Desert road protection structure based on waste tires and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a desert road protection structure based on waste tires and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of environment and ecological protection. The desert road protection structure comprises a waste tire plant protection belt, a waste tire sand fixation belt and a protection net sand prevention belt; the waste tire plant protection belt is arranged within the range of 5-20 m away from the edge of the desert highway subgrade, the waste tire sand fixation belt is arranged within the range of 20-45 m away from the edge of the desert highway subgrade, and the protection net sand prevention belt is arranged within the range of 50-90 m away from the edge of the desert highway subgrade. According to the method, the desert road is protected through the waste tires, waste recycling is achieved, the utilization rate of the waste tires is greatly increased, meanwhile, the environment is protected, and the project cost and construction difficulty of desert road protection are reduced; the method has the characteristics of high sand prevention efficiency, good environmental coordination, short construction period, low economic cost and the like, and can improve the utilization rate of the waste tires.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a desert highway protection structure based on waste tires and a construction method, belonging to the technical field of environment and ecological protection. Background Art

[0002] my country has a large area of ​​desert land, mainly concentrated in the northern region, such as Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Gansu and other provinces. The most famous is the Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang. In order to promote the economic development of the areas along the route and the connection between the desert areas and the outside world, and to improve the living conditions of the residents along the route, a road stretching for several kilometers has been built in the desert. The total mileage of desert roads in Xinjiang alone has reached 1,770 kilometers. The cost of building roads in the desert is high, and the desert environment is harsh. The roads will be affected by the changing climate and the erosion of wind and sand and other disasters. This makes the protection of desert roads particularly important.

[0003] At present, the main protective measure for desert roads is to set up grass grid sand barriers, but there are certain problems with setting up grass grids: (1) In terms of cost, experienced workers are needed to set up the materials, and the construction period of grass grid sand barriers is relatively long; (2) In terms of service life, the main material of grass grid sand barriers is plant straw, which will gradually degrade under the influence of wind, sand and sunlight, weakening the sand fixation effect; as the grass grid sand barriers age, they need to be maintained and replaced regularly; (3) In terms of management, the harsh environment in desert areas can easily cause the grass grids to be buried by wind and sand and become ineffective, which increases the difficulty of managing the grass grid sand barriers and the energy required for long-term maintenance.

[0004] At the same time, with the vigorous development of the automobile industry, tire consumption continues to rise. In 2020, the global tire consumption is 1.577 billion, and my country's tire production in 2023 will reach 988 million, accounting for about 43% of the world. The huge tire production and consumption have greatly contributed to the continuous surge in the number of waste tires. The growth rate of waste tires produced in my country each year is estimated to be about 6% to 8%. Such a large demand rate and production growth rate have greatly increased the number of waste tires. Because rubber has good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and aging resistance, it is difficult for tires to degrade quickly in the natural environment after being discarded, causing serious "black pollution". At present, the main ways to recycle waste tires include: refurbishing tires, heat energy utilization, recycled rubber, rubber powder for utilization, and thermal cracking of waste tires. Despite this, the utilization rate of waste tires in my country is still very low. Taking the refurbishment of old tires of passenger and freight trucks as an example, it is only 15%; other waste tire utilization processes also have a series of problems, and cannot solve the rapid growth of such a large number of waste tires. Therefore, the resource utilization of waste tires has become one of the important issues that need to be solved urgently.

[0005] In view of the current problems of low utilization rate of waste tires and inadequacy of the grass grid sand barrier protection method for desert roads, the present invention provides a desert road protection structure and construction method based on waste tires. By utilizing waste tires, processing, designing and arranging them in a certain way, the desert road can be protected and waste recycling can be achieved. This not only greatly improves the utilization rate of waste tires, but also protects the environment and reduces the engineering cost and construction difficulty of desert road protection. It solves some of the inadequacies of the grass grid sand barrier in desert road protection and achieves the effects of waste utilization, road protection and beautification. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the current problems of low utilization rate of waste tires and inadequacy of grass grid sand barrier protection methods for desert roads, the present invention provides a desert road protection structure and construction method based on waste tires. By utilizing waste tires and performing certain treatment, design and arrangement on them, the desert road can be protected, and waste recycling is realized. This not only greatly improves the utilization rate of waste tires, but also protects the environment and reduces the engineering cost and construction difficulty of desert road protection. The structure has the characteristics of high sand prevention efficiency, good coordination with the environment, short construction period, low economic cost, etc., and can improve the utilization rate of waste tires.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a desert highway protection structure based on waste tires, including a waste tire plant protection belt, a waste tire sand fixation belt and a protection net sand control belt;

[0009] The waste tire plant protection belt is set within 5-20m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed, the waste tire sand fixation belt is set within 20-45m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed, and the protection net sand prevention belt is set within 50-90m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed.

[0010] Preferably, the waste tire plant protection belt is composed of waste tire units; the waste tire units include multiple waste tire unit layers, the bottom of the waste tire unit layer is sealed by a substrate, each waste tire unit layer includes multiple waste tires, preferably 9 waste tires, which are arranged in a nine-square grid, the crowns of adjacent waste tires are close to each other, and the crowns of adjacent waste tires are connected by rubber strips, so that the waste tire units are connected as a whole in this way;

[0011] Between adjacent waste tire unit layers, waste tires at the same vertical position correspond to each other, and rubber strips are used to connect the boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the waste tires at the same position in each layer;

[0012] Water pipes and protective plants are arranged inside the tire cores of the nine waste tires in the waste tire unit, so that the water pipes cover each tire;

[0013] Multiple waste tire units are placed in a gully within 5-20m from the edge of the roadbed. Due to their heavy weight, the waste tire units can be placed at the corresponding positions in the gully. The waste tire units are placed in the gully and exposed 0.3m above the ground. There are 4 rows of gullies, which are staggered front and back. The distance between two adjacent gullies in each row is preferably 1.5m, leaving space for tree crown growth.

[0014] The size of the waste tire unit body is 1.8-2.4m in length, 1.8-2.4m in width, and ≥0.6m in height. The tires used to make the waste tire unit body in the present invention are all complete, and there is no need to remove the sidewalls.

[0015] Preferably, the waste tire unit body preferably includes at least three waste tire unit layers, and the water pipe is located in the second uppermost waste tire unit layer;

[0016] The water delivery pipe includes a main pipe and a branch pipe. The waste tire unit layer in the middle layer is divided into 1st row, 2nd row and 3rd row in sequence. Holes are punched at the center of the sidewalls of the first and last waste tires in the second row, which are respectively hole A and hole B. Holes are punched at the sidewalls of other waste tires in contact with the waste tires, and the hole diameter is 0.05m. The main pipe enters from hole A, is distributed along the inner wall of the first waste tire in the second row and enters the second waste tire in the second row through the hole, is distributed along the inner wall of the second waste tire in the second row and enters the third waste tire in the second row through the hole, and is led out from hole B.

[0017] A branch pipe is connected to each of the three waste tire internal main pipes in the second row to divert the water flow from the main pipe to the waste tires adjacent to the first and third rows;

[0018] Each waste tire in the middle layer is connected to a hose, which is connected to a branch pipe. The hose is distributed along the inner wall of the waste tire, and multiple water outlets are evenly arranged on the hose for even water discharge.

[0019] The main pipe of the waste tire unit is connected to the water pump room through a pipeline, and the main pipes of adjacent waste tire units are connected through a retractable hose. A 0.15m retractable hose is installed between the waste tire units to make the waste tires interconnected and allow water to flow smoothly.

[0020] The main pipe diameter of the water supply pipe is 0.045m, the branch pipe is slightly smaller than the main pipe, the size of multiple hoses is 0.005m, and there are multiple water outlets with a diameter of 0.001m; the diameter of the retractable hose is 0.05m and the length is 0.15m.

[0021] Preferably, soil is arranged inside the core of the nine waste tires in the waste tire unit, and protective plants are pre-grown in the soil inside the core in advance; the soil contains minerals, organic matter, water, SAP, air, etc., with minerals accounting for 4.2-4.4% of the total proportion, organic matter accounting for 0.6-0.8% of the total proportion, water accounting for 2.4-2.6% of the total proportion, and SAP (polymer absorbent resin) accounting for 0.5-0.7% of the total proportion. After the water pipes and soil inside the waste tire unit are configured, the plants are pre-grown to prevent the plants from dying in the harsh environment of the desert and to improve the survival rate.

[0022] Connection sequence: First, connect each layer of waste tire unit layer (except the top two layers), and use the base plate to seal the bottom of the connected waste tire unit body; secondly, fill the inside with soil; next, connect the second layer of waste tire unit layer from the top in the same way, and arrange the water pipe and the retractable hose connection inside; then, connect the top layer of waste tire unit layer in the same way; in addition, fill the last two layers of unit layers with soil.

[0023] Preferably, the waste tire sand-fixing belt is formed by splicing multiple rows of components located on one side of the highway, and the structures of the multiple rows of components are the same or different, wherein each row of components is one of "I"-shaped, "X"-shaped, and "Z-shaped" components, and the multiple rows of components are connected into a whole by "Ⅰ"-shaped components;

[0024] The "I"-shaped, "X"-shaped, "Z"-shaped and "Ⅰ"-shaped components are all prefabricated or spliced ​​on-site from multiple waste tires with one sidewall removed, and adjacent waste tires are flexibly connected by rubber strips.

[0025] Preferably, the waste tires of "Ⅰ" type components are small tires with a diameter of less than 60 cm, and the waste tires of "I"-shaped, "X"-shaped, and "Z"-shaped components are large tires with a diameter of ≥ 60 cm. The side of the waste tires removed from the tire sidewalls is buried in the sand, and the burial depth is 1 / 3 of the crown thickness.

[0026] When the waste tires and sand retaining plates of the waste tire sand-fixing belt are about to be submerged by sand, the waste tires of the waste tire sand-fixing belt are raised to 2 / 3 of the surface of the sand, and the sand retaining plates are raised to completely expose the surface of the sand.

[0027] Preferably, the protective net and sand-proof belt comprises protective structures arranged in a staggered manner front and back, preferably arranged in 3-4 rows, each protective structure comprises a fog-catching net and a sand-blocking plate connected up and down, the fog-catching net and the sand-blocking plate are connected on both sides by circular steel pipes A (DN50) to form an overall frame, the fog-catching net and the sand-blocking plate are spaced a certain distance apart in the vertical direction, the bottom of the overall frame is fixedly connected to a three-claw support, the three-claw support is completely inserted into the interior of the sand dune, and the sand-blocking plate is exposed to the air on the surface of the sand;

[0028] The curvature of the sand barrier is designed to be between 29° and 32°, and the arrangement direction of the sand barrier is that the concave side is away from the road side. Since the shape of the sand dunes in the northwest region is crescent-shaped, and the leeward slope angle of the crescent-shaped sand dunes is between 29° and 32°, in order to better fit the shape of the moving sand dunes, the curvature of the sand barrier is designed to be between 29° and 32°, preferably 30°, and the arrangement direction of the sand barrier is that the concave side is away from the road side. The size of the sand barrier is an arc length of 4m and a height of 0.4 to 0.8m. This is because the moving height of the sand particles is mainly concentrated within 30cm from the ground surface, and the sand barrier is used to block the movement of wind and sand;

[0029] The sand retaining plate is made of stainless steel. The sand retaining plate leaks out of the sand surface. Three three-claw supports are evenly welded at the lower end of the sand retaining plate. One is to better fix the structure. The other is to pull up the sand retaining plate until the sand surface leaks out when the sand dune moves and accumulates to a height that is about to cover the sand retaining plate. At this point, it returns to its original state, so it can be used repeatedly, which is more economical.

[0030] The mist catching net comprises a knitted net, which is rectangular in shape, 4m in length and 3m in width, and made of metal, organic material, etc., preferably metal; the pores of the knitted net are 10-15mm, and the curvature thereof is consistent with the sand retaining plate at the bottom, and the circular steel pipe A connects the sand retaining plate to both sides of the knitted net;

[0031] The top of the knitted mesh above the overall frame is welded by a circular steel pipe B (DN50), and the bottom of the knitted mesh is welded by a semicircular steel pipe, and the curvature of the circular steel pipe B and the semicircular steel pipe is consistent with the curvature of the knitted mesh;

[0032] The opening of the semicircular steel pipe faces upwards and is used to receive water droplets condensed from fog on the knitted net. The semicircular steel pipe has a height difference in the horizontal direction, and the lower end is connected to the water pump room through a pipeline.

[0033] The opening of the semicircular steel pipe faces upward. When the fog passes through the knitted net, part of the fog will be intercepted by the knitted net and stay on the knitted net. Due to the low temperature of the knitted net, it will condense into water droplets, and then be received by the semicircular steel pipe. The semicircular steel pipe has a height difference in the horizontal direction, and the lower end is connected to the pump room through a pipeline, so as to achieve the purpose of resource recycling. When the sand dune moves and accumulates to a height that is about to cover the sand retaining plate, the sand retaining plate is pulled up until the surface of the sand leaks out. At this point, it returns to the initial state, so that it can be used repeatedly, which is more economical. The fog catching net can be removed in places with less fog.

[0034] On the other hand, the present invention provides a construction method of the above-mentioned desert highway protection structure based on waste tires, comprising the following steps:

[0035] (1) Collect waste tires and classify them into three categories according to their diameter: less than 60 cm, 60 to 80 cm, and greater than 80 cm. Clean and disinfect the waste tires to prevent the bacteria and oil pollution attached to the waste tires from causing harm to the soil;

[0036] (2) removing the sidewall and tire bead of one side of some waste tires, making the sidewall into rubber strips and rubber particles, and directly making the tire bead into rubber strips. The waste tires with the sidewall and tire bead removed are used as waste tire sand fixation belts in the future; the particle size of the rubber particles is 3-5 mm. Since the rubber particles have good porosity and elasticity, adding them to the soil can improve the air permeability and drainage of the soil, and have a certain effect on preventing soil compaction. At the same time, the surface of the rubber particles can absorb a certain amount of water, which can improve the water retention of the soil and reduce evaporation;

[0037] (3) Selecting waste tires of similar size to make a waste tire unit layer, the waste tires in each waste tire unit layer are placed in the form of a nine-square grid, the crowns of adjacent waste tires are close to each other, holes are punched at the contact points of the crowns, and the crowns of adjacent waste tires are connected by rubber strips;

[0038] (4) Splicing the waste tire unit layers to form a waste tire unit body. When the previous layer is placed, it is necessary to punch a hole at the boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the tire. The number of stacked layers is two less than the total number of layers for arranging the water pipe.

[0039] (5) Using a base plate to seal the waste tire unit body, when the base plate is connected to the waste tire unit body, the waste tire is placed in the middle of the base plate; the base plate is connected to the boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the bottom layer of the waste tire by bolts;

[0040] (6) Filling soil into the assembled waste tire units and joining the second uppermost layer of waste tire units;

[0041] (7) arranging a water pipe in the second layer at the top, splicing the top layer of waste tire units, and forming a complete waste tire unit body;

[0042] (8) Fill soil into the last two layers of waste tire unit layers, plant plants in the soil, and perform pre-cultivation to prevent the plants from dying in the harsh environment of the desert and improve the survival rate;

[0043] (9) Use a forklift to load the waste tire unit onto a transport vehicle and transport it to the desert highway site that needs protection. Dig four rows of trenches staggered in front and back within a range of 5-20m from the edge of the desert highway embankment. The distance between two adjacent trenches in each row is 1.5m, and the trench width is 2.6m. Lift the waste tire unit into the trench and make sure that the waste tire unit is 0.3m above the ground.

[0044] (10) The distance between the waste tire units is between 0.1 and 0.2 m. The retractable hoses on the outside of the waste tire units are connected. After all the waste tire units are hoisted, the gullies are filled and pump houses are placed on both sides of the highway. Thus, the waste tire plant protection belt is formed. The pump houses are used to irrigate plants. The distance between each pump house is 4 km. Each pump house manages the water supply problem extending 2 km on the left and right sides. The advantage of this arrangement is that the water supply system of the entire desert highway will not be paralyzed due to problems with a certain water pipe.

[0045] (11) Within 20-45m from the edge of the desert highway embankment, the waste tire sand-fixing belt is buried in the sand, with the burial depth being 1 / 3 of the tire crown thickness, and the rest is exposed to the air;

[0046] (12) Protective structures are installed within 50-90 m from the edge of the desert highway embankment. They are arranged in 3-4 rows and staggered front to back to form a protective net and sand-proof belt. Finally, the water collected by the fog net is transported to the pump room through pipes to achieve the purpose of resource recycling.

[0047] Preferably, in step (3), the punching positions are located on the upper and lower sides of the crown contact surface, avoiding punching holes in the middle. The punching positions refer to the holes between the waste tires in the waste tire unit connected by rubber strips. The reason for avoiding the middle is to leave space for the holes in the water pipe.

[0048] Preferably, in step (5), the base plate is made of hardwood board, with the size of 2.6m in length and 2.6m in width. The boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the bottom waste tire unit layer is connected to the base plate by bolts. Each side of the base plate is pre-buried with a detachable lifting component, and its position is: 0.9m inward from the four corners along the side, and the detachable lifting component is pre-buried at 0.3m away from the side. The number of ropes is increased to 8, each rope is tied to the detachable lifting component, and it is hung on the lifting hook. During the lifting, the waste tire unit body is lifted into the gully by a crane, and the waste tire unit body is exposed 0.3m above the ground, which can better prevent the erosion of the desert road by wind and sand, and better protect the desert road; then the rope is detached from the base plate to lift the next waste tire unit body; the distance between the waste tire units is controlled to be between 0.1-0.2m, so as to connect the retractable hose outside the waste tire unit body.

[0049] The invention uses waste tires to prefabricate waste tire units, pre-cultivates plants in the waste tire units, and after the pre-cultivation of the plants in the tire units is completed, the waste tire units are transported to a site where a desert highway is to be protected, and the waste tire units are buried within a range of 5-20m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed to form a waste tire plant protection belt, thereby reducing the erosion of wind and sand on the desert highway; at the same time, the waste tire units are buried within a range of 20-45m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed to form a waste tire sand-fixing belt, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing sand and reducing the movement of wind and sand on the ground surface; finally, a protective net sand-proofing belt is arranged within a range of 50-90m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed, wherein the purpose of the sand retaining plate is to prevent the movement of sand dunes and weaken the erosion of wind and sand, and the purpose of the fog-catching net is to capture and collect fog formed above the sand dunes due to the condensation of water vapor in the air due to the decrease in temperature, thereby saving irrigation water sources for the waste tire plant protection belt.

[0050] For any details not provided in the present invention, please refer to the prior art.

[0051] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0052] 1. The present invention utilizes waste tires to protect desert roads, realizes the recycling of waste resources, greatly solves the problem of low utilization rate of waste tires and the shortcomings of the current grass grid sand barrier protection method for desert roads; at the same time, in terms of resource damage, it reduces the negative impact of waste tires on the environment and increases waste recycling.

[0053] 2. The present invention uses waste tires to make waste tire units for planting plants, which greatly reduces the inconvenience of on-site construction conditions. At the same time, the waste tire units can retain moisture to a certain extent, improve the moisture content of the soil, and solve the rapid loss of irrigation water for planting plants in the desert and the conditions for plant growth in such a harsh environment as the desert; and by pre-raising plants with waste tire units, the mortality rate of plants is greatly reduced.

[0054] 3. The waste tire plant protection belt of the present invention can not only better protect desert roads from being eroded by wind and sand by planting plants on waste tires, but also improve the greening of desert areas and form a beautiful landscape in the desert areas.

[0055] 4. In the protective net sand-proof belt of the present invention, the lower part is an arc-shaped sand retaining plate. This shape can better fit the crescent-shaped sand dunes and slow down the movement of the sand dunes to a greater extent. At the same time, the arrangement is staggered front and back, which can better reflect the advantages of the sand retaining plate. Compared with the ones without curvature, the arc-shaped sand retaining plates on both sides can reduce the passage of wind and sand to a greater extent and prevent sand more effectively. The upper part is a fog-catching net, which can better collect fog in the desert area and convert it into water sources, and transport the water sources to the pump room. It can better utilize environmental factors into resources, improve the "resourceization" of the protective structure, and reduce the input of water resources.

[0056] 5. The waste tire sand-fixing belt of the present invention can effectively reduce the fluidity of sand and the movement of wind-blown sand; at the same time, compared with other sand-fixing materials, the acquisition cost of waste tires is low, which effectively reduces the cost; waste tires have the properties of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and aging resistance, and can exist in the harsh environment of the desert for a long time.

[0057] 6. Compared with the traditional sand fixation method, the sand fixation belt and the protection net of the present invention can realize functional restoration.

[0058] The three parts of the structure of the present invention all have their own functions, namely, planting plants at the proximal end, fixing sand at the middle end, and preventing sand at the distal end. The three parts are linked together to maximize the protection of the desert highway. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste tire unit of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the substrate structure of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the arrangement of the water pipes of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waste tire sand-fixing belt of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the protection structure of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a tire of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0067] In the figure, 1-base plate, 2-main pipe, 3-branch pipe, 4-hole A, 5-hose, 6-sand retaining plate, 7-pump room, 8-water supply direction, 9-detachable lifting component, 10-three-claw support, 11-knitted mesh, 12-circular steel pipe A, 13-circular steel pipe B, 14-semicircular steel pipe, 15-hole B, 16-crown, 17-sidewall, 18-bead, 19-shoulder, 20-"I"-shaped component, 21-"X"-shaped component, 22-"Z"-shaped component, 23-"Ⅰ"-shaped component, 24-waste tire unit, 25-protective structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation of this specification, but are not limited to this. Anything not fully described in the present invention shall be based on the conventional technology in the art.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] A desert highway protection structure based on waste tires, comprising a waste tire plant protection belt, a waste tire sand-fixing belt and a protective net sand-proof belt;

[0071] The waste tire plant protection belt is set within 5-20m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed, the waste tire sand fixation belt is set within 20-45m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed, and the protective net sand prevention belt is set within 50-90m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] A desert highway protection structure based on waste tires, as described in Example 1, except that Figure 1 As shown, the waste tire plant protection belt is composed of a waste tire unit body 24; the tire cross section of the present invention is as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, it includes a crown 16 , shoulders 19 , sidewalls 17 and beads 18 .

[0074] The waste tire unit body 24 includes multiple waste tire unit layers, the bottom of the waste tire unit layer is sealed by a base plate 1, each waste tire unit layer includes 9 waste tires, which are arranged in a nine-square grid, and the crowns 16 of adjacent waste tires are close to each other, and the crowns 16 of adjacent waste tires are connected by rubber strips, so that the waste tire unit body is connected as a whole in this way;

[0075] Between adjacent waste tire unit layers, waste tires at the same vertical position correspond to each other, and a rubber strip is used to connect the boundary between the sidewall 17 and the shoulder 19 of the waste tires at the same position in each layer;

[0076] Water pipes and protective plants are arranged inside the cores of the 9 waste tires in the waste tire unit, so that the water pipes cover each tire;

[0077] Multiple waste tire units are placed in a gully within 5-20m from the edge of the roadbed. Due to their heavy weight, the waste tire units can be placed at the corresponding positions in the gully. The waste tire units are placed in the gully and exposed 0.3m above the ground. There are 4 rows of gullies, which are staggered front and back. The distance between two adjacent gullies in each row is preferably 1.5m, leaving space for tree crown growth.

[0078] The size of the waste tire unit body is 1.8-2.4m in length, 1.8-2.4m in width, and ≥0.6m in height. The tires used to make the waste tire unit body in the present invention are all complete, and there is no need to remove the sidewalls.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] A desert highway protection structure based on waste tires, as described in Example 2, except that the waste tire unit body includes three waste tire unit layers, and the water pipe is located in the second waste tire unit layer at the top;

[0081] like Figure 3 As shown, the water delivery pipe includes a main pipe 2 and a branch pipe 3, and the waste tire unit layer in the middle layer is divided into 1st row, 2nd row and 3rd row in sequence. Holes are punched at the center of the sidewalls of the first and last waste tires in the second row, which are respectively hole A4 and hole B15. Holes are punched at the sidewalls of other waste tires in contact with the waste tires, and the hole diameter is 0.05m. The main pipe enters from hole A, is distributed along the inner wall of the first waste tire in the second row and enters the second waste tire in the second row through the hole, is distributed along the inner wall of the second waste tire in the second row and enters the third waste tire in the second row through the hole, and is led out from hole B;

[0082] A branch pipe 3 is connected to each of the three waste tire main pipes 2 in the second row, which is used to guide the water flow of the main pipe 2 to the waste tires adjacent to the first and third rows;

[0083] Each waste tire in the middle layer is connected to a hose 5, which is connected to the branch pipe 3. The hose 5 is distributed along the inner wall of the waste tire, and multiple water outlets are evenly arranged on the hose for uniform water discharge. The main pipe 2, the branch pipe 3, and the hose 5 are respectively as follows: Figure 3 Shown as red, green and blue lines.

[0084] The main pipe of the waste tire unit is connected to the pump room 7 through a pipeline, and the water supply direction is marked 8. The main pipes of adjacent waste tire units are connected by a retractable hose. A 0.15m retractable hose is installed between the waste tire units to make the waste tires interpenetrate each other and allow water to flow smoothly.

[0085] The main pipe diameter of the water supply pipe is 0.045m, the branch pipe is slightly smaller than the main pipe, the size of multiple hoses is 0.005m, and there are multiple water outlets with a diameter of 0.001m; the diameter of the retractable hose is 0.05m and the length is 0.15m.

[0086] The cores of the nine waste tires in the waste tire unit are provided with soil, and protective plants are pre-grown in the soil inside the cores in advance; the soil contains minerals, organic matter, water, SAP, air, etc., with minerals accounting for 4.2-4.4% of the total proportion, organic matter accounting for 0.6-0.8% of the total proportion, water accounting for 2.4-2.6% of the total proportion, and SAP (polymer absorbent resin) accounting for 0.5-0.7% of the total proportion. After the water pipes and soil inside the waste tire unit are configured, the plants are pre-grown to prevent the plants from dying in the harsh environment of the desert and to increase the survival rate.

[0087] Connection sequence: First, connect each layer of waste tire unit layer (except the top two layers), and use the base plate to seal the bottom of the connected waste tire unit body; secondly, fill the inside with soil; next, connect the second layer of waste tire unit layer from the top in the same way, and arrange the water pipe and the retractable hose connection inside; then, connect the top layer of waste tire unit layer in the same way; in addition, fill the last two layers of unit layers with soil.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] A desert highway protection structure based on waste tires, as described in Example 3, except that Figure 4 As shown, the waste tire sand-fixing belt is composed of multiple rows of components located on one side of the highway, and the structures of the multiple rows of components are the same or different, wherein each row of components is one of the "I"-shaped, "X"-shaped, and "Z-shaped" components, and the multiple rows of components are connected into a whole through "Ⅰ"-shaped components;

[0090] The "I"-shaped component 20, the "X"-shaped component 21, the "Z"-shaped component 22 and the "I"-shaped component 23 are all prefabricated or spliced ​​on site from a plurality of waste tires with one sidewall removed, and adjacent waste tires are flexibly connected by rubber strips.

[0091] The waste tires of the "Ⅰ" type component 23 are small tires with a diameter of less than 60 cm, and the waste tires of the "I" type, "X" type, and "Z" type components are large tires with a diameter of ≥ 60 cm. The waste tires are buried in the sand with one side of the tire side removed, and the burial depth is 1 / 3 of the crown thickness.

[0092] When the waste tires and sand retaining plates of the waste tire sand-fixing belt are about to be submerged by sand, the waste tires of the waste tire sand-fixing belt are raised to 2 / 3 of the surface of the sand, and the sand retaining plates are raised to completely expose the surface of the sand.

[0093] The invention lays the cleaned and disinfected waste tires within a range of 20-45m from the roadbed of a desert highway through flexible connection, thereby forming a waste tire sand fixation belt.

[0094] Example 5

[0095] A desert highway protection structure based on waste tires, as described in Example 4, except that the protection net sand-proof belt includes protection structures 25 arranged in a staggered manner in front and back, arranged in 3-4 rows, each protection structure 25 includes a fog catching net and a sand retaining plate 6 connected up and down, the fog catching net and the sand retaining plate 6 are connected on both sides by a circular steel pipe A12 (DN50) to form an overall frame, the fog catching net and the sand retaining plate are spaced a certain distance apart in the vertical direction, the bottom of the overall frame is fixedly connected to a three-claw support 10, the three-claw support 10 is completely inserted into the interior of the sand dune, and the sand retaining plate 6 is exposed to the air on the surface of the sand;

[0096] The curvature of the sand retaining plate 6 is designed to be between 29° and 32°, and the arrangement direction of the sand retaining plate is that the concave side is away from the road side. Since the shape of the sand dunes in the northwest region is crescent-shaped, and the leeward slope angle of the crescent-shaped sand dunes is between 29° and 32°, in order to better fit the shape of the moving sand dunes, the curvature of the sand retaining plate 6 is designed to be between 29° and 32°, preferably 30°, and the arrangement direction of the sand retaining plate 6 is that the concave side is away from the road side. The size of the sand retaining plate 6 is an arc length of 4m and a height of 0.4 to 0.8m. This is because the moving height of the sand particles is mainly concentrated within 30cm from the ground surface, and the sand retaining plate is used to prevent the movement of wind and sand;

[0097] The sand retaining plate 6 is made of stainless steel. The sand retaining plate leaks out of the sand surface. Three three-claw supports are evenly welded at the lower end of the sand retaining plate. One is to better fix the structure. The other is to pull up the sand retaining plate to the surface of the sand when the sand dune moves and accumulates to a height that is about to cover the sand retaining plate. At this point, it returns to its initial state, so it can be used repeatedly, which is more economical.

[0098] like Figure 5 As shown, the fog catching net includes a knitted net 11, which is rectangular in shape, 4m in length and 3m in width, and is made of metal; the pores of the knitted net 11 are 10-15mm, and its curvature is consistent with the sand retaining plate 6 at the bottom, and a circular steel pipe A 12 connects the sand retaining plate to both sides of the knitted net;

[0099] The top of the knitted mesh above the overall frame is welded by a circular steel pipe B13 (DN50), and the bottom of the knitted mesh is welded by a 4m long semicircular steel pipe 14. The curvature of the circular steel pipe B13 and the semicircular steel pipe 14 is consistent with the curvature of the knitted mesh 11;

[0100] The opening of the semicircular steel pipe 14 faces upwards and is used to receive water droplets condensed from the mist on the knitted mesh 11. The semicircular steel pipe 14 has a height difference in the horizontal direction, and the lower end is connected to the water pump room 7 through a pipeline.

[0101] The opening of the semicircular steel pipe 14 faces upward. When the mist passes through the knitted mesh 11, a part of the mist will be intercepted by the knitted mesh 11 and stay on the knitted mesh 11. Since the temperature of the knitted mesh 11 is relatively low, it will condense into water droplets, and then be received by the semicircular steel pipe 14. The semicircular steel pipe 14 has a height difference in the horizontal direction, and the lower end is connected to the pump room through a pipeline, so as to achieve the purpose of resource recycling. When the sand dune moves and accumulates to a height that is about to cover the sand retaining plate, the sand retaining plate is pulled up until the surface of the sand leaks out. At this point, it returns to the initial state, so that it can be used repeatedly, which is more economical. The fog catching net can be removed in places with less fog.

[0102] Example 6

[0103] A construction method for a desert highway protection structure based on waste tires comprises the following steps:

[0104] (1) Collect waste tires and classify them into three categories according to their diameter: less than 60 cm, 60 to 80 cm, and greater than 80 cm. Clean and disinfect the waste tires to prevent the bacteria and oil pollution attached to the waste tires from causing harm to the soil;

[0105] (2) removing the sidewall and tire bead of one side of some waste tires, making the sidewall into rubber strips and rubber particles, and directly making the tire bead into rubber strips. The waste tires with the sidewall and tire bead removed are used as waste tire sand fixation belts in the future; the particle size of the rubber particles is 3-5 mm. Since the rubber particles have good porosity and elasticity, adding them to the soil can improve the air permeability and drainage of the soil, and have a certain effect on preventing soil compaction. At the same time, the surface of the rubber particles can absorb a certain amount of water, which can improve the water retention of the soil and reduce evaporation;

[0106] (3) Selecting waste tires of similar size to make a waste tire unit layer, the waste tires in each waste tire unit layer are placed in the form of a nine-square grid, the crowns of adjacent waste tires are close to each other, holes are punched at the contact points of the crowns, and the crowns of adjacent waste tires are connected by rubber strips;

[0107] The punching position is located on the upper and lower sides of the crown contact surface, and the hole is avoided in the middle. The punching position refers to the holes between the waste tires in the waste tire unit connected by rubber strips. The reason for avoiding the middle is to leave space for the hole of the water pipe.

[0108] (4) Splicing the waste tire unit layers to form a waste tire unit body. When the previous layer is placed, it is necessary to punch a hole at the boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the tire. The number of stacked layers is two less than the total number of layers for arranging the water pipe.

[0109] (5) A base plate is used to seal the waste tire unit body. When the base plate is connected to the waste tire unit body, the waste tire is placed in the middle of the base plate 1, and the base plate 1 is connected to the boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the bottom layer of the waste tire by bolts;

[0110] (6) Filling soil into the assembled waste tire units and joining the second uppermost layer of waste tire units;

[0111] (7) arranging a water pipe in the second layer at the top, splicing the top layer of waste tire units, and forming a complete waste tire unit body;

[0112] (8) Fill soil into the last two layers of waste tire unit layers, plant plants in the soil, and perform pre-cultivation to prevent the plants from dying in the harsh environment of the desert and improve the survival rate;

[0113] (9) Use a forklift to load the waste tire unit onto a transport vehicle and transport it to the desert highway site that needs protection. Dig four rows of trenches staggered in front and back within a range of 5-20m from the edge of the desert highway embankment. The distance between two adjacent trenches in each row is 1.5m, and the trench width is 2.6m. Lift the waste tire unit into the trench and make sure that the waste tire unit is 0.3m above the ground.

[0114] (10) The distance between the waste tire units is between 0.1 and 0.2 m. The retractable hoses on the outside of the waste tire units are connected. After all the waste tire units are hoisted, the gullies are filled and pump houses are placed on both sides of the highway. Thus, the waste tire plant protection belt is formed. The pump houses are used to irrigate plants. The distance between each pump house is 4 km. Each pump house manages the water supply problem extending 2 km on the left and right sides. The advantage of this arrangement is that the water supply system of the entire desert highway will not be paralyzed due to problems with a certain water pipe.

[0115] (11) Within 20-45m from the edge of the desert highway embankment, the waste tire sand-fixing belt is buried in the sand, with the burial depth being 1 / 3 of the tire crown thickness, and the rest is exposed to the air;

[0116] (12) Protective structures are installed within 50-90 m from the edge of the desert highway embankment. They are arranged in 3-4 rows and staggered front to back to form a protective net and sand-proof belt. Finally, the water collected by the fog net is transported to the pump room through pipes to achieve the purpose of resource recycling.

[0117] In step (5), the base plate is made of hardwood board, with the size of 2.6m in length and 2.6m in width. The boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the bottom waste tire unit layer is connected to the base plate by bolts. Each side of the base plate 1 is pre-buried with a detachable lifting component 9, and its position is: 0.9m inward from the four corners along the side, and the detachable lifting component is pre-buried at 0.3m away from the side. The number of ropes is increased to 8, each rope is tied to the detachable lifting component 9, and it is hung on the lifting hook. During lifting, the waste tire unit body is lifted into the gully by a crane, and the waste tire unit body is exposed 0.3m above the ground, which can better prevent the erosion of the desert road by wind and sand, and better protect the desert road; then the rope is detached from the base plate to lift the next waste tire unit body; the distance between the waste tire units is controlled to be between 0.1-0.2m, so as to connect the retractable hose outside the waste tire unit body.

[0118] The invention uses waste tires to prefabricate waste tire units, pre-cultivates plants in the waste tire units, and after the pre-cultivation of the plants in the tire units is completed, the waste tire units are transported to a site where a desert highway is to be protected, and the waste tire units are buried within a range of 5-20m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed to form a waste tire plant protection belt, thereby reducing the erosion of wind and sand on the desert highway; at the same time, the waste tire units are buried within a range of 20-45m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed to form a waste tire sand-fixing belt, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing sand and reducing the movement of wind and sand on the ground surface; finally, a protective net sand-proofing belt is arranged within a range of 50-90m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed, wherein the purpose of the sand retaining plate is to prevent the movement of sand dunes and weaken the erosion of wind and sand, and the purpose of the fog-catching net is to capture and collect fog formed above the sand dunes due to the condensation of water vapor in the air due to the decrease in temperature, thereby saving irrigation water sources for the waste tire plant protection belt.

[0119] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A desert road protection structure based on waste tires, characterized in that: Including waste tire plant protection belt, waste tire sand fixation belt and protective net sand control belt; The waste tire plant protection belt is set within 5-20m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed, the waste tire sand fixation belt is set within 20-45m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed, and the protection net sand prevention belt is set within 50-90m from the edge of the desert highway roadbed.

2. The desert road protection structure based on waste tires according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste tire plant protection belt is composed of waste tire units; the waste tire units include multiple waste tire unit layers, the bottom of the waste tire unit layer is sealed by a substrate, each waste tire unit layer includes multiple waste tires, preferably 9 waste tires, which are arranged in a nine-square grid, with the crowns of adjacent waste tires close to each other, and the crowns of adjacent waste tires are connected by rubber strips; Between adjacent waste tire unit layers, waste tires at the same vertical position correspond to each other, and rubber strips are used to connect the boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the waste tires at the same position in each layer; Water pipes and protective plants are arranged inside the tire cores of the nine waste tires in the waste tire unit; Multiple waste tire units are placed in a gully within 5-20m from the edge of the roadbed. The waste tire units are placed in the gully and exposed 0.3m above the ground. The gullies are arranged in 4 rows, staggered front and back, and the distance between two adjacent gullies in each row is preferably 1.5m; The dimensions of the waste tire unit are 1.8-2.4m in length, 1.8-2.4m in width, and ≥0.6m in height.

3. The desert road protection structure based on waste tires according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The waste tire unit body preferably includes at least three waste tire unit layers, and the water pipe is located in the second waste tire unit layer at the top; The water delivery pipe includes a main pipe and a branch pipe. The waste tire unit layer in the middle layer is divided into 1st row, 2nd row and 3rd row in sequence. Holes are punched at the center of the sidewalls of the first and last waste tires in the second row, which are respectively hole A and hole B. Holes are also punched at the sidewalls of other waste tires in contact with the waste tires. The main pipe enters from hole A, is distributed along the inner wall of the first waste tire in the second row and enters the second waste tire in the second row through the hole, is distributed along the inner wall of the second waste tire in the second row and enters the third waste tire in the second row through the hole, and is led out from hole B. A branch pipe is connected to each of the three waste tire internal main pipes in the second row to divert the water flow from the main pipe to the waste tires adjacent to the first and third rows; A hose is connected to each waste tire in the middle layer. The hose is connected to the branch pipe. The hose is distributed along the inner wall of the waste tire, and multiple water outlets are evenly arranged on the hose for even water discharge. The main pipe of the waste tire unit is connected to the water pump room through a pipeline, and the main pipes of adjacent waste tire units are connected through a retractable hose.

4. The desert road protection structure based on waste tires according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Soil is arranged inside the tire cores of the 9 waste tires in the waste tire unit, and protective plants are pre-grown in the soil inside the tire cores.

5. The desert road protection structure based on waste tires according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste tire sand-fixing belt is formed by splicing multiple rows of components located on one side of the highway, and the structures of the multiple rows of components are the same or different, wherein each row of components is one of "I"-shaped, "X"-shaped, and "Z-shaped" components, and the multiple rows of components are connected into a whole by "Ⅰ"-shaped components; The "I"-shaped, "X"-shaped, "Z"-shaped and "Ⅰ"-shaped components are all prefabricated or spliced ​​on-site from multiple waste tires with one sidewall removed, and adjacent waste tires are flexibly connected by rubber strips.

6. The desert road protection structure based on waste tires according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The waste tires of "Ⅰ" type components are small tires with a diameter of less than 60cm, and the waste tires of "I" shaped, "X" shaped, and "Z" shaped components are large tires with a diameter of ≥ 60cm. The waste tires are buried in the sand with one side of the tire removed, and the burial depth is 1 / 3 of the crown thickness.

7. The desert road protection structure based on waste tires according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The protective net and sand-proof belt includes protective structures arranged in a staggered manner in front and back, preferably in 3-4 rows, each protective structure includes a fog-catching net and a sand-blocking plate connected up and down, the fog-catching net and the sand-blocking plate are connected on both sides by a circular steel pipe A to form an overall frame, the fog-catching net and the sand-blocking plate are spaced a certain distance apart in the vertical direction, the bottom of the overall frame is fixedly connected to a three-claw support, the three-claw support is completely inserted into the inside of the sand dune, and the sand-blocking plate is exposed to the air on the surface of the sand; The curvature of the sand barrier is designed to be between 29° and 32°. The arrangement direction of the sand barrier is that the concave side is away from the road side. The size of the sand barrier is an arc length of 4m and a height of 0.4-0.8m. The arc-shaped protective body includes a solid structure at the bottom and a hollow mesh at the top. The solid structure and the hollow mesh are fixedly connected, and the pore diameter of the hollow mesh is 0.2-0.3mm. The mist catching net comprises a knitted net, which is rectangular in shape, 4m in length, 3m in width, and has a pore size of 10-15mm. Its curvature is consistent with the sand retaining plate at the bottom, and a circular steel pipe A connects the sand retaining plate to both sides of the knitted net; The top of the knitted mesh above the overall frame is welded by a circular steel pipe B, and the bottom of the knitted mesh is welded by a semicircular steel pipe, and the curvature of the circular steel pipe B and the semicircular steel pipe is consistent with the curvature of the knitted mesh; The opening of the semicircular steel pipe faces upwards and is used to receive water droplets condensed from fog on the knitted net. The semicircular steel pipe has a height difference in the horizontal direction, and the lower end is connected to the water pump room through a pipeline.

8. A construction method for a desert highway protection structure based on waste tires as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Collect waste tires and classify them into three categories according to their diameter: less than 60 cm, 60 to 80 cm, and greater than 80 cm, and clean and disinfect the waste tires; (2) removing the sidewall and tire bead of one side of some waste tires, making the sidewall into rubber strips and rubber particles, and directly making the tire bead into rubber strips, and using the waste tires with the sidewall and tire bead removed as subsequent waste tire sand-fixing belts; (3) Selecting waste tires of similar size to make a waste tire unit layer, the waste tires in each waste tire unit layer are placed in the form of a nine-square grid, the crowns of adjacent waste tires are close to each other, holes are punched at the contact points of the crowns, and the crowns of adjacent waste tires are connected by rubber strips; (4) Splicing the waste tire unit layers to form a waste tire unit body. When the previous layer is placed, it is necessary to punch a hole at the boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the tire. The number of stacked layers is two less than the total number of layers for arranging the water pipe. (5) Using a base plate to seal the waste tire unit body, when the base plate is connected to the waste tire unit body, the waste tire is placed in the middle of the base plate; the base plate is connected to the boundary between the sidewall and the shoulder of the bottom layer of the waste tire by bolts; (6) Filling soil into the assembled waste tire units and joining the second uppermost layer of waste tire units; (7) arranging a water pipe in the second layer at the top, splicing the top layer of waste tire units, and forming a complete waste tire unit body; (8) Filling soil into the last two layers of waste tire unit layers, planting plants in the soil, and pre-cultivating them; (9) Use a forklift to load the waste tire unit onto a transport vehicle and transport it to the desert highway site that needs protection. Dig four rows of trenches staggered in front and back within a range of 5-20m from the edge of the desert highway embankment. The distance between two adjacent trenches in each row is 1.5m. Lift the waste tire unit into the trench and make sure that the waste tire unit is 0.3m above the ground. (10) The distance between the waste tire units is between 0.1-0.2m. The retractable hoses outside the waste tire units are connected. After all the waste tire units are hoisted, the gullies are filled and pump houses are placed on both sides of the road. At this point, the waste tire plant protection belt is formed; (11) Within 20-45m from the edge of the desert highway embankment, the waste tire sand-fixing belt is buried in the sand, with the burial depth being 1 / 3 of the tire crown thickness, and the rest is exposed to the air; (12) Protective structures are installed within 50-90 m from the edge of the desert highway embankment. They are arranged in 3-4 rows and staggered front to back to form a protective net and sand-proof belt. Finally, the water collected by the fog net is transported to the pump room through pipes to achieve the purpose of resource recycling.

9. The construction method of the desert highway protection structure based on waste tires according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step (3), the punching positions are located on the upper and lower sides of the crown contact surface to avoid drilling holes in the middle.

10. The construction method of the desert highway protection structure based on waste tires according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step (5), each side of the base plate is pre-embedded with a detachable lifting component to facilitate later lifting.

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