Sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure and a construction method. The sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure comprises coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, a drainage layer, a base layer and a pervious concrete surface layer, the coarse aggregate is basalt macadam; the fine aggregate is river sand; the drainage layer is a high-density polyethylene drainage pipe network provided with a water non-woven fabric as a filter layer; the base layer is prepared by mixing optimized coarse aggregate and fine aggregate; and the pervious concrete surface layer is formed by performing pavement pouring on pervious concrete. According to the invention, a filler grading optimization method is proposed to ensure that the pavement has good water permeability, and meanwhile, an intelligent monitoring control module is also constructed to monitor key parameters such as the water permeability and the drainage efficiency of the pavement in real time, so that data support is provided for later maintenance and management; and the permeable concrete and the ecological vegetation zone are used for promoting natural circulation and recycling of rainwater, so that the use performance and durability of the pavement are improved, and intelligence and sustainability of rainfall flood management are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of municipal pavement reconstruction, and in particular to a sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Sponge city, as a new concept of urban stormwater management, is centered on simulating the water cycle process in nature, and effectively responding to urban waterlogging, improving water quality, replenishing groundwater, and improving the urban ecological environment by building an urban ecosystem with the functions of absorbing, storing, infiltrating, and purifying water. This concept emphasizes the integration of "green infrastructure" into urban planning, such as permeable pavement, ecological vegetation belts, rain gardens, etc., to enhance the "resilience" of the city, so that it can absorb, store, and infiltrate water in the rainy season like a sponge, and release and utilize these water resources in droughts.

[0003] As an important part of urban infrastructure, municipal trunk road pavement not only undertakes transportation functions, but also directly affects the city's stormwater management and water environment quality. In the construction of sponge cities, the design and construction of trunk road pavements are particularly critical because they need to meet high-intensity use requirements and excellent water permeability at the same time to ensure that under extreme weather conditions such as heavy rains, the road surface can quickly drain water, reduce water accumulation, and promote the natural infiltration and recycling of rainwater.

[0004] However, in general, traditional pavement structures and construction methods often focus on the strength and durability of the pavement, while ignoring its permeability, resulting in water accumulation on the pavement under extreme weather conditions such as heavy rain, increasing the risk of urban waterlogging. At the same time, the poor permeability of traditional pavement materials hinders the natural infiltration of rainwater, affecting the recharge of groundwater and the natural purification process of water quality. In addition, traditional construction methods also lack intelligent and sustainable considerations, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of modern cities for environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0005] In summary, it is necessary to propose a sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure and construction method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure and construction method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure, comprising coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, a drainage layer, a base layer and a permeable concrete surface layer;

[0009] The coarse aggregate is basalt crushed stone;

[0010] The fine aggregate is river sand;

[0011] The drainage layer is a high-density polyethylene drainage pipe network provided with a water non-woven fabric as a filter layer;

[0012] The base layer is made of a mixture of optimized coarse aggregate and fine aggregate;

[0013] The permeable concrete surface layer is made by pouring permeable concrete on the road surface.

[0014] Based on the above-mentioned sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure, the present invention also proposes a sponge city municipal trunk road pavement construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1. The pavement with optimized filler gradation in sponge city applications has both excellent water permeability and meets high-strength requirements;

[0016] S2. Testing the physical and mechanical properties and water permeability of the materials and gradations selected in step S1 in sponge city applications;

[0017] S3. Reinforce and shape the roadbed according to the materials selected in step S1 and the qualified materials tested in step S2.

[0018] S4. Laying the drainage layer;

[0019] S5. Mixing and spreading the base mixture;

[0020] S6. Use permeable concrete for pavement pouring construction;

[0021] S7. Design ecological vegetation belts and apply them on both sides or edges of sponge city roads;

[0022] S8. Build an intelligent monitoring and control module to continuously monitor the completed sponge city pavement.

[0023] Preferably, in step S1, the coarse aggregate is 5-20 mm continuously graded basalt crushed stone, the fine aggregate is 0.075-5 mm river sand, the sand content is controlled at 15%-20%, and the optimal sand ratio is determined by orthogonal test design, and fine-tuning is performed on this basis to find the optimal balance between permeability and strength. The grading curve is finely adjusted using computer simulation software, and an appropriate amount of cellulose ether or water reducing agent is added to improve the workability and workability of the mixture without affecting the permeability. The steps are:

[0024] S1.1. Use a vibrating screen to strictly screen coarse and fine aggregates to ensure that the particle size meets the design requirements;

[0025] S1.2. Carry out multiple grading tests in the laboratory and adjust the aggregate ratio until the optimal state is achieved;

[0026] S1.3. Conduct dosage tests on the selected additives to determine the optimal addition amount;

[0027] S1.4. Draw the final filler gradation curve according to the test results and prepare a specific material proportion table;

[0028] S1.5. Design filler gradation report, including gradation curve, material proportion table, and instructions for additive use.

[0029] Preferably, the test in step S2 includes a water permeability test, a compressive strength test, a durability test, and an environmental adaptability test;

[0030] The water permeability coefficient test uses a water permeability meter to simulate the water permeability under different rainfall intensities to ensure that the water permeability coefficient is ≥10 -2 cm / s, and record the change of water permeability under different pressures;

[0031] The compressive strength test uses a press to test the compressive strength of different ages to ensure that the compressive strength is ≥30MPa, and pay attention to the trend of strength change over time;

[0032] The durability test also includes freeze-thaw cycle test and salt spray corrosion test to evaluate the durability of materials in harsh environments;

[0033] The environmental adaptability test is used to simulate extreme weather conditions such as high temperature, low temperature or heavy rain that a sponge city may encounter, and to evaluate the stability of the material.

[0034] Preferably, the implementation process of step S2 is:

[0035] S2.1. Prepare multiple groups of samples according to the designed proportions to ensure that each group of samples is representative;

[0036] S2.2. Conduct preliminary water permeability and compressive strength tests on each group of samples to screen out samples with excellent performance;

[0037] S2.3. Conduct durability tests and environmental adaptability tests on the selected samples to evaluate their long-term performance;

[0038] S2.4. Conduct statistical analysis on the test data to determine the best material ratio and grading scheme;

[0039] S2.5. Prepare a detailed material performance test report based on the test results, including test methods, test data, and analysis conclusions;

[0040] S2.6. Prepare material performance test reports to provide a basis for the design of sponge city pavement structures.

[0041] Preferably, the step S3 adopts a layered filling and compaction method, with the thickness of each layer not exceeding 30 cm and the compaction degree ≥ 95%.

[0042] Preferably, in step S4, a high-density polyethylene drainage pipe network is used in combination with a permeable non-woven fabric as a filter layer, and the non-woven fabric is covered on top of the pipe network to avoid clogging by fine particles. The diameter of the drainage pipe is determined according to flow calculation, and the slope is ≥1%.

[0043] Preferably, the implementation process of step S5 is:

[0044] S5.1. Mix water, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate at the mixing station, ensuring a uniform mix;

[0045] S5.2. Use mechanical paving with a thickness of 15-20cm, and pay attention to maintaining uniform flatness and thickness;

[0046] S5.3. Use vibratory roller for compaction, with a compaction degree of ≥ 93%;

[0047] S5.4. Record base construction data, including mix ratio, paving thickness, and compaction data.

[0048] Preferably, the implementation process of step S6 is:

[0049] S6.1. Use permeable concrete with a water-cement ratio of 0.35 between permeable concrete and cement; the strength grade of permeable concrete shall not be lower than C25; and the permeability coefficient shall be ≥5×10 -3 cm / s;

[0050] S6.2. Carry out layered pouring with a thickness of ≤10 cm and compact it using a flat vibrator;

[0051] S6.3. After the concrete has initially set, roughening treatment shall be performed to improve the water permeability;

[0052] S6.4. Carry out covering and moisturizing maintenance for more than 14 days.

[0053] Preferably, the intelligent monitoring control module of step S8 includes:

[0054] Sensors, including water permeability sensors, flow sensors, and soil moisture sensors, are used to monitor various parameters in real time;

[0055] A data acquisition and transmission module, which is used to collect data from sensors and transmit the data to a monitoring center via a wireless network or a wired network;

[0056] A monitoring center, which is used to store, analyze and process data and generate reports and alarm information;

[0057] The control module is used to adjust the operating status of the drainage system according to the analysis results of the monitoring center, including adjusting the opening of the drainage pipe and starting or stopping the drainage pump.

[0058] Preferably, the accuracy of the sensor is ±5%, and the frequency of the data acquisition and transmission module is 1 min / time.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention proposes a method for optimizing filler gradation, thereby ensuring that the pavement has good water permeability, reducing road surface waterlogging, reducing the risk of urban waterlogging, and promoting the natural infiltration and recycling of rainwater, thereby ensuring the strength and durability of the pavement while enhancing the water permeability, and ensuring the high strength and stability of the pavement structure through material selection and grading and layered filling and compaction construction technology. At the same time, the present invention also constructs an intelligent monitoring and control module to monitor the key parameters of the pavement water permeability and drainage efficiency in real time, providing data support for later maintenance and management, and also uses permeable concrete and ecological vegetation belts to promote the natural circulation and recycling of rainwater, which not only improves the performance and durability of the pavement, but also realizes the intelligence and sustainability of rainwater management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 The present invention shows a flow chart of the municipal trunk road pavement structure and construction method of the sponge city. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] See also Figure 1 The present invention proposes a sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure and a construction method. Specifically, the sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure includes coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, drainage layer, base layer and permeable concrete surface layer. The coarse aggregate is basalt crushed stone, the fine aggregate is river sand, the drainage layer is a high-density polyethylene drainage pipe network with a water non-woven fabric as a filter layer, the base layer is made of a mixture of optimized coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, and the permeable concrete surface layer is made of permeable concrete for road pavement casting. The construction method includes the following steps;

[0064] S1. The pavement with optimized filler gradation in sponge city applications has both excellent water permeability and meets high-strength requirements;

[0065] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in step S1, the coarse aggregate is 5-20 mm continuously graded basalt crushed stone, the fine aggregate is 0.075-5 mm river sand, the sand content is controlled at 15%-20%, and the orthogonal test design is used to determine the optimal sand ratio, and fine adjustments are made on this basis to find the optimal balance between permeability and strength. The grading curve is finely adjusted using computer simulation software, and an appropriate amount of cellulose ether or water reducing agent is added to improve the workability and workability of the mixture without affecting the permeability. The steps are:

[0066] S1.1. Use a vibrating screen to strictly screen coarse and fine aggregates to ensure that the particle size meets the design requirements;

[0067] S1.2. Carry out multiple grading tests in the laboratory and adjust the aggregate ratio until the optimal state is achieved;

[0068] S1.3. Conduct dosage tests on the selected additives to determine the optimal addition amount;

[0069] S1.4. Draw the final filler gradation curve according to the test results and prepare a specific material proportion table;

[0070] S1.5. Design filler gradation report, including gradation curve, material proportion table, and additive usage instructions;

[0071] S2. Testing the physical and mechanical properties and water permeability of the materials and gradations selected in step S1 in sponge city applications;

[0072] In this embodiment, it should also be noted that the test in step S2 includes a water permeability test, a compressive strength test, a durability test, and an environmental adaptability test;

[0073] The water permeability coefficient test uses a water permeability meter to simulate the water permeability under different rainfall intensities to ensure that the water permeability coefficient is ≥10 -2 cm / s, and record the change of water permeability under different pressures;

[0074] The compressive strength test uses a press to test the compressive strength of different ages to ensure that the compressive strength is ≥30MPa, and pay attention to the trend of strength change over time;

[0075] The durability test also includes freeze-thaw cycle test and salt spray corrosion test to evaluate the durability of materials in harsh environments;

[0076] The environmental adaptability test is used to simulate extreme weather conditions such as high temperature, low temperature or heavy rain that a sponge city may encounter, and to evaluate the stability of the material;

[0077] In this embodiment, it should also be noted that the implementation process of step S2 is:

[0078] S2.1. Prepare multiple groups of samples according to the designed proportions to ensure that each group of samples is representative;

[0079] S2.2. Conduct preliminary water permeability and compressive strength tests on each group of samples to screen out samples with excellent performance;

[0080] S2.3. Conduct durability tests and environmental adaptability tests on the selected samples to evaluate their long-term performance;

[0081] S2.4. Conduct statistical analysis on the test data to determine the best material ratio and grading scheme;

[0082] S2.5. Prepare a detailed material performance test report based on the test results, including test methods, test data, and analysis conclusions;

[0083] S2.6. Prepare material performance test reports to provide a basis for the design of sponge city pavement structures;

[0084] S3. Strengthen and reshape the roadbed according to the material selection in step S1 and the qualified materials after testing in step S2;

[0085] In this embodiment, it should be noted that step S3 adopts a layered filling and compaction method, with each layer thickness not exceeding 30 cm and a compaction degree ≥ 95%;

[0086] S4. Laying the drainage layer;

[0087] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in step S4, a high-density polyethylene drainage pipe network is used in combination with a permeable non-woven fabric as a filter layer, and the non-woven fabric is covered on the pipe network to avoid clogging by fine particles. The diameter of the drainage pipe is determined according to the flow calculation, and the slope is ≥1%;

[0088] S5. Mixing and spreading the base mixture;

[0089] In this embodiment, it should also be noted that the implementation process of step S5 is:

[0090] S5.1. Mix water, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate at the mixing station, ensuring a uniform mix;

[0091] S5.2. Use mechanical paving with a thickness of 15-20cm, and pay attention to maintaining uniform flatness and thickness;

[0092] S5.3. Use vibratory roller for compaction, with a compaction degree of ≥ 93%;

[0093] S5.4. Record the base construction data, including mix ratio, paving thickness and compaction data;

[0094] S6. Use permeable concrete for pavement pouring construction;

[0095] In this embodiment, it should also be noted that the implementation process of step S6 is:

[0096] S6.1. Use permeable concrete with a water-cement ratio of 0.35 between permeable concrete and cement; the strength grade of permeable concrete shall not be lower than C25; and the permeability coefficient shall be ≥5×10 -3 cm / s;

[0097] S6.2. Carry out layered pouring with a thickness of ≤10 cm and compact it using a flat vibrator;

[0098] S6.3. After the concrete has initially set, roughening treatment shall be performed to improve the water permeability;

[0099] S6.4. Carry out covering and moisturizing maintenance for more than 14 days;

[0100] S7. Design ecological vegetation belts and apply them on both sides or edges of sponge city roads;

[0101] S8. Construct an intelligent monitoring and control module to continuously monitor the completed sponge city pavement;

[0102] In this embodiment, it should also be noted that the intelligent monitoring control module of step S8 includes:

[0103] Sensors, including water permeability sensors, flow sensors, and soil moisture sensors, are used to monitor various parameters in real time;

[0104] A data acquisition and transmission module, which is used to collect data from sensors and transmit the data to a monitoring center via a wireless network or a wired network;

[0105] A monitoring center, which is used to store, analyze and process data and generate reports and alarm information;

[0106] A control module, which is used to adjust the operating state of the drainage system according to the analysis results of the monitoring center, including adjusting the opening of the drainage pipe and starting or stopping the drainage pump;

[0107] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the accuracy of the sensor is ±5%, and the frequency of the data acquisition and transmission module is 1 minute / time.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] In actual application, please refer to Figure 1 The above-mentioned sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure and construction method specifically include the following steps:

[0110] 1. The pavement with optimized filler gradation in sponge city applications has both excellent water permeability and meets high-strength use requirements;

[0111] In this step, it should also be noted that the material selection is as follows:

[0112] Coarse aggregate, 5-20mm continuously graded basalt crushed stone, in addition to the basic specifications, the content of needle-like particles (≤15%), mud content (≤1%), and crushing value (≤10%) must also be considered to ensure the mechanical properties and stability of the aggregate;

[0113] Fine aggregate, 0.075-5mm river sand, the sand content is controlled at 15%-20%, and attention should be paid to the fineness modulus of the sand (between 2.4-2.8), mud content (≤3%), and mica content (≤2%) to ensure the quality of the sand. In addition, an appropriate amount of fly ash or slag powder can be added as a supplement to fine aggregate to improve the workability and strength of the mixture. The specific proportion can be determined through experiments;

[0114] The process parameters are as follows:

[0115] Optimize the sand ratio. Through orthogonal test design, the optimal sand ratio is determined to be 18%, and fine-tuned on this basis to find the best balance between permeability and strength;

[0116] Among them, the orthogonal test steps are:

[0117] (1) Select the key factors that affect the filler gradation performance (such as sand ratio, coarse aggregate particle size distribution, additive type and dosage), and set several different levels for each factor;

[0118] (2) Design experimental combinations based on the orthogonal table to ensure that all levels of each factor can be combined with all levels of other factors once;

[0119] (3) Prepare mixture samples according to the designed proportions and gradations;

[0120] (4) Conduct water permeability and compressive strength tests on each group of samples;

[0121] (5) Determine the influence of each factor on performance through range analysis or variance analysis, and find the best combination;

[0122] (6) Repeat the test on the best combination to verify its stability and reliability;

[0123] Adjust the gradation curve. Use computer simulation software to fine-tune the gradation curve to ensure uniform distribution of aggregates and avoid local compaction that leads to decreased permeability.

[0124] It should be noted that MATLAB, Python (combined with NumPy, Sci Py, Pandas library) or professional civil engineering simulation software (such as GeoStud io, PLAX IS) are used to simulate and optimize the grading curve, and the steps are as follows:

[0125] (1) Input aggregate particle size distribution data and use software to generate grading curve;

[0126] (2) By adjusting the proportion of aggregates with different particle sizes, the change of the grading curve is simulated and the corresponding void ratio and specific surface area parameters are calculated;

[0127] (3) Using optimization algorithms (such as genetic algorithms and particle swarm algorithms) to find the grading ratio that achieves the best permeability and compressive strength;

[0128] Special additives: consider adding an appropriate amount of cellulose ether or water reducer to improve the workability and workability of the mixture without affecting the water permeability;

[0129] Specifically, the process includes the following steps:

[0130] Aggregate screening: Use a vibrating screen to strictly screen coarse and fine aggregates to ensure that the particle size meets the design requirements. Specifically, the number of screen layers is determined according to the type of aggregate and grading requirements, and is not less than 3 layers. The screen aperture is selected according to the aggregate particle size range, such as 5mm, 10mm, and 20mm. The vibration frequency is adjusted between 20-60Hz according to the aggregate properties and screening efficiency, and the amplitude is adjusted between 1-5mm according to the screening efficiency and aggregate particle size;

[0131] The qualified parameters are: coarse aggregate 5-20mm, and each particle size segment is 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm;

[0132] Fine aggregate 0.075-5mm, sand content 15%-20%, fineness modulus 2.4-2.8;

[0133] Grading test: multiple grading tests are carried out in the laboratory to adjust the aggregate ratio until the optimal state is reached;

[0134] Additive test: select cellulose ether, water reducer, and air entraining agent additives for dosage test to determine the optimal addition amount. The process is as follows:

[0135] (1) Select several additives and set different addition levels;

[0136] (2) preparing mixed material samples containing different additives and addition amounts;

[0137] (3) Test the water permeability and compressive strength of the samples;

[0138] (4) Determine the optimal amount of each additive through data analysis;

[0139] Final gradation is determined. According to the test results, the final filler gradation curve is drawn and a specific material proportion table is compiled;

[0140] It should also be noted that the amount of cellulose ether added is 0.1%-0.3% of the amount of cement;

[0141] The amount of water reducer should be adjusted to 0.5%-2.0% of the cement dosage according to the type of cement and performance requirements;

[0142] The amount of air entraining agent added is adjusted to 0.01%-0.05% of the cement dosage according to the performance requirements of the mixture;

[0143] Output: Detailed filler gradation design report, including gradation curve, material proportion table, and additive instructions;

[0144] 2. Testing the physical and mechanical properties and water permeability of the materials and gradations selected in step S1 in sponge city applications;

[0145] It should be noted that the testing method of step S2 is:

[0146] The water permeability coefficient test uses an improved water permeability meter to simulate the water permeability under different rainfall intensities, ensuring that the water permeability coefficient is ≥10-2cm / s, and recording the changes in the water permeability coefficient under different pressures;

[0147] Compressive strength test: Use a press to conduct compressive strength tests at different ages to ensure that the compressive strength is ≥30MPa, and pay attention to the changing trend of strength over time. Specifically, the 3-day compressive strength is not less than 15MPa, the 7-day compressive strength is not less than 20MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength is ensured to be ≥30MPa. Pay attention to its changing trend over time and maintain steady growth.

[0148] At the same time, the compressive strength change trend is recorded and a curve chart of compressive strength change over time is drawn to analyze the strength growth trend to ensure that the mixture maintains stable mechanical properties during long-term use;

[0149] Durability testing includes freeze-thaw cycle testing and salt spray corrosion testing to evaluate the durability of materials in harsh environments. Specifically, the freeze-thaw cycle test is conducted for no less than 15 freeze-thaw cycles to evaluate the freeze-thaw resistance of the mixture.

[0150] Salt spray corrosion test: Expose the mixture in a salt spray environment for 30 days to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the mixture.

[0151] The specific number of cycles and corrosion time shall be determined according to the engineering requirements and test standards. The number of freeze-thaw cycles shall be no less than 15 times, and the salt spray corrosion time shall be no less than 30 days;

[0152] Environmental adaptability testing, simulating extreme weather conditions (such as high temperature, low temperature, and heavy rain) that sponge cities may encounter, and evaluating the stability of materials;

[0153] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0154] (1) Sample preparation: prepare multiple groups of samples according to the designed proportion to ensure that each group of samples is representative;

[0155] (2) Preliminary testing: Conduct preliminary water permeability and compressive strength tests on each group of samples to screen out samples with excellent performance;

[0156] (3) In-depth testing: durability testing and environmental adaptability testing are performed on the selected samples to evaluate their long-term performance;

[0157] (4) Data analysis: statistical analysis of test data to determine the best material ratio and grading scheme;

[0158] (5) Report preparation: Prepare a detailed material performance test report based on the test results, including test methods, test data, and analysis conclusions;

[0159] (6) Output comprehensive material performance test reports to provide a scientific basis for the design of sponge city pavement structures;

[0160] 3. Reinforce and shape the roadbed according to the materials selected in step 1 and the qualified materials tested in step 2 to ensure the stability of the roadbed and provide solid support for the pavement structure;

[0161] The roadbed soil or improved soil that meets the requirements of the specification is compacted by layered filling, with each layer not exceeding 30cm in thickness and a compaction degree of ≥95%;

[0162] 4. Lay the drainage layer to enhance the drainage capacity of the pavement system and promote rapid infiltration or drainage of rainwater;

[0163] The material is high-density polyethylene (HDPE) drainage network, with permeable non-woven fabric as the filter layer. The drainage network is laid out according to the design drawings to ensure that the slope meets the drainage requirements. The non-woven fabric is covered on the top of the network to prevent clogging by fine particles. The diameter of the drainage pipe is determined according to the flow calculation, such as DN100-DN300, and the slope is ≥1%;

[0164] 5. Mix and spread the base mixture to form a permeable and high-strength road base. Mix coarse and fine aggregates according to the designed ratio at the mixing station, add appropriate amount of water to ensure uniform mixing, use mechanical paving, and control the thickness to 15-20cm. Pay attention to maintaining consistent flatness and thickness. Use a vibrating roller to compact and ensure that the compaction degree is ≥93%. The base construction record includes the mixing ratio, paving thickness, and compaction data;

[0165] 6. Use permeable concrete for road pouring construction. Use permeable concrete, adjust the amount of cement according to the strength requirements, control the water-cement ratio at 0.35-0.45, pour in layers, and the thickness of each layer should not exceed 10cm. Use a flat vibrator to vibrate and compact the concrete. After the concrete is initially set, roughen it to increase the surface roughness and improve the permeability effect.

[0166] After that, the covering and moisturizing maintenance time shall be no less than 14 days, wherein the strength grade of permeable concrete shall be no less than C25, and the permeability coefficient shall be ≥5×10-3cm / s;

[0167] 7. Design ecological vegetation belts and apply them on both sides or edges of sponge city pavement to enhance the natural infiltration, retention and purification functions of rainwater and improve the urban landscape effect;

[0168] The vegetation should be drought-resistant, waterlogging-resistant, well-developed root systems, and purifying plants, such as reeds, cattails, and irises. The soil should be sandy loam or improved soil with good water permeability to ensure that rainwater can penetrate quickly.

[0169] The isolation layer is specifically a layer of permeable non-woven fabric between the vegetation belt and the road surface to prevent roots from damaging the road surface structure;

[0170] Specifically, it includes the following processes: topography of the vegetation belt area to ensure that the slope meets drainage requirements;

[0171] (1) Lay permeable soil on the prepared terrain, and the thickness is determined according to the needs of the plant roots;

[0172] (2) Plant the selected vegetation, paying attention to maintaining the spacing and density of the vegetation;

[0173] (3) Lay permeable non-woven fabric between the vegetation belt and the road surface to ensure isolation effect;

[0174] (4) Regularly water, fertilize, and prune vegetation to ensure healthy growth;

[0175] Among them, it should be noted that the vegetation coverage rate is not less than 80% to ensure sufficient rainwater retention and purification area. The soil thickness is determined according to the depth of the plant root system and is not less than 30cm. The isolation layer material is a permeable non-woven fabric with a gram weight of ≥150g / m2 , to ensure the isolation effect, record the construction of the ecological vegetation belt, including vegetation planting map, soil laying situation, and isolation layer setting;

[0176] 8. Build an intelligent monitoring and control module to continuously monitor the completed sponge city pavement, install an intelligent monitoring and control system in the sponge city pavement structure, and monitor key parameters such as pavement permeability, drainage efficiency, and soil moisture in real time to provide data support for later maintenance and management;

[0177] The system consists of:

[0178] Sensors, including water permeability sensors, flow sensors, and soil moisture sensors, are used to monitor various parameters in real time;

[0179] Data acquisition and transmission module, responsible for collecting sensor data and transmitting the data to the monitoring center through a wireless network or a wired network;

[0180] The monitoring center stores, analyzes and processes data and generates reports and alarm information;

[0181] The control module automatically adjusts the operating status of the drainage system according to the analysis results of the monitoring center, such as adjusting the opening of the drainage pipe, starting or stopping the drainage pump;

[0182] It should be noted that the accuracy of the sensor is determined according to the measurement requirements, such as the accuracy of the water permeability sensor is not less than ±5%, and the data transmission frequency is determined according to the monitoring requirements, such as transmitting data once per minute.

[0183] Through the above steps, the present invention proposes a method for optimizing filler gradation to ensure that the pavement has good water permeability, reduce road surface waterlogging, reduce the risk of urban waterlogging, and promote the natural infiltration and recycling of rainwater, thereby ensuring the strength and durability of the pavement while enhancing the water permeability. The high strength and stability of the pavement structure are ensured through material selection and grading and layered filling and compaction construction technology. At the same time, the present invention also constructs an intelligent monitoring and control module to monitor the key parameters of the pavement permeability and drainage efficiency in real time, providing data support for later maintenance and management, and also uses permeable concrete and ecological vegetation belts to promote the natural circulation and recycling of rainwater, which not only improves the performance and durability of the pavement, but also realizes the intelligence and sustainability of rainwater management.

[0184] In summary, the sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure and construction method of the present invention have significant advantages and broad application prospects. They not only meet the needs of modern cities for transportation functions, but also incorporate the concepts of environmental protection and sustainable development, and have made important contributions to building a more livable, resilient and sustainable urban environment.

[0185] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure, characterized in that: It includes coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, drainage layer, base layer and permeable concrete surface layer; The coarse aggregate is basalt crushed stone; The fine aggregate is river sand; The drainage layer is a high-density polyethylene drainage pipe network provided with a water non-woven fabric as a filter layer; The base layer is made of a mixture of optimized coarse aggregate and fine aggregate; The permeable concrete surface layer is made by pouring permeable concrete on the road surface.

2. A method for constructing a sponge city municipal trunk road pavement, according to the sponge city municipal trunk road pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The pavement with optimized filler gradation in sponge city applications has both excellent water permeability and meets high-strength requirements; S2. Testing the physical and mechanical properties and water permeability of the materials and gradations selected in step S1 in sponge city applications; S3. Strengthen and reshape the roadbed according to the material selection in step S1 and the qualified materials after testing in step S2; S4. Laying the drainage layer; S5. Mixing and spreading the base mixture; S6. Use permeable concrete for pavement pouring construction; S7. Design ecological vegetation belts and apply them on both sides or edges of sponge city roads; S8. Build an intelligent monitoring and control module to continuously monitor the completed sponge city pavement.

3. A sponge city municipal trunk road pavement construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the coarse aggregate is 5-20 mm continuously graded basalt crushed stone, the fine aggregate is 0.075-5 mm river sand, the sand content is controlled at 15%-20%, and the optimal sand ratio is determined through orthogonal test design, and fine-tuning is performed on this basis to find the optimal balance between permeability and strength. The grading curve is finely adjusted using computer simulation software, and an appropriate amount of cellulose ether or water reducing agent is added to improve the workability and workability of the mixture without affecting the permeability. The steps are: S1.

1. Use a vibrating screen to strictly screen coarse and fine aggregates to ensure that the particle size meets the design requirements; S1.

2. Carry out multiple grading tests in the laboratory and adjust the aggregate ratio until the optimal state is achieved; S1.

3. Conduct dosage tests on the selected additives to determine the optimal addition amount; S1.

4. Draw the final filler gradation curve according to the test results and prepare a specific material proportion table; S1.

5. Design filler gradation report, including gradation curve, material proportion table, and instructions for additive use.

4. A sponge city municipal trunk road construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that , the test in step S2 includes a water permeability test, a compressive strength test, a durability test and an environmental adaptability test; The water permeability coefficient test uses a water permeability meter to simulate the water permeability under different rainfall intensities to ensure that the water permeability coefficient is ≥10 - 2cm / s, and record the change of water permeability under different pressures; The compressive strength test uses a press to test the compressive strength of different ages to ensure that the compressive strength is ≥30MPa, and pay attention to the trend of strength change over time; The durability test also includes freeze-thaw cycle test and salt spray corrosion test to evaluate the durability of materials in harsh environments; The environmental adaptability test is used to simulate extreme weather conditions such as high temperature, low temperature or heavy rain that a sponge city may encounter, and to evaluate the stability of the material.

5. A method for constructing a municipal trunk road surface in a sponge city according to claim 4, characterized in that: The implementation process of step S2 is as follows: S2.

1. Prepare multiple groups of samples according to the designed proportions to ensure that each group of samples is representative; S2.

2. Conduct preliminary water permeability and compressive strength tests on each group of samples to screen out samples with excellent performance; S2.

3. Conduct durability tests and environmental adaptability tests on the selected samples to evaluate their long-term performance; S2.

4. Conduct statistical analysis on the test data to determine the best material ratio and grading scheme; S2.

5. Prepare a detailed material performance test report based on the test results, including test methods, test data, and analysis conclusions; S2.

6. Prepare material performance test reports to provide a basis for the design of sponge city pavement structures.

6. A method for constructing a municipal trunk road surface in a sponge city according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S3 adopts a layered filling and compaction method, with the thickness of each layer not exceeding 30 cm and the compaction degree ≥ 95%.

7. A method for constructing a municipal trunk road surface in a sponge city according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S4 uses a high-density polyethylene drainage pipe network with a permeable non-woven fabric as a filter layer, and covers the non-woven fabric above the pipe network to avoid clogging by fine particles. The diameter of the drainage pipe is determined according to flow calculation, and the slope is ≥1%.

8. A method for constructing a municipal trunk road surface in a sponge city according to claim 7, characterized in that: The implementation process of step S5 is as follows: S5.

1. Mix water, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate at the mixing station, ensuring a uniform mix; S5.

2. Use mechanical paving with a thickness of 15-20cm, and pay attention to maintaining uniform flatness and thickness; S5.

3. Use vibratory roller for compaction, with a compaction degree of ≥ 93%; S5.

4. Record base construction data, including mix ratio, paving thickness, and compaction data.

9. A method for constructing a municipal trunk road surface in a sponge city according to claim 8, characterized in that: The implementation process of step S6 is as follows: S6.

1. Use permeable concrete with a water-cement ratio of 0.35 between permeable concrete and cement; the strength grade of permeable concrete shall not be lower than C25; and the permeability coefficient shall be ≥5×10 -3 cm / s; S6.

2. Carry out layered pouring with a thickness of ≤10 cm and compact it using a flat vibrator; S6.

3. After the concrete has initially set, roughening treatment shall be performed to improve the water permeability; S6.

4. Carry out covering and moisturizing maintenance for more than 14 days.

10. A method for constructing a municipal trunk road surface in a sponge city according to claim 9, characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring control module of step S8 includes: Sensors, including water permeability sensors, flow sensors, and soil moisture sensors, are used to monitor various parameters in real time; A data acquisition and transmission module, which is used to collect data from sensors and transmit the data to a monitoring center via a wireless network or a wired network; A monitoring center, which is used to store, analyze and process data and generate reports and alarm information; A control module, which is used to adjust the operating state of the drainage system according to the analysis results of the monitoring center, including adjusting the opening of the drainage pipe and starting or stopping the drainage pump; The accuracy of the sensor is ±5%, and the frequency of the data acquisition and transmission module is 1 minute / time.

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