Soda saline-alkali soil preparation and fertilization device

Abstract

The invention discloses a soda saline-alkali soil preparation and fertilization device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a frame, a deep ploughing unit, a shallow rotating unit, a fertilization unit and a leveling unit. The rack comprises a hanging structure, two first mounting plates and two second mounting plates; the first mounting plate is used for supporting the deep ploughing unit, and the second mounting plate is used for supporting the shallow rotating unit, the fertilizing unit and the leveling unit; one end of the hanging structure is fixedly connected with the fixing plate between the two first mounting plates, two protruding parts on the lower side of the other end of the hanging structure are rotationally connected to the moving device through pin shafts, and the protruding part on the upper side is rotationally connected to an oil cylinder of the moving device through pin shafts; a supporting plate for supporting is fixedly connected between the two second mounting plates and is arranged above the shallow rotating unit; the deep ploughing unit, the shallow rotating unit and the fertilizing unit are sequentially arranged along the rack. Deep ploughing, shallow rotary tillage, fertilization and leveling are integrated into the same device to conduct operation on the saline-alkali soil, and the economical and efficient effects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and more specifically relates to a soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device. Background Art

[0002] Salt-alkali land refers to the salt contained in the soil that affects the normal growth of crops. The essence of its formation is mainly the redistribution of various soluble salts in the horizontal and vertical directions on the ground, so that salt gradually accumulates in the soil surface of the salt-collecting area. One of the general tasks of soil cultivation measures in saline-alkali land is to promote soil desalination and reduce the accumulation of salt to the surface under the premise of creating a good soil environment for plants. When plowing and preparing the saline-alkali land, attention should be paid to the plowing time, plowing and harrowing technology, and land leveling. Generally, deep plowing in saline-alkali land has a more significant effect. However, the land with heavy salt and alkali in the lower layer cannot be deep plowed, but can be plowed up and loosened down, with a plow with a loosening device or a set plow. Leveling the land can reduce the uneven loss of surface water and avoid the accumulation of salt to form salt-alkali spots. However, the existing land preparation device cannot perform deep plowing and shallow plowing and leveling the land at the same time to achieve an efficient and economical land cultivation mode. Therefore, how to provide a soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device that can perform multiple operations at the same time is a problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0004] A soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device comprises a frame, a deep plowing unit, a shallow rotation unit, a fertilization unit and a leveling unit; the frame comprises a hanging structure, two first mounting plates and two second mounting plates; the first mounting plate is used to support the deep plowing unit, and the second mounting plate is used to support the shallow rotation unit, the fertilization unit and the leveling unit; one end of the hanging structure is fixedly connected to a fixed plate between the two first mounting plates, and two lower protruding parts of the other end are rotatably connected to a moving device through a pin shaft, and the upper protruding part is rotatably connected to the oil cylinder of the moving device through a pin shaft; a support plate is fixedly connected between the two second mounting plates and is arranged above the shallow rotation unit; the deep plowing unit, the shallow rotation unit and the fertilization unit are arranged in sequence along the frame.

[0005] Furthermore, the deep tillage unit includes a tillage structure, a fixed frame and a plow structure; the two ends of the fixed frame are rotatably connected to two first mounting plates; the tillage structure is provided with two groups, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed frame, for adjusting the tillage angle; the plow structure is provided with multiple groups for deep tillage.

[0006] Furthermore, the plow structure includes a plow column, a plow shovel and a breaking cone; a plurality of fixing sleeves are arranged on the rear side of the fixing frame for fixing the plow column; the plow shovel is arranged at the lower end of the plow column for breaking up deep soil; the breaking cone is arranged in the middle of the plow column for breaking up the hard soil crust layer on the surface of the saline-alkali land.

[0007] Furthermore, the tillage structure includes a first electric telescopic rod and a connecting ear; one end of the connecting ear is fixedly connected to the fixing frame, and the other end is rotatably connected to the output end of the first electric telescopic rod; the fixed end of the first electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the fixing plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the shallow rotation unit includes multiple groups of shallow rotating cutter wheels and a power structure evenly arranged on the shallow rotating shaft; one end of the shallow rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second mounting plate on one side through a bearing, and the other end passes through the second mounting plate on the other side to connect to the power structure; the shallow rotating cutter wheel is provided with multiple cutters along the circumference of the shallow rotating shaft, which are used to break the soil layer during rotation.

[0009] Furthermore, the power structure includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a motor; the motor is arranged on the support plate; the output end of the motor passes through the second mounting plate and is connected to the driving sprocket; the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are driven by chain meshing; the driven sprocket shaft is connected to a shallow rotating shaft passing through the second mounting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the fertilization unit includes a fertilizer box and a fertilizer discharge pipe; the front side of the fertilizer box is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and a through groove is arranged at the lower rear side to connect with the fertilizer discharge pipe; the cross-section of the fertilizer discharge pipe gradually increases from the upper part connected with the support plate to the lower part, and the two sides of the lower part are fixedly connected to the two second mounting plates, and the lower end passes through the leveling unit and is placed above the soil layer; a bottom plate inclined toward one side of the through groove is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a movable structure for controlling the opening and closing of the through groove is also arranged under the bottom plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable structure includes a second electric telescopic rod and a block; the second electric telescopic rod is arranged below the base plate, the fixed end is fixedly connected to the fertilizer box, and the movable end is fixedly connected to the block; the block moves in the gap between the base plate and the fertilizer box, and is inclined near one side of the through groove to guide the fertilizer to fall.

[0012] Furthermore, the leveling unit includes a side plate and a leveling plate; two side plates are provided, which are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the leveling plate, and the side plates are fixedly connected to the second mounting plate; the leveling plate is inclined toward the rear, and a plurality of pointed ends are provided along the width direction at the lower end, facing the rear, for leveling the soil layer after plowing.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] The present invention provides a soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device, which integrates deep plowing, shallow rotation, fertilization and leveling into the same device to perform operations on the saline-alkali land, thereby achieving economical and efficient effects; and the tillage structure controls the angle of the plow structure when entering the tillage, so that the plow structure slowly moves downward when starting the deep plowing operation, and deep plowing is performed deep into the soil layer, thereby avoiding damage to the plow structure when entering the tillage, and the setting of the soil-breaking cone can break the hard soil crust on the surface of the saline-alkali land, thereby avoiding damage to the plow column caused by force during the deep plowing process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the deep tillage unit of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fertilization unit and the leveling unit of the present invention.

[0020] Among them, in the figure:

[0021] 1-hanging structure; 2-first mounting plate; 3-second mounting plate; 4-fixing plate; 5-fixing frame; 6-plough column; 7-plough shovel; 8-breaking cone; 9-first electric telescopic rod; 10-connecting ear; 11-shallow rotating shaft; 12-shallow rotary cutter wheel; 13-support plate; 14-driving sprocket; 15-driven sprocket; 16-motor; 17-fertilizer discharge pipe; 18-fertilizer box; 19-block; 20-second electric telescopic rod; 21-leveling plate; 22-fixing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see attached Figure 1-4The present invention provides a soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device, comprising a frame, a deep plowing unit, a shallow rotation unit, a fertilization unit and a leveling unit; the frame comprises a hanging structure 1, two first mounting plates 2 and two second mounting plates 3; the first mounting plate 2 is used to support the deep plowing unit, and the second mounting plate 3 is used to support the shallow rotation unit, the fertilization unit and the leveling unit; the first mounting plate 2 and the second mounting plate 3 are bolted together; one end of the hanging structure 1 is fixedly connected to a fixed plate 4 between the two first mounting plates 2, and the two protruding parts on the lower side of the other end are rotatably connected to a moving device through a pin shaft, and the upper protruding part is rotatably connected to the oil cylinder of the moving device through a pin shaft; the moving device selects a tractor, and the hanging structure is connected to the rear of the tractor, and the oil cylinder on the tractor is extended and retracted to drive the hanging structure to rotate along the pin shaft, thereby driving the entire rear device to rise and fall.

[0024] The deep tillage unit, shallow rotation unit and fertilization unit are arranged in sequence along the frame; the deep tillage unit includes a tillage structure, a fixing frame 5 and a plow structure; the two ends of the fixing frame 5 are rotatably connected to the two first mounting plates 2 through a rotating shaft; the plow structure is provided with multiple groups, including a plow column 6, a plow shovel 7 and a soil-breaking cone 8; a plurality of fixing sleeves are arranged on the rear side of the fixing frame 5 for fixedly connecting the plow column 6; the plow shovel 7 is arranged at the lower end of the plow column 6 for breaking the deep soil; the soil-breaking cone 8 is arranged in the middle of the plow column 6 for breaking the hard soil crust layer on the surface of the saline-alkali land. The tillage structure is provided with two groups, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed frame 5; the tillage structure includes a first electric telescopic rod 9 and a connecting ear 10; one end of the connecting ear 10 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 5, and the other end is rotatably connected to the output end of the first electric telescopic rod 9; the fixed end of the first electric telescopic rod 9 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 4; the first electric telescopic rod 9 is telescopically driven through the connecting ear 10 to drive the fixed frame 5 and the plow structure to rotate along the rotating shaft. When the plow structure starts deep plowing, it slowly moves downward to make the plow shovel 7 break the deep saline-alkali soil and penetrate deep into the soil layer for deep plowing. The setting of the soil-breaking cone can prevent the plow column from being damaged by force during the deep plowing process.

[0025] The shallow rotary unit is arranged behind the deep tillage unit, and includes a plurality of shallow rotary cutter wheels 12 and a power structure evenly arranged on a shallow rotary shaft 11; one end of the shallow rotary shaft 11 is rotatably connected to a second mounting plate 3 on one side through a bearing, and the other end passes through the second mounting plate 3 on the other side to connect to the power structure; the shallow rotary cutter wheel 12 is provided with a plurality of cutters along the circumference of the shallow rotary shaft 11, for breaking the soil layer during rotation; a support plate 13 is fixedly connected between the two second mounting plates 3, and the support plate 13 is arranged above the shallow rotary cutter wheel 12; the power structure It includes a driving sprocket 14, a driven sprocket 15 and a motor 16; the motor 16 is arranged on the support plate 13; the output end of the motor 16 passes through the second mounting plate 3 to connect with the driving sprocket 14; the driving sprocket 14 and the driven sprocket 15 are driven by chain meshing; the driven sprocket 15 shaft is connected to the shallow rotating shaft 11 passing through the second mounting plate 3; the motor 16 drives the driving sprocket 14 and the driven sprocket 15 to rotate, thereby providing power for the shallow rotating shaft 11, so that multiple groups of shallow rotary cutter wheels 12 break the soil layer and perform shallow rotary operations.

[0026] The fertilization unit is arranged behind the shallow rotary unit, and includes a fertilizer box 18 and a fertilizer discharge pipe 17; the front side of the fertilizer box 18 is fixed on the support plate 13, and a through groove is arranged at the lower rear side to connect with the fertilizer discharge pipe 17; the cross-section of the fertilizer discharge pipe 17 gradually increases from the upper part connected with the support plate 13 to the lower part, and the two sides of the lower part are fixedly connected to the two second mounting plates 3, and the lower end passes through the leveling unit and is placed above the soil layer, which can cross the entire soil surface after plowing and transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 18 to the soil after rotary tillage. A bottom plate inclined toward one side of the through slot is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box 18, and a movable structure for controlling the opening and closing of the through slot is also provided below the bottom plate; the movable structure comprises a second electric telescopic rod 20 and a stopper 19; the second electric telescopic rod 20 is provided below the bottom plate, with a fixed end fixedly connected to the fertilizer box 18, and a movable end fixedly connected to the stopper 19; the stopper 19 can move in the gap between the bottom plate and the fertilizer box 18, and is inclinedly arranged close to one side of the through slot to guide the fertilizer to fall; the second electric telescopic rod 20 drives the stopper 19 to control the opening and closing of the through slot.

[0027] The leveling unit is arranged below the fertilizing unit, and includes a side plate 22 and a leveling plate 21; two side plates 22 are provided, which are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the leveling plate 21, and the side plates 22 are fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 3; the leveling plate 21 is inclined toward the rear, and a plurality of pointed ends are provided at the lower end along the width direction, facing the rear, for leveling the soil layer after plowing.

[0028] When in use, the present invention uses an oil cylinder to lower the entire rear device, and adjusts the tillage direction by regulating the first electric telescopic rod 9 to avoid damage to the plow structure during tillage. After lowering the tillage mechanism to a set depth, the tractor is moved forward, and the tractor pulls the entire device to perform deep tillage and shallow rotation; by controlling the second electric telescopic rod 20 to adjust the stopper 19, the fertilizer is controlled to fall from the fertilizer discharge pipe 17 along the travel direction to perform fertilization operations, and after fertilization, the soil is leveled using the leveling plate in the leveling unit.

[0029] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0030] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame, a deep tillage unit, a shallow rotation unit, a fertilization unit and a leveling unit; the frame comprises a hanging structure (1), two first mounting plates (2) and two second mounting plates (3); the first mounting plate (2) is used to support the deep tillage unit, and the second mounting plate (3) is used to support the shallow rotation unit, the fertilization unit and the leveling unit; one end of the hanging structure (1) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (4) between the two first mounting plates (2), and two protruding parts on the lower side of the other end are rotatably connected to a moving device through a pin shaft, and the upper protruding part is rotatably connected to the oil cylinder of the moving device through a pin shaft; a support plate (13) is fixedly connected between the two second mounting plates (3) and is arranged above the shallow rotation unit; the deep tillage unit, the shallow rotation unit and the fertilization unit are arranged in sequence along the frame.

2. A soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep tillage unit comprises a tillage structure, a fixing frame (5) and a plow structure; the fixing frame (5) has two ends rotatably connected to two first mounting plates (2); the tillage structure is provided with two groups, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing frame (5) for adjusting the tillage angle; the plow structure is provided with multiple groups for deep tillage.

3. A soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plow structure comprises a plow column (6), a plow blade (7) and a soil breaking cone (8); a plurality of fixing sleeves are arranged on the upper rear side of the fixing frame (5) for fixing and connecting the plow column (6); the plow blade (7) is arranged at the lower end of the plow column (6) for breaking the deep soil; the soil breaking cone (8) is arranged at the middle of the plow column (6) for breaking the hard soil crust layer on the surface of the saline-alkali land.

4. The soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The tillage structure comprises a first electric telescopic rod (9) and a connecting ear (10); one end of the connecting ear (10) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (5), and the other end is rotatably connected to the output end of the first electric telescopic rod (9); the fixed end of the first electric telescopic rod (9) is rotatably connected to the fixing plate (4).

5. The soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shallow rotary unit comprises a plurality of shallow rotary cutter wheels (12) uniformly arranged on a shallow rotary shaft (11) and a power structure; one end of the shallow rotary shaft (11) is rotatably connected to a second mounting plate (3) on one side via a bearing, and the other end passes through the second mounting plate (3) on the other side and is connected to the power structure; the shallow rotary cutter wheel (12) is provided with a plurality of cutters along the circumference of the shallow rotary shaft (11) for crushing soil layers when rotating.

6. The soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power structure comprises a driving sprocket (14), a driven sprocket (15) and a motor (16); the motor (16) is arranged on the support plate (13); the output end of the motor (16) passes through the second mounting plate (3) and is connected to the driving sprocket (14); the driving sprocket (14) and the driven sprocket (15) are driven by chain meshing; the rotating shaft of the driven sprocket (15) is connected to a shallow rotating shaft (11) passing through the second mounting plate (3).

7. The soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizing unit comprises a fertilizer box (18) and a fertilizer discharge pipe (17); the front side of the fertilizer box (18) is fixedly mounted on the support plate (13), and a through slot is arranged at the lower rear side to communicate with the fertilizer discharge pipe (17); the cross section of the fertilizer discharge pipe (17) gradually increases from the upper part connected with the support plate (13) to the lower part, and the two sides of the lower part are fixedly connected to the two second mounting plates (3), and the lower end passes through the leveling unit and is placed above the soil layer; the bottom of the fertilizer box (18) is provided with a bottom plate inclined toward one side of the through slot, and a movable structure for controlling the opening and closing of the through slot is also arranged below the bottom plate.

8. The soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable structure comprises a second electric telescopic rod (20) and a stopper (19); the second electric telescopic rod (20) is arranged below the bottom plate, a fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the fertilizer box (18), and a movable end of which is fixedly connected to the stopper (19); the stopper (19) moves in a gap between the bottom plate and the fertilizer box (18), and is arranged obliquely close to a side surface of the through slot, so as to guide the fertilizer to fall.

9. The soda saline-alkali land preparation and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling unit comprises a side plate (22) and a leveling plate (21); two side plates (22) are provided, which are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the leveling plate (21), and the side plates (22) are fixedly connected to the second mounting plate (3); the leveling plate (21) is inclined toward the rear, and a plurality of pointed ends are provided at the lower end along the width direction, facing the rear, for leveling the soil layer after plowing.

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