An air-tight seal structure of an electric spindle, an electric spindle

Abstract

The application provides an electric spindle air seal structure and an electric spindle, wherein the electric spindle air seal structure comprises: a front flange, a second channel is arranged on the front flange, an air seal ring is arranged on the front flange, a plurality of fifth channels and a plurality of sixth channels are arranged on the air seal ring, a front end cover is arranged on the front flange, a first gap is formed between the front end cover and the air seal ring, the air seal ring is sleeved on a front end nut of the electric spindle, a third channel is formed between the air seal ring and the front flange, one end of the second channel is communicated with a first channel, the other end of the second channel is communicated with the third channel, after the gas flows through the second channel and the third channel in sequence, part of the gas flows to a thread groove of the front end nut through the sixth channel, and the remaining gas flows to the first gap through the fifth channel. According to the application, the technical problem of poor sealing effect caused by the single circumferential air curtain of the spindle front end air seal structure in the prior art can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of electric spindles, and particularly relates to an electric spindle air-tight sealing structure and an electric spindle. BACKGROUND

[0002] An electric spindle is a new technology in the field of numerical control machine tools, which combines a driving motor and a rotating spindle into one. With the continuous development of science and technology, the performance requirements for electric spindles are becoming higher and higher. Electric spindles with high precision, high speed, high rigidity and high torque stand out, especially machining center electric spindles. Most machining center electric spindles use precision and super-high-precision rolling bearings. In order to protect the bearings from damage by water, oil and cutting chip pollutants, the spindle must use a sealing structure to prevent the entry of pollutants and corrosion of the bearings, thereby reducing the service life of the spindle.

[0003] Most existing spindle air-tight sealing structures only seal the front end of the spindle, often ignoring the sealing of the rear bearing of the spindle. During long-term use of the machining center spindle, there is a great possibility of leakage of the water leakage, which directly flows into the spindle from the tail, and then flows into the rear bearing of the spindle, affecting the service life of the spindle. Therefore, the air-tight sealing of the rear end of the spindle is also particularly important. Moreover, most existing spindle front-end air-tight sealing structures use a gas seal ring to generate a single circumferential air curtain. A limited number of uniformly distributed radial air holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the gas seal ring, so that the sealing gas enters the sealing gap from the air holes. The single air curtain has limited ability to prevent pollutants from entering the bearing, and over time, it still affects the service life of the spindle.

[0004] Since the existing spindle front-end air-tight sealing structure is a single circumferential air curtain, it has the technical problems of poor sealing effect, therefore, the application researches and designs an electric spindle air-tight sealing structure and an electric spindle. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the application provides an electric spindle air-tight sealing structure and an electric spindle, which can solve the technical problem of poor sealing effect of the single circumferential air curtain of the existing spindle front-end air-tight sealing structure.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides an air-tight sealing structure of an electric spindle, which comprises a front flange, a second channel is arranged on the front flange, an air-tight sealing ring is arranged on the front flange, a plurality of fifth channels and a plurality of sixth channels are arranged on the air-tight sealing ring, the fifth channels are arranged along the axial direction of the air-tight sealing ring, the sixth channels are arranged along the radial direction of the air-tight sealing ring, a front end cover is arranged on the front flange, a first gap is formed between the front end cover and the air-tight sealing ring, the air-tight sealing ring is sleeved on a front end nut of the electric spindle, a third channel is formed between the air-tight sealing ring and the front flange, one end of the second channel is communicated with the first channel, the other end of the second channel is communicated with the third channel, after the gas flows through the second channel and the third channel in sequence, part of the gas flows to the thread groove of the front end nut through the sixth channels, and the remaining gas flows to the first gap through the fifth channels.

[0007] In some embodiments, a plurality of seventh channels are arranged on the front end cover, the seventh channels are arranged on the front end cover, the seventh channels pass through the front end cover, one end of the seventh channel is communicated with the fifth channel, the other end of the seventh channel is arranged on the front end cover and faces away from the air-tight sealing ring, and a plug is arranged in the seventh channel.

[0008] In some embodiments, the air-tight sealing structure of the electric spindle further comprises a rear end pipeline disc and a shaft sleeve, the rear end pipeline disc, the shaft sleeve and the front flange are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the electric spindle, a first channel is arranged on the rear end pipeline disc, one end of the first channel is arranged on the rear end pipeline disc, the other end of the first channel passes through the rear end pipeline disc and the shaft sleeve in sequence and is located in the front flange, and the other end of the first channel is communicated with the second channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, an eighth channel and a ninth channel are arranged on the rear end pipeline disc, the eighth channel is annular, the ninth channel is arranged along the axial direction of the rear end pipeline disc, one end of the ninth channel is arranged on the end of the rear end pipeline disc which faces away from the shaft sleeve, one side of the eighth channel is communicated with the first channel, and the other side of the eighth channel is communicated with the ninth channel.

[0010] In some embodiments, the ninth channel is arranged close to the rotating shaft of the electric spindle relative to the first channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the rear end pipe disc is sleeved with a rear end nut, a second gap is formed between the rear end nut and the rear end pipe disc, a fourth channel is arranged on the rear end pipe disc, one end of the fourth channel is arranged on the outer wall of the rear end pipe disc, and the other end of the fourth channel is communicated with the second gap, and the gas flowing out of the ninth channel flows out at least partially through the second gap and then through the fourth channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the ninth channel is annular, and the ninth channel extends along the axial direction of the rear end pipe disc, and the eighth channel extends along the radial direction of the rear end pipe disc.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ninth channel has a plurality of channels, and the plurality of channels are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rear end pipe disc, and the ninth channel extends along the axial direction of the rear end pipe disc.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plurality of fifth channels and the plurality of sixth channels are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the gas seal ring, the gas seal ring has a first part and a second part, the first part is arranged on the second part, the outer diameter of the second part is greater than the outer diameter of the first part, the fifth channel is arranged on the second part along the axial direction of the second part, and the sixth channel is arranged on the end face of the second part away from the first part along the radial direction of the first part, and the third channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the first part, the second part and the front flange.

[0015] The application also provides an electric spindle comprising the electric spindle gas seal structure.

[0016] The electric spindle gas seal structure and the electric spindle provided by the application have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] After the gas enters the second channel, part of the gas flows to the thread groove of the front end nut through the sixth channel to form a first gas curtain, and the remaining gas flows to the first gap through the fifth channel to form a second gas curtain. The double gas curtain structure formed at the front end of the electric spindle can effectively prevent contaminants from entering the front bearing and affecting the service life of the spindle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. The drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the air-tight seal structure of the electric spindle of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the air-tight seal ring in the air-tight seal structure of the electric spindle of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the pipe disc in the air-tight seal structure of the electric spindle of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of I in

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of II in

[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of A in

[0025] Figure 7 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of IV in

[0026] Figure 8 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of B in

[0027] Figure 9 is an assembly structural diagram of the front-end gap deflection in the air-tight seal structure of the electric spindle of the present application;

[0028] Figure 10 is an assembly structural diagram of the rear-end gap deflection in the air-tight seal structure of the electric spindle of the present application.

[0029] The reference signs are:

[0030] 1, shaft sleeve; 2, front-end nut; 3, front-end spacer ring; 4, front bearing; 5, front-end flange; 6, plug; 7, rear-end pipe disc; 8, second channel; 9, air-tight seal ring; 10, gland; 11, pull rod anti-rotation ring; 12, fixed seat; 13, front-end cover; 14, rear-end nut; 15, rear-end flange; 16, rear-end spacer ring; 17, first channel; 18, third channel; 19, fifth channel; 20, threaded groove; 21, sixth channel; 22, seventh channel; 23, eighth channel; 24, ninth channel; 25, fourth channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Clearly, the embodiments described are only a part of all the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one example embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and does not serve as any limitation to the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of the present application.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicated orientation or position relationship are generally based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, without the opposite description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation to the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component.

[0033] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "over", "above", "upper surface", "upper" and the like can be used to describe the spatial position relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Therefore, the example term "above" can include both "above" and "below" orientations. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0034] In addition, it should be noted that the use of "first", "second" and the like to define parts is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding parts, and the above words have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] For reference Figures 1-10As shown, according to the embodiment of the present application, an air-tight seal structure of an electric spindle is provided, comprising: a front flange 5, a second channel 8 is arranged on the front flange 5, an air-tight seal ring 9 is arranged on the front flange 5, a plurality of fifth channels 19 and a plurality of sixth channels 21 are arranged on the air-tight seal ring 9, the fifth channels 19 are arranged along the axial direction of the air-tight seal ring 9, the sixth channels 21 are arranged along the radial direction of the air-tight seal ring 9, a front end cover 13 is arranged on the front flange 5, a first gap is formed between the front end cover 13 and the air-tight seal ring 9, the air-tight seal ring 9 is sleeved on a front end nut 2 of the electric spindle, a third channel 18 is formed between the air-tight seal ring 9 and the front flange 5, one end of the second channel 8 communicates with the first channel 17, the other end of the second channel 8 communicates with the third channel 18, after the gas flows through the second channel 8 and the third channel 18 in sequence, part of the gas flows to a thread groove 20 of the front end nut 2 through the sixth channels 21, and the remaining gas flows to the first gap through the fifth channels 19. In this technical solution, after the gas enters from the second channel 8, part of the gas flows to the thread groove 20 of the front end nut 2 through the sixth channels 21 to form a first air curtain, and the remaining gas flows to the first gap through the fifth channels 19 to form a second air curtain. Twice air curtain structures are formed at the front end of the electric spindle, which can effectively prevent contaminants from entering the front bearing and affecting the service life of the spindle.

[0036] The related art provides an air-tight seal structure that forms a circumferential air curtain by using an air seal ring. The air holes are not radially symmetrically distributed, but are rotationally symmetrically distributed at a certain oblique angle. The diameter of the air holes is very small, and multiple clamping needs to be completed, which has high processing cost.

[0037] The related art also provides a structure that cancels the air seal ring and realizes the circumferential air curtain property of the front end of the spindle by cooperation between adjacent parts. However, this scheme only designs one air curtain to prevent contaminants from entering the bearing, and the additional contaminant discharge hole greatly affects the air curtain. The gas will flow out of the discharge hole, thereby increasing the risk of contaminants entering the front bearing.

[0038] In some embodiments, a plurality of seventh channels 22 are arranged on the front end cover 13, the seventh channels 22 are arranged along the front end cover 13 and penetrate the front end cover 13, one end of the seventh channel 22 is communicated with the fifth channel 19, the other end of the seventh channel 22 is arranged on the front end cover 13 away from the gas seal ring 9, and a plug 6 is arranged in the seventh channel 22. In the technical scheme, the contaminant storage cavity is formed at the front end cover 13, the front end nut 2 and the front end gas seal ring 9, when the electric spindle is normally operated, the seventh channel 22 is blocked, when the electric spindle is maintained, the seventh channel 22 is opened through the plug 6, the contaminant is discharged out of the electric spindle under the action of the airflow in the fifth channel 19, and the maintenance of the electric spindle is facilitated.

[0039] In some embodiments, the electric spindle gas seal structure further comprises a rear end pipeline disc 7 and a shaft sleeve 1, which are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the electric spindle, the rear end pipeline disc 7, the shaft sleeve 1 and the front end flange 5, a first channel 17 is arranged on the rear end pipeline disc 7, one end of the first channel 17 is arranged on the rear end pipeline disc 7, the other end of the first channel 17 penetrates the rear end pipeline disc 7 and the shaft sleeve 1 in sequence and is located in the front end flange 5, and is communicated with the second channel 8. In the technical scheme, the gas seal gas is transported to the inside of the electric spindle through the first channel 17, further, the electric spindle structure further comprises a front end separation ring 3, as shown in the drawing, a first groove is arranged on the front end separation ring 3, a second groove is arranged on the front end cover 13, the front end flange 5 has a first protrusion and a second protrusion, and a third gap exists between the front end flange 5 and the front end cover 13. When the contaminant enters the electric spindle from the third gap between the front end flange 5 and the front end cover 13, the contaminant will be deflected by 90° through the 9 stages, the difficulty of the contaminant entering the front bearing is increased, and the front bearing 4 of the electric spindle is ensured not to be contaminated. Figure 9

[0040] The electric spindle gas seal structure of the application designs a contaminant storage cavity at the front end cover 13, the front end nut 2 and the front end gas seal ring 9, and four seventh channels 22 are arranged on the front end cover 13, the seventh channel 22 is blocked when the electric spindle is normally operated, and the seventh channel 22 is opened when the electric spindle is maintained, so that the contaminant can be discharged.

[0041] ​The air-tight sealing structure of the electric spindle, gas enters the third axial passage 18 of the front-end air-tight sealing ring through the axial flow channel of the shaft sleeve 1 and the radial flow channel of the front-end flange, that is, a first annular cavity is formed, so that the gas uniformly passes through the 20 axial holes and the 4 radial holes of the front-end air-tight sealing ring 9. The gas blown out of the 20 axial holes forms a first air curtain in the air gap flow channel between the front-end air-tight sealing ring 9 and the front-end cover 13, and the gas blown out of the 4 radial holes forms a second air curtain at the circumferential triangular thread groove 20 of the front-end nut, which can effectively prevent contaminants from entering the front bearing and affecting the service life of the spindle. By designing the mechanical structures of the front-end flange 5, the front-end cover 13, the front-end nut 2 and the front-end spacer ring 3, a 9-stage 90° gap deflection is formed, the difficulty of the contaminants entering the front bearing is increased, and the front bearing of the spindle is ensured to be not contaminated.

[0042] In some embodiments, the rear-end pipeline disc 7 is provided with an eighth passage 23 and a ninth passage 24. The eighth passage 23 is annular, and the ninth passage 24 is arranged along the axial direction of the rear-end pipeline disc 7. One end of the ninth passage 24 is arranged at the end of the rear-end pipeline disc 7 away from the shaft sleeve 1. One side of the eighth passage 23 is communicated with the first passage 17, and the other side of the eighth passage 23 is communicated with the ninth passage 24. In this technical solution, the eighth passage 23 and the ninth passage 24 can form an air-tight sealing structure at the rear end of the electric spindle at the outlet of the ninth passage 24 while air-tightly sealing the front end of the electric spindle, and the air-tight sealing performance of the front end and the rear end of the electric spindle is considered.

[0043] In some embodiments, the ninth passage 24 is arranged close to the rotating shaft of the electric spindle relative to the first passage 17. In this technical solution, the ninth passage 24 is arranged close to the rotating shaft of the electric spindle relative to the first passage 17, that is, the ninth passage 24 and the first passage 17 are arranged in the radial direction of the rear-end pipeline disc 7, which ensures the normal air intake of the first passage 17 and the air-tight sealing effect of the ninth passage 24 on the spindle.

[0044] In some embodiments, the rear-end pipeline disc 7 is provided with a rear-end nut 14, and a second gap is formed between the rear-end nut 14 and the rear-end pipeline disc 7. The rear-end pipeline disc 7 is provided with a fourth passage 25. One end of the fourth passage 25 is arranged on the outer wall of the rear-end pipeline disc 7, and the other end of the fourth passage 25 is communicated with the second gap. The gas flowing out of the ninth passage 24 at least partially passes through the second gap and then flows out of the fourth passage 25. In this technical solution, the fourth passage 25 is used to discharge the gas after air-tight sealing out of the electric spindle to form air circulation.

[0045] The electric spindle air seal structure of the application, wherein the electric spindle static part comprises a shaft sleeve 1, a front flange 5, a rear pipeline disc 7, a rear air seal gland 10, a floating tool breaking cylinder fixing seat 12 and a rear flange 15; the electric spindle rotating part comprises a front end cover 13, a front end nut 2, a front end separation ring 3, a front bearing 4, a pull rod anti-rotation ring 11, a rear end nut 14 and a rear bearing rear separation ring 16. The front flange 5 and the rear pipeline disc 7 of the electric spindle are respectively provided with air seal gas inlet channels of the front bearing position and the rear bearing position, and the gas enters the rear pipeline disc 7 and is divided into two channels in the axial flow channel of the rear pipeline disc 7, one of which is sealed to the rear bearing through the rear pipeline disc radial eighth channel 23, and the other continues to move forward and is sealed to the front bearing through the axial flow channel of the shaft sleeve 1.

[0046] In some embodiments, the ninth channel 24 is annular, and the ninth channel 24 extends in the axial direction of the rear pipeline disc 7, and the eighth channel 23 extends in the radial direction of the rear pipeline disc 7. In this technical solution, the ninth channel 24 is annular, and the ninth channel 24 extends in the axial direction of the rear pipeline disc 7, and the eighth channel 23 extends in the radial direction of the rear pipeline disc 7. In this way, the areas of the eighth channel 23 and the ninth channel 24 are maximized, ensuring the air seal effect of the ninth channel 24.

[0047] The gas enters the rear air seal axial flow channel through the rear pipeline disc radial eighth channel 23, forms a circumferential flow channel of an annular cavity, and can be uniformly discharged from the 18 rear pipeline disc axial cylindrical gas holes, that is, the ninth channel 24, and forms an air curtain in the air gap flow channel between the rear pipeline disc 7 and the pull rod anti-rotation ring 11, effectively preventing contaminants from entering the rear bearing.

[0048] The electric spindle air seal structure of the application, wherein the electric spindle static part comprises a shaft sleeve 1, a front flange 5, a rear pipeline disc 7, a rear air seal gland 10, a floating tool breaking cylinder fixing seat 12 and a rear flange 15; the electric spindle rotating part comprises a front end cover 13, a front end nut 2, a front end separation ring 3, a front bearing 4, a pull rod anti-rotation ring 11, a rear end nut 14 and a rear bearing rear separation ring 16. The front flange 5 and the rear pipeline disc 7 of the electric spindle are respectively provided with air seal gas inlet channels of the front bearing position and the rear bearing position, and the gas enters the rear pipeline disc 7 and is divided into two channels in the axial flow channel of the rear pipeline disc 7, one of which is sealed to the rear bearing through the rear pipeline disc radial eighth channel 23, and the other continues to move forward and is sealed to the front bearing through the axial flow channel of the shaft sleeve 1.

[0049] In some embodiments, the ninth channel 24 is annular, and the ninth channel 24 extends in the axial direction of the rear pipeline disc 7, and the eighth channel 23 extends in the radial direction of the rear pipeline disc 7. In this technical solution, the ninth channel 24 is annular, and the ninth channel 24 extends in the axial direction of the rear pipeline disc 7, and the eighth channel 23 extends in the radial direction of the rear pipeline disc 7. In this way, the areas of the eighth channel 23 and the ninth channel 24 are maximized, ensuring the air seal effect of the ninth channel 24. Figure 3As shown, the ninth channels 24 are provided in the rear end piping disc 7, and the ninth channels 24 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rear end piping disc 7 and extend along the axial direction of the rear end piping disc 7. In this way, the air-tight effect of the ninth channels 24 is ensured, and the mechanical strength of the rear end piping disc 7 is ensured.

[0050] With reference to Figure 10 As shown, the rear end nut 14, the rear end piping disc 7, the rear end flange 15 and the rear bearing rear spacer ring 16 form a 7-stage 90° gap deflection effective to prevent the pollutants from entering the rear bearing and affecting the service life of the main shaft. If the pollutants enter the main shaft, the designed rear end air-tight structure can blow the pollutants out of the two rear end fourth channels 25 opened in the rear end piping disc 7, effectively improving the service life of the main shaft.

[0051] In some embodiments, the fifth channels 19 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the air-tight ring 9, the sixth channels 21 are arranged at intervals, the air-tight ring 9 has a first part and a second part, the first part is arranged on the second part, the outer diameter of the second part is greater than the outer diameter of the first part, the fifth channels 19 are arranged on the second part along the axial direction of the second part, and the sixth channels 21 are arranged on the end face of the second part away from the first part along the radial direction of the first part, and the third channels 18 are formed between the outer peripheral wall of the first part, the second part and the front end flange 5. In this technical solution, with reference to Figure 2 As shown, the stepped structure of the air-tight ring 9 enables the gas in the third channels 18 to move along the radial direction and the axial direction of the air-tight ring 9 respectively, thereby forming two air curtains and improving the air-tight effect of the electric main shaft.

[0052] The electric main shaft air-tight structure of the application has the following advantages. The electric main shaft air-tight structure is designed, the double-layer air curtains are added at the front end, the problem of preventing the front end of the main shaft from being contaminated is effectively solved, the problem of preventing the rear bearing of the main shaft from being contaminated is considered, and the problem of the pollutants entering the rear bearing of the main shaft is solved.

[0053] The application further provides an electric main shaft comprising the electric main shaft air-tight structure.

[0054] The electric spindle of the present application comprises a sleeve 1, a front end nut 2, a front end spacer ring 3, a front bearing 4, a front end flange 5, a rear end pipeline disc 7, a second channel 8, a gas seal ring 9, a gland 10, a pull rod anti-rotation ring 11, a fixed seat 12, a front end cover 13, a rear end nut 14, a rear end flange 15, a rear bearing rear spacer ring 16, the connecting structure of the structure electric spindle is basically same as the existing electric spindle connecting structure, the gas seal structure of the electric spindle is improved, twice air curtain is formed at the front end of the electric spindle, and the gas seal structure of the rear end of the electric spindle is also considered, and the gas seal performance of the electric spindle is improved.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the advantageous features of the above-described modes can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0056] The above description is merely preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above description is merely preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, a number of improvements and variations can be made, and these improvements and variations should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric spindle air sealing structure, characterized by: include: A front end flange (5), wherein a second channel (8) is provided on the front end flange (5), an airtight ring (9) is provided on the front end flange (5), a plurality of fifth channels (19) and a plurality of sixth channels (21) are provided on the airtight ring (9), the fifth channels (19) are arranged along the axial direction of the airtight ring (9), and the sixth channels (21) are arranged along the radial direction of the airtight ring (9), a front end cover (13) is provided on the front end flange (5), a first gap is provided between the front end cover (13) and the airtight ring (9), the airtight ring (9) is sleeved on the front end nut (2) of the electric spindle, and the airtight ring (9) and the front end flange (5) form a third channel (18), the electric spindle air sealing structure further comprises a rear end pipeline disc (7) and a shaft sleeve (1), and along the axial direction of the electric spindle, the rear end pipeline disc (7), the shaft sleeve (1) and the front end flange (5) are arranged in sequence, and a first channel (17) is provided on the rear end pipeline disc (7), one end of the second channel (8) is connected to the first channel (17), and the other end of the second channel (8) is connected to the third channel (18), and after the gas flows through the second channel (8) and the third channel (18) in sequence, a part of the gas flows to the thread groove (20) of the front end nut (2) through the sixth channel (21), and the remaining gas flows to the first gap through the fifth channel (19).

2. The electric spindle air sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of seventh channels (22) are provided on the front end cover (13), the seventh channels (22) are provided along the front end cover (13), and the seventh channels (22) pass through the front end cover (13), one end of the seventh channel (22) is connected to the fifth channel (19), the other end of the seventh channel (22) is opened on the front end cover (13) away from the air sealing ring (9), and a plug (6) is provided in the seventh channel (22).

3. The electric spindle air sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first channel (17) is opened on the rear end pipe disc (7), and the other end of the first channel (17) passes through the rear end pipe disc (7) and the shaft sleeve (1) in sequence, and is located in the front end flange (5), and is connected to the second channel (8).

4. The electric spindle air sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An eighth channel (23) and a ninth channel (24) are provided on the rear end pipe disc (7), the eighth channel (23) being annular, the ninth channel (24) being arranged along the axial direction of the rear end pipe disc (7), and one end of the ninth channel (24) being opened at an end of the rear end pipe disc (7) facing away from the shaft sleeve (1), one side of the eighth channel (23) being connected to the first channel (17), and the other side of the eighth channel (23) being connected to the ninth channel (24).

5. The electric spindle air sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ninth channel (24) is arranged relative to the first channel (17) and close to the rotation axis of the electric spindle.

6. The electric spindle air sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rear end nut (14) is sleeved inside the rear end pipeline disc (7), a second gap is defined between the rear end nut (14) and the rear end pipeline disc (7), a fourth channel (25) is provided on the rear end pipeline disc (7), one end of the fourth channel (25) is opened on the outer wall of the rear end pipeline disc (7), the other end of the fourth channel (25) is connected to the second gap, and at least part of the gas flowing out of the ninth channel (24) passes through the second gap and then flows out of the fourth channel (25).

7. The electric spindle air sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ninth channel (24) is annular, and extends along the axial direction of the rear end pipeline disc (7), and the eighth channel (23) extends along the radial direction of the rear end pipeline disc (7).

8. The electric spindle air sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are a plurality of the ninth channels (24), and the plurality of the ninth channels (24) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rear end pipeline disc (7). The ninth channels (24) extend along the axial direction of the rear end pipeline disc (7).

9. The electric spindle air sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the circumference of the airtight ring (9), a plurality of the fifth channels (19) are arranged at intervals, and a plurality of the sixth channels (21) are arranged at intervals, and the airtight ring (9) has a first part and a second part, the first part is arranged on the second part, and the outer diameter of the second part is larger than the outer diameter of the first part, along the axial direction of the second part, the fifth channel (19) is arranged on the second part, and along the radial direction of the first part, the sixth channel (21) is arranged on the end surface of the second part facing away from the first part, and the third channel (18) is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the first part, the second part and the front end flange (5).

10. An electric spindle, characterized in that: The electric spindle air sealing structure comprises the electric spindle air sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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