Soil stabilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a soil stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of soil stabilizers. The soil stabilizer comprises humic acid, chitin, polyacrylamide, diatomite, iron powder, compound bacteria and a water-retaining agent. According to the soil stabilizer disclosed by the invention, the humic acid and the chitin are added, so that rich nutrient elements are provided for soil, and the soil structure is improved; secondly, the diatomite is modified, and the water-retaining agent is added, so that the water-retaining capacity of the soil is improved; the organic environment of the soil is improved by adding the iron powder and the compound bacteria. The soil stabilizer disclosed by the invention not only can improve the soil structure of a farmland, but also can enhance the fertility of the farmland, increase the content of organic matters in the soil and the number of microorganisms, improve the microorganism living environment of the soil, and further improve the quality and the number of crops in the farmland.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil stabilizers, and in particular to a soil stabilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of agricultural modernization, long-term traditional agricultural farming methods, such as excessive tillage, single crop planting and the use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers, have led to the gradual degradation of soil structure. Excessive tillage will destroy the aggregate structure of the soil, reduce soil porosity, and deteriorate air permeability and water permeability. Single crop planting will lead to excessive consumption of certain nutrients in the soil and imbalance of microbial communities. The use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers, especially excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers, will change the pH of the soil, affect the properties of soil colloids, and thus reduce the aggregation stability of the soil. In addition, terraces, as a land use method widely used worldwide, especially in hilly and mountainous areas, are not only an effective means to prevent soil erosion and maintain ecological balance, but also an important strategy to alleviate the contradiction between man and land, improve land use efficiency, and stabilize production. However, the newly reclaimed terraces suffered mechanical damage during the construction process, the soil structure was damaged, the raw soil was exposed, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil deteriorated, resulting in a lack of organic matter content in the newly reclaimed terraces, poor tillage layer structure, and weak water and fertilizer storage capacity. These problems seriously restrict the production potential and stress resistance and stable production capacity of farmland.

[0003] Soil stabilizer is a chemical substance that can promote chemical reactions or physical changes in soil, thereby improving its stability and strength. It mainly changes the properties of soil, such as hydrophilicity, density, permeability, etc., by contacting the surface of soil particles, thereby achieving the purpose of stabilizing the soil. Soil stabilizers are divided into organic soil stabilizers, inorganic soil stabilizers, biological soil stabilizers, and composite soil stabilizers.

[0004] It is crucial to protect arable land and improve soil quality. Different land fertility will result in different quantities and quality of crops grown on the same piece of land. Given the limited amount of existing arable land, a breakthrough must be found in the quality of arable land. In order to ensure the amount of arable land, a large area of ​​farmland has been newly reclaimed. However, the soil structure of the newly reclaimed farmland is poor, the organic matter content is low, the microbial activity is weak, and the water storage capacity is weak.

[0005] Based on this, providing a soil stabilizer that can improve the soil fertility of newly reclaimed farmland has important practical significance. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems of poor soil structure, low organic matter content, weak microbial activity and weak water storage capacity of newly reclaimed farmland in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a soil stabilizer, comprising the following components:

[0009] Humic acid, chitin, polyacrylamide, diatomaceous earth, iron powder, compound bacteria and water retaining agent.

[0010] Furthermore, the mass proportions of the components are 10-20 parts of humic acid, 10-15 parts of chitin, 8-10 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-8 parts of diatomaceous earth, 5-8 parts of iron powder, 5-10 parts of composite bacteria and 3-7 parts of water retaining agent.

[0011] Furthermore, the composite bacteria includes Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium, and the usage ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium in the composite bacteria is 1-2:2-3:1-2.

[0012] Furthermore, the water retaining agent is gelatin or lignin.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the soil stabilizer described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Mixing humic acid, chitosan and polyacrylamide, and performing a first stirring to obtain a first mixture;

[0015] Modifying the diatomaceous earth, and placing the modified diatomaceous earth in the first mixture for second stirring to obtain a second mixture;

[0016] Iron powder, composite bacteria and water retaining agent are added to the second mixture for a third stirring to obtain the soil stabilizer.

[0017] Furthermore, the modification treatment is to place the diatomaceous earth at a high temperature for roasting, and then mix it with sulfuric acid for modification after cooling. After the modification treatment is completed, it is washed and filtered, and finally dried.

[0018] Furthermore, the usage ratio of diatomaceous earth to sulfuric acid in the modification treatment is 2 to 3:1.

[0019] Furthermore, the high temperature is 400-500° C., and the calcination time is 2-3 hours; the modification treatment temperature is 90-110° C., and the time is 4-5 hours.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention adds humic acid, which is a natural organic macromolecular compound that can be used as a binder for soil aggregates. Its molecular structure contains a large number of functional groups such as carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups. These functional groups can interact with cations and minerals on the surface of soil particles through ion exchange, hydrogen bonds, etc. This improvement in the aggregate structure significantly improves the air permeability and water permeability of the soil. In a well-ventilated soil, plant roots can breathe better, absorb oxygen, and discharge carbon dioxide; the enhanced water permeability helps the soil to drain quickly after rainfall or irrigation, avoiding problems such as root hypoxia caused by water accumulation. In addition, humic acid itself contains rich nutrients such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. These elements can provide energy sources and nutrients for soil microorganisms. In the process of decomposing humic acid, microorganisms will release nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium required for plant growth, thereby improving soil fertility; similarly, chitin plays the same role as humic acid, which can improve soil structure, promote soil microbial activity, and improve soil water retention and fertility.

[0022] (2) The present invention removes impurities in diatomaceous earth by modifying the diatomaceous earth, significantly increases the content of silicon dioxide, and significantly increases the specific surface area of ​​the diatomaceous earth, thereby further improving the water absorption and water retention of the improved soil, and synergizing with the water retaining agent to increase the water holding capacity of the soil and improve the water retention capacity of the soil;

[0023] (3) The present invention also adds iron powder and composite bacteria, wherein iron powder can improve soil fertility, improve soil structure, increase soil organic matter content and total nitrogen content, and improve soil fertility level. At the same time, iron powder can also promote the formation of soil aggregates and improve soil stability; composite bacteria are mainly used in soil stabilizers to improve the soil microbial environment and promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms. By supplementing a large number of beneficial bacteria in the soil, the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria can be inhibited, and the incidence of soil-borne diseases and plant diseases can be reduced. At the same time, composite bacteria can also decompose soil organic matter, release ineffective phosphorus in the soil, and balance soil acidity and alkalinity;

[0024] (4) The present invention limits the components of the soil stabilizer, thereby improving the fertility, organic matter content, microbial activity, water retention, etc. of the farmland, thereby improving the soil fertility of the farmland and further improving the quantity and quality of crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It is crucial to protect arable land and improve soil quality. If the soil fertility of a piece of land is different, the quantity and quality of crops grown will vary greatly. Given the limited amount of existing arable land, it is necessary to find a breakthrough in the quality of arable land. In order to ensure the amount of arable land, a large area of ​​farmland has been newly reclaimed. However, the soil structure of the newly reclaimed farmland is poor, the organic matter content is low, the microbial activity is weak, and the water storage capacity is weak. Based on this:

[0026] The present invention provides a soil stabilizer, comprising the following components:

[0027] Humic acid, chitin, polyacrylamide, diatomaceous earth, iron powder, compound bacteria and water retaining agent.

[0028] In the present invention, the mass proportions of the components are preferably 10-20 parts of humic acid, 10-15 parts of chitosan, 8-10 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-8 parts of diatomaceous earth, 5-8 parts of iron powder, 5-10 parts of composite bacteria and 3-7 parts of water-retaining agent; further preferably, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 10-12 parts of chitosan, 8-9 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-6 parts of diatomaceous earth, 5-6 parts of iron powder, 5-8 parts of composite bacteria and 3-5 parts of water-retaining agent.

[0029] The present invention adds humic acid, which is a natural organic macromolecular compound that can be used as a binder for soil aggregates. Its molecular structure contains a large number of functional groups such as carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups. These functional groups can interact with cations and minerals on the surface of soil particles through ion exchange, hydrogen bonds, etc. This improvement in the aggregate structure significantly improves the air permeability and water permeability of the soil. In a well-aerated soil, plant roots can breathe better, absorb oxygen, and expel carbon dioxide; enhanced water permeability helps the soil drain quickly after rainfall or irrigation, avoiding problems such as root hypoxia caused by water accumulation. In addition, humic acid itself is rich in nutrients such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which can provide energy sources and nutrients for soil microorganisms. In the process of decomposing humic acid, microorganisms will release nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium required for plant growth, thereby improving soil fertility.

[0030] Chitin is a nitrogen-containing polysaccharide that can be decomposed into chitosan and other products by microorganisms in the soil. These products have good viscosity and can adsorb soil particles, bind them together, form aggregates, and increase the stability of the soil; in addition, chitin is a high-quality carbon and nitrogen source for soil microorganisms. In the process of decomposing chitin, microorganisms can multiply in large numbers, thereby increasing the number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. These beneficial microorganisms can decompose organic matter in the soil and release nutrients, such as converting organic nitrogen into ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen for plant absorption and utilization. Chitin can increase the cation exchange capacity of the soil, allowing the soil to absorb more nutrient ions, such as potassium ions, ammonium ions, etc., thereby improving the soil's ability to retain fertilizer. At the same time, because chitin improves the aggregate structure of the soil, the soil porosity increases, which can store more water and improve the soil's water retention capacity.

[0031] In the present invention, the composite bacteria preferably includes Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium, and the usage ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium in the composite bacteria is preferably 1-2:2-3:1-2, and more preferably 1:2:2.

[0032] The composite bacteria in the soil stabilizer of the present invention are mainly used to improve the soil microbial environment and promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms. By supplementing a large number of beneficial bacteria in the soil, the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria can be inhibited, and the occurrence rate of soil-borne diseases and plant diseases can be reduced. At the same time, the composite bacteria can also decompose soil organic matter, release ineffective phosphorus in the soil, and balance the soil acidity and alkalinity.

[0033] In the present invention, the water retaining agent is preferably gelatin or lignin.

[0034] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the soil stabilizer described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Mixing humic acid, chitosan and polyacrylamide, and performing a first stirring to obtain a first mixture;

[0036] Modifying the diatomaceous earth, and placing the modified diatomaceous earth in the first mixture for second stirring to obtain a second mixture;

[0037] Iron powder, composite bacteria and water retaining agent are added to the second mixture for a third stirring to obtain the soil stabilizer.

[0038] In the present invention, the modification treatment is preferably to place the diatomaceous earth at a high temperature for roasting, and then to mix it with sulfuric acid for modification after cooling, and then to wash and filter it after the modification treatment is completed, and finally to dry it.

[0039] The invention removes impurities in the diatomaceous earth by modifying the diatomaceous earth, significantly increases the content of silicon dioxide, and significantly increases the specific surface area of ​​the diatomaceous earth, thereby further improving the water absorption and water retention of the improved soil.

[0040] In the present invention, the ratio of diatomaceous earth to sulfuric acid in the modification treatment is preferably 2 to 3:1, more preferably 2:1.

[0041] In the present invention, sulfuric acid preferably has a mass concentration of 60 to 70%.

[0042] In the present invention, the high temperature is 400-500°C, more preferably 400-450°C; the calcination time is preferably 2-3 hours, more preferably 2-2.5 hours; the modification treatment temperature is preferably 90-110°C, more preferably 90-100°C; the time is preferably 4-5 hours, more preferably 4-4.5 hours.

[0043] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] (1) Mix 10 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of chitosan and 8 parts of polyacrylamide and stir evenly;

[0046] (2) calcining 5 parts of diatomaceous earth at 400° C. for 2 hours, cooling naturally to 90° C. and maintaining the temperature, mixing the diatomaceous earth with 2.5 parts of 60% sulfuric acid for 4 hours for modification, washing, filtering and drying the diatomaceous earth after the modification, and then placing the diatomaceous earth in the mixture obtained in step (1) and stirring evenly;

[0047] (3) Add 5 parts of iron powder, 5 parts of composite bacteria, 8 parts of composite fiber and 3 parts of gelatin to the above mixture, wherein the composite bacteria include 1 part of Bacillus licheniformis, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis and 2 parts of Bacillus megaterium, and mix well to obtain the soil remediation agent.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] (1) Mix 20 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of chitosan and 10 parts of polyacrylamide and stir evenly;

[0050] (2) 8 parts of diatomaceous earth are calcined at 500° C. for 3 hours, cooled naturally to 110° C. and maintained at this temperature, and mixed with 4 parts of 60% sulfuric acid for 5 hours for modification. After the modification, the diatomaceous earth is washed, filtered and dried, and then placed in the mixture obtained in step (1) and stirred evenly;

[0051] (3) Add 6 parts of iron powder, 8 parts of composite bacteria, 10 parts of composite fiber and 4 parts of gelatin to the above mixture, wherein the composite bacteria include 1.6 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 3.2 parts of Bacillus subtilis and 3.2 parts of Bacillus megaterium, and mix well to obtain the soil remediation agent.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] (1) Mix 15 parts of humic acid, 12 parts of chitosan and 9 parts of polyacrylamide and stir evenly;

[0054] (2) calcining 6 parts of diatomaceous earth at 450° C. for 2.5 hours, cooling naturally to 100° C. and maintaining the temperature, mixing the diatomaceous earth with 3 parts of sulfuric acid having a mass concentration of 70% for 4.5 hours for modification, washing, filtering and drying the diatomaceous earth after the modification, and then placing the diatomaceous earth in the mixture obtained in step (1) and stirring evenly;

[0055] (3) Add 8 parts of iron powder, 10 parts of composite bacteria and 5 parts of gelatin to the above mixture, wherein the composite bacteria include 2 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 4 parts of Bacillus subtilis and 4 parts of Bacillus megaterium, and mix well to obtain the soil remediation agent.

[0056] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil stabilizer, characterized in that: Includes the following components: Humic acid, chitin, polyacrylamide, diatomaceous earth, iron powder, compound bacteria and water retaining agent.

2. The soil stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass proportions of the components are 10-20 parts of humic acid, 10-15 parts of chitin, 8-10 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-8 parts of diatomaceous earth, 5-8 parts of iron powder, 5-10 parts of composite bacteria and 3-7 parts of water retaining agent.

3. The soil stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bacteria include Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium, and the usage ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium in the composite bacteria is 1-2:2-3:1-2.

4. The soil stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water retaining agent is gelatin or lignin.

5. A method for preparing the soil stabilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Mixing humic acid, chitosan and polyacrylamide, and performing a first stirring to obtain a first mixture; Modifying the diatomaceous earth, and placing the modified diatomaceous earth in the first mixture for second stirring to obtain a second mixture; Iron powder, composite bacteria and water retaining agent are added to the second mixture for a third stirring to obtain the soil stabilizer.

6. The method for preparing a soil stabilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The modification treatment is to place the diatomaceous earth at a high temperature for roasting, and then mix it with sulfuric acid for modification after cooling. After the modification treatment is completed, it is washed and filtered, and finally dried.

7. The method for preparing a soil stabilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The usage ratio of diatomaceous earth to sulfuric acid in the modification treatment is 2 to 3:

1.

8. The method for preparing a soil stabilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high temperature is 400-500° C., and the calcination time is 2-3 hours; the modification treatment temperature is 90-110° C., and the time is 4-5 hours.