Parallel and serial lithium battery control system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries, and provides a parallel and serial lithium battery control system, which comprises a receiving module used for receiving operation data of an agricultural vehicle and obtaining state parameters of each lithium battery; the controller is used for predicting an operation mode required by the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data, and the operation mode is a high-power mode or a long-endurance mode; when the operation mode is a high-power mode, further determining a corresponding target operation voltage, and screening out a plurality of target lithium batteries according to the target operation voltage and the state parameters of the lithium battery modules; and the series-parallel connection switching module is used for switching each target lithium battery into a series connection state. The operation mode can be accurately predicted according to the vehicle operation data, so that the series connection mode or the parallel connection mode of the lithium battery can be flexibly adjusted according to high-power operation or long-endurance operation, power supply matched with the operation mode is guaranteed, the requirements of different scenes are met, and the agricultural operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and in particular to a parallel and serial lithium battery control system. Background Art

[0002] In today's agricultural modernization process, lithium batteries, as a clean and efficient energy source, are gradually emerging in the field of agricultural vehicles. With the continuous expansion of agricultural production scale and the increasing requirements for environmental protection, the problems of environmental pollution and high operating costs caused by traditional fuel agricultural vehicles have become increasingly prominent. Lithium battery-driven agricultural vehicles have become an important direction for the development of agricultural vehicles with their advantages of zero emissions, low noise and low operating costs.

[0003] The agricultural operating environment is complex and diverse, and different operating scenarios have different requirements for the power and endurance of agricultural vehicles. For example, when performing operations such as ploughing and sowing in large areas of farmland, agricultural vehicles need to have strong power output to drive large agricultural machinery, and at this time, a higher voltage is often required to provide sufficient power; while in relatively small areas such as orchards and vegetable gardens, such as fertilization and spraying, the vehicle's range is required to be higher, and a larger battery capacity is required to meet long-term operating needs.

[0004] However, the existing lithium battery systems used in agricultural vehicles have many limitations. In terms of the series-parallel combination of batteries, most existing lithium battery systems use a fixed series-parallel connection method, which cannot flexibly adjust the series-parallel structure of the battery according to actual operating requirements. For example, when agricultural vehicles switch from high-power demand operating scenarios to long-range demand scenarios, it is impossible to optimize the voltage and capacity by changing the series-parallel method of the battery, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency and failure to give full play to the performance advantages of lithium batteries.

[0005] At the same time, since lithium battery cells may have inconsistent parameters such as voltage, capacity, and internal resistance during use, battery imbalance may occur when used in series or parallel. This imbalance may cause over-discharge of some batteries in the battery pack, accelerate battery aging, and shorten the overall service life of the battery pack. For agricultural vehicles, frequent replacement of battery packs not only increases operating costs, but also affects the continuity and efficiency of agricultural operations. Summary of the invention

[0006] In response to at least one of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a parallel and serial lithium battery control system, electronic equipment, computer storage medium and computer program product to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] The present invention discloses a parallel and serial lithium battery control system, which is applied to agricultural vehicles. The system comprises a receiving module, a controller, and a serial-parallel switching module; The receiving module is used to receive the operation data of the agricultural vehicle and obtain the status parameters of each lithium battery; The controller is used to predict the next operation mode required by the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data, wherein the operation mode is a high power mode or a long endurance mode; when the operation mode is a high power mode, further determine the corresponding target operation voltage, and select and obtain a plurality of target lithium batteries according to the target operation voltage and the state parameters of each lithium battery module; The series-parallel switching module is used to switch each of the target lithium batteries into a series state.

[0008] Optionally, predicting the next required operation mode of the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data includes: If the operation data is positioning data and operation plan data, the positioning data is compared with the operation plan data to determine the target plot and the corresponding operation type to be performed by the agricultural vehicle next; The operation mode is determined according to the operation type and a preset "operation type-operation mode" association relationship.

[0009] Optionally, predicting the next required operation mode of the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data includes: If the operation data is farm implement access data, the farm implement type of the accessed farm implement is obtained by parsing the farm implement access data, and the corresponding operation type is obtained according to the farm implement type; The operation mode is determined according to the operation type and a preset "operation type-operation mode" association relationship.

[0010] Optionally, predicting the next required operation mode of the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data includes: If the operation data is image data corresponding to the front of the agricultural vehicle, land features are extracted from the image data, and the corresponding operation type is predicted based on the land features; The operation mode is determined according to the operation type and a preset "operation type-operation mode" association relationship.

[0011] Optionally, when the operation mode is a high power mode, a corresponding target operation voltage is further determined, and a plurality of target lithium batteries are obtained by screening according to the target operation voltage and the state parameters of each lithium battery module, including: When the operation mode is a high power mode, a corresponding target operation voltage is determined according to the operation type corresponding to the high power mode, and the number of lithium batteries and a set of candidate lithium batteries are obtained according to the target operation voltage matching, wherein the set of candidate lithium batteries includes lithium batteries corresponding to the number of lithium batteries and adapted to the target operation voltage; Randomly grouping the lithium batteries in the candidate lithium battery set, using a simulation unit to perform in-depth analysis on the state parameters and the target operating voltage of the lithium batteries in each group, and predicting the expected heat generation per unit time; Screening out a specified number of groups whose expected heat generation per unit time is lower than a heat generation threshold, and determining the group with the smallest expected heat generation per unit time as a target group, and determining the other groups as backup groups; The lithium batteries in the target group and each of the standby groups are the target lithium batteries.

[0012] Optionally, the specified number is determined by: The average amplitude of the operation voltage fluctuation is obtained according to the historical operation data of each operation type, and the "operation type-average amplitude-specified quantity" comparison relationship is constructed according to the average amplitude; The operation type is compared with the "operation type-average amplitude-specified quantity" comparison relationship to obtain the specified quantity.

[0013] Optionally, the series-parallel switching module switches each of the target lithium batteries to a series state through a relay or a MOSFET or a BMS system.

[0014] The present invention also discloses an electronic device, which is applied to the parallel and serial lithium battery control system as described in any of the preceding items, and comprises: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor.

[0015] The present invention further discloses a computer storage medium, which is applied to a parallel and serial lithium battery control system as described in any of the preceding items, and the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a computer program product, which is applied to a parallel and serial lithium battery control system as described in any of the above items, and the computer program product contains computer program codes that can be executed by a processor of an electronic device.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention can accurately predict the operation mode based on the vehicle operation data, thereby flexibly adjusting the series mode or parallel mode of the lithium battery according to high-power operation or long-endurance operation, so as to ensure the power supply adapted to the operation mode, meet the needs of different scenarios, and improve agricultural operation efficiency.

[0018] (2) The present invention also effectively solves the imbalance problem caused by differences in battery cells by analyzing and screening the state parameters of lithium batteries, prolongs the life of the battery pack, and improves utilization efficiency. In addition, flexible series-parallel control enhances system adaptability, and precise control strategies can reduce the risk of failure, improve system reliability, and ensure the safe operation of agricultural vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parallel-connectable and serial-connectable lithium battery control system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is a description of the implementation of the present application by specific specific embodiments. People familiar with the technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a parallel and serial lithium battery control system, which is applied to agricultural vehicles. The system includes a receiving module, a controller, and a serial-parallel switching module; The receiving module is used to receive the operation data of the agricultural vehicle and obtain the status parameters of each lithium battery.

[0024] In addition to the above-mentioned parallel and serial lithium battery control system of the present invention, the agricultural vehicle is also equipped with various sensors (such as speed sensors, position sensors, agricultural implement status sensors, cameras, etc.), which can detect and obtain the operation data of the agricultural vehicle in real time, such as the current driving speed and driving position of the vehicle (obtained through positioning equipment such as GPS), the type of agricultural implements mounted (such as ploughs, seed drills, etc.), the working status of the agricultural implements (whether it is working, working power, etc.), the characteristic information of the land in front, etc. The above-mentioned various sensors transmit the above-mentioned data collected in real time to the receiving module, and the receiving module transmits it to the controller.

[0025] At the same time, the receiving module also directly communicates with each individual lithium battery module to obtain its status parameters, including but not limited to the voltage, current, temperature, remaining power (State of Charge, SOC), etc. These parameters can reflect the health status and current energy storage of the lithium battery, which is crucial for subsequent battery selection and series-parallel control. The corresponding sensors are integrated on the lithium battery module to monitor these parameters in real time, and send the data to the receiving module, which then transmits it to the controller.

[0026] The controller is used to predict the next operating mode required by the agricultural vehicle based on the operating data, where the operating mode is a high-power mode or a long-endurance mode; when the operating mode is a high-power mode, the corresponding target operating voltage is further determined, and a number of target lithium batteries are obtained by screening based on the target operating voltage and the status parameters of each lithium battery module.

[0027] The controller controls the agricultural vehicle to be in long-endurance mode under normal circumstances, that is, controls each lithium battery (or multiple lithium batteries to form a lithium battery pack, and each lithium battery pack is then connected in parallel) to be in parallel. The controller uses a pre-set algorithm or model to predict the next operation mode of the agricultural vehicle based on the received operation data. If the operation data shows that the vehicle needs to perform high-intensity work, such as ploughing, deep plowing and other operations that require a large power output, then the predicted operation mode is high-power mode; if the operation data shows that the vehicle mainly performs some relatively easy and long-lasting work, such as farmland patrols, spraying pesticides, etc., then the predicted operation mode is long-endurance mode.

[0028] When the high-power mode is predicted, the controller needs to determine the electrical system requirements for driving these agricultural implements (such as the rated voltage of the agricultural implement drive motor, the operating voltage of other electrical equipment, etc.) based on the types of agricultural implements corresponding to the work to be performed next by the agricultural vehicle, and then determine the target operating voltage.

[0029] Then, based on the target operating voltage and the status parameters of each lithium battery module, suitable lithium batteries are screened as target lithium batteries. The screening criteria include whether the voltage of the lithium battery is close to the single battery voltage value required for the target operating voltage, whether the remaining power is sufficient, the health status of the battery, etc., to ensure that the battery pack connected in series can stably provide the required voltage and power.

[0030] For example, when predicting that the agricultural vehicle will perform plowing operations next, the controller determines that the next operation mode is a high-power mode because plowing requires greater power. It is known that the drive motor of the tractor requires a voltage of 48V to operate normally during high-power operations, so the control system determines that the target operating voltage is 48V. Considering that the nominal voltage of each lithium battery module is about 12V, 4 lithium battery modules are required to be connected in series. The controller screens according to the state parameters of each lithium battery module (such as the voltage, current, temperature, SOC, etc. mentioned above). Assuming that there are 6 lithium battery modules in total, lithium batteries A, B, C with voltages close to 12V and higher SOC and another lithium battery D are finally selected as target lithium batteries because their states are more suitable for series connection to meet the needs of high-power operations.

[0031] The series-parallel switching module is used to switch each of the target lithium batteries into a series state.

[0032] The series-parallel switching module includes a circuit switching device, which connects each target lithium battery in series by switching the connection circuit between the lithium batteries. After the series connection, the voltage of each lithium battery will be added to obtain a battery pack that meets the target operating voltage, providing the required power for the agricultural vehicle in high power mode.

[0033] The present invention can accurately predict the operation mode based on the vehicle operation data, so as to flexibly adjust the series mode or parallel mode of the lithium battery according to high-power operation or long-endurance operation, so as to ensure the power supply adapted to the operation mode, meet the needs of different scenarios, and improve agricultural operation efficiency. At the same time, the present invention also effectively solves the imbalance problem caused by the difference in battery cells by analyzing and screening the state parameters of lithium batteries, prolongs the life of the battery pack, and improves the utilization efficiency. In addition, flexible series-parallel control enhances the adaptability of the system, and precise control strategies can reduce the risk of failure, improve system reliability, and escort the safe operation of agricultural vehicles.

[0034] Optionally, predicting the next required operation mode of the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data includes: If the operation data is positioning data and operation plan data, the positioning data is compared with the operation plan data to determine the target plot and the corresponding operation type to be performed by the agricultural vehicle next; The operation mode is determined according to the operation type and a preset "operation type-operation mode" association relationship.

[0035] In this embodiment, the agricultural vehicle is equipped with a positioning device such as a global positioning system (GPS) or a Beidou satellite navigation system (COMPASS), so as to obtain the longitude and latitude coordinates that can accurately reflect the current geographical location of the agricultural vehicle.

[0036] At the same time, agricultural production managers will prepare work plan data in advance, which records in detail the work arrangements of agricultural vehicles in different plots of land, covering the location information of each plot, the type of work planned to be performed (such as plowing, sowing, fertilizing, harvesting, etc.) and work time.

[0037] By carefully comparing the real-time positioning data with the pre-set operation plan data, the relative relationship between the current position of the agricultural vehicle and each plot in the operation plan can be accurately determined, thereby determining the target plot that the vehicle will go to and perform the operation next. At the same time, according to the operation content specified for the target plot in the operation plan data, the corresponding operation type is clarified.

[0038] For example, the farm's operation plan data shows that plot A is scheduled to be sown on Monday morning, and plot B is scheduled to be fertilized on Monday afternoon. After the agricultural vehicle compares its own positioning data with the operation plan data, it is found that the vehicle is heading towards plot A and is about to arrive. The current time is Monday morning, so it can be determined that the target plot is plot A and the corresponding operation type is sowing.

[0039] The preset "operation type-operation mode" association is a pre-set corresponding rule based on the actual needs and characteristics of agricultural operations. Different operation types correspond to different operation modes due to their different requirements for power, endurance, etc. Common operation modes are mainly divided into high-power mode and long-endurance mode. High-power mode: suitable for those operation types that require instantaneous output of large power and high power requirements, such as arable land operations, because it is necessary to overcome greater soil resistance when arable land, and the drive motor of agricultural vehicles requires higher power to drive agricultural implements for operation. Long-endurance mode: suitable for those operation types that last longer, have higher endurance requirements but relatively low power requirements, such as farmland patrols, spraying pesticides, etc. These operations require the vehicle to operate stably for a long time, so they pay more attention to the battery life.

[0040] After the operation type is determined, the operation mode corresponding to the operation type can be directly determined by searching the preset "operation type-operation mode" association table. For example, if the determined operation type is arable land operation, it can be found from the association table that arable land operation corresponds to high power mode, so it can be concluded that the next operation mode required by the agricultural vehicle is high power mode.

[0041] Through this operation mode prediction solution based on positioning data and operation plan data, the parallel and series lithium battery control system of agricultural vehicles can be prepared in advance. In high-power mode, the lithium batteries can be reasonably connected in series to increase the output voltage and power. In long-endurance mode, a suitable parallel method can be used to increase the battery capacity, thereby effectively improving energy utilization efficiency and meeting the diverse needs of agricultural production.

[0042] Optionally, predicting the next required operation mode of the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data includes: If the operation data is farm implement access data, the farm implement type of the accessed farm implement is obtained by parsing the farm implement access data, and the corresponding operation type is obtained according to the farm implement type; The operation mode is determined according to the operation type and a preset "operation type-operation mode" association relationship.

[0043] In this embodiment, the agricultural implement connection data refers to the relevant information about the agricultural implement obtained by the receiving module after the agricultural implement is connected to the agricultural vehicle. This information can be transmitted to the receiving module of the vehicle through electronic interfaces, sensors and other devices, and its expression may include digital codes, signal characteristics, etc.

[0044] The receiving module has a data analysis function, which can interpret the received agricultural implement access data. Through the preset decoding rules or algorithms, the specific agricultural implement type information is analyzed. For example, if a tillage plow is connected, the agricultural implement access data may contain specific current signals, identification codes in the communication protocol, etc. The control system can identify the connected agricultural implement as a tillage plow by analyzing these data.

[0045] Different agricultural implements are designed to complete specific agricultural operations, so each agricultural implement corresponds to a specific operation type. For example, a tillage plow is mainly used for tillage operations, a seed drill is used for seeding operations, and a harvester is used for harvesting operations. In the vehicle control system, a "farm implement type-operation type" correspondence table is pre-stored. After parsing the type of connected agricultural implement, the control system will search in this correspondence table to determine the operation type corresponding to the agricultural implement. For example, if it is parsed that the connected agricultural implement is a seed drill, by querying the correspondence table, it can be determined that the corresponding operation type is a seeding operation.

[0046] Finally, after determining the operation type, the operation mode corresponding to the operation type is directly found by querying the preset "operation type-operation mode" association table. The details are the same as above and will not be repeated here.

[0047] Optionally, predicting the next required operation mode of the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data includes: If the operation data is image data corresponding to the front of the agricultural vehicle, land features are extracted from the image data, and the corresponding operation type is predicted based on the land features; The operation mode is determined according to the operation type and a preset "operation type-operation mode" association relationship.

[0048] In this embodiment, a camera can be set at the front of the agricultural vehicle, and its field of view covers the cultivated land in front of the agricultural vehicle. The collected image data is processed using computer vision technology. The specific steps include: image preprocessing (such as denoising, contrast enhancement, etc.) to improve image quality; then, through feature extraction algorithms (such as feature extraction through convolutional networks), various features of the land are identified and extracted. Land features include at least: Soil condition: Soil color, moisture, levelness, etc. Dry, lighter soil may indicate a need for irrigation, whereas uneven soil may require leveling.

[0049] Vegetation coverage: including vegetation type, density, growth status, etc. If the vegetation is lush and meets the harvesting standard, harvesting may be required; if the vegetation is sparse or there are weeds growing, replanting or weeding may be required.

[0050] Topography: such as whether there are gullies, slopes, etc., can be used to determine whether land consolidation is needed.

[0051] Different land features often correspond to specific agricultural operation types. By summarizing a large amount of agricultural production experience and data, the corresponding relationship between land features and operation types is established in advance. For example, when the extracted land features show that the soil is compacted and there are many weeds, the corresponding operation type may be arable land and weeding operations; if it is found that the vegetation is growing well but mature, the corresponding operation type may be harvesting operations.

[0052] After extracting the land features, they can be compared and analyzed with pre-set corresponding relationships, or through logical judgment and model prediction, to determine the most likely corresponding operation type.

[0053] After determining the operation type, the operation mode corresponding to the operation type is directly found by querying the preset "operation type-operation mode" association table. The details are the same as above and will not be repeated here.

[0054] It should be noted that the above three methods for determining the operation mode and the corresponding sensors may be equipped on the agricultural vehicle at the same time, or only one or more of them may be equipped. When multiple types are equipped, the user may manually switch one or more of them to an enabled state. The present invention is not limited to this.

[0055] Optionally, when the operation mode is a high power mode, a corresponding target operation voltage is further determined, and a plurality of target lithium batteries are obtained by screening according to the target operation voltage and the state parameters of each lithium battery module, including: When the operation mode is a high power mode, a corresponding target operation voltage is determined according to the operation type corresponding to the high power mode, and the number of lithium batteries and a set of candidate lithium batteries are obtained according to the target operation voltage matching, wherein the set of candidate lithium batteries includes lithium batteries corresponding to the number of lithium batteries and adapted to the target operation voltage; Randomly grouping the lithium batteries in the candidate lithium battery set, using a simulation unit to perform in-depth analysis on the state parameters and the target operating voltage of the lithium batteries in each group, and predicting the expected heat generation per unit time; Screening out a specified number of groups whose expected heat generation per unit time is lower than a heat generation threshold, and determining the group with the smallest expected heat generation per unit time as a target group, and determining the other groups as backup groups; The lithium batteries in the target group and each of the standby groups are the target lithium batteries.

[0056] In this embodiment, different high-power operation types have different voltage requirements. For example, in ploughing operations, the motor needs a higher voltage to output sufficient power because it needs to overcome greater soil resistance; and harvesting operations, although also high-power operations, the specific required voltage will vary depending on the harvesting equipment. Therefore, after determining that the operation mode is a high-power mode, the corresponding target operation voltage can be determined based on the specific corresponding operation type (such as ploughing, harvesting, etc.) combined with the requirements of the electrical system of the agricultural vehicle and the operation equipment.

[0057] It is known that each lithium battery module has its nominal voltage. By dividing the target operating voltage by the nominal voltage of a single lithium battery, the approximate number of lithium batteries required can be calculated. For example, if the target operating voltage is 48V, and the nominal voltages of the equipped single lithium batteries are 12V, 72V, and 96V, then four 12V lithium batteries are required to be connected in series. Then, lithium batteries that are compatible with the target operating voltage are selected from all lithium battery modules. The voltage, capacity and other parameters of these lithium batteries should be able to meet the target operating voltage requirement of 48V after the total voltage of the series combination (the actual voltage of some lithium batteries is lower than 12V, and the actual voltage of some lithium batteries is higher than 12V. The voltage after series connection is closest to 48V through high and low matching). Together, they constitute a set of alternative lithium batteries.

[0058] When operating at high power, lithium batteries will generate heat, and the heat generation is closely related to the battery's state parameters and operating voltage. Through simulation, the expected heat generation per unit time of each group under high power operation can be predicted. By evaluating the thermal performance of different groups in advance, the battery life may be shortened or even safety issues may be avoided due to overheating. Specifically: The lithium batteries in the candidate lithium battery set are randomly grouped, and then the calorific value of the lithium battery group corresponding to each group is predicted using the simulation unit (which can be the overall calorific value of the group or the maximum calorific value of a single lithium battery in the group), that is, the expected calorific value per unit time is predicted by deeply analyzing the state parameters (such as voltage, internal resistance, temperature, etc.) of the lithium batteries in each group and the target operating voltage. The simulation unit is preferably constructed based on CNN or Transformer.

[0059] Filter out the groups whose expected heat generation per unit time is lower than the preset heat generation threshold, and select a specified number of groups from them. Among them, when the actual heat generation per unit time of the lithium battery is lower than the heat generation threshold (when the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery heat dissipation system is fixed), the healthy attenuation of the lithium battery is in the normal attenuation range. The determination of the specified number usually takes into account the backup needs and the reliability requirements of the system. For example, 3 groups are selected to ensure that when there is a problem with the target group, that is, the actual heat generation per unit time exceeds the heat generation threshold, there are backup groups that can replace the target group in time. Among the filtered groups, the group with the smallest expected heat generation is determined as the target group. This group generates the least heat under high-power operation and can maximize the performance and life of the battery, and is used as the priority battery group. The remaining groups are determined as backup groups. When the target group has the above-mentioned heat generation per unit time exceeding the standard, they can be put into use in time to ensure the normal operation of agricultural vehicles.

[0060] The lithium batteries in the target group and each backup group are the target lithium batteries that are finally screened out. These lithium batteries meet the target operating voltage requirements and have good thermal performance, and can stably and efficiently provide power support for agricultural vehicles in high power mode.

[0061] Optionally, the specified number is determined by: The average amplitude of the operation voltage fluctuation is obtained according to the historical operation data of each operation type, and the "operation type-average amplitude-specified quantity" comparison relationship is constructed according to the average amplitude; The operation type is compared with the "operation type-average amplitude-specified quantity" comparison relationship to obtain the specified quantity.

[0062] In this embodiment, in different types of operations, the fluctuation of resistance to the corresponding agricultural implements is quite different. For example, in plowing operations, the resistance of the plow will suddenly increase due to hard lumps of soil, stones, etc. in the soil. At this time, the control system of the agricultural vehicle will increase the power output of the plow. This will cause the actual power output of the lithium battery pack to increase, resulting in increased heat generation, and it is easier to exceed the heat generation threshold, which will easily cause the target group to be disconnected and switched to the standby group; while for the operation type of spraying pesticides, the corresponding resistance fluctuation is more minor, and the fluctuation of the actual power output of the lithium battery pack is also minor. The health of the lithium batteries in each group can be improved by circulating between the target group and each standby group.

[0063] In view of the above actual situation, the present invention is set to pre-acquire the historical operation data of each operation type, and the historical operation data includes the fluctuation data of the operation voltage when the agricultural vehicle performs the operation type multiple times, and then calculates the average amplitude of the operation voltage fluctuation. At the same time, considering that the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery heat dissipation system has an upper limit, it is difficult to discharge the heat of each lithium battery in the lithium battery pack with excessive heat in a short time, so it is necessary to set a suitable number of spare groups. Generally speaking, the larger the above average amplitude, the greater the probability and degree of the excessive heat of the lithium battery pack being powered, and the corresponding setting of the specified number (the above appropriate number + 1) is more, for example, 5, so that the excessive lithium battery pack can be given more heat dissipation time; on the contrary, the smaller the above average amplitude, the smaller the probability and degree of the excessive heat of the lithium battery pack being powered, and the corresponding setting of the specified number is less, for example, 3.

[0064] According to the above principles, preliminary measurements are carried out to establish the "operation type-average amplitude-specified quantity" comparison relationship. Then, the actual operation type is compared with the comparison relationship to obtain the corresponding specified quantity.

[0065] Optionally, the series-parallel switching module switches each of the target lithium batteries to a series state through a relay or a MOSFET or a BMS system.

[0066] In this embodiment, the series-parallel switching module can switch the connection state between the lithium batteries by any of the above methods. The following is an introduction to each switching method: A relay is an electrical control device that causes a predetermined step change in the controlled quantity when the input quantity (such as voltage or current) reaches a specified value. In the lithium battery series-parallel switching system, the connection mode between batteries is changed by closing and opening the contacts of the relay. For example, by controlling the on and off of the relay, multiple lithium batteries can be switched from parallel to series, or vice versa.

[0067] MOSFET is turned on and off by controlling the gate voltage. In the series-parallel switching circuit of lithium batteries, multiple MOSFETs are used to form a switch network. By controlling the on and off states of MOSFETs, the connection path between batteries is changed, thereby switching between series and parallel states.

[0068] Intelligent battery management system (BMS) is a system that integrates battery monitoring, protection, balancing and control functions. It can monitor the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of each lithium battery in real time, and automatically control the series and parallel state switching of the battery based on these parameters and preset rules.

[0069] An embodiment of the present invention further discloses an electronic device, which is applied to a parallel and serial lithium battery control system as described in any of the preceding items, and includes: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor.

[0070] An embodiment of the present invention further discloses a computer storage medium, which is applied to a parallel and series lithium battery control system as described in any of the preceding items, and the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention further discloses a computer program product, which is applied to a parallel and serial lithium battery control system as described in any of the preceding items, and the computer program product contains computer program codes that can be executed by a processor of an electronic device.

[0072] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0073] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0074] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A parallel and serial lithium battery control system, applied to agricultural vehicles, characterized by: The system includes a receiving module, a controller, and a series-parallel switching module; The receiving module is used to receive the operation data of the agricultural vehicle and obtain the status parameters of each lithium battery; The controller is used to predict the next operation mode required by the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data, wherein the operation mode is a high power mode or a long endurance mode; when the operation mode is a high power mode, further determine the corresponding target operation voltage, and select and obtain a plurality of target lithium batteries according to the target operation voltage and the state parameters of each lithium battery module; The series-parallel switching module is used to switch each of the target lithium batteries into a series state.

2. A parallel and serial lithium battery control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The predicting of the next operation mode required by the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data includes: If the operation data is positioning data and operation plan data, the positioning data is compared with the operation plan data to determine the target plot and the corresponding operation type to be performed by the agricultural vehicle next; The operation mode is determined according to the operation type and a preset "operation type-operation mode" association relationship.

3. A parallel and serial lithium battery control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The predicting of the next operation mode required by the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data includes: If the operation data is farm implement access data, the farm implement type of the accessed farm implement is obtained by parsing the farm implement access data, and the corresponding operation type is obtained according to the farm implement type; The operation mode is determined according to the operation type and a preset "operation type-operation mode" association relationship.

4. The parallel and serial lithium battery control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The predicting of the next operation mode required by the agricultural vehicle according to the operation data includes: If the operation data is image data corresponding to the front of the agricultural vehicle, land features are extracted from the image data, and the corresponding operation type is predicted based on the land features; The operation mode is determined according to the operation type and a preset "operation type-operation mode" association relationship.

5. The parallel and serial lithium battery control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the operation mode is the high power mode, the corresponding target operation voltage is further determined, and a number of target lithium batteries are obtained by screening according to the target operation voltage and the state parameters of each lithium battery module, including: When the operation mode is a high power mode, a corresponding target operation voltage is determined according to the operation type corresponding to the high power mode, and the number of lithium batteries and a set of candidate lithium batteries are obtained according to the target operation voltage matching, wherein the set of candidate lithium batteries includes lithium batteries corresponding to the number of lithium batteries and adapted to the target operation voltage; Randomly grouping the lithium batteries in the candidate lithium battery set, using a simulation unit to perform in-depth analysis on the state parameters and the target operating voltage of the lithium batteries in each group, and predicting the expected heat generation per unit time; Screening out a specified number of groups whose expected heat generation per unit time is lower than a heat generation threshold, and determining the group with the smallest expected heat generation per unit time as a target group, and determining the other groups as backup groups; The lithium batteries in the target group and each of the standby groups are the target lithium batteries.

6. A parallel and serial lithium battery control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specified quantity is determined as follows: The average amplitude of the operation voltage fluctuation is obtained according to the historical operation data of each operation type, and the "operation type-average amplitude-specified quantity" comparison relationship is constructed according to the average amplitude; The operation type is compared with the "operation type-average amplitude-specified quantity" comparison relationship to obtain the specified quantity.

7. The parallel and serial lithium battery control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The series-parallel switching module switches each of the target lithium batteries to a series state through a relay or a MOSFET or a BMS system.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: A parallel and serial lithium battery control system applied to any one of claims 1-7, comprising: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor.

9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: A parallel and serial lithium battery control system applied to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.

10. A computer program product, applied to a parallel and serial lithium battery control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The computer program product includes computer program codes that can be executed by a processor of an electronic device.

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