Integrated qubit output link

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrated quantum bit output link. The integrated quantum bit output link comprises three sections of circulators; the load is arranged on the three-section circulator, and the load is used for absorbing reversely transmitted signals; a connector is arranged in the Josephson parameter amplifier, and the Josephson parameter amplifier is connected with the three-section circulator through the connector. According to the integrated quantum bit output link provided by the embodiment of the invention, the Josephson parametric amplifier and the three-section circulator are directly transited through the coaxial connector, so that the quantum bit can still keep good performance in a super low-temperature environment, and the effects of high integration, high heat conduction and magnetic shielding are achieved. The overall structure of the device is firm and reliable, parts forming the device are simple, assembly and mass production are easy, and the size of an integrated quantum bit output link is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of links of input / output devices, and in particular to an integrated quantum bit output link. Background Art

[0002] In quantum circuits, low-noise amplification of weak microwave signals is essential, and the Josephson Parametric Amplifier (JPA) is the most widely used device. Quantum computing requires coherent processing of quantum information stored in quantum computer qubits. Among them, the construction of the transmission link for qubits is crucial. The signal needs to be amplified by multiple stages of amplifiers before it can be effectively measured by instruments at room temperature. When the number of qubits to be transmitted increases, the problem of space limitations becomes particularly prominent, and it is difficult to achieve efficient heat treatment. The low-temperature multi-stage amplification part in the test link needs to be integrated, otherwise it will pose a great challenge to the space and heat load of the refrigerator. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application proposes an integrated quantum bit output link, in which the Josephson parametric amplifier and the three-section circulator are directly transitioned through a coaxial connector, so that the quantum bit can still maintain good performance in an ultra-low temperature environment, achieving the effects of high integration, high thermal conductivity and magnetic shielding.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated quantum bit output link, comprising: a three-section circulator; a load, the load being arranged on the three-section circulator, the load being used to absorb a reversely transmitted signal; a Josephson parametric amplifier, the Josephson parametric amplifier having a built-in connector, the Josephson parametric amplifier being connected to the three-section circulator via the connector.

[0005] In a possible implementation, the number of the loads is two, and the two loads are symmetrically welded on the outer circumferential surface of the three-section annular device.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the Josephson parametric amplifier includes a cavity and a cover plate, the cover plate is threadedly connected to the cavity, a groove is provided in the cavity, the groove is used to place a chip, and a cavity is provided under the chip.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the Josephson parametric amplifier further includes a through hole disposed on a peripheral surface of the cavity, and the through hole is connected to the connector.

[0008] In a possible implementation, a mounting hole is provided on the surface of the three-section circulator connected to the Josephson parametric amplifier, and the connector is connected to the inner conductor of the three-section circulator through the mounting hole.

[0009] In a possible implementation, when the Josephson parametric amplifier and the three-section circulator are connected, one end of the connector is inserted into the through hole, and the other end of the connector is connected to the inner conductor of the three-section circulator through a cable.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the three-section circulator is further provided with a first port and a second port, wherein the first port is an input port and the second port is an output port.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the Josephson parametric amplifier is threadedly connected to the three-section circulator.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the connector is a mid-axis connector.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the connector includes an inner conductor, an outer conductor and a dielectric layer, one end of the inner conductor is a slot opening for connecting the inner conductor; the other end of the inner conductor is a cylinder for connecting the chip.

[0014] Beneficial effects of this application:

[0015] An integrated quantum bit output link of an embodiment of the present invention, when a three-section circulator and a Josephson parametric amplifier are in use, the three-section circulator is connected to the Josephson parametric amplifier through a coaxial connector. The three-section circulator effectively realizes unidirectional transmission of signals, thereby preventing the reverse propagation of signals from interfering with the system. By using the Josephson parametric amplifier in conjunction with the three-section circulator, the signal amplification process is more stable, and at the same time, the signal distortion caused by the amplifier self-feedback can be avoided, thereby improving the output quality and accuracy of the quantum bit. The load is set on both sides of the three-section circulator, which helps to balance the energy distribution and signal stability of the system. The load can effectively absorb excess signal energy, prevent unnecessary reflections and losses, and ensure the integrity and consistency of the signal during transmission. Connecting the three-section circulator and the Josephson parametric amplifier through a coaxial connector can ensure the stable transmission of high-frequency signals, reduce signal attenuation and noise at the connection, and enhance the reliability and anti-interference ability of the system.

[0016] Other features and aspects of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0018] Figure 1A schematic diagram showing the structure of an integrated quantum bit output link according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 Another perspective structural diagram of the integrated quantum bit output link of an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a Josephson parametric amplifier in an integrated quantum bit output link according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a three-section circulator in an integrated quantum bit output link according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing another angle of a three-section circulator in an integrated quantum bit output link according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a connector in an integrated quantum bit output link according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 1-Josephson parametric amplifier; 101-cover; 102-cavity; 103-first connector; 104-central axis connector; 106-groove; 107-cavity; 105a, b-through hole; 104a-outer conductor; 104b-dielectric layer; 104c-inner conductor;

[0026] 2-three-section annular device; magnetic shielding cover 201; upper cavity 202; lower cavity 203; U-shaped cover 204a; b; c, L-shaped cover 213a; b, inner guide plate 205; first gyromagnetic ferrite 206a; second gyromagnetic ferrite 206b; third gyromagnetic ferrite 206c; fourth gyromagnetic ferrite 206d; fifth gyromagnetic ferrite 206e; sixth gyromagnetic ferrite 206f; first permanent magnet 207a; second permanent magnet 207a; third permanent magnet 207a; fourth permanent magnet 207a; fifth permanent magnet 207a; sixth permanent magnet 207a; first uniform magnet sheet 208a; second uniform magnet sheet 208b; third uniform magnet sheet 208c; fourth uniform magnet sheet 208d; fifth uniform magnet Magnet sheet 208e; sixth uniform magnet sheet 208f; first dielectric ring 209a; second dielectric ring 209b; third dielectric ring 209c; fourth dielectric ring 209d; fifth dielectric ring 209e; sixth dielectric ring 209f; first magnetic field ring 210a; second magnetic field ring 210b; third magnetic field ring 210c; fourth magnetic field ring 210d; fifth magnetic field ring 210e; sixth magnetic field ring 210f; first SMA-K connector 211a; second SMA-K connector 211b; third SMA-K connector 211c; fourth SMA-K connector 211d; first SMA-J load 212a; second SMA-J load 212b; first port 4a; second port 4b.

[0027] 3- Load. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise specified.

[0029] Among them, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application or simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0031] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0032] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present application, numerous specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, methods, means, components and circuits well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the subject matter of the present application.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated quantum bit output link, including: a three-section circulator 2, a load 3 and a Josephson parametric amplifier 1. Among them, the load 3 is arranged on the three-section circulator 2, and the load 3 is used to absorb the reverse transmission signal; the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 has a built-in connector, and the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 is connected to the three-section circulator 2 through the connector. The load 3 and the three-section circulator 2 effectively realize the unidirectional transmission of the signal, thereby preventing the reverse propagation of the signal from interfering with the system. By using the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 in conjunction with the three-section circulator 2, the signal amplification process is more stable, and at the same time, the signal distortion caused by the amplifier self-feedback can be avoided, and the output quality and accuracy of the quantum bit are improved. The load 3 is arranged on both sides of the three-section circulator 2, which helps to balance the energy distribution and signal stability of the system. The load 3 can effectively absorb excess signal energy, prevent unnecessary reflection and loss, and ensure the integrity and consistency of the signal during the transmission process. By connecting the three-section circulator 2 and the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 through a coaxial connector, the stable transmission of high-frequency signals can be ensured, the signal attenuation and noise at the connection can be reduced, and the reliability and anti-interference ability of the system can be enhanced. A significant advantage of the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 is its extremely low noise characteristics. It can amplify signals under conditions close to the quantum limit. It is suitable for quantum bit output links and can effectively amplify quantum signals without introducing significant noise, thereby maintaining signal purity and reliability. The Josephson parametric amplifier 1 has adjustable gain characteristics and can be precisely adjusted according to needs to meet the amplification needs of different quantum state signals.

[0034] In one embodiment, the number of the loads 3 is two, and the two loads 3 are symmetrically welded on the outer circumference of the three-section annular device 2. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the three-section circulator 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the left and right directions in the figure are the length directions of the three-section circulator 2, which is the longest side, and the left and right sides are the sides composed of the width and height of the rectangular parallelepiped, and the two loads 3 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the three-section ring. The Josephson parametric amplifier 1 is arranged in the middle of the side composed of the length and height. And it is detachably connected to the three-section circulator 2. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the connection between the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 and the three-section circulator 2 is a connection between the shells, and the shell of the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 is detachably connected to the shell of the three-section ring. In the use state, even in the normal state, the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 and the three-section circulator 2 in the integrated quantum bit output link of the present application are rigidly connected in an integrated manner to form an integrated structure, which will move simultaneously when moving, and there will be no relative shape or position change between the two.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present application, the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 includes a cavity and a cover plate, the cover plate is threadedly connected to the cavity, a groove is provided in the cavity, the groove is used to place a chip, and a cavity is provided under the chip.

[0036] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 is composed of a cover plate 101, a cavity 102, a first connector 103, and a second connector 104. A groove 106 is provided inside the cavity for placing the chip, and a certain cavity 107 is left under the chip. Corresponding to the chip electrical design, circular through holes are provided on both sides of the cavity, through holes 105a and 105b, which are respectively used to accommodate the first connector 103 and the second connector 104. Among them, the first connector 103 is SMP-J, which is used to connect the external signal to the chip, and the second connector 104 is used to connect the chip to the three-section circulator 22 for electrical connection. The cover plate 101 is fixedly connected to the cavity 102 by screws; the cavity 102 is fixedly connected to the three-section circulator 2 by screws. The mutual cooperation between the cavity and the groove 106 helps to ensure that the chip will not be displaced or vibrated during operation. The stable position of the chip can avoid signal attenuation or distortion and ensure the efficient operation of the system. The cover plate 101 is used to seal the opening of the cavity, which further enhances the performance and stability of the Josephson parametric amplifier 1, especially in an extremely low temperature environment. The sealing effect of the cover plate 101 can effectively prevent the external environment from affecting the cavity, prevent air, moisture, dust and other factors from entering the cavity, and ensure that the working environment inside the cavity is clean.

[0037] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the cavity 102 has a rectangular structure, a groove 106 for placing the chip is provided in the middle of the rectangular structure, and the side walls of the cavity are provided between the upper edges of the side walls. A sealing frame matching the support platform is provided on the cover plate 101, and the sealing frame extends outwardly relative to one side of the cover plate 101. In this embodiment, the cavity body, the cover plate 101, the support platform and the sealing frame are all rectangular structures.

[0038] And if Figure 2 As shown, a connecting plate is also provided on one side of the cavity body of the present embodiment, and the connecting plate is integrally formed with the cavity 102. A plurality of through holes are evenly provided on the connecting plate, and the plurality of through holes are used to fix and connect the cavity 102 and the Josephson parametric amplifier 1. The upper edge of the connecting plate of the present embodiment is higher than the preset height of the upper surface of the cavity 102 body, and the preset height is the same as the thickness of the cover plate 101. When the cover plate 101 is covered on the cavity 102, the cover plate 101 is embedded in the cavity 102, and the upper edge of the cover plate 101 is flush with the upper edge of the connecting plate. The shape of the cover plate 101 is consistent with the shape of the cavity 102. At this time, the cover plate 101 and the cavity 102 form a rectangular parallelepiped structure as a whole. At this time, the sealing frame fits the support table, and the chip is sealed and placed in the groove 106. Further, in the present embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are flush with the cover plate 101 after it is covered. The left and right sides extend outwards by a preset distance relative to the main body of the cavity 102 to form connecting ears that are symmetrical at both ends, and rear mounting holes are set on the connecting ears to connect and fix with the three-section circulator. The middle part of the bottom of the connecting plate is recessed inward to form a groove, and a through hole 105b is set in the middle to connect to the groove 106. The second connector 104 is connected to the chip in the cavity 102 through the through hole 105b. The cavity 102 is provided with a through hole 105a at the other end opposite to 105b. The through hole 105a is used to accommodate the first connector 103. The first connector 103 is SMP-J, which is used to connect external signals to the chip. The second connector 104 is used to connect the chip to the three-section circulator 22 for electrical connection, and the cover plate 101 is fixedly connected to the cavity 102 through a through hole thread.

[0039] In some embodiments, the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 further includes a through hole provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cavity, and the through hole is connected to a connector. A mounting hole is provided on the surface of the three-section circulator 2 connected to the Josephson parametric amplifier 1, and the connector is connected to the inner conductor of the three-section circulator 2 through the mounting hole. When the Josephson parametric amplifier 1 and the three-section circulator 2 are connected, one end of the connector is inserted into the through hole, and the other end of the connector is connected to the inner conductor of the three-section circulator 2 through a cable.

[0040] Specifically, the magnetic shielding cover 201 is a U-shaped semi-enclosed structure, which wraps the upper cavity 202 and the lower cavity 203 inside. The upper cavity 202 and the lower cavity 203 are arranged opposite to each other; three groups of circular grooves are respectively provided on the opposite inner sides of the upper cavity 202 and the lower cavity 203, and the three groups of circular grooves respectively accommodate the first dielectric ring 209a, the second dielectric ring 209b, the third dielectric ring 209c, the fourth dielectric ring 209d, the fifth dielectric ring 209e, and the sixth dielectric ring 209f; a circular through hole is provided in the middle of the dielectric ring, and the circular through hole corresponds to accommodating the first gyromagnetic ferrite 206a, the second gyromagnetic ferrite 206b, the third gyromagnetic ferrite 206c, the fourth gyromagnetic ferrite 206d, the fifth gyromagnetic ferrite 206e, and the sixth gyromagnetic ferrite 206f; the inner guide piece 205 is clamped in the middle of the first dielectric ring 209a, the second dielectric ring 209b, the third dielectric ring 209c, the fourth dielectric ring 209d, the fifth dielectric ring 209e, and the sixth dielectric ring 209f. The upper cavity 202 and the lower cavity 203 are respectively provided with three groups of circular cavities on the opposite outer sides thereof, and the three groups of circular cavities are coaxially arranged corresponding to the three groups of circular grooves on the opposite inner sides thereof.

[0041] The three groups of circular cavities respectively accommodate the first permanent magnet 207a, the second permanent magnet 207a, the third permanent magnet 207a, the fourth permanent magnet 207a, the fifth permanent magnet 207a, and the sixth permanent magnet 207a; the first uniform magnet sheet 208a, the second uniform magnet sheet 208b, the third uniform magnet sheet 208c, the fourth uniform magnet sheet 208d, the fifth uniform magnet sheet 208e, and the sixth uniform magnet sheet 208f.

[0042] In some embodiments, the three-section circulator 2 is further provided with a first port 4a and a second port 4b, wherein the first port 4a is an input port and the second port 4b is an output port, and the output port and the input port are used to connect to external devices or equipment for inputting or outputting signals.

[0043] Specifically, the inner guide piece 205 is provided with three terminals connected in series, each of which is connected to five corresponding leads. The five leads are led out and extended to the corresponding SMA-K connector outside the cavity, two of which are used to provide input and output connections when the SMA-K connector is electrically connected; the first port 4a of the circulator is the input end, and the second port 4b is the output end; two are used to connect to the SMA-J load 3 as isolation ends; and one lead is led out and extended to the second connector 104 outside the cavity and at one end of the Josephson parametric amplifier 1.

[0044] In some embodiments, the connector 104 includes an inner conductor 104c, an outer conductor 104a and a dielectric layer 104b. One end of the inner conductor 104c is a slot opening for connecting to the inner guide 205; the other end of the inner conductor 104a is a cylinder for connecting to a chip.

[0045] Specifically, the inner guide 205 is connected to the lead wire to realize the introduction or extraction of the signal. The lead wire is used to connect the external circuit or other modules. Through the guidance of the inner guide 205, the signal can be transmitted to the coaxial connector in a low-loss and low-interference manner, avoiding the attenuation or distortion of the signal during the transmission process. The inner guide 205 can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference. The coaxial connector has good electromagnetic shielding performance. The inner guide 205 is wrapped by the outer metal shielding layer, which can effectively suppress the noise interference of the external environment and ensure the purity of the signal.

[0046] The embodiments of the present application have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An integrated quantum bit output link, characterized in that: include: Three-section annular device; A load, the load being arranged on the three-section circulator, and the load being used to absorb a reversely transmitted signal; A Josephson parametric amplifier, wherein the Josephson parametric amplifier has a built-in connector, and the Josephson parametric amplifier is connected to the three-section circulator via the connector.

2. The integrated quantum bit output link according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the loads is two, and the two loads are symmetrically welded on the outer peripheral surface of the three-section annular device.

3. The integrated quantum bit output link according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Josephson parametric amplifier comprises a cavity and a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is threadedly connected to the cavity, a groove is arranged in the cavity, the groove is used for placing a chip, and a cavity is arranged under the chip.

4. The integrated quantum bit output link according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Josephson parametric amplifier further includes a through hole arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the cavity, and the through hole is connected to the connector.

5. The integrated quantum bit output link according to claim 4, characterized in that: A mounting hole is arranged on the surface of the three-section circulator connected to the Josephson parametric amplifier, and the connector is connected to the inner guide piece of the three-section circulator through the mounting hole.

6. The integrated quantum bit output link according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the Josephson parametric amplifier and the three-section circulator are connected, one end of the connector is inserted into the through hole, and the other end of the connector is connected to the inner guide plate of the three-section circulator through a cable.

7. The integrated quantum bit output link according to claim 6, characterized in that: The three-section circulator is also provided with a first port and a second port, wherein the first port is an input port and the second port is an output port.

8. The integrated quantum bit output link according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Josephson parametric amplifier is threadedly connected to the three-section circulator.

9. The integrated quantum bit output link according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector is a mid-axis connector.

10. The integrated quantum bit output link according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connector comprises an inner guide piece, an outer conductor and a dielectric layer. One end of the inner guide piece is a slot opening for connecting the inner guide piece; the other end of the inner guide piece is a cylinder for connecting the chip.

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