Soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil treatment and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil treatment and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of soil conditioners. The soil conditioner provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of a fermentation substrate and 6-10 parts of a complex microbial inoculant, the fermentation substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corncob, 15-20 parts of coconut powder, 3-5 parts of activated carbon, 20-30 parts of sheep manure and 10-20 parts of vinasse; the complex microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of white-rot fungi, 1-2 parts of trichoderma viride, 1-2 parts of high-temperature-resistant saccharomycetes, 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of halophilic bacteria, 1-2 parts of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria. The soil conditioner provided by the invention not only prolongs the duration time of the improvement effect, but also can greatly improve the proliferation of effective microbial communities, and provides favorable conditions for crop growth. Meanwhile, the adopted raw materials are simple, easy to obtain and low in cost, pollution risks to soil and underground water are avoided, and the method is suitable for large-area application and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of soil conditioners, and in particular, relates to a soil conditioner for treating saline-alkali land and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The rational development and utilization of saline-alkali land can effectively solve the problem of land resource shortage in my country and alleviate the food crisis. Saline-alkali land management and improvement agents, also known as saline-alkali land soil conditioners, can improve soil porosity, permeability and exchangeability, and plant survival rate, increase beneficial bacteria and soil microorganisms, and make the soil more suitable for the growth environment of crops, thereby promoting the absorption of nutrients by crops and significantly achieving the effect of increasing production. However, the existing saline-alkali land management and improvement agents have the problems of short effect duration, secondary pollution, high cost, and small scope of application, which limit their wide application. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the saline-alkali land management and improvement agents to improve their comprehensive performance.

[0003] The prior art with application publication number CN 107746355 A discloses a conditioner, which is made by complex fermentation of activated carbon, 30-50 parts of diatomaceous earth, 100-150 parts of cattle and sheep manure, 30-50 parts of wine lees, 30-50 parts of expanded vermiculite powder, 50-80 parts of straw and 25-35 parts of microbial agent, and can effectively improve the salt content and pH value in saline-alkali land.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned saline-alkali soil conditioners have the following problems: 1) Existing improvers contain chemical substances, which, while removing soil salt, cause potential pollution to the soil and groundwater, affecting the long-term health of the soil and even endangering crop safety; 2) The effect lasts for a limited time, and repeated applications are required to maintain the improved soil state, increasing labor costs and production costs; 3) It is difficult to effectively adapt to various saline-alkali lands. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application discloses a soil conditioner for treating saline-alkali land and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems of existing soil conditioners such as potential pollution to soil and groundwater, short duration of effect, small scope of application and high cost.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of this application is:

[0007] The first aspect of the present application provides a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land treatment, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of fermentation substrate, 6-10 parts of composite bacterial agent;

[0008] The fermentation matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn cobs, 15-20 parts of coconut powder, 3-5 parts of activated carbon, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, and 10-20 parts of distiller's grains;

[0009] The composite bacterial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of white rot fungi, 1-2 parts of green Trichoderma, 1-2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of halophilic bacteria, 1-2 parts of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, preferably, the composite bacterial agent includes the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 1 part of lactic acid bacteria.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, preferably, the composite bacterial agent includes the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 1 part of lactic acid bacteria.

[0012] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner according to the first aspect, the preparation method comprising:

[0013] The soil conditioner is obtained by crushing and mixing corn cobs, coconut powder, activated carbon, sheep manure and distiller's grains, adding white rot fungi, green trichoderma, thermostable yeast, Bacillus subtilis, halophilic bacteria, alkali-resistant bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-lyzing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria for fermentation.

[0014] In combination with the second aspect, preferably, after the corn cob, coconut powder, activated carbon, sheep manure and wine lees are crushed and mixed, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25-30.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, preferably, when the white rot fungi, trichoderma viride, thermostable yeast and bacillus subtilis are added for fermentation, the temperature is 35-40°C, the cycle is 7-12 days, and the pile is turned every 2-3 days.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, preferably, the viable count of the white rot fungus is 5×10 8 CFU / g;

[0017] The viable count of the green mold is 5×10 7 CFU / g.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, preferably, the viable count of the thermostable yeast is 5×10 8 CFU / g;

[0019] The viable count of the Bacillus subtilis is 5×10 8 CFU / g.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, preferably, the viable cell count of the halophilic bacteria is 1×108 CFU / g;

[0021] The viable count of the alkali-resistant bacteria is 1×10 8 CFU / g.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, preferably, the viable bacterial count of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria is 1×10 8 CFU / g;

[0023] The viable bacterial count of the phosphate-lysing bacteria is 1×10 7 CFU / g;

[0024] The viable count of the lactic acid bacteria is 5×10 8 CFU / g.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages or beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include at least:

[0026] The soil conditioner for saline-alkali land treatment provided in the present application is made of fermentation matrix and composite bacterial agent in different weight proportions; on the one hand, it can provide a stable carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) and a porous structure, and is suitable for different types of saline-alkali land; on the other hand, it can effectively increase the porosity and moisture retention of the soil, thereby prolonging the duration of the improvement effect and increasing the action cycle in the soil; on the third hand, by regulating the addition amount of each substance in the composite bacterial agent, it can greatly increase the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, improve the soil microbial community structure, improve the salinity and alkalinity of the soil, provide useful nutrients, and provide favorable conditions for crop growth; at the same time, the raw material fermentation matrix used in the present application is agricultural waste and industrial by-products, which are simple and easy to obtain, low in cost, safe and non-toxic, avoiding the risk of pollution to the soil and groundwater, and are suitable for large-scale promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A process flow chart for preparing a soil conditioner according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the oil sunflower after being improved with the soil conditioner prepared in the example of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] In the following description of this embodiment, the term "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] In the following description of this embodiment, the term "at least one" refers to one or more, and "plurality" refers to two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b or c", or "at least one of a, b and c", can all represent: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple, respectively.

[0033] Those skilled in the art should understand that in the following description of the embodiments of the present application, the order of serial numbers does not mean the order of execution, some or all of the steps can be executed in parallel or sequentially, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0035] It should be noted that all raw materials and reagents in the examples of the present application were purchased on the market or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0036] In a first aspect, the present application provides a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land treatment, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of fermentation substrate, 6-10 parts of composite bacterial agent;

[0037] The fermentation matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn cobs, 15-20 parts of coconut powder, 3-5 parts of activated carbon, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, and 10-20 parts of distiller's grains;

[0038] The composite bacterial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of white rot fungi, 1-2 parts of green Trichoderma, 1-2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of halophilic bacteria, 1-2 parts of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0039] Among them, on the one hand, it can provide a stable carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) and porous structure, and is suitable for different types of saline-alkali land; on the second hand, it can effectively increase the porosity and moisture retention of the soil, thereby prolonging the duration of the improvement effect and increasing the action period in the soil; on the third hand, by regulating the addition amount of each substance in the composite bacterial agent, it can greatly increase the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, improve the soil microbial community structure, improve the salinity of the soil, provide useful nutrients, and provide favorable conditions for crop growth; at the same time, the raw material fermentation matrix used in this application is agricultural waste and industrial by-products, which are simple and easy to obtain, low cost, safe and non-toxic, avoiding the risk of soil and groundwater pollution, and suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0040] It should be noted that the present application not only improves the air permeability and water retention capacity of the soil by reasonably selecting corn cobs and coconut powder raw materials, but also provides abundant carbon sources and fibers for microorganisms, so that the improver can be effectively applied in different types of saline-alkali land. Corn cobs are rich in cellulose, which can provide a good carbon source for microorganisms, promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, and improve the water permeability of the soil. Coconut powder has good water retention and air permeability, can effectively increase the porosity of the soil, and improve the water retention capacity and air permeability of saline-alkali soil.

[0041] It should be noted that the present application effectively increases the porosity and moisture retention of the soil by adding activated carbon and coconut powder, thereby prolonging the duration of the improvement effect. The addition of activated carbon further enhances the adsorption capacity of heavy metals and toxic substances in the soil, thereby protecting the root system of crops and improving the soil ecological environment.

[0042] It should be noted that the sheep manure and brewing waste used in this application provide organic matter and trace elements as nutrient solution. The improver generated by microbial fermentation is safe and non-toxic, effectively avoiding the risk of soil and groundwater pollution. Sheep manure provides organic matter and part of the nitrogen source, which can effectively improve soil fertility and promote the absorption of nutrients by crops, especially major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Brewing waste is rich in organic acids, amino acids and a variety of trace elements, which helps to improve the microbial activity of the soil and enhance the biological fertility of the soil.

[0043] In the present application embodiment, the composite bacterial agent includes the following components in parts: 3-5 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 1 part of lactic acid bacteria; more preferably 5 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 1 part of lactic acid bacteria. Wherein, by controlling the addition amount of each bacterial agent, an environment more suitable for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms is selected, and microorganisms are in the most reasonable quantity range when using nutrients, and the decomposition and utilization of fermentation substrates are more sufficient. In the synergistic effect of different strains, it is possible to effectively decompose organic matter, fix nitrogen, dissolve phosphorus, improve soil microecology in saline-alkali soil environments, and neutralize alkaline soils by producing substances such as organic acids, thereby enhancing the absorption and utilization of nutrients by crops. In particular, the addition of salt-resistant bacteria and alkali-resistant bacteria can further ensure the activity of microorganisms in high-salt and high-alkali environments.

[0044] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner according to the first aspect, the preparation method comprising:

[0045] The soil conditioner is obtained by crushing and mixing corn cobs, coconut powder, activated carbon, sheep manure and distiller's grains, adding white rot fungi, green trichoderma, thermostable yeast, Bacillus subtilis, halophilic bacteria, alkali-resistant bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-lyzing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria for fermentation.

[0046] It should be noted that the present application mixes corn cobs, coconut powder, activated carbon, and sheep manure in proportion, and adds waste from apple winery brewing as a liquid nutrient solution to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) of the material to between 25-30. A certain number of fermentation strains (high temperature resistant yeast, green Trichoderma, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus subtilis) are added to ensure that the microorganisms can quickly activate and decompose organic matter during the fermentation process. The initial moisture content of the material is adjusted to 50-60%, the fermentation temperature is maintained at 35-40°C, the fermentation cycle is 7-12 days, and the pile is turned every 2-3 days to ensure sufficient aeration and uniform fermentation. After the fermentation period, the material should appear loose, dark brown, with good soil conditioning properties and a high nutrient content.

[0047] In the present embodiment, the viable count of the white rot fungus is preferably 5×10 8 CFU / g; the viable count of the green mold is preferably 5×10 7 CFU / g; the viable count of the thermostable yeast is preferably 5×10 8 CFU / g; the viable count of Bacillus subtilis is preferably 5×10 8 CFU / g; the viable count of the halophilic bacteria is preferably 1×10 8CFU / g; the viable count of the alkali-resistant bacteria is preferably 1×10 8 CFU / g; the viable bacterial count of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria is preferably 1×10 8 CFU / g; the viable bacterial count of the phosphate-lysing bacteria is preferably 1×10 7 CFU / g; the viable count of the lactic acid bacteria is preferably 5×10 8 CFU / g. Among them, by controlling the number of live bacteria of the above-mentioned bacterial agents, the microorganisms can efficiently and synergistically decompose the crop residues rich in lignin and cellulose during the fermentation process, inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria, and buffer and stabilize the salt and alkaline ions in the soil to a certain extent; at the same time, functional bacteria such as halophiles, alkali-resistant bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate-lyzing bacteria can also maintain good growth activity in high-salt and high-alkali environments, providing comprehensive guarantees for the subsequent restoration of the soil ecological environment and crop growth. The final finished soil conditioner not only has a loose structure and rich nutrient content, but also has high microbial activity and strong adsorption capacity for heavy metals and toxic substances. It is suitable for long-term improvement and ecological restoration of various types of saline-alkali land.

[0048] The technical solution of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for preparing A1-soil conditioner, according to Figure 1 The preparation process shown specifically includes:

[0051] S101: 30 parts of corn cobs, 15 parts of coconut powder, 3 parts of activated carbon, and 20 parts of sheep manure are mixed in proportion, and 10 parts of cider factory brewing waste are added as liquid nutrient solution to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) of the material to between 25 and 30, to obtain a fermentation substrate;

[0052] S102: 1 part of white rot fungi, 1 part of green Trichoderma, 1 part of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria and 1 part of lactic acid bacteria are inoculated into the mixed fermentation matrix, the initial moisture content of the material is adjusted to 50-60%, the fermentation temperature is maintained at 35-40°C, the fermentation cycle is 10 days, and the pile is turned every 2-3 days to ensure sufficient aeration and uniform fermentation. After the fermentation is completed, high-temperature drying is carried out to remove moisture to obtain A1-soil conditioner.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of A2-soil conditioner, and the component ratio, preparation operation and process parameters are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that the composite bacterial agent in this embodiment is 1 part of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria and 1 part of lactic acid bacteria to obtain A2-soil conditioner.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of A3-soil conditioner, and the component ratio, preparation operation and process parameters are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that the composite bacterial agent in the present embodiment is 2 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria and 1 part of lactic acid bacteria to obtain A3-soil conditioner.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of A4-soil conditioner, and the component ratio, preparation operation and process parameters are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that the composite bacterial agent in the present embodiment is 3 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria and 1 part of lactic acid bacteria to obtain A4-soil conditioner.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of A5-soil conditioner, and the component ratio, preparation operation and process parameters are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that the composite bacterial agent in this embodiment is 4 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria and 1 part of lactic acid bacteria to obtain A5-soil conditioner.

[0061] Example 6

[0062] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of A6-soil conditioner, and the component ratio, preparation operation and process parameters are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that the composite bacterial agent in the present embodiment is 5 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria and 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria to obtain A6-soil conditioner.

[0063] At the same time, in order to verify the comprehensive performance of the soil conditioner prepared in the above examples, the present application provides the following comparative examples for detailed description.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] The component ratio, preparation operation and process parameters of the B1-soil conditioner prepared in the comparative example of the present application are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that no nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-lyzing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria are added in this embodiment, that is, the composite bacterial agent is 5 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria and 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, to obtain B1-soil conditioner.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] The component ratio, preparation operation and process parameters of the B2-soil conditioner prepared in the comparative example of the present application are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that no halophilic bacteria or alkali-resistant bacteria are added in the present embodiment, that is, the composite bacterial agent is 5 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria and 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria to obtain B2-soil conditioner.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] The component ratio, preparation operation and process parameters of the B3-soil conditioner prepared in the comparative example of the present application are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that halophilic bacteria, alkali-resistant bacteria, green Trichoderma and thermostable yeast are not added in this embodiment, that is, the composite bacterial agent is 5 parts of white rot fungi, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria and 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria to obtain B3-soil conditioner.

[0070] Comparative Example 4

[0071] The component ratio, preparation operation and process parameters of the B4-soil conditioner prepared in the comparative example of the present application are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that the composite bacterial agent in this embodiment is 8 parts of white rot fungi, 4 parts of green Trichoderma, 4 parts of thermostable yeast, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 4 parts of halophilic bacteria, 4 parts of alkali-resistant bacteria, 2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 2 parts of phosphate-lyzing bacteria and 4 parts of lactic acid bacteria to obtain B4-soil conditioner.

[0072] In order to verify the effects of the strains prepared in the examples of the present application and the amount of strains added on the improver, the present application has performed relevant characterizations on the improver prepared in the examples:

[0073] (1) Determination of viable bacterial count during fermentation

[0074] With reference to the standard NY / T 2321-2013, the traditional plate colony counting method was adopted to determine the effective viable bacterial count.

[0075] The microbial samples were obtained by multi-point sampling, that is, appropriate amounts of samples were taken from the top, middle and bottom of the material, mixed evenly and set aside. Accurately weigh 10.00 g of the mixed sample into 100 mL of sterile water, shake and let stand for a while, then take 10 mL and add it to a conical flask containing 90 mL of sterile water, shake and mix to form a basic bacterial suspension. Take 1 mL of the basic bacterial suspension and add it to a test tube containing 9 mL of sterile water, mix to obtain 10 -1 Multiple bacterial solution, dilute it in sequence to get 10 -2 , 10 -3 Up to 10 -7 , 10 -8 Equal multiple bacterial suspension. Select appropriate dilution gradients to make three parallel culture media, add 0.2mL of bacterial suspension to each plate and spread evenly, invert and culture in a 33℃ constant temperature incubator, observe the colony morphology, take out when single colonies are completely formed, select appropriate dilution plates and count colonies according to standard regulations.

[0076] (2) Determination of nucleic acid content

[0077] The determination of nucleic acid in biomass during solid-state fermentation was carried out by ultraviolet absorption method.

[0078] Extraction and determination method of nucleic acid in solid fermentation products: accurately weigh 0.3g of dry culture, grind appropriately, add 25mL of 5% trichloroacetic acid solution, extract in a constant temperature water bath at 80℃ for 25min, stir continuously, cool in ice water bath after taking out, then centrifuge at 8000r / min, 4℃ for 15min, dilute 5 times and use for determination. The unfermented solid matrix is ​​treated in the same way as a blank control, and the OD values ​​of the sample solution and the control solution are measured at 260nm.

[0079] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0080] Table 1 Test results of viable bacteria count and nucleic acid content in Examples and Comparative Examples

[0081]

[0082] According to the test results in Table 1, the effective viable bacteria count of A6-soil conditioner is the highest, which is 530 million / g, indicating that the composite bacterial agent ratio is optimal, which is conducive to the proliferation and activity maintenance of the flora. The viable bacteria counts of comparative examples B1, B2, and B3 are significantly lower, and the absence of some key bacterial agents affects the activity and function of the flora. A6-soil conditioner has the highest nucleic acid content, which is 1.61 mg / g, proving that the microbial reproduction activity is the highest. The nucleic acid content of comparative examples B1, B2, and B3 is low, especially B2 and B3, indicating that the strain activity and metabolic level are weak. The carbon-nitrogen ratio in the embodiment is between 25.5-29.8, which is in a more ideal fermentation range. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the comparative example deviates greatly, which may affect the metabolic activity and nutrient cycle efficiency of the microorganisms.

[0083] According to Table 4, the excessive addition of bacterial agents in the B4-soil conditioner prepared in Comparative Example 4 did not bring better results. The effective number of live bacteria in the B4 group was 350 million / g, which was significantly lower than that in the A6-soil conditioner (530 million / g). Excessive strains caused resource competition and niche competition between the bacterial communities, resulting in some strains being unable to colonize and grow normally. The nucleic acid content in the B4 group was 1.30 mg / g, which was lower than the optimal ratio (1.61 mg / g in the A6 group). Microorganisms have metabolic disorders in high-density environments, cell activity decreases, and nucleic acid synthesis is inhibited. The carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) in the B4 group was 35.5, which was significantly higher than the optimal ratio (29.8 in the A6 group). Therefore, excessive strains failed to fully decompose organic matter, resulting in a high carbon-nitrogen ratio, affecting the normal metabolism and nutrient cycle of soil microorganisms.

[0084] In summary, A6-soil conditioner performed best in terms of effective live bacteria count, nucleic acid content and carbon-nitrogen ratio, verifying the high efficiency of this bacterial agent formula in soil improvement. Through comparative verification, it can be seen that B1-soil conditioner: lack of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria, resulting in limited bacterial function. B2-soil conditioner: lack of halophilic bacteria and alkali-resistant bacteria, resulting in insufficient stability of the bacterial community under saline-alkali environment. B3-soil conditioner: lack of green Trichoderma and thermostable yeast, resulting in low efficiency of organic matter decomposition. B4--Soil conditioner: Excessive addition of bacterial agents leads to a decrease in effect due to competition for bacterial resources, accumulation of metabolites and imbalance of the bacterial community. The embodiments of the present application verify that the use of each microbial agent requires scientific proportioning and theoretical derivation, rather than a simple combination.

[0085] Through the above optimization experiments, the effectiveness and scientificity of the soil conditioner of the present application under different bacterial agent ratios were verified, providing a solid theoretical basis and practical basis for its application in agricultural production and saline-alkali land improvement.

[0086] Actual time: June 2023-July 2024, implementation location: Wangtanzi saline-alkali land, Duiziliang Town, Dingbian County, Shaanxi Province, soil samples were taken from the implementation site and the blank control group, and the contents of soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, salt content, sodium ion, carbonate, bicarbonate, total lead, total cadmium, and total mercury were measured. Sampling method: "Snake sampling method", sampling depth is 2-20cm. Soil pH determination method: Use glass electrode method for determination. Soil total salt determination method: Use conductivity method for determination. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0087] Table 2 Comparison of contents before and after saline-alkali land treatment

[0088]

[0089] According to Table 2, the soil conditioner provided in the present application has a significant improvement effect on saline-alkali land, and can: reduce soil pH from 9.90 to 8.30, alleviating the problem of alkaline soil; significantly increase organic matter and available phosphorus, improving soil fertility; significantly reduce salt content and sodium ion concentration, and alleviate salinization; significantly reduce the content of various heavy metals, reducing the risk of soil toxicity.

[0090] In order to further verify the improvement effect of the prepared soil conditioner on the growth and development of crops, the planting experiment was divided into three groups: one group was all saline-alkali soil in the implementation area, and no soil conditioner was added, which was set as a blank group; one group was a test group in which the A6-soil conditioner prepared in this application was added in a compound ratio of 1:1 with the soil; each experimental group planted 5 square meters, and the lighting, watering and other treatments were kept consistent. Radishes or oil sunflowers were picked during the ripening period of radishes or oil sunflowers, and the weight of individual radishes or oil sunflowers was recorded, and the average value was calculated to characterize the biomass of crops. The test results are shown in Tables 3 and 4:

[0091] Table 3 Comparison of the growth and development of radish

[0092]

[0093] Table 4 Comparison of the growth and development of oil sunflower

[0094]

[0095] The soil conditioner provided in this application has achieved significant yield-increasing effects on various crops. The emergence rate and yield of the blank group were low, indicating that saline-alkali soil had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of radish and oil sunflower. After the test group added A6-soil conditioner, the emergence rate of radish and oil sunflower was significantly improved, and the yield increased significantly. A6-soil conditioner significantly improved the soil structure, increased the activity of beneficial microorganisms, and improved the growth environment of crops.

[0096] Therefore, the soil conditioner provided by the present application includes the following components by weight: 1000 parts of fermentation matrix, 6-10 parts of composite bacterial agent; the fermentation matrix includes the following components by weight: 30-40 parts of corn cobs, 15-20 parts of coconut powder, 3-5 parts of activated carbon, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, 10-20 parts of lees; the composite bacterial agent includes the following components by weight: 1-5 parts of white rot fungi, 1-2 parts of green Trichoderma, 1-2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of halophilic bacteria, 1-2 parts of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria. Soil conditioners have significant advantages in improving the properties of saline-alkali soil and promoting crop growth. By extending the duration of the soil improvement effect and increasing the action cycle of the soil conditioner in the soil, the proliferation of beneficial bacteria can be significantly improved, and the structure of the soil microbial community can be optimized, thereby providing a more favorable growth environment for crops. In addition, the fermentation matrix in the soil conditioner is derived from agricultural waste and industrial by-products. These raw materials are not only abundant in source and low in cost, but also naturally non-toxic, and will not cause pollution risks to the soil and groundwater during use. Therefore, the soil conditioner prepared in this application has a high industrial utilization value, and is particularly suitable for promotion and application in large-scale agricultural production, increasing the yield of various crops and soil health, and making positive contributions to the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0097] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0098] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features therein may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for saline-alkali land management, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of fermentation substrate and 6-10 parts of composite bacterial agent; The fermentation matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn cobs, 15-20 parts of coconut powder, 3-5 parts of activated carbon, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, and 10-20 parts of distiller's grains; The composite bacterial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of white rot fungi, 1-2 parts of green Trichoderma, 1-2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of halophilic bacteria, 1-2 parts of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

2. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The composite bacterial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

3. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The composite bacterial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of white rot fungi, 2 parts of green Trichoderma, 2 parts of thermostable yeast, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of halophilic bacteria, 1 part of alkali-resistant bacteria, 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-lyzing bacteria, and 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

4. A method for preparing the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: The soil conditioner is obtained by crushing and mixing corn cobs, coconut powder, activated carbon, sheep manure and distiller's grains, adding white rot fungi, green trichoderma, thermostable yeast, Bacillus subtilis, halophilic bacteria, alkali-resistant bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-lyzing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria for fermentation.

5. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the corn cob, coconut powder, activated carbon, sheep manure and wine lees are crushed and mixed, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25-30.

6. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the white rot fungi, green Trichoderma, high temperature resistant yeast and Bacillus subtilis are added for fermentation, the temperature is 35-40°C, the cycle is 7-12 days, and the pile is turned every 2-3 days.

7. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The viable count of the white rot fungus was 5×10 8 CFU / g; The viable count of the green mold is 5×10 7 CFU / g.

8. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The viable count of the thermostable yeast is 5×10 8 CFU / g; The viable count of the Bacillus subtilis is 5×10 8 CFU / g.

9. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The viable count of the halophilic bacteria is 1×10 8 CFU / g; The viable count of the alkali-resistant bacteria is 1×10 8 CFU / g.

10. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The viable bacterial count of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria is 1×10 8 CFU / g; The viable bacterial count of the phosphate-lysing bacteria is 1×10 7 CFU / g; The viable count of the lactic acid bacteria is 5×10 8 CFU / g.

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