Multi-wire consumable electrode-non-consumable electrode electric arc additive manufacturing device and method

Through the multi-filament melting electrode-non-melting electrode arc additive manufacturing technology, the problem of overheating of the deposition layer caused by welding arc is solved, lower heat input and higher deposition efficiency are achieved, and the mechanical properties and tissue uniformity of the additive parts are improved.

CN119839403APending Publication Date: 2025-04-18CHONGQING UNIV OF TECH
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202510210942.0
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-02-25
Publication Date
2025-04-18

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In the existing arc additive manufacturing technology, excessive heating of the welded arc on the deposited layer leads to excessive heat input, resulting in the coarse columnar crystal structure and mechanical properties of the deposited layer, affecting the quality of the additive manufacturing parts.

Method used

Arc additive manufacturing device and method using a multi-filament melting electrode-non-melting electrode, the heat input to the deposition layer is reduced through the co-melting and deposition of multiple wire materials, and the arc is ignited through the non-melting electrode to control the heat exchange between the arc and the wire material.

Benefits of technology

The heat input and heat accumulation of the deposited layer are significantly reduced, excessive heating of the deposited layer is avoided, the mechanical properties and tissue uniformity of the additive parts are improved, and the deposition rate and productivity are improved.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric arc additive manufacturing, and discloses a multi-wire consumable electrode-non-consumable electrode electric arc additive manufacturing device and method. The device comprises a gun body and a multi-wire fixing mechanism; the gun body comprises an upper body, a lower body, a rear cover, an electrode clamping mechanism, a fastening mechanism, a non-consumable electrode, a nozzle and an air screen, the upper body is in threaded connection with the rear cover, the non-consumable electrode is connected with the electrode clamping mechanism and fixed through the fastening mechanism, the upper body is connected with an air inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is made of red copper and surrounds the fastening mechanism; the bottom of the upper body is fixedly connected with a lower body, the lower body is connected with a multi-wire fixing mechanism, and when the other electrode of the power supply is connected, the electric arc burns between the non-melting electrode and the wires to form molten drops for additive manufacturing. The method can remarkably reduce heat input and heat accumulation of the deposition layer, improve the mechanical property of the component, multiply increase the deposition rate and improve the efficiency.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of arc additive manufacturing, and in particular to an arc additive manufacturing device and method of a multi-wire melting electrode-non-melting electrode. Background Art

[0002] Arc additive manufacturing technology is an additive manufacturing method that uses electric arc as a heat source to melt wire and deposits it layer by layer along a pre-set trajectory to manufacture the desired product. It has many advantages such as high deposition rate, low production cost, high material utilization rate and flexible parameter adjustment. Compared with additive manufacturing methods such as powder bed deposition and direct energy deposition that use high-energy beams such as lasers or electron beams as heat sources and use powder as raw materials, it has obvious advantages in manufacturing large and medium-sized components.

[0003] However, the following problems still exist: the commonly used arc additive manufacturing methods are based on traditional welding arcs, generally including metal inert gas / metal active gas (MIG / MAG) arcs and non-melting arcs, the latter including TIG arc (Tungsten inert gas arc) and PA (Plasma Arc), etc. Since these are arc heat sources used for welding, they are directly used as heat sources for additive manufacturing. In addition to heating the wire, the arc and (or) molten droplets will inevitably overheat the substrate and the deposited layer, resulting in excessive heat input during the deposition process; and due to layer-by-layer deposition, this excessive heat input will further accumulate, resulting in the appearance of coarse columnar crystal structure growing along the construction direction in the additively manufactured parts, thereby forming various anisotropies in microstructure and mechanical properties, becoming one of the key factors restricting the quality of additively manufactured parts.

[0004] In order to reduce heat input, the methods currently used include cold metal transfer (CMT) technology, hot wire-TIG arc, pulsed TIG arc, pulsed MIG / MAG arc, indirect arc and bypass arc, etc. Another idea is to use multi-wire melting deposition, such as double-wire MIG arc, cold wire + CMT method, double-wire TIG arc, etc. From the perspective of the metal melted per unit heat, the melting amount is increased, which is equivalent to reducing the heat input in the deposition process. These methods have reduced the heat input of the deposition process to varying degrees and improved the mechanical properties of the additive parts. However, since these methods directly use the welding arc, there is always a considerable amount of arc heat acting on the deposited layer, which cannot completely avoid overheating of the deposited layer.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention provides an arc additive manufacturing device and method for a multi-wire melting electrode-non-melting electrode. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an arc additive manufacturing device and method with a multi-wire melting electrode-non-melting electrode, which can completely avoid excessive heating of the deposited layer; at the same time, due to the use of multiple wires, the melting efficiency of the wires and the deposition efficiency of the additive are significantly improved, so that the advantages of the arc additive manufacturing method can be further exerted, and the problems raised in the background technology that excessive heating of the deposited layer by the arc and (or molten droplets) cannot be completely avoided and the cost of the equipment is also increased to varying degrees are solved.

[0007] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: an arc additive manufacturing device with multiple wire melting poles and non-melting poles, comprising a gun body and a multiple wire fixing mechanism;

[0008] The gun body includes: an upper body, a lower body, a rear cover, an electrode clamping mechanism, a fastening mechanism, a non-melting electrode, a nozzle, and a gas screen;

[0009] The multi-wire fixing mechanism comprises: a positioning mechanism, a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1, a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2, a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3 and a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4, a fastening bolt 1, a fastening bolt 2, a fastening bolt 3 and a fastening bolt 4, a conductive mechanism 1, a conductive mechanism 2, a conductive mechanism 3 and a conductive mechanism 4, a wire guide nozzle 1, a wire guide nozzle 2, a wire guide nozzle 3 and a wire guide nozzle 4, a wire guide nozzle clamping device 1, a wire guide nozzle clamping device 2, a wire guide nozzle clamping device 3 and a wire guide nozzle clamping device 4 and a wire material 1, a wire material 2, a wire material 3 and a wire material 4;

[0010] A back cover is installed at the upper end of the upper body, and the back cover is connected to the electrode clamping mechanism, and the electrode clamping mechanism is connected to the fastening mechanism, and a non-melting electrode is installed inside the fastening mechanism, and the upper body is connected to the air inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is made of copper, surrounds the fastening mechanism, and is connected to the power supply, the bottom of the upper body is fixedly connected to the lower body, and an air screen is installed at the connection between the lower body and the nozzle, and the lower body is threadedly connected to the nozzle, and a limiting groove is processed on the surface of the lower body, and a positioning mechanism is installed, and an insulating pad is provided on the outer surface of the positioning mechanism, and the outer surface of the insulating pad fits the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1, the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2, the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3 and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4, and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1 and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2 are respectively threadedly connected with a fastening bolt 1 and a fastening bolt 2, and the fastening bolt 1 and the fastening bolt 2 are threadedly connected to the lower body and the positioning mechanism, and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3 and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4 are respectively threadedly connected to the inner parts. The threaded connection is provided with a fastening bolt three and a fastening bolt four, and the fastening bolt three and the fastening bolt four are threadedly connected with the lower body and the positioning mechanism, the fastening bolt one, the fastening bolt two, the fastening bolt three and the fastening bolt four are made of electrical insulating materials, and the bottom ends of the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism one, the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism two, the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism three and the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism four are respectively fixedly installed with a conductive mechanism one, a conductive mechanism two, a conductive mechanism three and a conductive mechanism four, and the conductive mechanism one, the conductive mechanism two, the conductive mechanism three and the conductive mechanism four The bottom of the electric mechanism three and the conductive mechanism four are fixedly installed with a wire guide nozzle clamping device one, a wire guide nozzle clamping device two, a wire guide nozzle clamping device three and a wire guide nozzle clamping device four, and the internal threads of the wire guide nozzle clamping device one, the wire guide nozzle clamping device two, the wire guide nozzle clamping device three and the wire guide nozzle clamping device four are connected with the wire guide nozzle one, the wire guide nozzle two, the wire guide nozzle three and the wire guide nozzle four, and the wire guide nozzle one, the wire guide nozzle two, the wire guide nozzle three and the wire guide nozzle four are respectively passed through the wire material one, the wire material two, the wire material three and the wire material four.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning mechanism is fastened by fastening device one and fastening device two.

[0012] Preferably, the wire guide nozzle 1, the wire guide nozzle 2, the wire guide nozzle 3 and the wire guide nozzle 4 are rotationally symmetrically distributed and spaced 90° apart.

[0013] Preferably, the non-melting electrode is processed into a shape of multiple tips to ignite the arc and make the arc burn stably between the non-melting electrode tip and the wire. The number of tips is equal to the number of wires, and the main component of the non-melting electrode material is tungsten.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the melting electrodes may be one of 2, 3 and 4 wires.

[0015] Preferably, the shielding gas enters the gun body through the air inlet, becomes laminar flow after passing through the air screen, and flows out from the nozzle to play a protective role. The nozzle is outward-expanding and completely covers the wire end and the arc area formed by the non-melting electrode.

[0016] Preferably, the axes of the wire guide nozzles 1, 2, 3 and 4 intersect at one point and are located about 3 to 8 mm below the non-melting electrode.

[0017] Preferably, when the power source is direct current, the non-melting electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the power source, and the wire is connected to the positive electrode of the power source; if the power source is alternating current, there is no need to distinguish. An arc is generated between the non-melting electrode and the plurality of wires, and the wires melt under the action of the electrode heat, and after forming a molten droplet, it transitions to the molten pool under the action of electromagnetic force and gravity.

[0018] An arc additive manufacturing method of a multi-wire melting electrode-non-melting electrode, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) Substrate processing: Select a suitable material as the substrate, clean the upper surface of the substrate and expose the metallic luster;

[0020] (2) Fixing device: install the substrate on the workbench, fix the device above the substrate, and keep the tip of the non-melting electrode about 3 to 8 mm away from the upper surface of the substrate. Pass the wire through the wire guide device and adjust its position close to the non-melting electrode.

[0021] (3) Substrate preheating: The substrate is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the arc current is set to 500-150A, the distance between the non-melting electrode and the substrate is 3-6mm, the argon flow rate is 10-15L / min, the substrate travel speed is 50-200mm / min, and the burning arc is used to preheat the substrate;

[0022] (4) The wire is connected to one pole of the welding power source;

[0023] (5) Set the arc current to 50-600A, adjust the wire feeding speed of each wire feeder to 0.5-8m / min, set the argon gas flow rate to 15-25L / min, the substrate travel speed to 100-500mm / min, and the distance from the non-melting electrode to the substrate to 5-10mm;

[0024] (6) Select the power supply mode as DC or AC according to the wire material used;

[0025] (7) Ignite the arc, start the wire feeding mechanism to feed the wire, and after the molten droplet is transferred to the substrate, the substrate starts to move with the workbench and stops at the set position, completing the first layer deposition;

[0026] (8) After the first layer is deposited and cooled, the substrate returns to the starting position and the appropriate interlayer temperature is controlled;

[0027] (9) Start deposition of the next layer and repeat (8);

[0028] (10) After reaching the set deposition size, stop feeding the wire, extinguish the arc and stop the gas.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. Significantly reduce the heat input and heat accumulation of the deposited layer, so that the heat of the deposited layer comes almost entirely from the molten droplets, thereby avoiding excessive heating of the deposited layer, significantly inhibiting the growth of columnar crystals, improving the anisotropy of the additive structure, and enhancing its mechanical properties;

[0031] 2. Due to the use of multiple wires, the deposition rate and productivity of arc additive manufacturing wire can be doubled, so that the advantages of arc additive manufacturing can be further exerted;

[0032] 3. This method is not limited by the type of metal materials. It can be used not only for ferrous metals such as steel, but also for non-ferrous metals such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys, as well as high-temperature alloys. It is suitable for many materials. For non-ferrous metals, AC (sine, square wave, triangle, etc.) arc can be selected, and other materials can be applied in the form of DC and pulse, that is, according to the different materials of the wire, flexible selection is possible;

[0033] 4. The present invention can be used not only for additive manufacturing of a single material, but also for additive manufacturing and development of a variety of new materials, such as gradient materials, bimetallic materials, multimetallic materials, medium-entropy alloys and high-entropy alloys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wire clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the non-melting electrode structure used in the four-wire method of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1, rear cover; 2, electrode clamping mechanism; 3, fastening mechanism; 4, upper body; 5, non-melting electrode; 6, lower body; 7, air inlet pipe; 8, water outlet pipe; 9, water inlet pipe; 10, positioning mechanism; 11-1, wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1; 11-2, wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2; 11-3, wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3; 11-4, wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4; 12-1, fastening bolt 1; 12-2, fastening bolt 2; 12-3, fastening bolt 3; 12-4, fastening bolt 4; 13, nozzle; 14, air screen; 15-1, conductive machine Structure one; 15-2, conductive structure two; 15-3, conductive structure three; 15-4, conductive structure four; 16-1, wire guide nozzle one; 16-2, wire guide nozzle two; 16-3, wire guide nozzle three; 16-4, wire guide nozzle four; 17-1, wire guide nozzle clamping device one; 17-2, wire guide nozzle clamping device two; 17-3, wire guide nozzle clamping device three; 17-4, wire guide nozzle clamping device four; 18-1, wire material one; 18-2, wire material two; 18-3, wire material three; 18-4, wire material four; 19-1, fastening device one; 19-2, fastening device two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 1-3 , an arc additive manufacturing device with a multi-wire melting electrode and a non-melting electrode, comprising a gun body and a multi-wire fixing mechanism;

[0040] The gun body includes: an upper body 4, a lower body 6, a rear cover 1, an electrode clamping mechanism 2, a fastening mechanism 3, a non-melting electrode 5, a nozzle 13, and a gas screen 14;

[0041] The multi-wire fixing mechanism includes: a positioning mechanism 10, a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1 11-1, a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2 11-2, a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3 11-3 and a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4 11-4, a fastening bolt 12-1, a fastening bolt 2 12-2, a fastening bolt 3 12-3 and a fastening bolt 4 12-4, a conductive mechanism 1 15-1, a conductive mechanism 2 15-2, a conductive mechanism 3 15-3 and a conductive mechanism 4 15-4, a wire guide nozzle 1 16-1, a wire guide nozzle 2 16-2, a wire guide nozzle 3 16-3 and a wire guide nozzle 4 16-4, a wire guide nozzle clamping device 1 17-1, a wire guide nozzle clamping device 2 17-2, a wire guide nozzle clamping device 3 17-3 and a wire guide nozzle clamping device 4 17-4 and a wire 1 18-1, a wire 2 18-2, a wire 3 18-3 and a wire 4 18-4;

[0042] The upper end of the upper body 4 is equipped with a back cover 1, the back cover 1 is connected to the electrode clamping mechanism 2, the electrode clamping mechanism 2 is connected to the fastening mechanism 3, a non-melting electrode 5 is installed inside the fastening mechanism 3, the upper body 4 is connected to the air inlet pipe 7, the water outlet pipe 8 and the water inlet pipe 9, the water inlet pipe 9 is copper, surrounds the fastening mechanism 3, and is connected to the power supply, the bottom of the upper body 4 is fixedly connected to the lower body 6, the lower body 6 and the nozzle The connection is equipped with an air screen 14, the lower body 6 is threadedly connected to the nozzle 13, the surface of the lower body 6 is processed with a limiting groove, and a positioning mechanism 10 is installed. The outer surface of the positioning mechanism 10 is provided with an insulating pad, and the outer surface of the insulating pad fits the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 11-1, the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2 11-2, the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3 11-3 and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4 11 -4, the interiors of the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1 11-1 and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2 11-2 are respectively threadedly connected with a fastening bolt 12-1 and a fastening bolt 2 12-2, and the fastening bolt 12-1 and the fastening bolt 2 12-2 are threadedly connected with the lower body 6 and the positioning mechanism 10, the interiors of the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3 11-3 and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4 11-4 are respectively threadedly connected with a fastening bolt 3 12-3 and a fastening bolt 4 12-4, and the fastening bolt 3 12-3 and the fastening bolt 4 12-4 are threadedly connected with the lower body 6 and the positioning mechanism 10, the fastening bolt 12-1, the fastening bolt 2 12-2, the fastening bolt 3 12-3 and the fastening bolt 4 12-4 are made of electrical insulating materials, the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1 11-1, the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4 The bottom ends of the mechanism 2 11-2, the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism 3 11-3 and the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism 4 11-4 are respectively fixedly installed with the conductive mechanism 1 15-1, the conductive mechanism 2 15-2, the conductive mechanism 3 15-3 and the conductive mechanism 4 15-4, and the bottoms of the conductive mechanism 1 15-1, the conductive mechanism 2 15-2, the conductive mechanism 3 15-3 and the conductive mechanism 4 15-4 are fixedly installed with the guide wire nozzle clamping device 1 17-1, the guide wire nozzle clamping device 2 17-2, the guide wire nozzle clamping device 3 17-3 and the guide wire nozzle clamping device 4 17-4, and the internal threads of the guide wire nozzle clamping device 1 17-1, the guide wire nozzle clamping device 2 17-2, the guide wire nozzle clamping device 3 17-3 and the guide wire nozzle clamping device 4 17-4 are connected with the guide wire nozzle 1 16-1 , wire guide nozzle 2 16-2, wire guide nozzle 3 16-3 and wire guide nozzle 4 16-4, wire guide nozzle 1 16-1, wire guide nozzle 2 16-2, wire guide nozzle 3 16-3 and wire guide nozzle 4 16-4 are respectively passed through wire 1 18-1, wire 2 18-2, wire 3 18-3 and wire 4 18-4, the non-melting electrode is processed into a shape of multiple tips to ignite the arc and make the arc burn stably between the tip and the wire, the number of tips is equal to the number of wires, the main component of the non-melting electrode material is tungsten, and multiple wires are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, the angle between two adjacent wires is 360° / n, n=2~6, which is the number of wires, and is fed from the wire guide device to form a certain angle with the non-melting electrode and be 3~5mm away from the tip of the non-melting electrode,The non-melting electrode is processed into a shape of multiple tips to ignite the arc. The number of tips is equal to the number of wires. The non-melting electrode is fixed by a clamping mechanism. There is a fastening mechanism on the periphery of the clamping mechanism to clamp the non-melting electrode. The clamping mechanism is connected to the arc power supply through a circuit interface. The circuit is composed of a copper tube. The internal circulating water surrounds the non-melting electrode clamp to form a loop, forming a water-electricity integrated device. The shielding gas enters the body from the air inlet, becomes a laminar flow after passing through the air screen, and flows out from the nozzle to play a protective role. The nozzle is an outward expansion type, which completely covers the arc area formed by the wire end and the non-melting electrode. The wire clamping mechanism is fixed on the outside of the body, and the wire guide nozzle is fixed by the clamping mechanism so that the axes of each wire guide nozzle intersect at one point and are located about 3 to 8 mm below the non-melting electrode. The wire guide nozzle is made of red copper. If the power supply is DC, the non-melting electrode is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the wire is connected to the positive pole of the power supply; if the power supply is AC, there is no need to distinguish. The arc is generated between the non-melting electrode and multiple wires. The wires melt under the action of the anode heat, and after the molten droplets are formed, they transition to the molten pool under the action of electromagnetic force and gravity.

[0043] Among them, the positioning mechanism 10 is fastened by a fastening device 19-1 and a fastening device 2 19-2.

[0044] Among them, the wire guide nozzle 1 16-1, the wire guide nozzle 2 16-2, the wire guide nozzle 3 16-3 and the wire guide nozzle 4 16-4 are rotationally symmetrically distributed and are spaced 90 degrees apart.

[0045] The non-melting electrode 5 is processed into a shape of multiple tips to ignite the arc and make the arc burn stably between the non-melting electrode tip and the wire. The number of tips is equal to the number of wires. The main component of the non-melting electrode material is tungsten.

[0046] The number of wires may be 4, 2 or 3.

[0047] The shielding gas enters the gun body through the air inlet 7, becomes laminar flow after passing through the air screen 14, and flows out from the nozzle 13 to play a protective role. The nozzle 13 is an outward expansion type, which completely covers the arc area formed by the wire end and the non-melting electrode.

[0048] Among them, the axes of the wire guide nozzle 1 16 - 1 , the wire guide nozzle 2 16 - 2 , the wire guide nozzle 3 16 - 3 and the wire guide nozzle 4 16 - 4 intersect at one point and are located about 3 to 8 mm below the non-melting electrode 15 .

[0049] When the power supply is DC, the non-melting electrode 5 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the wire is connected to the positive pole of the power supply; if the power supply is AC, there is no need to distinguish. An arc is generated between the non-melting electrode and the plurality of wires, and the wires melt under the action of the electrode heat, and after forming a molten droplet, it transitions to the molten pool under the action of electromagnetic force and gravity.

[0050] An arc additive manufacturing method of a multi-wire melting electrode-non-melting electrode comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) Substrate processing: Select a suitable material as the substrate, clean the upper surface of the substrate and expose the metallic luster;

[0052] (2) Fixing device: install the substrate on the workbench, fix the device above the substrate, and keep the tip of the non-melting electrode about 3 to 8 mm away from the upper surface of the substrate. Pass the wire through the wire guide device and adjust its position close to the non-melting electrode.

[0053] (3) Substrate preheating: The substrate is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the arc current is set to 500-150A, the distance between the non-melting electrode and the substrate is 3-6mm, the argon flow rate is 10-15L / min, the substrate travel speed is 50-200mm / min, and the burning arc is used to preheat the substrate;

[0054] (4) The wire is connected to one pole of the welding power source;

[0055] (5) Set the arc current to 50-600A, adjust the wire feeding speed of each wire feeder to 0.5-8m / min, set the argon gas flow rate to 15-25L / min, the substrate travel speed to 100-500mm / min, and the distance from the non-melting electrode to the substrate to 5-10mm;

[0056] (6) Select the power supply mode as DC or AC according to the wire material used;

[0057] (7) Ignite the arc, start the wire feeding mechanism to feed the wire, and after the molten droplet is transferred to the substrate, the substrate starts to move with the workbench and stops at the set position, completing the first layer deposition;

[0058] (8) After the first layer is deposited and cooled, the substrate returns to the starting position and the appropriate interlayer temperature is controlled;

[0059] (9) Start deposition of the next layer and repeat (8);

[0060] (10) After reaching the set deposition size, stop feeding the wire, extinguish the arc and stop the gas.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0062] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An arc additive manufacturing device with a multi-wire melting electrode and a non-melting electrode, characterized in that: It includes a gun body and a multi-wire fixing mechanism; The gun body comprises: an upper body (4), a lower body (6), a rear cover (1), an electrode clamping mechanism (2), a fastening mechanism (3), a non-melting electrode (5), a nozzle (13), and a gas screen (14); The multi-wire fixing mechanism comprises: a positioning mechanism (10), a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1 (11-1), a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2 (11-2), a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3 (11-3) and a wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4 (11-4), a fastening bolt 1 (12-1), a fastening bolt 2 (12-2), a fastening bolt 3 (12-3) and a fastening bolt 4 (12-4), a conductive mechanism 1 (15-1), a conductive mechanism 2 (15-2), a conductive mechanism 3 (15-4), and a conductive mechanism 4 (15-5). 5-3) and conductive mechanism four (15-4), wire guide nozzle one (16-1), wire guide nozzle two (16-2), wire guide nozzle three (16-3) and wire guide nozzle four (16-4), wire guide nozzle clamping device one (17-1), wire guide nozzle clamping device two (17-2), wire guide nozzle clamping device three (17-3) and wire guide nozzle clamping device four (17-4) and wire material one (18-1), wire material two (18-2), wire material three (18-3) and wire material four (18-4); A rear cover (1) is installed at the upper end of the upper body (4), the rear cover (1) is connected to the electrode clamping mechanism (2), the electrode clamping mechanism (2) is connected to the fastening mechanism (3), a non-melting electrode (5) is installed inside the fastening mechanism (3), the upper body (4) is connected to the air inlet pipe (7), the water outlet pipe (8) and the water inlet pipe (9), the water inlet pipe (9) is made of copper, surrounds the fastening mechanism (3), and is connected to the power supply, the bottom of the upper body (4) is fixedly connected to the lower body (6), the connection between the lower body (6) and the nozzle is installed with an air screen (14), the lower body (6) is threadedly connected to the nozzle (13), the surface of the lower body (6) is processed with a limit groove, and a positioning mechanism (10) is installed, The outer surface of the positioning mechanism (10) is provided with an insulating pad, and the outer surface of the insulating pad is in contact with the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1 (11-1), the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2 (11-2), the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3 (11-3) and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4 (11-4). The inner parts of the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 1 (11-1) and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 2 (11-2) are respectively threadedly connected with a fastening bolt 1 (12-1) and a fastening bolt 2 (12-2). The fastening bolt 1 (12-1) and the fastening bolt 2 (12-2) are threadedly connected to the lower body (6) and the positioning mechanism (10). The inner parts of the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 3 (11-3) and the wire guide nozzle positioning mechanism 4 (11-4) are respectively threadedly connected with a fastening bolt 1 (12-1) and a fastening bolt 2 (12-2). The threaded connection is provided with a fastening bolt three (12-3) and a fastening bolt four (12-4), the fastening bolt three (12-3) and the fastening bolt four (12-4) are threadedly connected to the lower body (6) and the positioning mechanism (10), the fastening bolt one (12-1), the fastening bolt two (12-2), the fastening bolt three (12-3) and the fastening bolt four (12-4) are made of electrical insulating materials, and the bottom ends of the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism one (11-1), the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism two (11-2), the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism three (11-3) and the guide wire nozzle positioning mechanism four (11-4) are respectively fixedly installed with a conductive mechanism one (15-1), a conductive mechanism two (15-2), a conductive mechanism three (15-3) and a conductive mechanism Mechanism four (15-4), the bottoms of the conductive mechanism one (15-1), the conductive mechanism two (15-2), the conductive mechanism three (15-3) and the conductive mechanism four (15-4) are fixedly installed with a wire guide nozzle clamping device one (17-1), a wire guide nozzle clamping device two (17-2), a wire guide nozzle clamping device three (17-3) and a wire guide nozzle clamping device four (17-4), and the internal threads of the wire guide nozzle clamping device one (17-1), the wire guide nozzle clamping device two (17-2), the wire guide nozzle clamping device three (17-3) and the wire guide nozzle clamping device four (17-4) are connected with a wire guide nozzle one (16-1), a wire guide nozzle two (16-2), a wire guide nozzle three (16-3) and a wire guide nozzle four (16-4),The wire guide nozzle 1 (16-1), the wire guide nozzle 2 (16-2), the wire guide nozzle 3 (16-3) and the wire guide nozzle 4 (16-4) respectively pass through the wire material 1 (18-1), the wire material 2 (18-2), the wire material 3 (18-3) and the wire material 4 (18-4).

2. The arc additive manufacturing device with multiple wires of melting electrode and non-melting electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (10) is fastened by a fastening device 1 (19-1) and a fastening device 2 (19-2).

3. The arc additive manufacturing device with multiple wires of melting electrode and non-melting electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire guide nozzle 1 (16-1), the wire guide nozzle 2 (16-2), the wire guide nozzle 3 (16-3) and the wire guide nozzle 4 (16-4) are rotationally symmetrically distributed and spaced 90 degrees apart.

4. The arc additive manufacturing device with multiple wires of melting electrode and non-melting electrode according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: The non-melting electrode (5) is processed into a shape of multiple tips so as to ignite an arc and make the arc burn stably between the non-melting electrode tip and the wire. The number of tips is equal to the number of wires. The non-melting electrode material mainly comprises tungsten.

5. The arc additive manufacturing device with multiple wires of melting electrode and non-melting electrode according to claims 1-4, characterized in that: The number of the wires can be one of 4 wires, 2 wires and 3 wires.

6. The arc additive manufacturing device with multiple wires of melting electrode and non-melting electrode according to claims 1-5, characterized in that: The protective gas enters the gun body through the air inlet (7), becomes a laminar flow after passing through the air screen (14), and flows out from the nozzle (13) to play a protective role. The nozzle (13) is an outward expansion type, which completely covers the wire end and the arc area formed by the non-melting electrode.

7. An arc additive manufacturing device with multiple wires of melting electrode and non-melting electrode according to claims 1-6, characterized in that: The axes of the wire guide nozzle 1 (16-1), the wire guide nozzle 2 (16-2), the wire guide nozzle 3 (16-3) and the wire guide nozzle 4 (16-4) intersect at one point and are located about 3 to 8 mm below the non-melting electrode (15).

8. An arc additive manufacturing device with multiple wires of melting electrode and non-melting electrode according to claims 1-7, characterized in that: When the power source is direct current, the non-melting electrode (5) is connected to the negative electrode of the power source, and the wire is connected to the positive electrode of the power source; if the power source is alternating current, there is no need to distinguish. An arc is generated between the non-melting electrode and the plurality of wires, and the wires melt under the action of electrode heat, and after forming molten droplets, they transition to the molten pool under the action of electromagnetic force and gravity.

9. The arc additive manufacturing method of a multi-wire melting electrode-non-melting electrode according to claims 1-8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Substrate processing: Select a suitable material as the substrate, clean the upper surface of the substrate and expose the metallic luster; (2) Fixing device: install the substrate on the workbench, fix the device above the substrate, and keep the tip of the non-melting electrode about 3 to 8 mm away from the upper surface of the substrate. Pass the wire through the wire guide device and adjust its position close to the non-melting electrode. (3) Substrate preheating: The substrate is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the arc current is set to 500-150A, the distance between the non-melting electrode and the substrate is 3-6mm, the argon flow rate is 10-15L / min, the substrate travel speed is 50-200mm / min, and the burning arc is used to preheat the substrate; (4) The wire is connected to one pole of the welding power source; (5) Set the arc current to 50-600A, adjust the wire feeding speed of each wire feeder to 0.5-8m / min, set the argon gas flow rate to 15-25L / min, the substrate travel speed to 100-500mm / min, and the distance from the non-melting electrode to the substrate to 5-10mm; (6) Select the power supply mode as DC or AC according to the wire material used; (7) Ignite the arc, start the wire feeding mechanism to feed the wire, and after the molten droplet is transferred to the substrate, the substrate starts to move with the workbench and stops at the set position, completing the first layer deposition; (8) After the first layer is deposited and cooled, the substrate returns to the starting position and the appropriate interlayer temperature is controlled; (9) Start deposition of the next layer and repeat (8); (10) After reaching the set deposition size, stop feeding the wire, extinguish the arc and stop the gas.