A continuous measurement device for land surveying

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices, and discloses a continuous measurement device for land surveying and mapping, including a frame mechanism, a vertical mechanism and a measurement mechanism. By setting the vertical mechanism, the measurement mechanism below can always maintain a vertically downward state, so that when the device conducts surveying and mapping on lands with slopes such as alluvial fans, it also maintains a vertical state, thus ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results; during the operation of the device, by driving the hub motor to rotate, the second ring frame is kept in a vertical state, and at the same time, the hollow shaft connected to the hub motor drives the first bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the cam on the transmission shaft to rotate, and then drives the sliding rod to slide up and down. At this time, during the downward movement of the sliding rod, the cone penetration probe is pushed downward until it penetrates the land surface, so as to detect the hardness of the land surface within this range, in order to obtain the probability of geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows occurring in this area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices, and specifically relates to a continuous measurement device for land surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] Land surveying and mapping is an activity that uses surveying and mapping technologies to measure and describe various characteristics of the target land, mainly by measuring the boundaries, topography, and landforms of the land. Publication No. CN114688983A discloses a continuous measurement device for land surveying and mapping, which includes a bottom plate with wheels, a support frame fixed on the bottom plate, an L-shaped vertical plate fixed on the support frame, a rack slidably connected to the horizontal part of the L-shaped vertical plate, a first motor fixed on the vertical part of the L-shaped vertical plate, a gear fixed on the rotating shaft of the first motor, the gear meshed with the rack, a second motor fixed on the rack, a rotating plate fixed on the rotating shaft of the second motor, and a laser measuring head rotatably connected to the end of the rotating plate through a ball head connecting rod. The present invention can perform automatic continuous surveying and mapping within a large range, ensure the perpendicularity of the measuring head to the ground in steep terrain, and additionally, through drilling combined with a fixing device, make the measurement process more stable.

[0003] However, the above technology has the following problems: during measurement, the laser measuring head is driven by the second motor to rotate, resulting in a circular measurement range, and the subsequent measurement areas will overlap with the previous measurement areas, leading to a low overall measurement efficiency; at the same time, by using a ball head connecting rod to connect the laser measuring head, although the laser measuring head can remain vertically downward in a static state, when the second motor drives the laser measuring head to rotate, only by ensuring that the rotation speed of the second motor is slow enough can the laser measuring head also ensure vertical downward movement during motion, which also reduces the measurement efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuous measurement device for land surveying and mapping to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A continuous measurement device for land surveying and mapping, including a frame mechanism, the frame mechanism includes a caster bracket and a support frame, and further includes:

[0006] A vertical mechanism, the vertical mechanism is located above the support frame, and it includes an outer bracket, a first ring frame is fixedly installed inside the outer bracket, a second ring frame is rotatably installed inside the first ring frame, and a hub motor is fixedly connected inside the second ring frame;

[0007] Measuring mechanism, the measuring mechanism includes a housing, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the housing, the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the second ring frame, a transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the housing, symmetric cams are fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, a sliding groove is formed on the side surface of the cam and a sliding column is rotatably installed therein, symmetric support seats are fixedly connected to the inside of the housing, a sliding rod is rotatably installed on the sliding column, the sliding rod is slidably connected to the side surface of the support seat, a measuring rod and a cone penetration probe are slidably connected to the bottom surface of the support seat, the top surface of the cone penetration probe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding rod, a laser head is fixedly connected to the top surface of the measuring rod, a receiving head is fixedly connected to the inside of the support seat, a third spring is elastically connected between the top surface of the measuring rod and the support seat, and a measuring wheel is rotatably installed on the side surface of the measuring rod.

[0008] Preferably, a circuit box is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the housing, and the circuit box is electrically connected to the cone penetration probe, the laser head and the receiving head by wires.

[0009] Preferably, a hollow shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the hub motor, the hollow shaft penetrates through the fixing plate and extends into the housing, and the cable of the hub motor passes through the hollow shaft and is electrically connected to the circuit box.

[0010] Preferably, a first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the hollow shaft, a second bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the bottom side surface of the second ring frame, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the second ring frame by bolts passing through the mounting holes.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of centrally symmetric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the top surface of the support frame, and the telescopic ends of the telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the outer support frame.

[0013] Preferably, a first spring is sleeved outside the telescopic rod, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted against the top surface of the support frame and the bottom surface of the outer support frame.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of caster seats are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the caster bracket, a sliding plate is slidably connected in the caster seat, a second spring is elastically connected between the sliding plate and the inner top surface of the caster seat, a wheel frame is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the sliding plate, and a traveling wheel is installed in the wheel frame.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, the vertical mechanism is provided to enable the measuring mechanism below to always maintain a vertically downward state, so that when the device conducts surveying and mapping on sloping lands such as alluvial fans, it also remains vertical, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results. During the operation of the device, by driving the hub motor to rotate, the second ring frame is kept vertical. At this time, the housing fixed below the second ring frame also remains vertical. Meanwhile, when the hub motor rotates, the hollow shaft connected to the hub motor drives the first bevel gear to rotate. The first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear and the transmission shaft fixedly sleeved at the center of the second bevel gear to rotate through meshing transmission. As the transmission shaft rotates, the cam on the transmission shaft rotates, thereby driving the sliding rod to slide up and down. At this time, during the downward movement of the sliding rod, the cone penetration probe is pushed downward until it penetrates the land surface, so as to detect the hardness of the land surface within this range and obtain the probability of geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows occurring in this area.

[0017] 2. Secondly, through the provided measuring rod, measuring wheel, laser head, and receiving head, as the device moves on the land surface, when there are undulations or depressions on the land surface, the measuring rod and the measuring wheel will move upward or downward correspondingly, thereby changing the distance between the laser head and the receiving head. As the receiving head transmits the data into the program in the circuit box through the circuit, a topographic map of the area measured by the device is finally obtained, so that a full understanding of the ground surface after the device measurement can be achieved. At the same time, the device can continuously move for measurement without stopping during measurement and will not repeat the measurement of the measured area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the caster seat of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vertical mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is of the present invention Figure 5 enlarged view at A.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Frame mechanism; 11. Caster bracket; 12. Support frame; 13. First spring; 14. Caster seat; 15. Slide plate; 16. Second spring; 17. Wheel frame; 18. Traveling wheel; 2. Vertical mechanism; 21. Outer bracket; 22. First ring bracket; 23. Second ring bracket; 24. Hub motor; 25. Hollow shaft; 26. First bevel gear; 27. Telescopic rod; 28. Mounting hole; 3. Measuring mechanism; 31. Housing; 32. Fixed plate; 33. Transmission shaft; 34. Second bevel gear; 35. Cam; 36. Support seat; 37. Slide column; 38. Slide bar; 39. Measuring rod; 310. Measuring wheel; 311. Cone penetration probe; 312. Laser head; 313. Receiver head; 314. Third spring; 315. Circuit box. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a continuous measurement device for land surveying and mapping, including a frame mechanism 1. The frame mechanism 1 includes a caster bracket 11 and a support frame 12, and further includes:

[0027] A vertical mechanism 2, the vertical mechanism 2 is located above the support frame 12, and includes an outer bracket 21. A first ring bracket 22 is fixedly installed inside the outer bracket 21. A second ring bracket 23 is rotatably installed inside the first ring bracket 22. A hub motor 24 is fixedly connected inside the second ring bracket 23;

[0028] A measuring mechanism 3, the measuring mechanism 3 includes a housing 31. A fixed plate 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 31. The fixed plate 32 is fixedly connected to the second ring bracket 23. A transmission shaft 33 is rotatably installed inside the housing 31. Symmetrical cams 35 are fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 33. A chute is provided on the side surface of the cam 35 and a slide column 37 is rotatably installed therein. Symmetrical support seats 36 are fixedly connected inside the housing 31. A slide bar 38 is rotatably installed on the slide column 37. The slide bar 38 is slidably connected to the side surface of the support seat 36. A measuring rod 39 and a cone penetration probe 311 are slidably connected to the bottom surface of the support seat 36. The top surface of the cone penetration probe 311 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the slide bar 38. A laser head 312 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the measuring rod 39. A receiver head 313 is fixedly connected inside the support seat 36. A third spring 314 is elastically connected between the top surface of the measuring rod 39 and the support seat 36. A measuring wheel 310 is rotatably installed on the side surface of the measuring rod 39.

[0029] In the present invention, the vertical mechanism 2 is provided to enable the lower measuring mechanism 3 to always maintain a vertically downward state, so that when the device conducts surveying and mapping on lands with slopes such as alluvial fans, it also remains vertical, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results; during the operation of the device, by driving the hub motor 24 to rotate, the second ring frame 23 is kept vertical. At this time, the housing 31 fixed below the second ring frame 23 also remains vertical. At the same time, when the hub motor 24 rotates, the hollow shaft 25 connected to the hub motor 24 drives the first bevel gear 26 to rotate. The first bevel gear 26 drives the second bevel gear 34 and the transmission shaft 33 fixedly sleeved in the center of the second bevel gear 34 to rotate through meshing transmission. As the transmission shaft 33 rotates, the cam 35 on the transmission shaft 33 rotates, thereby driving the sliding rod 38 to slide up and down. At this time, during the downward movement of the sliding rod 38, the cone penetration probe 311 is pushed downward until it penetrates the land surface, so as to detect the hardness of the land surface within this range, in order to obtain the probability of geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows occurring in this area.

[0030] Secondly, through the provided measuring rod 39, measuring wheel 310, laser head 312 and receiving head 313, as the device moves on the land surface, when there are undulations or depressions on the land surface, the measuring rod 39 and the measuring wheel 310 will move upward or downward correspondingly, thereby changing the distance between the laser head 312 and the receiving head 313. As the receiving head 313 transmits the data into the program in the circuit box 315 through the circuit, finally a topographic map of the area measured by the device is obtained, so that the surface of the land after the device measurement can be fully understood. At the same time, the device can continuously move for measurement without stopping during measurement and without re-measuring the measured area.

[0031] As Figure 5 shown, the inner bottom surface of the housing 31 is fixedly connected with a circuit box 315, and the circuit box 315 is electrically connected to the cone penetration probe 311, the laser head 312 and the receiving head 313.

[0032] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the bottom end of the hub motor 24 is fixedly connected with a hollow shaft 25. The hollow shaft 25 penetrates through the fixing plate 32 and extends into the housing 31. The cable of the hub motor 24 passes through the hollow shaft 25 and is electrically connected to the circuit box 315. A first bevel gear 26 is fixedly sleeved on the hollow shaft 25, and a second bevel gear 34 is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 33. The first bevel gear 26 meshes with the second bevel gear 34.

[0033] When the hub motor 24 rotates to keep the entire vertical mechanism 2 in a vertical state, the rotation of the hub motor 24 drives the first bevel gear 26 fixedly sleeved on the hollow shaft 25 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 26 drives the second bevel gear 34 to rotate. The second bevel gear 34 drives the transmission shaft 33 to rotate, thereby causing the cam 35 to rotate. As the cam 35 rotates, when the sliding column 37 is at the outermost end of the chute on the cam 35, the sliding rod 38 is driven to move downward, thereby pushing the cone penetration probe 311 below downward, so that the cone penetration probe 311 penetrates into the soil below, thereby detecting the hardness of the soil surface. Furthermore, when conducting land surveying in alluvial fan areas, the hardness of the surface soil is detected by using the cone penetration probe 311, thereby preventing the occurrence of geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows.

[0034] As Figure 4 shown, a plurality of mounting holes 28 are formed in the bottom side of the second ring frame 23, and the fixing plate 32 is fixedly connected to the second ring frame 23 through bolts passing through the mounting holes 28.

[0035] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, a plurality of centrally symmetric telescopic rods 27 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the support frame 12. The telescopic ends of the telescopic rods 27 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the outer support frame 21. A first spring 13 is sleeved outside the telescopic rod 27. The two ends of the first spring 13 are respectively abutted against the top surface of the support frame 12 and the bottom surface of the outer support frame 21. A plurality of caster seats 14 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the caster wheel support 11. A sliding plate 15 is slidably connected inside the caster seat 14. A second spring 16 is elastically connected between the sliding plate 15 and the inner top surface of the caster seat 14. A wheel frame 17 is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the sliding plate 15, and a traveling wheel 18 is installed inside the wheel frame 17.

[0036] By providing the second spring 16, during the forward movement of the device, when there is a protrusion such as a stone in front of one traveling wheel 18, the traveling wheel 18 is lifted upward by the protrusion, so that the sliding plate 15 slides upward, so that the traveling wheel 18 passes over the protrusion. At this time, the remaining traveling wheels 18 maintain their original traveling state, thereby preventing the frame mechanism 1 from tilting and causing the device to be unable to continue the measurement.

[0037] Working principle:

[0038] When continuously measuring the land surface of alluvial fan areas using this device, first move the device to the area to be measured, and then drive this device to move together through the traveling device. At the start of the measurement, start the hub motor 24. At this time, under the self-rotation of the hub motor 24, the second ring frame 23 will maintain a vertically downward state. Furthermore, the measuring mechanism 3 connected to the second ring frame 23 will also maintain a vertically downward state. At the same time, the self-weight of the measuring mechanism 3 also makes it difficult for the hub motor 24 and the second ring frame 23 to tilt.

[0039] As the device is driven by the walking device to move together, at this time, driven by the hub motor 24, the first bevel gear 26 below the hub motor 24 drives the second bevel gear 34 meshing with it to rotate, and then drives the transmission shaft 33 to rotate. At this time, the cam 35 rotates together with the transmission shaft. As the cam 35 rotates, the sliding rod 38 will slide up and down under the drive of the sliding column 37. When the sliding rod 38 moves downward, the cone penetration probe 311 below will insert into the soil below, so as to obtain the soil hardness of this area through the pressure when inserting into the soil, so as to evaluate subsequent geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows.

[0040] As the device moves, the measuring wheel 310 also rolls on the land surface. When there is a depression on the land surface, driven by the third spring 314, the measuring rod 39 slides downward, resulting in an increase in the distance between the laser head 312 and the receiving head 313. When there is a protrusion on the land surface, the measuring rod 39 is pushed upward, so that the distance between the laser head 312 and the receiving head 313 decreases. Then, through the record of the receiving head 313, the terrain data of the measured area can be obtained.

[0041] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0042] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A continuous measurement device for land surveying, comprising a frame mechanism (1), wherein the frame mechanism (1) includes a caster bracket (11) and a support frame (12), and is characterized in that, It further includes: A vertical mechanism (2), the vertical mechanism (2) is located above the support frame (12), and it includes an outer support (21). Inside the outer support (21), a first ring frame (22) is fixedly installed. A second ring frame (23) is rotatably installed inside the first ring frame (22), and a hub motor (24) is fixedly connected inside the second ring frame (23); A measuring mechanism (3), the measuring mechanism (3) includes a housing (31). At the top of the housing (31), a fixed plate (32) is fixedly connected. The fixed plate (32) is fixedly connected to the second ring frame (23). A transmission shaft (33) is rotatably installed inside the housing (31). Symmetrical cams (35) are fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (33). A sliding groove is formed on the side surface of the cam (35) and a sliding column (37) is rotatably installed therein. Symmetrical support seats (36) are fixedly connected inside the housing (31). A sliding rod (38) is rotatably installed on the sliding column (37). The sliding rod (38) is slidably connected to the side surface of the support seat (36). A measuring rod (39) and a cone penetration probe (311) are slidably connected to the bottom surface of the support seat (36). The top surface of the cone penetration probe (311) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding rod (38). A laser head (312) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the measuring rod (39). A receiving head (313) is fixedly connected inside the support seat (36). A third spring (314) is elastically connected between the top surface of the measuring rod (39) and the support seat (36). A measuring wheel (310) is rotatably installed on the side surface of the measuring rod (39); The bottom end of the hub motor (24) is fixedly connected to a hollow shaft (25). The hollow shaft (25) penetrates through the fixed plate (32) and extends into the housing (31). A first bevel gear (26) is fixedly sleeved on the hollow shaft (25). A second bevel gear (34) is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (33). The first bevel gear (26) meshes with the second bevel gear (34).

2. The continuous measurement device for land surveying according to claim 1, wherein: A circuit box (315) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the housing (31). The circuit box (315) is electrically connected to the cone penetration probe (311), the laser head (312), and the receiving head (313) by wires.

3. The continuous measurement device for land surveying according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cable of the hub motor (24) passes through the hollow shaft (25) and is electrically connected to the circuit box (315).

4. A continuous measurement device for land surveying according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of mounting holes (28) are formed on the bottom side surface of the second ring frame (23). The fixed plate (32) is fixedly connected to the second ring frame (23) by bolts passing through the mounting holes (28).

5. A continuous measurement device for land surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of centrally symmetric telescopic rods (27) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the support frame (12). The telescopic ends of the telescopic rods (27) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the outer support (21).

6. The continuous measurement device for land surveying according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first spring (13) is sleeved outside the telescopic rod (27). The two ends of the first spring (13) are respectively abutted against the top surface of the support frame (12) and the bottom surface of the outer support (21).

7. A continuous measurement device for land surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of caster seats (14) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the caster bracket (11). A sliding plate (15) is slidably connected within the caster seat (14). A second spring (16) is elastically connected between the sliding plate (15) and the inner top surface of the caster seat (14). A wheel bracket (17) is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the sliding plate (15), and a traveling wheel (18) is installed within the wheel bracket (17).

Images