A method and system for monitoring embankment settlement

Abstract

The application provides a method and system for monitoring embankment settlement, comprising the following steps: obtaining an embankment monitoring image through an optical satellite, and then preprocessing the embankment monitoring image; converting the image coordinates after preprocessing into coordinates in a geodetic coordinate system; calculating the three-dimensional displacement of each feature point according to the coordinate changes of the feature points in different period images, and then obtaining the settlement of the embankment; and outputting an alarm prompt information when the monitored settlement exceeds a threshold value. The application can realize high-precision monitoring of embankment settlement, and provides reliable data support for safety evaluation of the embankment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a method and system for monitoring embankment and dam settlement by using an optical satellite. BACKGROUND

[0002] As important water conservancy infrastructure, embankments and dams play a key role in flood control, irrigation, water supply, etc. However, due to changes in geological conditions, water level fluctuations, and aging of the embankment and dam itself, the embankment and dam may experience settlement. If the settlement exceeds a certain limit, it may cause structural damage to the embankment and dam, leakage, and other safety hazards, seriously threatening the safety of life and property in the surrounding area and the normal operation of water conservancy facilities.

[0003] Traditional methods for monitoring embankment and dam settlement mainly rely on ground measurement equipment such as leveling instruments and total stations. These methods have the disadvantages of limited monitoring range, low efficiency, and being greatly affected by terrain and environment. With the development of satellite remote sensing technology, it has become possible to use satellites for large-area and dynamic settlement monitoring. However, some satellite-based monitoring methods still have deficiencies in data processing accuracy, real-time monitoring, and reliability, which cannot meet the needs of high-precision monitoring and timely warning of embankment and dam settlement. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an efficient and accurate method and system for monitoring embankment and dam settlement. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method and system for monitoring embankment and dam settlement, which uses an optical satellite to obtain monitoring images and through a series of data processing and analysis, realizes high-precision monitoring and timely warning of embankment and dam settlement, and provides a reliable basis for the safety management of embankments and dams.

[0005] The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0006] A method for monitoring embankment and dam settlement, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Obtaining embankment and dam monitoring images by an optical satellite, and then preprocessing the embankment and dam monitoring images;

[0008] Converting the image coordinates after preprocessing into coordinates in the geodetic coordinate system;

[0009] According to the coordinate changes of the feature points in the images at different times, calculating the three-dimensional displacement of each feature point, and then obtaining the settlement of the dam;

[0010] When the monitored settlement exceeds a threshold value, outputting an alarm prompt information.

[0011] Further, the preprocessing of the embankment dam monitoring image includes radiation correction, atmospheric correction and image enhancement, wherein the radiation correction adopts a correction algorithm based on a sensor response function, the atmospheric correction uses a look-up table method based on a MODTRAN model, and the image enhancement uses a multi-scale Retinex algorithm combined with histogram equalization.

[0012] Further, the conversion of the preprocessed image coordinates into coordinates in a geodetic coordinate system is specifically as follows:

[0013] The orbit height, orbit inclination, satellite attitude angle provided by the satellite, and a plurality of known geodetic coordinate ground control points pre-set in the dam area are used to convert the preprocessed image coordinates into coordinates in a geodetic coordinate system through a collinearity equation.

[0014] Further, the collinearity equation is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] wherein X s , Y s , Z s are coordinates in a satellite sensor coordinate system, X, Y, Z are converted geodetic coordinates, X0, Y0, Z0 are satellite position coordinates, a i , b i , c i , i = 1, 2, 3, 4 are rotation matrix elements determined by the satellite attitude angle.

[0017] Further, the calculation formula of the settlement amount is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] wherein X t1 , Y t1 , Z t1 and X t2 , Y t2 , Z t2 are geodetic coordinates of the same feature point at different periods.

[0020] Further, the feature point is a point having obvious geometric features or texture features on the embankment dam and being easy to identify and locate in images at different periods, including but not limited to a corner point of a dam edge, a center point of a specific marker, and a marker point artificially set on the dam.

[0021] Further, the threshold value is determined comprehensively according to the design standard of the embankment dam, historical settlement data, geological conditions and relevant water conservancy engineering specifications.

[0022] The application further provides an embankment dam settlement monitoring system, comprising:

[0023] An image acquisition module is configured to acquire the embankment monitoring image through an optical satellite;

[0024] An image preprocessing module is configured to perform radiation correction, atmospheric correction and image enhancement preprocessing on the acquired embankment monitoring image;

[0025] A coordinate conversion module is configured to convert the preprocessed image coordinates into coordinates in a geodetic coordinate system by using the orbit height, orbit inclination and satellite attitude angle provided by the satellite, and a plurality of known geodetic coordinate ground control points pre-set in the embankment area through a collinearity equation;

[0026] A settlement calculation module is configured to calculate the three-dimensional displacement of each feature point according to the coordinate change of the feature point in the images at different periods, and further obtain the settlement of the embankment;

[0027] A warning module is configured to set a settlement threshold, monitor the settlement in real time, and output an alarm prompt information when the monitored settlement exceeds the threshold.

[0028] Further, the warning module is connected with a short message platform, an email server, a professional monitoring platform and an audible and visual alarm device to realize alarm prompt in multiple ways.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0030] Precision monitoring: the present application can realize high-precision monitoring of embankment settlement by fine preprocessing and accurate coordinate conversion of optical satellite images, combined with accurate identification of feature points and settlement calculation.

[0031] Efficiency and real-time performance: the use of optical satellites for monitoring can realize large-area and rapid data acquisition, greatly improving the monitoring efficiency. At the same time, the system can process and analyze data in real time, and once the settlement exceeds the threshold, an alarm prompt information is immediately sent out to ensure that relevant personnel can take timely measures to ensure the safety of the embankment.

[0032] Reliability and comprehensiveness: the present application reasonably determines the settlement threshold by comprehensively considering the design standards of embankment, historical settlement data, geological conditions and relevant water conservancy engineering specifications, etc., improving the reliability of the warning. At the same time, through the monitoring and analysis of a plurality of feature points, the settlement of the embankment can be comprehensively understood, avoiding missing potential safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings generally illustrate various embodiments of the present application and, together with the description given below, serve to describe embodiments of the application. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the different drawings to refer to the same or similar elements. Such embodiments are illustrative rather than restrictive and are exemplary and not intended as exhaustive or exclusive embodiments of the present device or method.

[0034] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for monitoring the settlement of a dike dam, comprising:

[0037] Image acquisition

[0038] Image acquisition: according to the geographical position and monitoring requirements of the dike dam, the observation time and orbit parameters of the satellite are determined to ensure that the satellite can obtain the dike dam monitoring images on time and accurately.

[0039] Image preprocessing

[0040] Radiation correction: using ENVI, the image is radiometrically corrected according to the response function of the sensor. The specific steps include reading the radiation value of the image, looking up the response function parameters of the sensor, adjusting the radiation value according to the response function, and eliminating the radiation error caused by the difference between the sensors and the different light conditions.

[0041] Atmospheric correction: using the look-up table method based on the MODTRAN model for atmospheric correction. First, according to the image acquisition time, place and other information, the parameters of the atmosphere are determined, such as water vapor content, aerosol concentration, etc. Then, the corresponding correction parameters are looked up in the look-up table, and the image is corrected to remove the influence of the atmosphere on the image.

[0042] Image enhancement: using multi-scale Retinex algorithm combined with histogram equalization to enhance the image. Multi-scale Retinex algorithm can enhance the image at different scales, highlighting the detailed features of the image; histogram equalization can adjust the gray distribution of the image and improve the contrast of the image. Through the combination of the two, the distinguishability of the image is further enhanced.

[0043] Obtain the orbital height, orbital inclination, satellite attitude angle and other parameters of the satellite from the satellite operator, and simultaneously set multiple known geodetic coordinate ground control points in the dam area. The ground control points should be evenly distributed and have obvious features, so as to be accurately identified and positioned in the image. The preprocessed image coordinates are converted into coordinates in the geodetic coordinate system through the collinear equation.

[0044]

[0045] Wherein, X s , Y s , Z s are the coordinates in the satellite sensor coordinate system, X, Y, Z are the converted geodetic coordinates, X0, Y0, Z0 are the satellite position coordinates, a i , b i , c i , i=1, 2, 3, 4 are the rotation matrix elements determined by the satellite attitude angle.

[0046] According to the geodetic coordinates of the feature points in different periods, the settlement calculation formula is substituted to calculate,

[0047]

[0048] Wherein, X t1 , Y t1 , Z t1 and X t2 , Y t2 , Z t2 are the geodetic coordinates of the same feature point in different periods.

[0049] The settlement of multiple feature points is counted and analyzed to obtain the overall settlement of the embankment dam.

[0050] According to the design standard of the embankment dam, the historical settlement data, the geological conditions and the related water conservancy engineering specifications, the settlement threshold is comprehensively determined.

[0051] The settlement is monitored in real time, and when the monitored settlement exceeds the threshold, an alarm mechanism is automatically triggered. The short message platform sends a short message warning information to the relevant personnel, the email server sends an email notification, a warning prompt window pops up on the professional monitoring platform, and a sound and light alarm device is triggered at the same time, reminding the relevant personnel to pay attention and handle in time.

[0052] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring settlement of dikes and embankments, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The monitoring images of dikes and embankments are acquired by optical satellites, and then the monitoring images of dikes and embankments are preprocessed. Convert the preprocessed image coordinates to geodetic coordinates. Based on the coordinate changes of feature points in images at different times, the three-dimensional displacement of each feature point is calculated, and the settlement of the dam is then obtained. The feature points are points on the dikes and embankments that have obvious geometric or textural features and are easy to identify and locate in images from different periods, including but not limited to corner points of the dike edge, center points of specific landmarks, and artificially set landmark points on the dike. When the monitored settlement exceeds the threshold, an alarm message is output. The preprocessed image coordinates are converted to geodetic coordinates as follows: Using the orbital altitude, orbital inclination, and satellite attitude angle provided by the satellite, as well as multiple ground control points with known geodetic coordinates pre-set in the dam area, the preprocessed image coordinates are converted into coordinates in the geodetic coordinate system through collinearity equations; The collinear equation is: in, , The coordinates are in the satellite sensor coordinate system. These are the converted geodetic coordinates. These are satellite position coordinates. It is a rotation matrix element determined by the satellite attitude angle; The formula for calculating the settlement is: in, and , These are the geodetic coordinates of the same feature point at different times. The threshold is determined comprehensively based on the design standards of dikes and dams, historical settlement data, geological conditions, and relevant water conservancy engineering specifications.

2. The method for monitoring settlement of dikes and embankments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preprocessing of the monitoring images of the dikes and embankments includes radiometric correction, atmospheric correction, and image enhancement. Radiometric correction uses a correction algorithm based on the sensor response function, atmospheric correction uses a lookup table method based on the MODTRAN model, and image enhancement uses the multi-scale Retinex algorithm combined with histogram equalization.

3. A settlement monitoring system for dikes and embankments, characterized in that, include: The image acquisition module is used to acquire monitoring images of dikes and embankments via optical satellites, and then preprocess the monitoring images of the dikes and embankments. The image preprocessing module is used to convert the coordinates of the preprocessed image into coordinates in the geodetic coordinate system; The coordinate transformation module is used to convert the preprocessed image coordinates into coordinates in the geodetic coordinate system by using the orbital altitude, orbital inclination, and satellite attitude angle provided by the satellite, as well as multiple ground control points with known geodetic coordinates pre-set in the dam area, through collinearity equations. The collinear equation is: in, , The coordinates are in the satellite sensor coordinate system. These are the converted geodetic coordinates. These are satellite position coordinates. It is a rotation matrix element determined by the satellite attitude angle; The settlement calculation module is used to calculate the three-dimensional displacement of each feature point based on the coordinate changes of the feature points in images at different times, and then to obtain the settlement of the embankment. The feature points are points on the embankment that have obvious geometric or textural features and are easy to identify and locate in images at different times, including but not limited to corner points of the embankment edge, center points of specific landmarks, and artificially set landmark points on the embankment. The early warning module is used to set a settlement threshold and monitor the settlement in real time. When the monitored settlement exceeds the threshold, an alarm message is output. The formula for calculating the settlement is: in, and , These are the geodetic coordinates of the same feature point at different times. The threshold is determined comprehensively based on the design standards of dikes and dams, historical settlement data, geological conditions, and relevant water conservancy engineering specifications.

4. The levee and dam settlement monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The early warning module is connected to an SMS platform, an email server, a professional monitoring platform, and an audible and visual alarm device to provide alarm notifications in multiple ways.

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