A microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fluidized coal mining technology, and in particular to a microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification, comprising a raw material mixing system, a degradation reaction system, a gas and liquid detection system, and a biological separation system. The raw material mixing system is connected to the degradation reaction system through a pipeline, the degradation reaction system is connected to the gas and liquid detection system, and the gas detection system is connected to the biological separation system. The operation, result monitoring, data regulation, etc. of the entire device are all controlled by an intelligent control system. The present invention has strong controllability, high convenience, and easy operation. It can observe the coal microbial gasification process from a microscopic perspective and explore the essence of the coal microbial gasification reaction, and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluidized coal mining, in particular to a microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification. Background Art

[0002] Coal microbial gasification technology, based on the theory of anaerobic fermentation, aims to degrade organic components in coal through the specialized metabolic pathways and enzyme systems of native coalbed microorganisms, producing products such as methane, CO2, and light hydrocarbons. Coal biodegradation technology is clean, efficient, and flexible, and holds considerable potential for improving coal mining and utilization efficiency. Currently, this method has low methane production efficiency. This is due to the complex structure of coal, which contains organic matter such as lignin, cycloalkanes, and aromatic compounds that are difficult to hydrolyze, making it an unsuitable substrate for biodegradation. Methanogens can only utilize a limited number of compounds, such as CO2, acetic acid, and methyl compounds, to produce methane. Anaerobic degradation also involves high community diversity, complex metabolic mechanisms, and competitive relationships among some bacterial communities. The energy cost of microbial life determines the tolerance of inorganic salts, resulting in varying tolerance limits for different methanogens and the varying availability of nutrients, limiting the anaerobic degradation process across different pathways. Currently, methane production enhancement efforts often involve the addition of metabolic intermediates, nutrients, and trace elements to enhance microbial activity. Therefore, from a microscopic perspective, it is of great significance to clarify the degradation pathways of key intermediates, understand the response characteristics of microbial communities to external stimuli, and explain the production pathways of biomethane.

[0003] Microfluidics chips are a scientific technology primarily characterized by the manipulation of fluids at the micrometer scale. They centralize fundamental operational units in fields like chemistry and biology onto a chip measuring just a few square centimeters. Microchannels form a network, allowing controlled fluid flow throughout the system. They offer advantages such as high analytical efficiency, accurate quantification, high reproducibility, and minimal reagent consumption. Chip-based devices based on microfluidics have found widespread application in drug activity screening, cell and microbial culture, tissue and organ biomimetic, trace substance detection, and gaseous pollutant risk assessment.

[0004] In microfluidic chips, the strategy for gas production is usually to expose a single concentration of gas in a single experiment. This chip device with low test throughput is not suitable for the complex gas environment of coal microbial gasification. In addition, multi-unit operations for different steps of anaerobic degradation often have different temperature, anaerobic and other requirements. The simple superposition of existing microfluidic chips cannot achieve precise temperature control and anaerobic conditions for each area. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification that can be used in the laboratory, integrating reaction, collection, and detection. Different variable gradient generation units are integrated into the chip device, which can clarify the dependency between variable gradients and reaction pathways in a one-time experiment, and enhance the biomimetic ability of coal microbial degradation under in situ conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and propose a microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification, which is used to explore the morphological changes and degradation pathways of coal during coal microbial gasification under microscopic conditions. It integrates reaction, collection and detection, and can meet the needs of multiple experiments.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification includes a raw material mixing system, a degradation reaction system, a gas and liquid detection system, and a biological separation system arranged on a chip substrate, wherein the raw material mixing system is connected to the degradation reaction system via a pipeline, the degradation reaction system is connected to the gas and liquid detection system, and the gas detection system is connected to the biological separation system;

[0008] The raw material mixing system includes a liquid mixing chamber, on which a liquid inlet branch pipe and a bacteria inlet branch pipe are provided, and the liquid inlet branch pipe and the bacteria inlet branch pipe are connected to the liquid mixing chamber through a liquid inlet main channel respectively;

[0009] The degradation reaction system includes a mixed liquid main channel, a sample outlet main channel, and multiple anaerobic degradation reaction chambers. The mixed liquid main channel is connected to the liquid mixing chamber. The multiple anaerobic degradation reaction chambers are connected to the mixed liquid main channel through sample inlet branch channels. The multiple anaerobic degradation reaction chambers are connected to the sample outlet main channel through sample outlet branch channels. The sample inlet branch channels are also provided with liquid inlet channels for injecting different ion solutions into the anaerobic degradation reaction chambers. The anaerobic degradation reaction chambers can be used selectively, and the other anaerobic degradation reaction chambers are closed.

[0010] The gas and liquid detection system includes a storage device, a gas detection device, a liquid detection device, and an anaerobic device. The storage device is connected to the main sample outlet channel. The storage device is connected to the gas detection device through an air inlet channel, connected to the liquid detection device through a liquid inlet channel, and connected to the anaerobic device through an air inlet channel.

[0011] The biological separation system includes an electrode cavity, an excitation circuit module, a biological storage area, and a waste liquid area. A microelectrode positive electrode and a microelectrode negative electrode are arranged on the electrode cavity along the direction of liquid flow. The excitation circuit module is connected to the microelectrode positive electrode and the microelectrode negative electrode through wires to form a loop; the electrode cavity is connected to the storage device through a discharge channel and connected to the biological storage area through a first sorting sample channel. The first sorting sample channel is close to the microelectrode positive electrode and the microelectrode negative electrode side, and is connected to the waste liquid area through a second sorting sample channel. The microelectrode positive electrode and the microelectrode negative electrode generate a non-uniform electric field, which adsorbs the coal powder in the solution in the electrode cavity, gathers the coal powder to the side of the microelectrode positive electrode and the microelectrode negative electrode, and squeezes the bacteria in the solution to the opposite side, so that the bacteria enter the first sorting sample channel and the coal powder enters the second sorting sample channel.

[0012] As a further preferred solution, an NTC thermoelectric probe is provided on the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber. The thermoelectric probe adopts a thermocouple and is connected to an external temperature collector.

[0013] As a further preferred solution, multiple through holes are opened around the multiple anaerobic degradation reaction chambers, multiple circuit layers 1 are printed on the front side of the chip substrate, and multiple circuit layers 2 are printed on the back side. Circuit layers 1 and 2 are electrically connected through copper plating at the through holes. Circuit layers 1 and 2 are alternately connected to realize a series circuit, and the series circuit is connected to an external temperature controller.

[0014] As a further preferred solution, the storage device includes a lower layer liquid storage device for storing solution and an upper layer gas storage device for storing gas, the discharge channel and the liquid inlet channel are connected to the liquid storage device, and the gas inlet channel is connected to the gas storage device.

[0015] As a further preferred solution, a partition is provided between the gas storage device and the liquid storage device, and a main inlet for the inert gas is provided on the partition.

[0016] As a further preferred solution, the gas storage device is connected to the anaerobic device through an air inlet channel.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment, the gas detection device includes a substrate having a microchannel on its surface and a polyvinyl alcohol coating on the inner wall of the microchannel. One end of the microchannel is a gas inlet and the other end is a microcavity for detection. The microcavity is equipped with a metal oxide semiconductor sensor based on redox reaction. The metal oxide semiconductor sensor consists of an integrated heater, interlaced platinum electrodes with metal oxide semiconductors, and a monitoring device.

[0018] As a further preferred solution, the liquid inlet branch pipe is provided with a suspended matter filter and valve one, the bacteria inlet branch pipe is provided with valve two, valve three is provided between the mixed liquid main channel and the liquid mixing chamber, valve four is provided on the liquid inlet channel, valve five is provided on the sample injection branch channel, valve six is ​​provided on the sample discharge branch channel, and valve seven is provided on the discharge channel.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The microfluidic chip is equipped with multiple reaction channels, which can provide precise fluid manipulation and reaction condition control, thereby achieving precise management of the coal microbial gasification process.

[0021] 2. The chip design allows multiple reaction functions to be integrated on the same chip. This integrated design helps improve the convenience and reliability of experiments.

[0022] 3. The reactants can be observed at the micron level, which helps to understand the reaction process of microbial degradation of coal.

[0023] 4. The chip can precisely regulate the flow rate of the fluid, ensuring that the reactants in the gasification process are mixed at the optimal rate.

[0024] 5. The gas detection area can monitor the amount of methane produced during the anaerobic degradation process in real time, and the liquid detection area can directly detect the content of specific functional groups during the reaction process through a high-speed camera and Raman spectroscopy system.

[0025] 6. Under the action of dielectrophoretic force, the electrophoretic separation device can purify the bacterial liquid and discharge it through the microchannel, simplifying the filtration measures in the biological detection process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid mixing chamber;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the storage device;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0032] The present invention provides a microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification, such as Figure 1 As shown, the chip includes a raw material mixing system, a degradation reaction system, a gas detection system, and a biological separation system. The operation of each device in the chip, the monitoring of results, and data control are all controlled by an intelligent control system. Under the action of the power system, the raw material mixing system is connected to the degradation reaction system, the degradation reaction system is connected to the gas and liquid detection systems respectively, and the gas and liquid detection systems are connected to the biological separation system. The operation of the entire device, the adjustment of variable parameters, and the recovery of gas and liquid are all operated under the intelligent control system. The present invention has the advantages of strong controllability, high convenience, and easy operation. At the same time, it can explore the essence of the coal microbial gasification process from a microscopic perspective, and has broad application prospects.

[0033] The microfluidic chip plans the area occupied by each part, and the chip is placed in a dark box. The substrate is a hard insulating sheet, including one of a ceramic substrate, a silicon wafer, a quartz substrate, a glass substrate, and a hard polymer substrate.

[0034] The raw material mixing system includes multiple inlets, a liquid mixing channel, and a liquid mixing chamber. The inlets introduce nutrient solution, bacterial solution, and ion solution, respectively. The liquid mixing channel mixes these different liquids in varying proportions to produce a variety of mixed liquids, meeting the growth needs of the bacterial colony while allowing for differentiation based on experimental requirements. The mixed liquid in the raw material mixing system is a mixture of organic nutrient solution and bacterial solution containing various microorganisms, including methanogenic archaea and Clostridium.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the raw material mixing system includes a liquid inlet branch pipe 1 and a bacteria inlet branch pipe 2. The liquid inlet of the liquid inlet branch pipe 1 is provided with a suspended matter filter 5 and a valve 1 3, and the liquid inlet of the bacteria inlet branch pipe 2 is provided with a valve 2 4. The liquid inlet branch pipe 1 and the bacteria inlet branch pipe 2 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet main channel 6. The outlet of the liquid inlet main channel 6 is connected to the liquid mixing chamber 7. The liquid outlet of the liquid mixing chamber 7 is provided with a valve 3 8. The degradation reaction system is connected to the liquid outlet channel of the liquid mixing chamber 7 through the sampling area.

[0036] The degradation reaction system includes a sample inlet area containing multiple independent sample inlet modules and sample outlet modules. The sample inlet modules include a mixed liquid inlet, a main mixed liquid channel, branch mixed liquid channels, and multiple anaerobic degradation reaction chambers connected to the branch mixed liquid channels. Each anaerobic degradation reaction chamber includes a liquid inlet channel for injecting different solutions to change the reaction conditions within the reaction chamber to meet experimental requirements. The pre-mixing channel is separated from the bacterial solution in the reaction chamber by an isolation device. The sample outlet module includes a main sample outlet channel, branch sample outlet channels, and a liquid outlet connection area.

[0037] Specifically, the degradation reaction system consists of a sample inlet area, an anaerobic degradation reaction chamber, a temperature control circuit area, and a sample outlet area.

[0038] The sampling area includes a main mixed liquid channel 9 connected to the liquid outlet channel of the liquid mixing chamber 7. The main mixed liquid channel 9 is in communication with the liquid mixing chamber 7. Multiple anaerobic degradation reaction chambers 17 are connected to the main mixed liquid channel 9 via sampling branch channels 10. The sampling branch channels 10 are also connected to the liquid inlet channel 11, which is used to inject different ion solutions. The liquid outlet of the liquid inlet channel 11 is equipped with a valve 4 12, and the sampling branch channel 10 is equipped with a valve 5 13.

[0039] The sample outlet area includes a sample outlet main channel 16 and a sample outlet branch channel 14. Multiple anaerobic degradation reaction chambers 17 are connected to the sample outlet main channel 16 through the sample outlet branch channels 14 respectively, and a valve 6 15 is provided on the sample outlet branch channel 14.

[0040] The anaerobic degradation reaction chamber 17 is used for the microbial gasification process of coal. During the reaction process, the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber 17 is filled with liquid to create an anaerobic environment. The anaerobic degradation reaction chamber 17 is divided into a grid area with a length × width × height of 100um × 100um × 100um. The two ends of the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber 17 are connected to the sample inlet branch channel 10 and the sample outlet branch channel 14. Figure 3 As shown, it is a pipeline structure around an anaerobic degradation reaction chamber.

[0041] The temperature control circuit area includes thermoelectric materials and a control area. Laser etching is used to create grooves for the thermoelectric materials. Through-holes 18 are provided around the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber. A first circuit layer 19 of thermoelectric material is printed on the front of the temperature control circuit area, while a second circuit layer 20 of thermoelectric material is printed on the back. Copper is plated around the through-holes 18 to form an alternating circuit structure. Specifically, the first circuit layer 19 and the second circuit layer 20 are alternately connected to form a series circuit, which is connected to an external temperature controller 41. NTC thermoelectric probes 21 are printed around the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber. The thermoelectric probes use thermocouples and are connected to a temperature collector 22 to monitor the reaction chamber temperature. The ends of the temperature control circuits are connected to the temperature controller 41 to control the reaction chamber temperature.

[0042] When current flows into the N-type semiconductor and flows out of the P-type semiconductor, the carriers at the cold end diffuse to the hot end, the temperature around the circuit decreases, and the temperature of the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber decreases accordingly. When the current is reversed, the temperature of the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber increases accordingly.

[0043] The gas and liquid detection system includes a storage device 34, a gas detection device 30, a liquid detection device 33, and an anaerobic device 40. The storage device 34 is connected to the gas detection device 30 through an air inlet channel 31 and is connected to the liquid detection device 33 through a liquid inlet channel 32. Figure 4 As shown, the anaerobic device 40 is used to create an anaerobic environment, driving nitrogen gas into the gas storage device 37 through the air inlet channel 39. After the nitrogen gas mixes with the gas produced by the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber, it enters the gas detection device through the air inlet channel 31. The gas is accumulated in the upper part of the storage device 34, that is, the gas storage device 37, and the solution is accumulated in the lower part of the storage device 34, that is, the liquid storage device 38.

[0044] The storage device 34 is connected to the gas detection device 30 through the air inlet channel 31, and is connected to the liquid detection device 33 through the liquid inlet channel 32. Specifically, the discharge channel 36 and the liquid inlet channel 32 are connected to the liquid storage device 38, and the air inlet channel 31 is connected to the gas storage device 37. There is a partition between the gas storage device 37 and the liquid storage device 38 for separating the space. The partition is provided with a main inert gas inlet 35 for gas circulation between the liquid storage device 38 and the gas storage device 37.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, a gas detection device 30 can detect the methane content in the gas produced by anaerobic degradation. The device 30 includes a substrate made of PMMA containing microchannels 23. A certain concentration of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is dispersed in water and then dripped onto the heated channel walls to promote uniform distribution. After drying, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coating 26 is formed on the channel walls. The resulting coating thickness is 3 to 5 microns. One end of the substrate is a gas inlet 27, and the other end is a microcavity 28. The microcavity houses a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensor based on a redox reaction. The sensor consists of an integrated heater 24, interlaced platinum electrodes 25 with metal oxide semiconductors, and a monitoring device 29.

[0046] Metal oxide semiconductors can selectively adsorb methane. The resistance of the MOS sensor decreases when it reacts with reducing gases, and increases when it reacts with oxidizing gases. Due to the interaction with the channel coating, different gases will produce different time responses, which introduces monitoring capabilities to the MOS sensor.

[0047] The biological separation system 42 includes an electrophoresis area, a collection area, an electrode chamber 43, an excitation circuit module 46, a biological storage area 48, and a waste liquid area 50. The electrode chamber 43 and the excitation circuit module 46 are located in the electrophoresis area, and the biological storage area 48 and the waste liquid area 50 are located in the collection area.

[0048] A microelectrode positive electrode 44 and a microelectrode negative electrode 45 are arranged on the electrode cavity 43 along the direction of liquid flow. The microelectrode positive electrode 44 and the microelectrode negative electrode 45 are arranged in an alternating positive and negative pattern. The excitation circuit module 46 is connected to the microelectrode positive electrode 44 and the microelectrode negative electrode 45 via wires to form a loop. Under the action of positive and negative charges, the electrode cavity 43 is used to generate a non-uniform electric field. The electrode cavity contains the liquid produced by the anaerobic degradation reaction. Different particles carry different charges and have different movement trajectories. The waste liquid and bacterial liquid with impurities enter different storage devices through different sorting channels.

[0049] The electrode chamber 43 is connected to the storage device 34 via a discharge channel 36. A valve 39 is provided on the discharge channel 36. A microchannel with a radius of 100 μm is formed inside the electrode chamber 43 by laser etching. This is used to separate the bacterial solution from impurities. The rear end outlet of the electrode chamber is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the biological storage area 48 via a first sorting sample outlet channel 47. The first sorting sample outlet channel 47 is located on the side of the microelectrode positive electrode 44 and the microelectrode negative electrode 45, and is connected to the waste liquid area 50 via a second sorting sample outlet channel 49. The microelectrode positive electrode 44 and the microelectrode negative electrode 45 generate a non-uniform electric field, which attracts the coal powder in the solution in the electrode chamber 43 and aggregates the coal powder toward the microelectrode positive electrode 44 and the microelectrode negative electrode 45, while expelling the bacteria in the solution to the opposite side. The coal powder then enters the second sorting sample outlet channel 49, while the bacteria enter the first sorting sample outlet channel 48, thereby obtaining a liquid containing impurities such as coal powder and a bacterial solution separated by electrophoresis.

[0050] Principle: In a non-uniform electric field, neutral particles become polarized, and the charge distribution on the particle surface changes. The non-uniformity of the electric field and the difference in the charge of the particles themselves cause different particles to be subjected to different Coulomb forces at different positions. At the same time, the particles in the microchannel are affected by the fluid force, which is controlled by the flow rate. Under the influence of the fluid force and the dielectrophoretic force, the motion trajectories of different particles in the non-uniform electric field will change, thereby achieving the purpose of separation.

[0051] The working process of the present invention is as follows: open valve 1 (3), inject nutrient solution required for bacterial survival through the liquid inlet branch pipe (1), and filter the miscellaneous bacteria in the nutrient solution through the suspended matter filter (5); open valve 2 (4), inject bacterial solution required for anaerobic degradation through the bacterial inlet branch pipe (2); the two are preliminarily mixed in the liquid inlet main channel (6), and finally enter the liquid mixing chamber (7) for full mixing, and preliminarily cultured to determine the activity of the bacterial community;

[0052] Add 200-mesh coal powder to the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber grid, ensuring that each grid contains only one particle of coal powder and that it is evenly distributed. Open valve 3 (8), allowing the liquid to flow through the mixed liquid main channel (9) into the various branch inlet channels (10), ultimately injecting it into the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber (17) grid, filling the grid with liquid and creating an anaerobic environment. The temperature controller (41) regulates the temperature of the thermoelectric material to 37°C inside the reaction chamber, meeting the environmental requirements for bacterial degradation. The temperature inside the reaction chamber is collected by a temperature collector via a thermoelectric probe, enabling 24-hour real-time monitoring of temperature changes.

[0053] The anaerobic device 40 is adjusted to slowly and uniformly feed nitrogen into the gas storage device 37 through the air inlet channel 39, so that the gas produced by coal degradation flows with the input nitrogen and enters the gas detection device 30 through the air outlet channel 31. Thereafter, the gas enters the microchannel 23 of the gas detection device substrate. Under the influence of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coating 26, the carbon dioxide produced by the anaerobic degradation reaction is absorbed, and only methane remains as the reducing gas in the channel. Under the influence of the integrated heater 24, a temperature difference is formed inside and outside the microcavity. The treated gas enters the microcavity and contacts the platinum electrode 25 containing a metal oxide semiconductor, where an oxidation-reduction reaction occurs. The semiconductor resistance changes, and the electrical signal changes. The data is collected by the monitoring device 29, based on which a response curve of the methane diffusion rate and concentration in the gas as the semiconductor resistance changes can be calculated.

[0054] After the reaction is complete, sterile water is injected at a constant flow rate through the liquid inlet branch pipe 1. The liquid produced in the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber flows along with the injected sterile water and enters the liquid storage device 38 through the main sample outlet channel 16. Then, it enters the liquid detection device 33 through the liquid outlet channel 32. The organic matter content in the liquid is analyzed using a high-speed camera and Raman spectroscopy system, combined with liquid flow calculation formulas. To separate the bacterial flora from impurities such as coal dust in the solution, the liquid produced by the anaerobic degradation reaction is transported to the electrode chamber through the liquid outlet of the storage device. The discharge channel 36 is then closed, and the excitation circuit module 46 is activated, generating a non-uniform electric field within the electrode chamber 43. Due to the dielectrophoretic force generated by its own charge, coal dust with a diameter of 75 μm flows from the second sorting sample outlet channel 49 into the waste liquid area 50, corresponding to the strong electric field region. Bacteria and archaea with a diameter of 5-10 μm flow from the first sorting sample outlet channel 47 into the biological storage area 48, corresponding to the weak electric field region. The bacterial liquids at 48 locations in the biological storage area can be collected and filtered to sample and detect the microbial communities in the process of coal biodegradation.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification, characterized by: The system comprises a raw material mixing system, a degradation reaction system, a gas and liquid detection system, and a biological separation system arranged on a chip substrate, wherein the raw material mixing system is connected to the degradation reaction system through a pipeline, the degradation reaction system is connected to the gas and liquid detection system, and the gas detection system is connected to the biological separation system; The raw material mixing system comprises a liquid mixing chamber (7), wherein the liquid mixing chamber (7) is provided with a liquid inlet branch pipe (1) and a bacteria inlet branch pipe (2), wherein the liquid inlet branch pipe (1) and the bacteria inlet branch pipe (2) are respectively connected to the liquid mixing chamber (7) through a liquid inlet main channel (6); The degradation reaction system comprises a mixed liquid main channel (9), a sample outlet main channel (16) and a plurality of anaerobic degradation reaction chambers (17). The mixed liquid main channel (9) is communicated with the liquid mixing chamber (7). The plurality of anaerobic degradation reaction chambers (17) are connected to the mixed liquid main channel (9) through sample inlet branch channels (10), and the plurality of anaerobic degradation reaction chambers (17) are connected to the sample outlet main channel (16) through sample outlet branch channels (14). The sample inlet branch channel (10) is further provided with a liquid inlet channel (11) for feeding different ion solutions into the anaerobic degradation reaction chamber (17). The anaerobic degradation reaction chamber (17) can be selectively used, and the other anaerobic degradation reaction chambers (17) are closed. The gas and liquid detection system comprises a storage device (34), a gas detection device (30), a liquid detection device (33), and an anaerobic device (40). The storage device (34) is connected to the sample outlet main channel (16). The storage device (34) is connected to the gas detection device (30) via an air inlet channel (31), is connected to the liquid detection device (33) via a liquid inlet channel (32), and is connected to the anaerobic device (40) via an air inlet channel (39). The biological separation system (42) includes an electrode chamber (43), an excitation circuit module (46), a biological storage area (48), and a waste liquid area (50). A microelectrode positive electrode (44) and a microelectrode negative electrode (45) are arranged on the electrode chamber (43) along the liquid flow direction. The excitation circuit module (46) is connected to the microelectrode positive electrode (44) and the microelectrode negative electrode (45) through wires to form a loop; the electrode chamber (43) is connected to the storage device (34) through the discharge channel (36), and is connected to the biological storage area (48) through the first sorting sample channel (47). 8), the first sorting sample channel (47) is close to the side of the microelectrode positive electrode (44) and the microelectrode negative electrode (45), and is connected to the waste liquid area (50) through the second sorting sample channel (49). The microelectrode positive electrode (44) and the microelectrode negative electrode (45) generate a non-uniform electric field, adsorbing the coal powder in the solution in the electrode cavity (43), and gathering the coal powder to the side of the microelectrode positive electrode (44) and the microelectrode negative electrode (45), and expelling the bacteria in the solution to the opposite side, so that the bacteria enter the first sorting sample channel (47) and the coal powder enters the second sorting sample channel (49).

2. The microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anaerobic degradation reaction chamber (17) is provided with an NTC thermoelectric probe (21), which adopts a thermocouple and is connected to an external temperature collector (22).

3. The microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (18) are provided around the plurality of anaerobic degradation reaction chambers (17), a plurality of circuit layers (19) are printed on the front side of the chip substrate, and a plurality of circuit layers (20) are printed on the back side, the circuit layers (19) and the circuit layers (20) are electrically connected via copper plating at the through holes (18), the circuit layers (19) and the circuit layers (20) are alternately connected to realize a series circuit, and the series circuit is connected to an external temperature controller (41).

4. The microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage device (34) includes a lower layer liquid storage device (38) for storing a solution and an upper layer gas storage device (37) for storing a gas. The discharge channel (36) and the liquid inlet channel (32) are connected to the liquid storage device (38), and the gas inlet channel (31) is connected to the gas storage device (37).

5. The microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification according to claim 4, characterized in that: A partition is provided between the gas storage device (37) and the liquid storage device (38), and a main inlet (35) for inert gas is provided on the partition.

6. The microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas storage device (37) is connected to the anaerobic device (40) via an air inlet channel (39).

7. A microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The gas detection device (30) comprises a substrate, a microchannel (23) is provided on the surface of the substrate, a polyvinyl alcohol coating (26) is provided on the inner wall of the microchannel (23), one end of the microchannel (23) is a gas inlet (27), and the other end is a microcavity (28) for detection, a metal oxide semiconductor sensor based on redox reaction is installed in the microcavity (28), and the metal oxide semiconductor sensor is composed of an integrated heater (24), interlaced platinum electrodes (25) with metal oxide semiconductors, and a monitoring device (29).

8. The microfluidic chip suitable for coal microbial gasification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet branch pipe (1) is provided with a suspended matter filter (5) and a valve one (3), the bacteria inlet branch pipe (2) is provided with a valve two (4), a valve three (8) is provided between the mixed liquid main channel (9) and the liquid mixing chamber (7), the liquid inlet channel (11) is provided with a valve four (12), the sample inlet branch channel (10) is provided with a valve five (13), the sample outlet branch channel (14) is provided with a valve six (15), and the discharge channel (36) is provided with a valve seven (39).

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