Switching device
By introducing an air flow guide structure of multiple flow guide blades into the switching device, the problem of air flow separation caused by the shape of the hot component is solved, and the cooling efficiency is significantly improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411422839.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-10-13
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-15
AI Technical Summary
The heated components in low-pressure, medium-pressure or high-pressure switching devices separate the airflow due to their shape, reducing the efficiency of air cooling.
The air guide structure of a plurality of guide vanes is introduced into the switching device through which the air is directed into the inlet, flows tangentially toward the surface of the hot component, and then leaves at the outlet to avoid separation of the air flow.
The cooling efficiency of the hot component is significantly improved, and by correcting the air flow velocity vector, the air can effectively utilize the surface of the hot component, thereby improving the cooling effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN119834094A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to improved cooling of components in low voltage, medium voltage or high voltage switchgear. Background Art
[0002] In low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage applications, components carrying current, such as bus bars, heat up via Joule heating due to the passage of current.
[0003] These hot components must be cooled.
[0004] A large portion of cooling is achieved by air flowing over the hot component surfaces. Therefore, the ability to cool a component is directly dependent on the amount and quality of air flowing around the component.
[0005] In many cases, the location of hot components relative to the airflow vector at a given location is not ideal, resulting in flow separation. This phenomenon causes the airflow to circulate around the hot component or avoid it completely, negatively affecting cooling performance.
[0006] Figure 1 An example of how the air cannot follow the sudden change of direction forced by a hot component, causing flow separation. This separation causes boundary layer detachment, backflow and recirculation, which reduces the cooling capacity of the air. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the two hot parts are busbars 10, 20 separated by air, but the rising air does not flow between the two hot parts, so that air flow separation occurs and the air-based cooling efficiency is inefficient.
[0007] In most cases, the shape of such parts cannot be easily modified because the shapes of these parts are usually designed for other purposes rather than being more optimized for cooling.
[0008] There is a need to address these issues. Summary of the invention
[0009] Therefore, it would be advantageous to improve the ability to utilize air to cool hot components in switchgear.
[0010] The objects of the invention are solved by the subject-matter of the independent claims, wherein further embodiments are incorporated in the dependent claims.
[0011] In a first aspect, there is provided a low voltage, medium voltage or high voltage switchgear comprising:
[0012] - a first component; and
[0013] - An air guide structure comprising a plurality of guide vanes.
[0014] A plurality of guide vanes are positioned adjacent to the first component. One or more of the plurality of guide vanes are configured to direct air into the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the first surface of the first component, and then exit the air guide structure at an outlet.
[0015] In one example, the first component is a bus bar.
[0016] In one example, the first component is not oriented horizontally or vertically, but is oriented at an angle.
[0017] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are parallel to the first surface of the first component.
[0018] In one example, the first surface of the first component is planar.
[0019] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are configured to guide air into the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the second surface of the first component, and then exit the air guide structure at an outlet.
[0020] In one example, the second surface of the first component is planar.
[0021] In one example, the second surface of the first component is parallel to the first surface of the first component.
[0022] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are parallel to the second surface of the first component.
[0023] In one example, a switchgear comprises:
[0024] - Second component.
[0025] The second component is adjacent to the first component. A plurality of guide vanes are positioned adjacent to the second component. One or more of the plurality of guide vanes are configured to direct air into the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the first surface of the second component, and then exit the air guide structure at an outlet.
[0026] In one example, the second component is a bus bar.
[0027] In one example, the first component is adjacent to and parallel to the second component, such as two busbars one above the other with an air gap between them.
[0028] In one example, the second component is not oriented horizontally or vertically, but is oriented at an angle.
[0029] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are parallel to the first surface of the second component.
[0030] In one example, the first surface of the second component is planar.
[0031] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are configured to guide air into the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the second surface of the second component, and then exit the air guide structure at an outlet.
[0032] In one example, the second surface of the second component is flat.
[0033] In one example, the second surface of the second component is parallel to the first surface of the first component.
[0034] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are parallel to the second surface of the second component.
[0035] In one example, the second component is parallel to the first component;
[0036] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes includes an upper outer guide vane located above the first component and extending from an inlet of the air guide structure to an outlet of the air guide structure.
[0037] In one example, the upper outer guide vane is located above the second component.
[0038] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes includes a lower outer guide vane located below the first component and extending from an inlet of the air guide structure to an outlet of the air guide structure.
[0039] In one example, the lower outer guide vane is located below the second component.
[0040] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes includes one or more leading guide vanes located at an inlet of the air guiding structure.
[0041] In one example, the one or more leading guide vanes include a plurality of leading guide vanes, and a honeycomb structure is at least partially formed by the plurality of leading guide vanes.
[0042] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes includes one or more aft guide vanes located at an outlet of the air guiding structure.
[0043] In one example, the one or more aft guide vanes include a plurality of aft guide vanes, and a honeycomb structure is at least partially formed by the plurality of aft guide vanes.
[0044] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are flat plates.
[0045] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes is an airfoil.
[0046] In one example, the airfoil is a non-curved airfoil.
[0047] In one example, the airfoil is a high camber airfoil.
[0048] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes are formed of an insulating material.
[0049] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes are formed of plastic.
[0050] The above aspects and examples will become apparent and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0051] Exemplary embodiments will be described below with reference to the following drawings:
[0052] Figure 1 shows the airflow and airflow separation around the hot components;
[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a novel air guiding structure around a hot component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0054] Figure 2 The invention relates to a novel air guiding structure around one or more hot components in a switchgear compartment.
[0055] Exemplary new low voltage, medium voltage or high voltage switchgear includes:
[0056] - a first component 10; and
[0057] An air guide structure comprising a plurality of guide vanes 30 , 40 , 50 , 60 .
[0058] A plurality of guide vanes are located adjacent to the first component. One or more of the plurality of guide vanes are configured to guide air into the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the first surface of the first component, and then exit the air guide structure at an outlet.
[0059] In one example, the first component is a bus bar.
[0060] In one example, the first component is not oriented horizontally or vertically, but is oriented at an angle.
[0061] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are parallel to the first surface of the first component.
[0062] In one example, the first surface of the first component is planar.
[0063] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are configured to guide air into the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the second surface of the first component, and then exit the air guide structure at an outlet.
[0064] In one example, the second surface of the first component is planar.
[0065] In one example, the second surface of the first component is parallel to the first surface of the first component.
[0066] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are parallel to the second surface of the first component.
[0067] In one example, a switchgear comprises:
[0068] - A second component 20.
[0069] The second component is adjacent to the first component. A plurality of guide vanes are located adjacent to the second component. One or more of the plurality of guide vanes are configured to guide air into the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the first surface of the second component, and then leave the air guide structure at an outlet.
[0070] In one example, the second component is a bus bar.
[0071] In one example, the first component is adjacent to and parallel to the second component, such as two busbars one above the other with an air gap between them.
[0072] In one example, the second component is not oriented horizontally or vertically, but is oriented at an angle.
[0073] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are parallel to the first surface of the second component.
[0074] In one example, the first surface of the second component is planar.
[0075] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are configured to guide air into the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the second surface of the second component, and then exit the air guide structure at an outlet.
[0076] In one example, the second surface of the second component is flat.
[0077] In one example, the second surface of the second component is parallel to the first surface of the first component.
[0078] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are parallel to the second surface of the second component.
[0079] In one example, the second component is parallel to the first component;
[0080] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes includes an upper outer guide vane 30 located above the first component and extending from an inlet of the air guide structure to an outlet of the air guide structure.
[0081] In one example, the upper outer guide vane is located above the second component.
[0082] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes includes a lower outer guide vane 40 located below the first component and extending from an inlet of the air guide structure to an outlet of the air guide structure.
[0083] In one example, the lower outer guide vane is located below the second component.
[0084] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes includes one or more leading guide vanes 50 located at the inlet of the air guiding structure.
[0085] In one example, the one or more leading guide vanes include a plurality of leading guide vanes, and a honeycomb structure is at least partially formed by the plurality of leading guide vanes.
[0086] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes includes one or more aft guide vanes 60 located at an outlet of the air guiding structure.
[0087] In one example, the one or more aft guide vanes include a plurality of aft guide vanes, and a honeycomb structure is at least partially formed by the plurality of aft guide vanes.
[0088] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are flat plates.
[0089] In one example, one or more of the plurality of guide vanes are airfoils.
[0090] In one example, the airfoil is a non-curved airfoil.
[0091] In one example, the airfoil is a high camber airfoil.
[0092] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes are formed of an insulating material.
[0093] In one example, the plurality of guide vanes are formed of plastic.
[0094] In one example, the air introduced into the air guide structure comes from the outside of the compartment where the component to be cooled is located, and is guided out of the compartment after passing through the air guide structure. Therefore, not only the hot component is cooled, but also the interior of the entire compartment is cooled.
[0095] Thus, newly developed techniques may be used to improve cooling of components within a busbar space in low, medium or high pressure applications.
[0096] Conductors inside switchgear heat up when they carry current, and newly developed technology can be used to improve air cooling of these components.
[0097] In particular, the conductive components in the busbar compartments of conventional switchgear designs are relatively difficult to cool due to their shape and position within the busbar compartment. Their shape often causes flow separation, which reduces cooling capacity. The shape of the busbar compartment itself can cause severe flow separation, flow oscillations and disrupt the steady air flow, further reducing cooling capacity. However, newly developed technology allows the busbars to be cooled by air.
[0098] This newly developed technology involves the use of a system of guide vanes within the aerodynamic shroud that corrects the air velocity vector so that it is tangential to the hot component surface and forces the air to efficiently utilize the hot component surface, thereby maximizing cooling.
[0099] The aerodynamic shroud portion consists of an upper guide vane 30 and a lower guide vane 40, and the vanes within the shroud are a guide vane 50 at the front of the shroud and a guide vane 60 at the rear of the shroud.
[0100] The inner guide vanes 50, 60 are optimized to effectively correct the airflow velocity vector, but their shape can vary from a simple flat plate, non-cambered airfoil to a highly cambered airfoil. The inner guide vanes 50, 60 can also be oriented in a honeycomb system to increase structural strength. It is also good practice to create fillets on the leading and trailing edges of the inner and outer blades.
[0101] Therefore, through the newly developed technology, the cooling efficiency can be significantly improved by adding an air flow guide vane system to the existing busbar design to guide the air to flow at a low angle of attack relative to the conductors within the busbar compartment.
[0102] In certain embodiments, a system of external and internal guide vanes is attached to and / or spaced around hot components in the busbar compartment. These guide vanes correct the airflow vector and prevent airflow separation. The system also promotes stable airflow in and out of the busbar compartment. The subsequent improvement in cooling enables designers to use less bulky (expensive) materials such as copper, resulting in significant economic benefits.
[0103] It is also good practice to create the system out of plastic or other insulating material to avoid dielectric phenomena.
[0104] Improved cooling means components such as busbars can be made from less copper, providing an economic advantage.
[0105] Reference Numbers
[0106] 10 First hot component - such as busbar
[0107] 20 Second hot component - e.g. busbar
[0108] 30 Upper outer guide vane
[0109] 40 Lower outer guide vane
[0110] 50 Front guide vane
[0111] 60 Front guide vane
[0112] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and the foregoing description, such illustration and description should be regarded as illustrative or exemplary rather than restrictive. The present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Other variations to the disclosed embodiments may be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention by studying the drawings, the disclosure, and the dependent claims.
Claims
1. A low voltage, medium voltage or high voltage switchgear comprising: - a first component (10); and - an air guide structure, comprising a plurality of guide blades (30, 40, 50, 60); wherein the plurality of guide vanes are positioned adjacent to the first component; and One or more of the plurality of guide vanes are configured to guide air into the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the first surface of the first component, and then leave the air guide structure at an outlet.
2. The switchgear according to claim 1, wherein: The first surface of the first component is flat.
3. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising: - a second component (20); wherein the second component is adjacent to the first component; wherein the plurality of guide vanes are positioned adjacent to the second component; and One or more of the plurality of guide blades are configured to guide air to enter the air guide structure at an inlet, then flow tangentially toward the first surface of the second component, and then leave the air guide structure at an outlet.
4. The switchgear according to claim 3, wherein: The first surface of the second component is flat.
5. The switchgear according to any one of claims 3 to 4, wherein: The second component is parallel to the first component.
6. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The plurality of guide vanes include an upper outer guide vane (30) located above the first component, and wherein the upper outer guide vane extends from an inlet of the air guiding structure to an outlet of the air guiding structure.
7. A switchgear according to claim 6 when dependent on any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: The upper outer guide vane is located above the second component.
8. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The plurality of guide vanes include a lower outer guide vane (40) located below the first component, and wherein the lower outer guide vane extends from an inlet of the air guiding structure to an outlet of the air guiding structure.
9. A switchgear according to claim 8 when dependent on any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein: The lower outer guide vane is located below the second component.
10. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The plurality of guide vanes include one or more front guide vanes (50) located at an inlet of the air guide structure.
11. The switchgear according to claim 10, wherein: The one or more leading guide vanes include a plurality of leading guide vanes, and wherein a honeycomb structure is at least partially formed by the plurality of leading guide vanes.
12. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The plurality of guide vanes include one or more rear guide vanes (60) located at an outlet of the air guide structure.
13. The switchgear according to claim 12, wherein: The one or more aft guide vanes include a plurality of aft guide vanes, and wherein a honeycomb structure is at least partially formed by the plurality of aft guide vanes.
14. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: One or more of the plurality of guide vanes is a flat plate.
15. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: One or more of the plurality of guide vanes is an airfoil.
Citation Information
Cited By
Heating device and control method thereof
CN120907186A