A seed fertilizer application rate adjusting device and adjusting method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of seed fertilizer broadcast application quantity adjusting device and adjusting method, it is related to agricultural machinery technical field, seed fertilizer broadcast application quantity adjusting device includes drive structure, seed inlet pipe, seed drop tube and reflux pipe, one end of the seed inlet pipe is used to be connected with seed and fertilizer distributor, the drive structure is used to drive the seed inlet pipe movement, so that the other end of the seed inlet pipe can be connected with the seed drop tube and / or the reflux pipe, the reflux pipe is used to be connected with the seed return box.The seed fertilizer broadcast application quantity adjusting device and adjusting method of the application solve the problem that the current seeding and fertilizing machine is not accurate in seeding and fertilizing amount during starting and parking stage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a kind of seed fertilizer broadcast application quantity adjusting device and adjusting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Precision agriculture is the new trend of world agricultural development today, its principle is according to the specific conditions of each operation unit in field, fine and accurate adjustment each item of soil and crop management measures, maximum optimization each agricultural input, to obtain the highest yield and maximum economic benefit, while protecting the ecological environment of agriculture, to maintain the efficient use of agricultural resources and the sustainable development of agricultural industry. Among them, the precise seeding and fertilizing technology is to broadcast the qualified seeds and fertilizers with precise quantity to the predetermined position of the soil meeting the growth requirements according to the agricultural technical requirements, including the three-dimensional coordinate system composed of precise spacing, sowing depth and row spacing, i.e. accurate seeding quantity, accurate spacing and accurate sowing depth. This advanced technology ensures the reasonable distribution of seeds in the field, creates the best conditions for seed growth and development, has the remarkable advantages of saving seeds, reducing seedling work and increasing yield, and has been widely applied at home and abroad.

[0003] The existing seeding and fertilizing machine has poor seeding and fertilizing quantity adjustment, and when the seeding and fertilizing machine is working, the phenomena of missing seeding and over-seeding are easily formed. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a kind of seed fertilizer broadcast application quantity adjusting device and adjusting method, to solve the problems existing in the prior art, solve the problem of inaccurate seeding and fertilizing quantity at the start and parking stage of the current seeding and fertilizing machine.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following scheme:

[0006] The present application provides a kind of seed fertilizer broadcast application quantity adjusting device, comprising: drive structure, seed inlet pipe, seed drop pipe and reflux pipe, one end of the seed inlet pipe is used to be connected with seed and fertilizer distributor, the drive structure is used to drive the seed inlet pipe to move, so that the other end of the seed inlet pipe can be connected with the seed drop pipe and / or the reflux pipe, the reflux pipe is used to be connected with the seed return box.

[0007] Preferably, the drive structure includes a linear drive assembly and a connecting plate, the telescopic end of the linear drive assembly is hinged to the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is used to be connected with the seed inlet pipe.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes a sliding seat, the sliding seat is used to be connected with the seeding and fertilizing machine, the seed inlet pipe, the seed drop pipe and the reflux pipe are all arranged on the sliding seat, and the seed inlet pipe is slidingly connected with the sliding seat.

[0009] Preferably, a sliding groove is arranged on the sliding seat, and a sliding plate is arranged in the sliding groove and is in sliding connection with the sliding seat.

[0010] Preferably, the seed dropping pipe and the return pipe are arranged side by side, and the seed dropping pipe, the seed dropping pipe and the return pipe have the same caliber.

[0011] The application also provides a method for adjusting the real-time seed and fertilizer sowing and applying amount, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step one: the position of the seed feeding pipe corresponds to the seed dropping pipe and is in the seed dropping position.

[0013] Step two: the forward speed V of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine is measured.

[0014] Step three: the real-time seed and fertilizer sowing and applying amount S and the real-time rotating speed R of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine are calculated.

[0015] Step four: the real-time seed and fertilizer sowing and applying amount S is compared with the minimum effective sowing and applying amount threshold A of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine: when S > A, the position of the seed feeding pipe corresponds to the seed dropping pipe and is in the seed dropping position, and the real-time rotating speed R of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine is used to control the sowing and applying amount; when S ≤ A, the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine is fixed to the minimum effective sowing and applying amount threshold A, and the seed feeding pipe moves a distance M towards the return pipe.

[0016] Preferably, in step two, the forward speed V of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine is measured by a rotary encoder connected with a ground wheel.

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, V is the forward speed of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine, in units of m / s; D is the diameter of the ground wheel, in units of m; N is the number of output pulses of the rotary encoder collected in a sampling period; K is the number of fixed pulses output by the rotary encoder when the ground wheel rotates one circle; and T is the speed sampling period, in units of ms.

[0019] Preferably, in step three, the real-time seed and fertilizer sowing and applying amount S is:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, S is the real-time seed and fertilizer sowing and applying amount, in units of kg / s; Q is the preset seed and fertilizer sowing amount per mu, in units of kg / mu; V is the forward speed of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine, in units of m / s; and H is the working width of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine, in units of m.

[0022] Preferably, in step three, the real-time rotating speed R of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine is:

[0023] Preferably, in step three, the real-time rotating speed R of the seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine is:

[0024] In the formula, R is the real-time speed of the seed and fertilizer distributor, unit: revolution / second; Q is the preset seed and fertilizer per mu planting amount, unit: kg / mu; V is the forward speed of the seed and fertilizer planter, unit: m / s; H is the working width of the seed and fertilizer planter, unit: m; and q is the single-circle discharge amount of the seed and fertilizer distributor, unit: kg / s.

[0025] Preferably, in the fourth step, the moving distance M of the seed feeding pipe towards the return pipe is:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, M is the moving distance of the seed feeding pipe towards the return pipe, unit: m; L is the length of the seed feeding pipe, unit: m; S is the real-time seed and fertilizer planting amount, unit: kg / s; A is the minimum effective seed and fertilizer planting amount setting threshold, unit: kg / s; and k is the seed and fertilizer distribution coefficient of the seed drop port and the return port, the value range is 0-1.

[0028] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0029] The present application drives the seed feeding pipe to slide through the driving structure, so that the position of the seed feeding pipe is changed, the seed feeding pipe is communicated with the seed drop pipe, or the seed feeding pipe is communicated with the return pipe, or the seed feeding pipe is communicated with both the seed drop pipe and the return pipe, thereby adjusting the seed and fertilizer planting amount and the seed and fertilizer return amount, and solving the problem that the seed and fertilizer planting amount is not accurate during the starting and stopping of the seed and fertilizer planter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 It is an axial view of the seed and fertilizer planting amount adjusting device of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a side view of the seed and fertilizer planting amount adjusting device of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a top view of the seed and fertilizer planting amount adjusting device of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the seed and fertilizer planting amount adjusting device of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a sectional axial view of the seed and fertilizer planting amount adjusting device of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 A fertilizer application amount adjustment method flow chart of the present application;

[0037] In the figure: 1-connection pin, 2-linear drive assembly, 3-sliding plate, 4-sliding seat, 5-connection plate, 6-mounting plate, 7-seed drop tube, 8-backflow tube, 9-seed inlet tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] The purpose of the present application is to provide a kind of seed fertilizer application amount adjustment device and adjustment method, to solve the problems existing in the prior art described above, solve the current seeding and fertilizing machine start, parking stage seeding and fertilizing amount inaccurate problem.

[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Embodiment one

[0042] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the present embodiment provides a kind of seed fertilizer application amount adjustment device, including: drive structure, seed inlet tube 9, seed drop tube 7 and backflow tube 8, one end of seed inlet tube 9 is used to be connected with seed and fertilizer distributor, drive structure is used to drive seed inlet tube 9 movement, so that the other end of seed inlet tube 9 can be connected with seed drop tube 7 and / or backflow tube 8, backflow tube 8 is used to be connected with seed return box.

[0043] Specifically, in the present embodiment, seed drop tube 7 and backflow tube 8 are arranged side by side, the caliber of seed inlet tube 9, seed drop tube 7 and backflow tube 8 is the same.

[0044] In the present embodiment, drive structure includes linear drive assembly 2 and connection plate 5, linear drive assembly 2 is preferably electric push rod, linear drive assembly 2 is installed on mounting plate 6, the telescopic end of linear drive assembly 2 is hinged with connection plate 5 through connection pin 1, and connection plate 5 is used to be connected with seed inlet tube 9. The telescopic end of linear drive assembly 2 is provided with displacement sensor, for detecting the position of the telescopic end of linear drive assembly 2, and further detecting the position of seed inlet tube 9.

[0045] The embodiment also comprises a sliding seat 4 for connecting with the frame of the seeding and fertilizing machine, and the mounting plate 6, the seed inlet pipe 9, the seed drop pipe 7 and the backflow pipe 8 are arranged on the sliding seat 4. The sliding seat 4 is provided with a sliding groove, and the sliding plate 3 is arranged in the sliding groove and is in sliding connection with the sliding seat 4. The sliding plate 3 is connected with the seed inlet pipe 9 and the connecting plate 5 respectively.

[0046] In the embodiment, the linear driving assembly 2 drives the seed inlet pipe 9 to slide in the sliding groove of the sliding seat 4 through the connecting plate 5 and the sliding plate 3, so that the position of the seed inlet pipe 9 is changed, the seed inlet pipe 9 is communicated with the seed drop pipe 7, or the seed inlet pipe 9 is communicated with the backflow pipe 8, or the seed inlet pipe 9 is communicated with the seed drop pipe 7 and the backflow pipe 8 at the same time, and then the seeding and fertilizing amount and the seed and fertilizer backflow amount are adjusted.

[0047] Embodiment two

[0048] As shown in Figure 6 , the embodiment provides a method for adjusting the seeding and fertilizing amount, which comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step one, the position of the seed inlet pipe 9 is monitored and judged by the displacement sensor displacement signal, and if the position is not at the seed drop opening position, the seed inlet pipe 9 is automatically reset so that the position of the seed inlet pipe 9 corresponds to the seed drop pipe 7 and is at the seed drop opening position.

[0050] Step two, the forward speed V of the seeding and fertilizing machine (i.e. the forward speed of the tractor) is measured by the rotary encoder connected with the seeding and fertilizing machine ground wheel:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, V is the forward speed of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the unit is meter / second; D is the diameter of the ground wheel of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the unit is meter; N is the number of output pulses of the rotary encoder collected in the sampling period; K is the fixed number of output pulses of the rotary encoder when the ground wheel rotates one circle; T is the speed sampling period, the unit is millisecond; and a proper speed sampling period T is selected to ensure the accuracy of the measured forward speed of the seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0053] Step three, the real-time seeding and fertilizing amount S and the real-time rotating speed R of the seed and fertilizer distributor are calculated, and the seed and fertilizer distributor is driven by the driving motor.

[0054] The real-time seeding and fertilizing amount S is:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, S is the real-time seeding and fertilizing amount, the unit is kilogram / second; Q is the preset seeding and fertilizing amount per mu, the unit is kilogram / mu; V is the forward speed of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the unit is meter / second; and H is the working width of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the unit is meter.

[0057] The real-time rotating speed R of the seed and fertilizer distributor is:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, R is the real-time rotating speed of the seed and fertilizer distributor, unit: revolution / second; Q is the preset seed and fertilizer per mu planting amount, unit: kg / mu; V is the forward speed of the seed and fertilizer planter, unit: m / s; H is the working width of the seed and fertilizer planter, unit: m; q is the single-circle discharge amount of the seed and fertilizer distributor, unit: kg / s;

[0060] Step four, comparing the real-time seed and fertilizer planting amount S with the minimum effective planting and fertilizing amount setting threshold A of the seed and fertilizer distributor: when S>A, the position of the seed feeding pipe 9 corresponds to the seed dropping pipe 7 and is at the seed dropping position, at this time, the real-time rotating speed R of the seed and fertilizer distributor is used to control the seed and fertilizer planting amount; when S≤A, the seed and fertilizer distributor is fixed to plant and fertilize with the minimum effective planting and fertilizing amount setting threshold A, the controller controls the linear driving assembly 2 to drive the seed feeding pipe 9 to move towards the backflow pipe 8 by a distance M, and the distance M that the seed feeding pipe 9 moves towards the backflow pipe 8 is:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, M is the distance that the seed feeding pipe 9 moves towards the backflow pipe 8, unit: m; L is the length of the seed feeding pipe 9, unit: m; S is the real-time seed and fertilizer planting amount, unit: kg / s; A is the minimum effective planting and fertilizing amount setting threshold of the seed and fertilizer distributor, unit: kg / s; k is the seed and fertilizer distribution coefficient of the seed dropping port and the backflow port, and the value range is 0-1.

[0063] The target control signal of the embodiment adopts the PID control strategy according to the seed and fertilizer distribution of the seed dropping port and the backflow port, and uses the displacement sensor as a feedback signal, so as to realize closed-loop control.

[0064] The principle and implementation mode of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application; the above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application; meanwhile, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed by the general technical personnel in the field. In conclusion, the content of the present application should not be understood as the limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the application rate of seed fertilizer, characterized in that: A seed and fertilizer application rate adjustment device is adopted, which includes: a drive structure, a seed inlet pipe, a seed drop pipe, a seed return box, and a return pipe. One end of the seed inlet pipe is used to connect to the seed and fertilizer metering device. The drive structure is used to drive the seed inlet pipe to move, so that the other end of the seed inlet pipe can be connected to the seed drop pipe and / or the return pipe. The return pipe is used to connect to the seed return box. The methods for adjusting the amount of seed fertilizer applied include the following steps: Step 1: Align the seed inlet tube with the seed outlet tube, positioning them at the seed outlet position; Step 2: Measure the forward speed of the seeding and fertilizing machine. V ; Step 3: Calculate the real-time application rate of seeds and fertilizers. S Real-time rotation speed of the seed and fertilizer metering device R ; Step 4: Real-time application rate of seed fertilizer S Set a threshold for the minimum effective application rate of the seed and fertilizer metering device. A Comparison: When S > A At this time, the seed inlet tube is positioned corresponding to the seed outlet tube, and is at the seed outlet position. The real-time rotation speed R of the seed and fertilizer metering device is used to control the seeding and fertilization rate. S ≤ A At that time, the seed and fertilizer metering device sets a threshold based on the minimum effective application rate. A Fixed-point application of seed fertilizer, the seed inlet pipe moves a distance towards the return pipe. M ; In step four, the distance the seed tube moves toward the return tube is... M for: In the formula, M The distance the seed inlet tube moves towards the return tube, in meters; L The length of the seed tube is in meters. S This refers to the real-time application rate of fertilizer and seeds, expressed in kilograms per second. A Set a threshold for the minimum effective application rate of the seed and fertilizer metering device, in kg / s; The seed and fertilizer allocation coefficient between the seed inlet and the return inlet has a value range of 0 to 1.

2. The method for adjusting the seed and fertilizer application rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive structure includes a linear drive assembly and a connecting plate. The telescopic end of the linear drive assembly is hinged to the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is used to connect to the seed inlet tube.

3. The method for adjusting the seed and fertilizer application rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sliding seat for connecting to a seeder and fertilizer applicator. The seed inlet pipe, the seed drop pipe, and the return pipe are all mounted on the sliding seat, and the seed inlet pipe is slidably connected to the sliding seat.

4. The method for adjusting the seed and fertilizer application rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding seat is provided with a sliding groove, and a sliding plate is provided in the sliding groove. The sliding plate is slidably connected to the sliding seat, and the seed inlet tube is connected to the sliding plate.

5. The method for adjusting the seed and fertilizer application rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed-dropping tube and the return tube are arranged side by side, and the seed-inlet tube, the seed-dropping tube and the return tube have the same diameter.

6. The method for adjusting the seed and fertilizer application rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the forward speed of the seeder and fertilizer applicator is measured by a rotary encoder connected to the ground wheel. V for: In the formula, V The forward speed of the seeder / fertilizer applicator is expressed in meters per second. D The diameter of the ground wheel is in meters. N This represents the number of rotary encoder output pulses acquired within the sampling period. K The fixed number of pulses output by the rotary encoder for one revolution of the ground wheel; T The sampling period is the velocity, measured in milliseconds.

7. The method for adjusting the seed and fertilizer application rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the real-time application rate of seed fertilizer S for: In the formula, S This refers to the real-time application rate of fertilizer and seeds, expressed in kilograms per second. Q The preset seed and fertilizer application rate is expressed in kilograms per acre. V The forward speed of the seeder / fertilizer applicator is expressed in meters per second. H The width of the working area of ​​the seeding and fertilizing machine is measured in meters.

8. The method for adjusting the seed and fertilizer application rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the real-time rotation speed of the seed and fertilizer metering device... R for: In the formula, R The real-time rotational speed of the seed and fertilizer metering device, expressed in revolutions per second; Q The preset seed and fertilizer application rate is expressed in kilograms per acre. V The forward speed of the seeder / fertilizer applicator is expressed in meters per second. H The working width of the seeding and fertilizing machine is in meters; The discharge rate of the seed and fertilizer metering device per revolution is measured in kilograms per second.

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