Transplanting machine for municipal engineering construction

Abstract

The invention discloses a transplanter for municipal engineering construction, and relates to the technical field of landscaping, the transplanter comprises a vehicle body and a hoisting machine arranged at the tail part of the vehicle body and used for hoisting, and also comprises a self-adaptive adjusting clamping mechanism arranged on the hoisting machine and capable of adjusting the clamping force according to the diameter of a tree, and the diameter of the soil ball is adjusted according to the diameter of the tree. In the tree transplanting process, the transplanting machine can detect the diameter of a tree in the tree clamping process, so that the clamping force is changed according to the diameter of the tree in the actual clamping and hoisting process, the direct proportion relation between the clamping force and the diameter of the tree is guaranteed, and the tree transplanting efficiency is improved. The clamping force is more accurate compared with existing human subjective consciousness, meanwhile, in the soil ball cutting process, the formed soil ball can change in the longitudinal level and the transverse level according to the change of the diameter of the tree, and it is guaranteed that the dug soil ball is more suitable for the size needed by tree transplanting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gardening equipment, and in particular to a transplanting machine used in municipal engineering construction. Background Art

[0002] In the process of landscaping, transplanters are used. Most green plants are cultivated and grown in the garden to a certain extent, and then the construction workers control the transplanting digging machine to dig holes and transplant them to the designated location. Transplanting digging cranes include portable digging machines, tractor-mounted digging machines and vehicle-mounted digging machines. The vehicle-mounted digging machine is installed on the vehicle, has strong mobility, and can quickly reach the work site. It is usually used for urban greening projects, tree transplanting on both sides of the highway, etc., and can meet the digging needs of different locations. The holes dug by the digging machine are of standard size and consistent depth, and the pit walls are smooth, which is conducive to the growth and development of the tree roots. With the help of advanced robotic arms and sensor technology, the intelligent transplanter can automatically identify and grab seedlings and accurately transplant them to the pre-set planting position.

[0003] In the process of transplanting trees using transplanting equipment, trees and soil are often transplanted simultaneously. For this purpose, the trees need to be excavated. However, in the process of transplanting with existing transplanters, the size of the soil ball formed by excavating the soil is constant. In the actual process of manually digging the soil ball, the soil ball excavated at this time should be changed according to the diameter of the tree, so that the diameter of the soil ball and the diameter of the tree are in a certain ratio. However, the existing transplanter cannot change the size of the digging ball diameter according to the diameter of the tree, resulting in a mismatch in the proportional relationship between the soil ball and the tree diameter. At the same time, in the process of transplanting and lifting the trees, the clamping force provided by the clamping arm to the tree depends entirely on the operation of the driver. If the clamping force is too large, when clamping smaller trees, it will cause certain damage to the trunk of the tree. If the clamping force is too small, it cannot be effectively clamped, so it cannot be lifted. The size of the tree is proportional to the diameter of the trunk. The thicker the diameter of the tree, the heavier the corresponding weight. As a result, the current transplanter has relatively large limitations in the process of transplanting. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention aims at the technical problem that the existing technical solutions are too single, and provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technologies. An embodiment of the present invention provides a transplanter for municipal engineering construction to solve the technical problem that the diameter of the soil ball dug by the existing transplanter during the transplanting process cannot change synchronously with the change of the tree diameter, resulting in a mismatch between the soil ball and the tree.

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a transplanter for municipal engineering construction, including a vehicle body and a crane arranged at the rear of the vehicle body for lifting, and also includes an adaptive adjustable clamping mechanism arranged on the crane that can adjust the clamping force according to the diameter of the tree, and an adaptive digging mechanism that adjusts the diameter of the soil ball according to the diameter of the tree.

[0006] Furthermore, the adaptive adjustment clamping mechanism includes a clamping assembly and a detection and adjustment assembly, the clamping assembly includes clamping arms arranged on both sides of the end of a lifting arm in a crane and a first control motor for driving the clamping arms to perform motion clamping, the clamping arms are hollow, the first control motor is arranged above the lifting arm, the clamping arms are connected by a control screw, and the control screw passes through the clamping arm, the control screw and the first control motor are connected by a transmission belt, and a first elastic liquid bag and a second elastic liquid bag are respectively arranged between the two clamping arms and the lifting arm.

[0007] Further, the detection and adjustment component includes an auxiliary clamping block, which is arranged in the clamping arm, and a plurality of connecting blocks are arranged between the auxiliary clamping block and the clamping arm, a pressure detector is arranged between the auxiliary clamping block and the clamping arm, a first hydraulic telescopic rod is arranged on the outer side of the clamping arm on the side where the first elastic liquid bag is located, a matching block is arranged at the movable end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod, the first hydraulic telescopic rod is connected to the first elastic liquid bag through a first connecting pipe, a movable matching electric-controlled telescopic rod is arranged on the outer side of the movable end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod, a matching block is arranged at the movable end of the matching electric-controlled telescopic rod, and the matching electric-controlled telescopic rod and the pressure detector are electrically connected through a controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the adaptive ball digging mechanism includes an extension adjustment component, a ball digging component and a deflection component. The ball digging component includes a first ball digging knife and a second ball digging knife. The first ball digging knife and the second ball digging knife are slidably connected by a T-shaped sliding block, and the second ball digging knife is located above the first ball digging knife. The cross-section of the first ball digging knife and the second ball digging knife is arc-shaped. The first ball digging knife and the second ball digging knife are connected by a sliding block and a sliding groove. A reinforcement chain is provided on the surface of the second ball digging knife. The outer surface of the reinforcement chain is connected to the surface of the second ball digging knife, and one end of the reinforcement chain is connected to the first ball digging knife. The other end of the reinforcement chain is provided with a torsion spring winding wheel.

[0009] Further, the adjustment assembly includes a second connecting seat rotatably connected to the end of the first ball digging knife and a first connecting seat connected to the end of the second ball digging knife, a connecting frame is arranged on the outer side of the second connecting seat, the end of the connecting frame is connected to the sliding frame, the sliding frame is connected to one of the clamping arms, a deflection frame is movably connected to the side of the connecting frame, a second hydraulic telescopic rod and an extended electric telescopic rod are respectively arranged between the deflection frame and the second connecting seat, the second hydraulic telescopic rod and the second elastic liquid bag are connected by a second connecting pipe, the first connecting seat is connected to the second control motor, an electric-controlled moving frame is arranged outside the second control motor, and the electric-controlled moving frame is connected to the bottom of the clamping arm.

[0010] Furthermore, the deflection assembly includes a deflection shaft, the first connecting seat and the second ball digging knife are connected through the deflection shaft, the deflection shaft is connected to the third control motor, an interference block is provided on the outer wall at the end of the deflection shaft, a deflection electric-controlled telescopic rod is provided on the outer side of the deflection shaft, and a limiting block for limiting the interference block is provided at the movable end of the deflection electric-controlled telescopic rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the side walls of the first ball digging knife and the second ball digging knife are tapered, and the first ball digging knife and the second ball digging knife are made of plastic metal material.

[0012] Furthermore, the deflection electrically-controlled telescopic rod is arc-shaped.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: First, the diameter of the tree can be detected and judged by the adaptive adjustment mechanism during the process of lifting the tree. The diameter of the tree can be obtained by the relative displacement of the two clamping arms during use. The weight of the tree is normally proportional to the diameter of the tree, that is, the thicker the tree, the heavier it is. Therefore, the clamping force required during the lifting process is also greater. The clamping force proportional to the weight of the tree can not only avoid the tree from falling off during the clamping process, but also prevent the excessive clamping force from causing irreversible damage to the tree trunk. At the same time, compared with the existing clamping force size through manual judgment, the device can automatically control the clamping force. When the clamping force reaches the appropriate range, a warning will be issued, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation; Secondly, when the trees to be transplanted are to be transplanted, the diameter of the soil ball can be adjusted according to the diameter of the tree through the adaptive digging mechanism, so that the size of the dug soil ball is in direct proportion to the diameter of the tree. In the process of artificial tree transplanting, the manual digging of the soil ball generally refers to the diameter of the tree and appropriately adjusts the size of the soil ball. However, the inner diameter of the digging ring of the existing digging ball transplanter is fixed, resulting in the inability to change the size of the soil ball by mechanical operation like manual operation. For this reason, the present device can adaptively adjust the lateral length of the digging ball assembly after the tree detection is completed. At the same time, after the lateral length adjustment is completed, the longitudinal depth can also be adjusted. If only the lateral adjustment is performed, the digging depth may be insufficient. For this reason, when the adaptive digging ball mechanism changes the digging ball size, it can perform multi-level size changes not only in the longitudinal direction but also in the lateral direction. To sum up, during the process of tree transplanting and clamping, the transplanter can detect the diameter of the tree, so that during the actual clamping and lifting, the clamping force changes according to the diameter of the tree, ensuring that the clamping force is directly proportional to the diameter of the tree. The clamping force is more accurate to operate than the existing human subjective consciousness. At the same time, during the process of digging the soil ball, the formed soil ball will also change in both the longitudinal and lateral levels according to the change in the diameter of the tree, ensuring that the dug soil ball is more suitable for the size required for transplanting the tree. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the crane of the present invention from a first perspective; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crane of the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adaptive ball digging mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deflection axis and the deflection electrically controlled telescopic rod of the present invention; Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing chain structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-adaptive adjustment clamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 1. Car body; 2. Crane; 3. Self-adaptive clamping mechanism; 31. Clamping arm; 301. Auxiliary clamping block; 32. First control motor; 33. Transmission belt; 34. Control screw; 35. First elastic liquid capsule; 36. First connecting pipe; 37. Pressure detector; 38. Coordinated electric telescopic rod; 39. Contact sensing block; 310. Coordinate block; 311. First hydraulic telescopic rod; 4. Self-adaptive ball digging mechanism; 41. Second elastic liquid capsule; 42. Second connecting pipe; 43. The second control motor; 44, the first connecting seat; 45, the second connecting seat; 46, the extended electrically controlled telescopic rod; 47, the sliding frame; 48, the connecting frame; 49, the second hydraulic telescopic rod; 410, the first ball digging knife; 411, the second ball digging knife; 4101, the reinforcing chain; 4102, the torsion spring reel; 412, the third control motor; 413, the deflection electrically controlled telescopic rod; 414, the resistance block; 415, the limiting block; 416, the deflection axis; 417, the electrically controlled moving frame; 418, the deflection frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0018] The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] Combine the following Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transplanter for municipal engineering construction, including a vehicle body 1 and a crane 2 arranged at the rear of the vehicle body 1 for lifting, and also includes an adaptive adjustable clamping mechanism 3 arranged on the crane 2 and capable of adjusting the clamping force according to the diameter of the tree, and an adaptive digging mechanism 4 for adjusting the diameter of the soil ball according to the diameter of the tree.

[0023] Specifically, the adaptive adjustment clamping mechanism 3 includes a clamping component and a detection and adjustment component. The clamping component includes a clamping arm 31 arranged on both sides of the end of the lifting arm in the crane 2 and a first control motor 32 for driving the clamping arm 31 to perform motion clamping. The clamping arm 31 is hollow, and the first control motor 32 is arranged above the lifting arm. The clamping arms 31 are connected by a control screw 34, and the control screw 34 passes through the clamping arm 31. The control screw 34 and the first control motor 32 are connected by a transmission belt 33. A first elastic liquid bag 35 and a second elastic liquid bag 41 are respectively arranged between the two clamping arms 31 and the lifting arm.

[0024] During operation, in the process of use, the thread directions in the clamping arms 31 are opposite, so that when the control screw 34 is rotated, the two clamping arms 31 move relative to each other, thereby achieving the effect of clamping and removing trees.

[0025] Specifically, the detection and adjustment component includes an auxiliary clamping block 301, which is arranged in the clamping arm 31, and a plurality of connecting blocks are arranged between the auxiliary clamping block 301 and the clamping arm 31, a pressure detector 37 is arranged between the auxiliary clamping block 301 and the clamping arm 31, a first hydraulic telescopic rod 311 is arranged on the outer side of the clamping arm 31 on the side where the first elastic liquid bag 35 is located, a matching block 310 is arranged on the movable end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 311, the first hydraulic telescopic rod 311 is connected to the first elastic liquid bag 35 through a first connecting pipe 36, a movable matching electric-controlled telescopic rod 38 is arranged on the outer side of the movable end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 311, a matching block 310 is arranged on the movable end of the matching electric-controlled telescopic rod 38, and the matching electric-controlled telescopic rod 38 and the pressure detector 37 are electrically connected through a controller.

[0026] During operation, when the position of the clamping arm 31 changes, the position of the movable end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 311 will change, and the internal pressure detector 37 will clamp the reaction force provided by the auxiliary clamping block 301 in the process of tree clamping in real time, so as to judge the clamping condition of the tree. The pressure detector 37 transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller sends it to the matching telescopic rod to move its movable end. When the contact sensing block 39 contacts the matching block 310, it means that the clamping pressure is relatively suitable for the size of the tree.

[0027] Specifically, the adaptive ball digging mechanism 4 includes an extension adjustment component, a ball digging component and a deflection component. The ball digging component includes a first ball digging knife 410 and a second ball digging knife 411. The first ball digging knife 410 and the second ball digging knife 411 are slidably connected by a T-shaped sliding block, and the second ball digging knife 411 is located above the first ball digging knife 410. The cross-section of the first ball digging knife 410 and the second ball digging knife 411 is arc-shaped. The first ball digging knife 410 and the second ball digging knife 411 are connected by a sliding block and a sliding groove. The surface of the second ball digging knife 411 is provided with a reinforcement chain 4101, and a part of the outer surface of the reinforcement chain 4101 is connected to the surface of the second ball digging knife 411, and one end of the reinforcement chain 4101 is connected to the first ball digging knife 410, and the other end of the reinforcement chain 4101 is provided with a torsion spring winding wheel 4102.

[0028] When working, although both ball digging knives are arc-shaped, if only one ball digging knife is set, its inner diameter cannot be changed. However, by using two ball digging knives in a superimposed manner, it can be adjusted more conveniently while ensuring that the whole is arc-shaped. At the same time, its depth can also be adjusted. At this time, it is necessary to consider that when some soils are hard, it may be impossible to complete the digging by using two metal knives that can have a certain deformation ability. For this reason, the digging ability of the metal knife is strengthened by adding an additional reinforcement chain 4101 and a torsion spring tightening wheel on its surface. The deflectable direction of the reinforcement chain 4101 is different from the digging direction (for example, assuming that the digging is in the left and right direction, the deflection direction of the reinforcement chain 4101 is opposite to the up and down direction. This direction can ensure that the reinforcement chain 4101 can change with the digging knife), so it will not affect the digging and improve the digging ability. The digging knife with plastic deformation ability ensures that when one of the digging knives moves, the existence of the other digging knife will not interfere.

[0029] Specifically, the adjustment assembly includes a second connecting seat 45 rotatably connected to the end of the first ball digging knife 410 and a first connecting seat 44 connected to the end of the second ball digging knife 411, a connecting frame 48 is arranged on the outer side of the second connecting seat 45, the end of the connecting frame 48 is connected to the sliding frame 47, the sliding frame 47 is connected to one of the clamping arms 31, and a deflection frame 418 is movably connected to the side of the connecting frame 48, and a second hydraulic telescopic rod 49 and an extended electric telescopic rod 46 are respectively arranged between the deflection frame 418 and the second connecting seat 45, while the second hydraulic telescopic rod 49 is not directly connected to the second connecting seat 45, and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 49 and the second elastic liquid bag 41 are connected through a second connecting pipe 42, the first connecting seat 44 is connected to the second control motor 43, and an electric-controlled moving frame 417 is arranged outside the second control motor 43, and the electric-controlled moving frame 417 is connected to the bottom of the clamping arm 31.

[0030] Specifically, the deflection assembly includes a deflection shaft 416, the first connecting seat 44 and the second ball digging knife 411 are connected through the deflection shaft 416, the deflection shaft 416 is connected to the third control motor 412, the outer wall at the end of the deflection shaft 416 is provided with a resistance block 414, the outer side of the deflection shaft 416 is provided with a deflection electric-controlled telescopic rod 413, and the movable end of the deflection electric-controlled telescopic rod 413 is provided with a limiting block 415 for limiting the resistance block 414.

[0031] Specifically, the side walls of the first ball digging knife 410, the second ball digging knife 411 and the reinforcing chain 4101 are tapered, and the reinforcing chain 4101 and the second ball digging knife 411 are slidably connected on the surface, and the first ball digging knife 410 and the second ball digging knife 411 are made of plastic metal.

[0032] During operation, since the side walls of the first ball digging knife 410 and the second ball digging knife 411 are tapered, the side walls actually come into contact with the soil first during the digging process. Therefore, the side walls are tapered to facilitate digging. At the same time, since the ball digging knife is made of plastic metal, it is ensured that it can change its state.

[0033] Specifically, the deflection electrically-controlled telescopic rod 413 is arc-shaped.

[0034] During operation, since it is arc-shaped and the deflection axis 416 is circular, the deflection electrically controlled telescopic rod 413 can adapt to the deflection axis 416, so that better adjustment can be performed.

[0035] Working principle: First, the lifting device is moved to the side of the tree to be transplanted by driving the vehicle body 1, and then the clamping arm 31 is controlled by the crane 2. In the initial stage, the clamping arm 31 is in the maximum open state. At the same time, the first ball digging knife 410 and the second ball digging knife 411 are located under one of the clamping arms 31 under the action of the electric control moving frame 417, so as to prevent the existence of the ball digging knife from affecting the insertion of the clamping arm 31 into the two sides of the tree. At this time, the first control motor 32 is started by the controller, and the output end of the first control motor 32 rotates to drive the control screw 34 to rotate through the transmission belt 33, and the control screw The rod 34 rotates to drive the two clamping arms 31 to move inward until the clamping arms 31 initially clamp the tree. At this time, the gap between the clamping arms 31, that is, the diameter of the tree, can be obtained by detecting the moving position of the clamping arms 31. During the movement of the clamping arms 31, the first elastic liquid capsule 35 and the second elastic liquid capsule 41 arranged therein are squeezed (the first elastic liquid capsule 35 and the second elastic liquid capsule 41 are described separately at this time). After the first elastic liquid capsule 35 is squeezed, the liquid in the first elastic liquid capsule 35 enters the first hydraulic telescopic rod 311 through the first connecting pipe 36, so that the first hydraulic The movable end of the telescopic rod 311 drives the matching block 310 to move, and the greater the amount of entry, the smaller the diameter of the tree, and the smaller the clamping force required for this purpose. In the process of clamping, the increase in the clamping block is actually static pressure, and the static pressure applied by the auxiliary support block to the tree can be determined by the pressure detector 37. The pressure detector 37 sends a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the matching electric control telescopic rod 38, so that the movable end of the matching electric control telescopic rod 38 drives the contact sensing block 39 to move until the contact sensing block 39 and the matching block 310 are aligned, indicating that the clamping force is adjusted to an appropriate level at this time. Range (in the process of use, the gap between the contact sensing block 39 and the matching block 310 is maximized. When the first elastic liquid capsule 35 is squeezed through the first hydraulic telescopic rod 311 to drive the matching block 310 to move, the greater the squeezing amount, the greater the movement amount, that is, the smaller the gap between the matching block 310 and the contact sensing block 39 is. Similarly, the more the first elastic liquid capsule 35 is squeezed, the smaller the tree is, and the smaller the gap between the matching block 310 and the contact sensing block 39 is, the smaller the clamping force provided to the tree by the auxiliary clamping block 301 is, so as to maintain a suitable clamping force); When the second elastic liquid capsule 41 is squeezed, the liquid enters the second hydraulic telescopic rod 49 through the second connecting pipe 42, so that the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod drives the contact block at the end to move, and the movement amount of the contact block is the final movement amount of the extended electric telescopic rod 46. When in use, the extended electric telescopic rod 46 is also at the maximum range, and then the retraction movement amount of the extended electric telescopic rod 46 is controlled by the contact block at the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (the more the second squeezing liquid capsule squeezes, the smaller the tree is, and the smaller the soil ball to be dug is, so the extended electric telescopic rod 46 is moved). The more the movable end of the rod 46 is extended, the smaller the cavity volume formed by the first ball digging knife 410 and the second ball digging knife 411 is). When the movable end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 49 is determined, the electric control moving frame 417 is controlled at this time, so that the adaptive ball digging mechanism 4 is located in front of the tree, and then the electric control telescopic rod is started, and the electric control telescopic rod is extended. Since the first ball digging knife 410 is connected to the electric control telescopic rod through the second connecting seat 45, the movement of the electric telescopic rod at this time will drive the first ball digging knife 410 to move, so that the first ball digging knife 410 and the second ball digging knife The overlap of 411 increases, thereby reducing the size of the digging ball, until the control contactor on the extended electric telescopic rod 413 contacts the movable end block of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 49, at which time the extended electric telescopic rod 413 stops moving. When the first digging knife moves, it indicates that the tension of the reinforcing chain 4101 changes. For this reason, the torsion spring winding wheel 4102 arranged at the end of the reinforcing chain 4101 tightens the loose reinforcing chain 4101, so that the reinforcing chain 4101 can always be used in conjunction. At this time, when the size of the digging ball changes, the depth also needs to be changed. When the retracting rod 413 moves, the deflection electric telescopic rod 413 is also synchronously controlled to move, so that the extension electric telescopic rod 413 drives the resistance block 414 at the movable end to move, thereby reducing the gap between the resistance block 414 and the limiting block 415. At this time, the third control motor 412 starts to drive the deflection shaft 416 to rotate, and the rotation of the deflection shaft 416 drives the second ball digging knife 411 to deflect, thereby changing its ball digging depth. Similarly, the tensioning wheel set on the second ball digging knife 411 will also be synchronously extended or contracted, and the size and depth of the digging ball can be achieved at this time. During the process of tree transplanting and tree clamping, the transplanter 2 can detect the diameter of the tree, so that during the actual clamping and lifting, the clamping force varies according to the diameter of the tree, ensuring that the clamping force is directly proportional to the diameter of the tree. The clamping force is more accurate to operate than the existing human subjective consciousness. At the same time, during the process of digging the soil ball, the formed soil ball will also change in both the longitudinal and lateral levels according to the change in the diameter of the tree, ensuring that the dug soil ball is more suitable for the size required for transplanting the tree.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transplanter for municipal engineering construction, comprising a vehicle body (1) and a hoist (2) arranged at the rear of the vehicle body (1) for hoisting, characterized in that; It also includes an adaptively adjustable clamping mechanism (3) arranged on the crane (2) and capable of adjusting the clamping force according to the diameter of the tree, and an adaptively adjustable ball digging mechanism (4) capable of adjusting the diameter of the soil ball according to the diameter of the tree.

2. A transplanter for municipal engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The self-adaptive adjustment clamping mechanism (3) comprises a clamping component and a detection and adjustment component. The clamping component comprises clamping arms (31) arranged at both sides of the end of a lifting arm in a crane (2) and a first control motor (32) for driving the clamping arms (31) to perform motion clamping. The clamping arms (31) are hollow. The first control motor (32) is arranged above the lifting arms. The clamping arms (31) are connected by a control screw (34), and the control screw (34) passes through the clamping arms (31). The control screw (34) and the first control motor (32) are connected by a transmission belt (33). A first elastic liquid bag (35) and a second elastic liquid bag (41) are respectively arranged between the two clamping arms (31) and the lifting arms.

3. A transplanter for municipal engineering construction according to claim 2, characterized in that; The detection and adjustment component comprises an auxiliary clamping block (301) and a matching electric-controlled telescopic rod (38); the auxiliary clamping block (301) is arranged in the clamping arm (31); a plurality of connecting blocks are arranged between the auxiliary clamping block (301) and the clamping arm (31); a pressure detector (37) is arranged between the auxiliary clamping block (301) and the clamping arm (31); a first hydraulic telescopic rod (311) is arranged outside the clamping arm (31) on the side where the first elastic liquid capsule (35) is located; a matching block (310) is arranged at a movable end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod (311); the first hydraulic telescopic rod (311) is connected to the first elastic liquid capsule (35) via a first connecting pipe (36); a movable matching electric-controlled telescopic rod (38) is arranged outside the movable end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod (311); a matching block (310) is arranged at the movable end of the matching electric-controlled telescopic rod (38); and the matching electric-controlled telescopic rod (38) and the pressure detector (37) are electrically connected via a controller.

4. A transplanter for municipal engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The adaptive ball digging mechanism (4) comprises an extension adjustment component, a ball digging component and a deflection component. The ball digging component comprises a first ball digging knife (410) and a second ball digging knife (411). The first ball digging knife (410) and the second ball digging knife (411) are slidably connected via a T-shaped sliding block, and the second ball digging knife (411) is located above the first ball digging knife (410). The first ball digging knife (410) and the second ball digging knife (411) have arc-shaped cross-sections. The first ball digging knife (410) and the second ball digging knife (411) are connected via a sliding block and a sliding groove. A reinforcing chain (4101) is provided on the surface of the second ball digging knife (411). Part of the outer surface of the reinforcing chain (4101) is connected to the surface of the second ball digging knife (411), and one end of the reinforcing chain (4101) is connected to the first ball digging knife (410). The other end of the reinforcing chain (4101) is provided with a torsion spring winding wheel (4102).

5. A transplanter for municipal engineering construction according to claim 4, characterized in that; The adjustment assembly comprises a second connection seat (45) rotatably connected to the end of the first ball digging knife (410) and a first connection seat (44) connected to the end of the second ball digging knife (411); a connection frame (48) is arranged outside the second connection seat (45); the end of the connection frame (48) is connected to a sliding frame (47); the sliding frame (47) is connected to one of the clamping arms (31); a deflection frame (418) is movably connected to the side of the connection frame (48); a second hydraulic telescopic rod (49) and an extended electric telescopic rod (46) are arranged between the deflection frame (418) and the second connection seat (45), respectively; the second hydraulic telescopic rod (49) and the second elastic liquid bag (41) are connected via a second connection pipe (42); the first connection seat (44) is connected to a second control motor (43); an electric control movable frame (417) is arranged outside the second control motor (43); the electric control movable frame (417) is connected to the bottom of the clamping arm (31).

6. A transplanter for municipal engineering construction according to claim 4, characterized in that; The deflection assembly comprises a deflection shaft (416) and a first connecting seat (44); the first connecting seat (44) is connected to the second ball digging knife (411) via the deflection shaft (416); the deflection shaft (416) is connected to a third control motor (412); an abutment block (414) is arranged on the outer wall of the end of the deflection shaft (416); a deflection electrically controlled telescopic rod (413) is arranged on the outer side of the deflection shaft (416); and a limiting block (415) for limiting the abutment block (414) is arranged at the movable end of the deflection electrically controlled telescopic rod (413).

7. A transplanter for municipal engineering construction according to claim 4, characterized in that; The side walls of the first ball digging knife (410) and the second ball digging knife (411) are tapered, and the first ball digging knife (410) and the second ball digging knife (411) are made of plastic metal material.

8. A transplanter for municipal engineering construction according to claim 6, characterized in that; The deflection electrically controlled telescopic rod (413) is arc-shaped.

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