Biomass organic concentrated fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass organic concentrated fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of biomass organic fertilizers, and aims to solve the technical problems that different types of biomass resources are difficult to classify and efficiently utilize and the nutrient content and the utilization rate of the fertilizer are not excellent enough in the prior art. The biomass organic concentrated fertilizer comprises basic raw materials and auxiliary materials, the basic raw materials comprise floating objects including but not limited to vegetable leaves, fruit peels and kitchen garbage; suspended solids including but not limited to livestock and poultry manure, food processing waste and municipal sewage sludge; the sediments comprise but are not limited to straws, wood chips and rice hulls; the auxiliary materials comprise a microbial agent, a conditioning agent and a concentrating agent. According to the biomass organic concentrated fertilizer and the preparation method thereof, the high-quality and high-efficiency biomass organic concentrated fertilizer can be prepared, and the fertilizer not only is rich in various nutrient elements required by plant growth, but also has multiple effects of improving the soil structure, improving the soil fertility, promoting plant growth and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass organic fertilizers, and in particular relates to a biomass organic concentrated fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of agricultural production and the continuous growth of population, the demand for chemical fertilizers is also increasing year by year. However, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers will not only lead to soil degradation, water pollution and deterioration of agricultural product quality, but also affect the ecological environment. Therefore, it is particularly important to find an efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable fertilizer substitute. Biomass organic concentrated fertilizer, as a new type of organic fertilizer, has attracted much attention due to its excellent fertilizer efficiency and environmental protection characteristics.

[0003] Biomass resources refer to all organic substances in nature that are directly or indirectly derived from the products of photosynthesis of green plants, including crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, urban organic waste, etc. These biomass resources are huge in quantity, but have not been fully utilized for a long time. On the one hand, these wastes are piled up like mountains, occupying a large amount of land resources and causing environmental pollution; on the other hand, they are rich in various nutrients required for plant growth and are ideal raw materials for the preparation of organic fertilizers. With the improvement of people's living standards and the change of consumption concepts, the quality requirements for agricultural products are getting higher and higher. Organic fertilizers are highly favored because of their multiple functions such as improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility, and promoting plant growth. Especially in the fields of ecological agriculture and organic agriculture, organic fertilizers have become an indispensable and important source of fertilizers. Therefore, the market demand for organic fertilizers continues to increase, providing a broad market space for the preparation of biomass organic concentrated fertilizers.

[0004] The preparation technology of biomass organic concentrated fertilizer has undergone many years of development and improvement. The early preparation method mainly adopts the traditional composting fermentation process. Although the process is simple and low-cost, there are problems such as long fermentation cycle, low nutrient content, poor sanitation and safety. With the development of science and technology, modern biomass organic concentrated fertilizer preparation technology gradually adopts advanced processes such as physical and chemical detoxification, sterilization fermentation, and concentration molding, which greatly improves the quality and utilization rate of fertilizers. Although the preparation technology of biomass organic concentrated fertilizer has made certain progress, there are still some shortcomings. For example, different types of biomass resources are difficult to classify and efficiently utilize, and the nutrient content and utilization rate of fertilizers are not good enough. For this reason, the present invention proposes a biomass organic concentrated fertilizer and a preparation method thereof to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a biomass organic concentrated fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems that different types of biomass resources are difficult to classify and efficiently utilize under the prior art, and the nutrient content and utilization rate of the fertilizer are not good enough.

[0006] Technical Solution

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a biomass organic concentrated fertilizer, including basic raw materials and auxiliary materials;

[0008] The basic ingredients include:

[0009] Floating objects, including but not limited to vegetable leaves, fruit peels, and kitchen waste;

[0010] Suspended matter, including but not limited to livestock and poultry manure, food processing waste, and municipal sewage sludge;

[0011] Sediment, including but not limited to straw, wood chips, and rice husks;

[0012] Auxiliary materials include microbial agents, regulators and concentrates.

[0013] Preferably, the microbial agent comprises one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and actinomycetes, which are used to accelerate the decomposition and ripening of organic materials.

[0014] Preferably, the regulator comprises one or both of lime and wood ash, which are used to adjust the pH value and neutralize the acidity.

[0015] Preferably, the concentrate comprises one or both of lignite humic acid and a granulating agent, so as to improve the concentration and stability of the fertilizer.

[0016] The method for preparing biomass organic concentrated fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Raw material collection: collect various types of organic waste, and carry out preliminary classification and cleaning to remove impurities;

[0018] Step 2: pre-treatment of raw materials, crushing, pulverizing or cutting the raw materials to increase the surface area of ​​the materials to facilitate decomposition and fermentation by microorganisms;

[0019] Step 3: Classification and itemization, including:

[0020] Bulk-weight classification: using a strong-current bulk-weight classification tank to separate the collected waste biomass into three categories: floating matter, suspended matter, and sediment;

[0021] Itemized use:

[0022] Floating matter: After being crushed and dehydrated, it is used as the main raw material for fuel carbon paste;

[0023] Suspended matter: After sedimentation and filtration, impurities are removed and used as the main nutrient source of organic fertilizer;

[0024] Sediment: After being crushed and sieved, it can be used as soil fluffing material or mixed with other materials for fermentation;

[0025] Step 4: batching and mixing: the floating matter, suspended matter and sediment are mixed evenly according to the proportion;

[0026] Step 5: Physical and chemical detoxification and sterilization: Physical and chemical treatment of the mixed materials to remove toxic and harmful substances, and use high temperature or ultraviolet sterilization technology to kill pathogens and parasite eggs in the materials;

[0027] Step 6, inoculating the microbial agent, diluting the microbial agent and spraying it evenly on the mixed material;

[0028] Step 7: fermentation and composting: the inoculated materials are piled in a fermentation shed for aerobic fermentation;

[0029] Step 8, concentration and preparation, after fermentation is completed, the material is dehydrated to remove excess water; a concentrator is added to concentrate the material into a paste or liquid organic fertilizer, and the concentrated fertilizer is homogenized to ensure the quality and stability of the fertilizer;

[0030] Step nine, inspection and packaging, conduct quality inspection on the finished fertilizer, including nutrient content, pH value, and moisture content indicators. Qualified products are packaged according to the specified weight or volume, and labeled with product name, production date, nutrient content and other information.

[0031] Preferably, the mixing ratio of floating matter, suspended matter and sediment is based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) and organic matter content of the mixed fertilizer. The carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) of the mixed fertilizer ranges from 20 to 30, which can be adjusted by adding materials with a high carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N). Materials with a high carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) include but are not limited to straw and sawdust. The organic matter content ranges from 50% to 70%.

[0032] Preferably, the amount of microbial agent added is 1 to 2 kg per ton of raw material.

[0033] Preferably, during the fermentation process, the temperature is controlled at 50° C. to 65° C., the humidity is controlled at 55% to 65%, the pile is turned regularly to adjust the temperature, provide oxygen and promote uniform fermentation of the material, and the fermentation cycle is 8 to 15 days.

[0034] Preferably, during the preparation process, lime and wood ash regulators are added to adjust the pH value of the fertilizer to between 6 and 7.5, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer and the crop's ability to absorb nutrients.

[0035] Preferably, the homogenization treatment method of the concentrated fertilizer includes but is not limited to: high-pressure homogenizer treatment, stirring and mixing treatment, grinding and crushing treatment, and spray drying treatment.

[0036] Beneficial Effects

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The present invention can prepare high-quality and high-efficiency biomass organic concentrated fertilizer, which is not only rich in multiple nutrients required for plant growth, but also has multiple functions such as improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility, and promoting plant growth. Specifically, the method can make full use of waste or excess biological organic matter in production and life, such as crop straw, livestock and poultry feces, urban organic garbage, etc., and convert them into valuable organic fertilizers; through classification and item processing, the resource utilization of waste biomass is realized, and environmental pollution is reduced. After physical and chemical detoxification, sterilization and fermentation and other process treatments, harmful substances in the raw materials are removed, ensuring the sanitation and safety of the fertilizer. During the fermentation process, the decomposition of microorganisms produces humus and multiple nutrients required for plant growth, which improves the fertilizer efficiency. The concentration process makes the nutrient content in the fertilizer more concentrated, reducing the loss during transportation and storage. The paste or liquid fertilizer form is convenient for plants to absorb and utilize, which improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer; the organic matter and microorganisms in the biomass organic concentrated fertilizer can improve the soil structure and increase the soil fertility. Long-term use can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and reduce the risk of soil pollution. In addition, the method realizes the resource utilization of waste biomass, reduces environmental pollution and waste disposal pressure, does not produce harmful substances during the preparation process, and is environmentally friendly; using waste biomass as raw materials reduces production costs, and the concentration process increases the nutrient content and utilization rate of fertilizers, reduces the amount used, and reduces agricultural production costs. This method is in line with the concept of circular economy and sustainable development, promotes the resource utilization of agricultural waste, and long-term use of biomass organic concentrated fertilizer can improve the soil environment, increase soil fertility, and provide support for sustainable agricultural development. Furthermore, the biomass organic concentrated fertilizer is rich in a variety of nutrients and organic matter, which can promote the growth and development of crops. The microorganisms in the fertilizer can inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms in the soil, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and long-term use helps to build a healthy soil micro-ecosystem and promote ecological balance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the biomass organic concentrated fertilizer of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the basic raw materials in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the auxiliary materials in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the method for preparing biomass organic concentrated fertilizer in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 The figure is a flow chart of the method for the classification and itemization processing steps in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] This embodiment provides a biomass organic concentrated fertilizer, and its structural block diagram is as follows Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, including basic raw materials and auxiliary materials;

[0047] The basic ingredients include:

[0048] Floating objects, including but not limited to vegetable leaves, fruit peels, and kitchen waste;

[0049] Suspended matter, including but not limited to livestock and poultry manure, food processing waste, and municipal sewage sludge;

[0050] Sediment, including but not limited to straw, wood chips, and rice husks;

[0051] Auxiliary materials include microbial agents, regulators and concentrates.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the microbial agent includes one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and actinomycetes, which are used to accelerate the decomposition and ripening of organic materials.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the regulator includes one or two of lime and wood ash, which are used to adjust the pH value and neutralize the acidity.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the concentrator comprises one or both of lignite humic acid and a granulating agent, so as to improve the concentration and stability of the fertilizer.

[0055] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing biomass organic concentrated fertilizer, and its method flow chart is as follows: Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0056] Step 1: Raw material collection: collect various types of organic waste, and carry out preliminary classification and cleaning to remove impurities;

[0057] Step 2: pre-treatment of raw materials, crushing, pulverizing or cutting the raw materials to increase the surface area of ​​the materials to facilitate decomposition and fermentation by microorganisms;

[0058] Step 3: Classification and itemization, including:

[0059] Bulk-weight classification: using a strong-current bulk-weight classification tank to separate the collected waste biomass into three categories: floating matter, suspended matter, and sediment;

[0060] Itemized use:

[0061] Floating matter: After being crushed and dehydrated, it is used as the main raw material for fuel carbon paste;

[0062] Suspended matter: After sedimentation and filtration, impurities are removed and used as the main nutrient source of organic fertilizer;

[0063] Sediment: After being crushed and sieved, it can be used as soil fluffing material or mixed with other materials for fermentation;

[0064] Step 4: batching and mixing: the floating matter, suspended matter and sediment are mixed evenly according to the proportion;

[0065] Step 5: Physical and chemical detoxification and sterilization: Physical and chemical treatment of the mixed materials to remove toxic and harmful substances, and use high temperature or ultraviolet sterilization technology to kill pathogens and parasite eggs in the materials;

[0066] Step 6, inoculating the microbial agent, diluting the microbial agent and spraying it evenly on the mixed material;

[0067] Step 7: fermentation and composting: the inoculated materials are piled in a fermentation shed for aerobic fermentation;

[0068] Step 8, concentration and preparation, after fermentation is completed, the material is dehydrated to remove excess water; a concentrator is added to concentrate the material into a paste or liquid organic fertilizer, and the concentrated fertilizer is homogenized to ensure the quality and stability of the fertilizer;

[0069] Step nine, inspection and packaging, conduct quality inspection on the finished fertilizer, including nutrient content, pH value, and moisture content indicators. Qualified products are packaged according to the specified weight or volume, and labeled with product name, production date, nutrient content and other information.

[0070] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the mixing ratio of floating matter, suspended matter and sediment is based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) and organic matter content of the mixed fertilizer. The carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) of the mixed fertilizer ranges from 20 to 30, and can be adjusted by adding materials with a high carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N). Materials with a high carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) include but are not limited to straw and sawdust, and the organic matter content ranges from 50% to 70%.

[0071] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the addition amount of the microbial agent is 1 to 2 kg per ton of raw material.

[0072] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the temperature is controlled at 50°C to 65°C and the humidity is controlled at 55% to 65% during the fermentation process. The pile is turned regularly to adjust the temperature, provide oxygen and promote uniform fermentation of the material. The fermentation cycle is 8 to 15 days.

[0073] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, lime and wood ash regulators are added during the preparation process to adjust the pH value of the fertilizer to between 6 and 7.5, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer and the crop's ability to absorb nutrients.

[0074] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the method for homogenizing the concentrated fertilizer includes but is not limited to: high-pressure homogenizer treatment, stirring and mixing treatment, grinding and crushing treatment, and spray drying treatment.

[0075] Through the above steps and the control of key process parameters, high-quality and high-efficiency biomass organic concentrated fertilizer can be prepared. The fertilizer is not only rich in various nutrients required for plant growth, but also has multiple functions such as improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility, and promoting plant growth. Specifically, the method can make full use of waste or excess biological organic matter in production and life, such as crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, urban organic waste, etc., and convert them into valuable organic fertilizers; through classification and item processing, the resource utilization of waste biomass is realized, and environmental pollution is reduced. After physical and chemical detoxification, sterilization and fermentation and other process treatments, harmful substances in the raw materials are removed to ensure the sanitation and safety of the fertilizer. During the fermentation process, the decomposition of microorganisms produces humus and various nutrients required for plant growth, which improves the fertilizer efficiency. The concentration process makes the nutrient content in the fertilizer more concentrated and reduces the loss during transportation and storage. Paste or liquid fertilizer forms are convenient for plants to absorb and utilize, which improves the utilization rate of fertilizers; organic matter and microorganisms in biomass organic concentrated fertilizers can improve soil structure and increase soil fertility. Long-term use can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and reduce the risk of soil pollution. In addition, the method realizes the resource utilization of waste biomass, reduces environmental pollution and waste disposal pressure, does not produce harmful substances during the preparation process, and is environmentally friendly; using waste biomass as raw materials reduces production costs, and the concentration process increases the nutrient content and utilization rate of fertilizers, reduces the amount used, and reduces agricultural production costs. The method is in line with the concept of circular economy and sustainable development, promotes the resource utilization of agricultural waste, and long-term use of biomass organic concentrated fertilizers can improve the soil environment, improve soil fertility, and provide support for sustainable agricultural development. Furthermore, the biomass organic concentrated fertilizer is rich in a variety of nutrients and organic matter, which can promote the growth and development of crops. The microorganisms in the fertilizer can inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms in the soil, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, and long-term use helps to build a healthy soil micro-ecological system and promote ecological balance.

[0076] All technical features in this embodiment can be freely combined according to actual needs.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Biomass organic concentrated fertilizer, characterized in that: Including basic raw materials and auxiliary materials; The basic ingredients include: Floating objects, including but not limited to vegetable leaves, fruit peels, and kitchen waste; Suspended matter, including but not limited to livestock and poultry manure, food processing waste, and municipal sewage sludge; Sediment, including but not limited to straw, wood chips, and rice husks; Auxiliary materials include microbial agents, regulators and concentrates.

2. The biomass organic concentrated fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Microbial agents include one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and actinomycetes, and are used to accelerate the decomposition and ripening of organic materials.

3. The biomass organic concentrated fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulator includes one or both of lime and wood ash, and is used to adjust the pH value and neutralize the acidity.

4. The biomass organic concentrated fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentrate contains one or both of lignite humic acid and granulating agent, and is used to improve the concentration and stability of the fertilizer.

5. A method for preparing a biomass organic concentrated fertilizer, applied to the preparation of the biomass organic concentrated fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Raw material collection: collect various types of organic waste, and carry out preliminary classification and cleaning to remove impurities; Step 2: pre-treatment of raw materials, crushing, pulverizing or cutting the raw materials to increase the surface area of ​​the materials to facilitate decomposition and fermentation by microorganisms; Step 3: Classification and itemization, including: Bulk weight classification: using a strong current bulk weight classification tank to separate the collected waste biomass into three categories: floating matter, suspended matter, and sediment; Itemized use: Floating matter: After being crushed and dehydrated, it is used as the main raw material for fuel carbon paste; Suspended matter: After sedimentation and filtration, impurities are removed and used as the main nutrient source of organic fertilizer; Sediment: After being crushed and sieved, it can be used as soil fluffing material or mixed with other materials for fermentation; Step 4: batching and mixing: the floating matter, suspended matter and sediment are mixed evenly according to the proportion; Step 5: Physical and chemical detoxification and sterilization: Physical and chemical treatment of the mixed materials to remove toxic and harmful substances, and use high temperature or ultraviolet sterilization technology to kill pathogens and parasite eggs in the materials; Step 6, inoculating the microbial agent, diluting the microbial agent and spraying it evenly on the mixed material; Step 7: Fermentation and ripening: the inoculated materials are piled in a fermentation shed for aerobic fermentation; Step 8, concentration and preparation, after fermentation is completed, the material is dehydrated to remove excess water; a concentrator is added to concentrate the material into a paste or liquid organic fertilizer, and the concentrated fertilizer is homogenized to ensure the quality and stability of the fertilizer; Step nine, inspection and packaging, conduct quality inspection on the finished fertilizer, including nutrient content, pH value, and moisture content indicators. Qualified products are packaged according to the specified weight or volume, and labeled with product name, production date, nutrient content and other information.

6. The method for preparing biomass organic concentrated fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mixing ratio of floating matter, suspended matter and sediment is based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) and organic matter content of the mixed fertilizer. The carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) of the mixed fertilizer ranges from 20 to 30, and can be adjusted by adding materials with a high carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N). Materials with a high carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) include but are not limited to straw and sawdust. The organic matter content ranges from 50% to 70%.

7. The method for preparing biomass organic concentrated fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The amount of microbial agent added is 1 to 2 kg per ton of raw materials.

8. The method for preparing biomass organic concentrated fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the fermentation process, the temperature is controlled at 50℃~65℃, the humidity is controlled at 55%~65%, and the pile is turned regularly to adjust the temperature, provide oxygen and promote uniform fermentation of the material. The fermentation cycle is 8 to 15 days.

9. The method for preparing biomass organic concentrated fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the preparation process, lime and wood ash regulators are added to adjust the pH value of the fertilizer to between 6 and 7.5, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer and the crop's ability to absorb nutrients.

10. The method for preparing biomass organic concentrated fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The methods for homogenizing the concentrated fertilizer include, but are not limited to: high-pressure homogenizer processing, stirring and mixing processing, grinding and crushing processing, and spray drying processing.

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