Hemp and wool fiber drawing and drafting device and process using single-skin plate for drafting

Abstract

The invention relates to a hemp and wool fiber drawing and drafting device and process using a single-skin plate for drafting. The device sequentially comprises a rear roller leather roller pair, a single-skin plate drafting mechanism and a front roller leather roller pair. The rear roller and leather roller pair comprises a rear roller and a rear leather roller; the front roller and leather roller pair comprises a front roller and a front leather roller; the single leather plate drafting mechanism comprises a rear leather plate roller, a front leather plate roller and a rear pressing roller corresponding to the rear leather plate roller, and the front pressing roller, the rear leather plate roller and the front leather plate roller are sleeved with a drafting leather plate. The rear compression roller, the front compression roller and the drafting leather plate have a synergistic effect, the elastic jaw is used for controlling fibers, the movement of short fibers can be controlled, the short fibers cannot be dispersed out of fiber strands, the evenness of output strands can be improved, the long fibers can be smoothly drawn out, and the situation that drafting cannot be achieved is avoided. The single-skin plate is adopted for drafting, fibers cannot be damaged, and due to the fact that the single-skin plate drafting structure is simple and can adapt to high speed, the sliver outlet speed can be increased, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of textile technology, and in particular relates to a drawing and stretching device and process for hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drawing. Background Art

[0002] The drawing of hemp and wool fibers is an important link in the spinning process, which directly affects the subsequent processing and product quality. Hemp and wool fibers are long and uneven in length. Therefore, in order to reasonably take into account the movement control of long and short fibers in the drafting, needle plate drafting is currently used in the drawing of hemp and wool fibers. The needle plate is an intermediate mechanism for controlling the movement of the fibers, but the up and down movement of the needle plate when it goes out of and into the drafting control area depends on the impact of the screw head, which not only makes a lot of noise, but also causes a lot of vibration to the machine. In particular, the periodic relative pause of each working needle plate when it leaves the drafting control area and leaves the fiber causes the distance between the front needle plate and the front jaw to change periodically, hindering the normal movement of the fibers, thereby affecting the uniformity of the output strips. Moreover, the needle plate is easy to damage the fibers when it penetrates the fiber layer, and the fibers are entangled with each other. In addition, the mechanism of needle plate drafting is complex, and the production speed of the drawing (needling) machine is limited by the up and down movement of the needle plate. When the speed is high, the screw head has a strong impact on the needle plate, which is easy to cause damage to the machine parts. Therefore, the output speed (sliver output speed) of the front roller of the gill combing machine is only 60 to 70 m / min, which seriously affects the production efficiency.

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of needle plate drafting, double-skin plate drafting is sometimes used in hemp and wool drawing. Compared with needle plate drafting, double-skin plate drafting eliminates the combing box and is more suitable for high speed, but the control of the skin plate on large-quantity fiber strips is weaker, and only the fibers in direct contact are effectively controlled. Therefore, when the fiber strip is thicker, the fibers in the middle layer are prone to speed differences with the fibers in the upper and lower layers (the fiber layers in contact with the upper and lower skin plates), resulting in layered movement. At the same time, the skin plate is made of rubber with poor conductivity, and the friction between the double skin plates during movement is prone to generate static electricity, which will cause the fibers to entangle with each other or wrap around the machine parts.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of hemp and wool fiber drawing and drafting device and process to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a flax and wool fiber drawing device and process using a single-skin board for drawing, which can effectively solve the problems of poor uniformity of the output strips, fiber damage and slow output speed when currently using needle board drawing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A drawing and stretching device for hemp and wool fibers using a single-skin board for drafting, comprising a rear roller pair, a single-skin board drafting mechanism and a front roller pair in sequence;

[0008] The rear roller pair comprises a rear roller and a rear roller, which form a rear jaw for drafting;

[0009] The front roller pair comprises a front roller and a front roller, which form a front jaw for drafting;

[0010] The single-leather board stretching mechanism includes a rear leather board roller, a front leather board roller and corresponding rear pressure rollers and front pressure rollers. The rear leather board rollers and the front leather board rollers are sleeved with a stretching leather board. The rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller respectively rely on their weight to form elastic jaws with the stretching leather board to grip the fiber strands, so as to take into account the control of long and short fibers during stretching.

[0011] Preferably, the rear leather plate roller and the front leather plate roller have equal diameters, rotate synchronously, and have equal linear speeds.

[0012] Preferably, both ends of the rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller are supported by U-shaped support frames.

[0013] A drawing and drafting process for hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting, using the above-mentioned drawing and drafting device, comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1: The feeding strip is first held by the rear jaw formed by the rear roller and the rear top roller;

[0015] S2: It is then transferred to the drafting leather board;

[0016] S3: Finally, the fiber is held by the front jaw formed by the front roller and the front leather roller, and is drawn out from the elastic jaw formed by the rear pressure roller, the front pressure roller and the drafting leather plate. After acceleration and drafting, the output strip is formed and output from the front jaw.

[0017] Preferably, the diameters of the rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller are both 35-60 mm, the center distance between the two is 180-220 mm, and the thickness of the drafting leather board is 2-4 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the center distance between the rear roller and the front roller is 300-350 mm, and the center distance between the rear roller and the rear leather plate roller is 35-65 mm.

[0019] Preferably, each of the feed strips has a basis weight of 5 to 20 g / m, and 4 to 12 strips can be fed simultaneously.

[0020] Preferably, the ratio of the surface linear speed of the rear leather plate roller to the rear roller is 1 to 1.6 times, the ratio of the surface linear speed of the front roller to the front leather plate roller is 4 to 10 times, the ratio of the surface linear speed of the front roller to the rear roller, that is, the mechanical stretching multiple in the stretching zone is 4 to 16 times, and the output strip quantity is 5 to 20 g / m.

[0021] Preferably, the surface linear speed of the front roller is 120-300 m / min.

[0022] The present invention provides a drawing and drafting device and process for hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The rear pressure roller, the front pressure roller and the drafting leather plate work together to control the fibers using elastic jaws, which can control the movement of short fibers, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the output strips, and can also smoothly extract the long fibers so that they will not be unable to be drafted.

[0024] 2. The present invention adopts single-skin board for drafting, which will not cause damage to the fiber. Moreover, since the single-skin board drafting structure is simple, it can adapt to high speed, thereby increasing the speed of strip production and improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drawing and drafting device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of supporting the rear pressing roller and the front pressing roller of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Feeding strip; 2. Rear leather roller; 3. Rear roller; 4. Rear pressure roller; 5. Rear leather plate roller; 6. Drafting leather plate; 7. Front pressure roller; 8. Front leather plate roller; 9. Front leather roller; 10. Front roller; 11. Output strip; 12. U-shaped support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-2 , a drawing and drafting device for hemp and wool fibers using a single-skin board drafting, comprising a rear roller pair, a single-skin board drafting mechanism and a front roller pair in sequence;

[0033] The rear roller pair includes a rear roller 3 and a rear roller 2, which form a rear jaw for drafting;

[0034] The front roller pair includes a front roller 10 and a front roller 9, which form a front jaw for drafting;

[0035] The single-leather board stretching mechanism includes a rear leather board roller 5, a front leather board roller 8 and corresponding rear pressure rollers 4 and front pressure rollers 7. The rear leather board rollers 5 and the front leather board rollers 8 are sleeved with a stretching leather board 6. The rear pressure rollers 4 and the front pressure rollers 7 respectively rely on their weight to form elastic jaws with the stretching leather board 6 to grip the fiber strands, so as to take into account the control of long and short fibers during stretching.

[0036] The present invention also provides a drawing and drafting process for hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting, using the above-mentioned drawing and drafting device, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1: The feed strip 1 is first held by the rear jaw formed by the rear roller 3 and the rear top roller 2;

[0038] S2: then transferred to the drafting leather board 6;

[0039] S3: Finally, the fiber is held by the front jaw formed by the front roller 10 and the front leather roller 9, and is drawn out from the elastic jaw formed by the rear pressure roller 4, the front pressure roller 7 and the stretching leather plate 6, and after acceleration and stretching, an output strip 11 is formed and output from the front jaw.

[0040] In the present invention, the rear leather plate roller 5 and the front leather plate roller 8 have equal diameters, rotate synchronously, and have equal linear speeds, and can accurately control the rotation of the drafting leather plate 6. Both ends of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 are supported by a U-shaped support frame 12. The pressure of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 on the fiber strips relies solely on their own weight, thereby forming an elastic jaw.

[0041] The rear pressure roller, front pressure roller and drafting leather plate work together to control the fibers with elastic jaws, which can control the movement of short fibers, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the output strips, and enable the long fibers to be smoothly drawn out without being unable to be drafted.

[0042] Specifically, during the drafting process, the front jaw has a stronger force to hold the fiber, while the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 only rely on their own weight to press the fiber, and the control force on the fiber is not strong, so the long fiber held by the front jaw can be pulled out from the elastic jaw and drafted. The pressure formed by the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 only relying on their own weight to press the fiber is stable, and the fiber is subjected to a stable friction force, and the fiber speed change (acceleration) will be more orderly. The orderly fiber speed change (acceleration) helps to reduce the disordered movement and mutual entanglement of the fiber and improve the uniformity of the yarn.

[0043] In addition, needle plate drafting is currently used in the drafting and drawing of hemp and wool fibers. The needle plate will damage the fiber when piercing the fiber layer, and the needle plate drafting comb box is large in size and complex in structure, and is not suitable for high speeds, generally only 60-70m / min. The present invention uses a single-skin board for drafting, which will not damage the fiber. Moreover, since the single-skin board drafting structure is simple, it can adapt to high speeds, thereby increasing the strip output speed and improving production efficiency.

[0044] Compared with the traditional double-skin stretching, the present invention adopts single-skin stretching. During the stretching process, the side of the fiber strip close to the stretching skin 6 is controlled by friction, while the other side is relatively free. There is no complex layered friction difference between the upper and lower skins, which avoids layered movement. At the same time, single-skin stretching can also avoid mutual friction between the skins, effectively reducing the generation of static electricity, thereby preventing the fibers from being entangled with each other or wrapped around machine parts.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the diameters of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 are both 35-60 mm, the center distance between the two is 180-220 mm, and the thickness of the drafting leather board 6 is 2-4 mm.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the front roller 10 is 300-350 mm, and the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the rear leather plate roller 5 is 35-65 mm.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, each of the feed strips 1 has a basis weight of 5 to 20 g / m, and 4 to 12 strips can be fed simultaneously.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the surface linear speed of the rear leather plate roller 5 to the rear roller 3 is 1 to 1.6 times, the ratio of the surface linear speed of the front roller 10 to the front leather plate roller 8 is 4 to 10 times, the ratio of the surface linear speed of the front roller 10 to the rear roller 3, that is, the mechanical stretching multiple in the stretching zone is 4 to 16 times, and the output strip 11 is quantitatively 5 to 20 g / m.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the surface linear speed of the front roller 10 is 120-300 m / min.

[0050] The production efficiency of the present invention after drawing and drafting hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The single-skin board drafting device proposed in the present invention is used to draft and combine ramie strips. The length of ramie fiber is 120mm, the basis weight of each ramie strip fed is 5g / m, and the number of ramie strips fed is 12. The diameters of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 used are both 60mm, the center distance between the two is 220mm, and the thickness of the drafting leather board 6 is 2mm. The center distance between the rear roller 3 and the front roller 10 is 350mm, and the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the rear leather board roller 5 is 65mm. The ratio of the surface linear velocity of the rear leather board roller 5 to the rear roller 3 is 1.2 times, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to the front leather board roller 8 is 10 times, and the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to the rear roller 3, that is, the mechanical drafting multiple in the drafting interval is 12 times, the basis weight of the output strip 11 is 5g / m, and the strip output speed is 180m / min.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The single-skin board drafting device proposed by the present invention is used to draft and combine flax strips. The length of flax fiber is about 100mm, the basis weight of each fed flax strip is 16g / m, and the number of fed flax strips is 10. The diameters of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 used are both 45mm, the center distance between the two is 200mm, and the thickness of the drafting leather board 6 is 3mm. The center distance between the rear roller 3 and the front roller 10 is 320mm, and the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the rear leather board roller 5 is 50mm. The ratio of the surface linear velocity of the rear leather board roller 5 to the rear roller 3 is 1 times, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to the front leather board roller 8 is 8 times, and the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to the rear roller 3, that is, the mechanical drafting multiple in the drafting interval is 8.0 times, the basis weight of the output strip 11 is 20g / m, and the strip output speed is 120m / min.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] The single-skin board drafting device proposed by the present invention is used to draft and combine the wool strips. The wool fiber length is about 80mm, the basis weight of each fed wool strip is 20g / m, and the number of fed strands is 4. The diameters of the rear pressure roller 4 and the front pressure roller 7 used are both 35mm, the center distance between the two is 220mm, and the thickness of the drafting leather board 6 is 4mm. The center distance between the rear roller 3 and the front roller 10 is 300mm, and the center distance between the rear roller 3 and the rear leather board roller 5 is 35mm. The ratio of the surface linear velocity of the rear leather board roller 5 to the rear roller 3 is 1.6 times, the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to the front leather board roller 8 is 5.0 times, and the ratio of the surface linear velocity of the front roller 10 to the rear roller 3, that is, the mechanical drafting multiple in the drafting interval is 8.0 times, the basis weight of the output strip 11 is 10g / m, and the strip output speed is 300m / min.

[0057] It can be seen from the above three embodiments that after the present invention uses a single-skin board to draw and stretch the hemp and wool fibers, the stripping speeds are 180m / min, 120m / min, and 300m / min, respectively. Compared with the current needle board stretching with a stripping speed of only 60-70m / min, the stripping speed is greatly improved, thereby ensuring production efficiency.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drawing and drafting device for hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting, characterized in that: It includes a rear roller pair, a single-skin drafting mechanism and a front roller pair in sequence; The rear roller pair comprises a rear roller and a rear roller, which form a rear jaw for drafting; The front roller pair comprises a front roller and a front roller, which form a front jaw for drafting; The single leather board stretching mechanism includes a rear leather board roller, a front leather board roller and corresponding rear pressure rollers and front pressure rollers. The rear leather board rollers and the front leather board rollers are sleeved with a stretching leather board. The rear pressure rollers, the front pressure rollers and the stretching leather board form an elastic jaw to take into account the control of long and short fibers during stretching.

2. A drawing and stretching device for hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear leather plate roller and the front leather plate roller have the same diameter, rotate synchronously, and have the same linear speed.

3. A drawing and stretching device for hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller are supported by U-shaped support frames.

4. A drawing and drafting process for hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting, using the drawing and drafting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The feeding strip is first held by the rear jaw formed by the rear roller and the rear top roller; S2: It is then transferred to the drafting leather board; S3: Finally, it is held by the front jaw formed by the front roller and the front leather roller, and the fiber is drawn out from the elastic jaw formed by the rear pressure roller, the front pressure roller and the drafting leather plate to form an output strip that is output from the front jaw.

5. A drawing and stretching process for hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameters of the rear pressure roller and the front pressure roller are both 35-60 mm, the center distance between the two is 180-220 mm, and the thickness of the drafting leather board is 2-4 mm.

6. A process for drawing and stretching hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The center distance between the rear roller and the front roller is 300-350 mm, and the center distance between the rear roller and the rear leather plate roller is 35-65 mm.

7. A process for drawing and stretching hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the feed strips has a basis weight of 5 to 20 g / m, and 4 to 12 strips can be fed simultaneously.

8. The process for drawing and stretching hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the surface linear speed of the rear leather plate roller to the rear roller is 1 to 1.6 times, the ratio of the surface linear speed of the front roller to the front leather plate roller is 4 to 10 times, the ratio of the surface linear speed of the front roller to the rear roller, that is, the mechanical stretching multiple in the stretching zone is 4 to 16 times, and the output strip quantity is 5 to 20 g / m.

9. A process for drawing and stretching hemp and wool fibers using single-skin board drafting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface linear speed of the front roller is 120-300 m / min.

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