Distributed optical fiber sensing cable channel fault positioning method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed optical fiber sensing cable channel fault positioning method and system, and relates to the related field of cable fault measurement, and the method comprises the steps: analyzing the environment temperature, the environment humidity, the magnetic field intensity and the environment light intensity according to a detection adaptation degree function, and analyzing the adaptation degree evaluation value of a detection light pulse parameter; when the adaptation degree evaluation value is smaller than or equal to an adaptation degree threshold value, optimizing the probe light pulse parameters according to a probe adaptation degree function based on the environment temperature, the environment humidity, the magnetic field intensity and the environment light intensity, obtaining probe light recommended pulse parameters, and controlling a probe light emitter to emit probe light to an optical fiber sensor, and receiving feedback information of the optical fiber sensor, performing signal classification processing, obtaining a fault signal generation position, adding a cable channel fault positioning result, and sending the result to a cable management terminal. The technical problem that a traditional cable channel depends on manual inspection and simple testing equipment is solved, and the technical effects of real-time monitoring and accurate positioning of cable channel faults are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field related to cable fault measurement, and in particular to a cable channel fault location method and system using distributed optical fiber sensing. Background Art

[0002] In key industries such as electricity and communications, cable channels play an important role in transmitting power and information. However, cable channels are susceptible to multiple factors such as environmental factors, construction quality, and material aging, which leads to frequent failures. Traditional cable channel fault location methods mainly rely on manual inspections and simple testing equipment, but these methods have the defects of low positioning accuracy, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and inability to monitor in real time. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application solves the technical problem that traditional cable channels rely on manual inspections and simple testing equipment by providing a cable channel fault location method and system using distributed optical fiber sensing, thereby achieving the technical effect of real-time monitoring and precise location of cable channel faults.

[0004] The present application provides a cable channel fault location method using distributed optical fiber sensing. The method is applied to a cable channel fault location system using distributed optical fiber sensing. The system is embedded in a service layer. The service layer is in communication with a detection light transmitter, an optical fiber sensor, and an environmental sensor. The optical fiber sensor is arranged along a cable laying path at a preset interval, including: communicating with the environmental sensor to obtain ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength, and ambient light intensity; obtaining detection light pulse parameters of the detection light transmitter; constructing a detection fitness function; and analyzing the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength, and ambient light intensity according to the detection fitness function. ambient light intensity, and a fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameters; when the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to a fitness threshold, based on the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized according to the detection fitness function to obtain recommended detection light pulse parameters; according to the recommended detection light pulse parameters, the detection light transmitter is controlled to emit detection light to the optical fiber sensor, and feedback information from the optical fiber sensor is received; signal classification processing is performed on the feedback information from the optical fiber sensor to obtain a fault signal generation position, and the fault location result is added to the cable channel and sent to the cable management terminal.

[0005] In a possible implementation, a detection fitness function is constructed, and the following processing is performed: taking the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength, and the ambient light intensity as environmental constraints, and taking the detection light pulse parameters as detection light constraints, collecting optical fiber sensing detection records, wherein the optical fiber sensing detection records include detection light pulse record parameters received by the optical fiber sensor, cable fault record positioning results, and cable fault actual positioning results, and the cable fault actual positioning results are obtained by measuring with a dedicated instrument; constructing a detection fitness function based on the detection light pulse record parameters received by the optical fiber sensor, the cable fault record positioning results, and the cable fault actual positioning results: , in, Respectively characterize the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength, ambient light intensity, the pulse width of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the pulse frequency of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the optical power of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter and the cable fault recording and positioning results, The pulse width that characterizes the detection light pulse parameters, The pulse frequency characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, Characterize the actual location results of cable faults, The optical power that characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, , , and The pulse width weight, pulse frequency weight, optical power weight and fault location weight are characterized respectively.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity are analyzed according to the detection fitness function, and the fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameters is performed, and the following processing is performed: taking the detection light transmitter model and the optical fiber sensor model as constraints, collecting ambient temperature recording data, ambient humidity recording data, magnetic field strength recording data, ambient light intensity recording data, and detection light pulse recording parameters; according to the detection fitness function, analyzing the ambient temperature recording data, the ambient humidity recording data, the magnetic field strength recording data, the ambient light intensity recording data, and the detection light pulse recording parameters. Initial fitness evaluation data; applying an allowable fault-tolerant disturbance to the initial fitness evaluation data to obtain fitness identification data; constructing decision constraints based on the detection fitness function; taking the fitness identification data as supervision, taking the ambient temperature recording data, the ambient humidity recording data, the magnetic field strength recording data, the ambient light intensity recording data, and the detection light pulse recording parameters as input, and training a fitness evaluation unit based on the decision constraints; analyzing the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity according to the fitness evaluation unit, and the fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameters.

[0007] In a possible implementation, when the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to the fitness threshold, based on the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized according to the detection fitness function to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters, and the following processing is performed: obtaining the layout distance information between the optical fiber sensor and the detection light transmitter; based on the layout distance information, configuring the pulse width constraint interval, the pulse frequency constraint interval and the optical power constraint interval to construct a pulse parameter optimization space; obtaining a pulse parameter history configuration database, wherein the pulse parameter history configuration database includes a detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set, and any detection light pulse parameter quaternary array includes pulse width, pulse frequency, optical power and fitness; according to the pulse width, the pulse frequency and the optical power, selecting an initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set that meets the pulse parameter optimization space from the detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set; according to the fitness, optimizing the detection light pulse parameters based on the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters.

[0008] In a possible implementation, according to the degree of adaptation, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized based on the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters, and the following processing is performed: when the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set has a quaternary array greater than the degree of adaptation threshold, the recommended detection light pulse parameters are output; when the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set does not have a quaternary array greater than the degree of adaptation threshold, the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set is distributed in the pulse parameter optimization space based on the pulse width, the pulse frequency, and the optical power. to obtain an initial distribution position set; according to a distribution distance threshold, perform aggregation analysis on the initial distribution position set to obtain multi-cluster distribution positions; traverse the multi-cluster distribution positions to extract the maximum value of fitness and obtain multiple initial position sorting results; based on the multiple initial position sorting results, perform iterative expansion in combination with the detection fitness function to obtain a distribution position expansion result, wherein the distribution position expansion result has an expansion position fitness evaluation value; when the expansion position fitness evaluation value is greater than the fitness threshold, set the detection light pulse parameter corresponding to the distribution position expansion result to the detection light recommended pulse parameter.

[0009] In a possible implementation, based on the multiple initial position sorting results, iterative expansion is performed in combination with the detection fitness function to obtain a distribution position expansion result, and the following processing is performed: sort the multiple initial position sorting results from large to small according to the fitness to obtain an initial position sorting result; screen the first number of head sequence number initial positions, connect the first number of head sequence number initial positions, and obtain a head sequence number distribution network; screen the second number of tail sequence number initial positions, connect the second number of tail sequence number initial positions, and obtain a tail sequence number distribution network; take any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target, take any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, search a preset number of times according to a preset search step, and obtain the distribution position expansion result.

[0010] In a possible implementation, taking any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target, taking any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, searching a preset number of times according to a preset search step length, obtaining the distribution position expansion result, and performing the following processing: taking any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target, taking any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, searching according to a preset search step length, obtaining a search direction and a search position; analyzing the fitness of the search position according to the detection fitness function; when the fitness of the search position is less than the fitness of the search starting point, returning to the search starting point, updating the search direction and searching again; when the fitness of the search position is greater than or equal to the fitness of the search starting point, iteratively searching based on the search direction and the search position.

[0011] The present application also provides a cable channel fault location system of distributed optical fiber sensing, including: a communication module, used to communicate with an environmental sensor to obtain ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity; a detection module, used to obtain detection light pulse parameters of a detection light transmitter; a construction module, used to construct a detection fitness function; an evaluation module, used to analyze the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity according to the detection fitness function, and a fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameters; an optimization module, used to optimize the detection light pulse parameters according to the detection fitness function based on the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity when the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to a fitness threshold, and obtain recommended detection light pulse parameters; a control module, used to control the detection light transmitter to emit detection light to the optical fiber sensor according to the recommended detection light pulse parameters, and receive feedback information from the optical fiber sensor; a classification module, used to perform signal classification processing on the feedback information of the optical fiber sensor, obtain the fault signal generation position, add it into the cable channel fault location result and send it to the cable management terminal.

[0012] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The distributed optical fiber sensing cable channel fault location method and system provided in the present application relate to the field of cable fault measurement technology, solve the technical problem that traditional cable channels rely on manual inspections and simple testing equipment, and achieve the technical effect of real-time monitoring and precise location of cable channel faults. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the accompanying drawings of the embodiment of the present application will be briefly introduced below. A flow chart is used in the present application to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed accurately in order. On the contrary, various steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously as needed. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or a certain step or several steps of operations can be removed from these processes.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a cable channel fault location method using distributed optical fiber sensing provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cable channel fault location system using distributed optical fiber sensing provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below.

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] In the following description, reference is made to "some embodiments", which describe a subset of all possible embodiments, but it is understood that "some embodiments" may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and may be combined with each other without conflict, and the terms "first\second" involved are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product, or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by technicians in the technical field of this application. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application only.

[0018] The present application provides a method for locating cable channel faults using distributed optical fiber sensing. The method is applied to a cable channel fault locating system using distributed optical fiber sensing. The system is embedded in a service layer. The service layer is in communication with a detection light transmitter, an optical fiber sensor, and an environmental sensor. The optical fiber sensor is arranged along a cable laying path at a preset interval. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Step A100, communicating with the environmental sensor to obtain the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity; When the system starts, it initializes communication with the environmental sensor module, including hardware connection detection and communication protocol verification. At the same time, according to the type of environmental sensor, corresponding communication protocols such as UART, SPI, I2C, MODBUS, etc. are loaded to ensure that the sensor can communicate normally, and the sampling frequency of the sensor is set according to system requirements. For example, when the environmental parameters change drastically, the sampling frequency can be increased; when the changes are slow, the frequency is appropriately reduced to save resources, and further data request instructions are sent to the environmental sensor, and the data frame returned by the sensor is received at the same time, the frame header, data content and verification code are parsed, and valid data is extracted. The valid data may include ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field intensity and ambient light intensity. The ambient temperature is the temperature value parsed from the data returned by the environmental sensor, the ambient humidity is the relative humidity value extracted from the data frame, the magnetic field intensity is the read three-axis magnetic field data, and the ambient light intensity is the intensity of the light radiated by the light source in the environment. Finally, the collected environmental data is stored in the local cache and arranged in chronological order, providing reliable environmental information support for subsequent detection fitness analysis and optical pulse parameter optimization.

[0019] Execute step A200 to obtain detection light pulse parameters of the detection light transmitter; In the system startup phase, communication initialization is performed with the detection light transmitter, which may include communication interface detection and protocol verification, etc., and then the corresponding communication protocol is loaded according to the communication interface of the detection light transmitter, and instructions are sent to the detection light transmitter to obtain its current detection light pulse parameters, which refers to constructing a data request frame, wherein the data request frame includes a frame header, i.e., identifying the device type and the request type, a command code, i.e., indicating the parameters to be queried, and a verification code to ensure data integrity, sending the request frame to the detection light transmitter, and waiting for the transmitter to feedback a response data frame, and receiving the data frame returned by the detection light transmitter, which may include pulse frequency, pulse width, optical power, and optical wavelength. Finally, according to system requirements, query instructions are sent to the detection light transmitter regularly to obtain the latest detection light pulse parameters, and the update frequency is set (e.g., once per second or the frequency is adjusted according to environmental changes) to ensure the real-time nature of the parameters, so as to efficiently and accurately obtain the detection light pulse parameters of the detection light transmitter, and provide necessary technical support for subsequent fitness calculation and detection light optimization.

[0020] Execute step A300 to construct a detection fitness function; in a possible implementation, step A300 further includes step A310, taking the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity as environmental constraints, taking the detection light pulse parameters as detection light constraints, collecting optical fiber sensing detection records, wherein the optical fiber sensing detection records include optical fiber sensor receiving detection light pulse record parameters, cable fault record positioning results and cable fault actual positioning results, and the cable fault actual positioning results are obtained by measuring with a dedicated instrument; execute step A320, constructing a detection fitness function according to the optical fiber sensor receiving detection light pulse record parameters, the cable fault record positioning results and the cable fault actual positioning results: , in, Respectively characterize the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength, ambient light intensity, the pulse width of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the pulse frequency of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the optical power of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter and the cable fault recording and positioning results, The pulse width that characterizes the detection light pulse parameters, The pulse frequency characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, Characterize the actual location results of cable faults, The optical power that characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, , , and The pulse width weight, pulse frequency weight, optical power weight and fault location weight are characterized respectively.

[0021] First, the environmental temperature, environmental humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity are continuously collected through environmental sensors. At the same time, the timestamp of the environmental data recorded by the environmental sensors is synchronized with the detection light pulse record and the fault location record. The critical values ​​of the environmental temperature, environmental humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity are used as environmental constraints. Furthermore, real-time detection light pulse parameters are obtained from the detection light transmitter, which may include pulse frequency, pulse width, optical power, optical wavelength, etc., and the changing trend of the detection light pulse parameters is recorded. The synchronization time point with the environmental constraints is marked to determine whether the detection light parameters are within the recommended range of the equipment and set them as detection light constraints. Then, the optical fiber sensing detection record is collected, which means controlling the detection light transmitter to transmit detection light to the optical fiber sensor according to the constraint conditions and recording the feedback parameters of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse. The feedback The parameters include reflection intensity, i.e., the reflection signal intensity of the detection light in the optical fiber, optical loss, i.e., the attenuation value of the optical signal during propagation, signal delay, i.e., the return time of the detection light pulse, etc., and the location data of the cable fault is extracted, which may include the fault record location result, i.e., the fault position obtained by analyzing the optical fiber feedback signal, and the actual location result, which is measured by using a professional cable fault location instrument, i.e., a cable fault locator. The cable fault locator further determines the precise location of the cable fault point after the cable fault tester host determines the approximate location of the cable fault point, and analyzes the cable laying data, fault type and on-site conditions at the same time, so as to accurately determine the location of the fault point, which may be the actual location of the fault obtained by on-site verification or other positioning means, and compares the recorded location result with the actual location result, marking the positioning deviation.

[0022] Further, according to the recording parameters of the detection light pulse received by the optical fiber sensor, the recorded positioning result of the cable fault and the actual positioning result of the cable fault, a detection fitness function is constructed: , in, Respectively characterize the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength, ambient light intensity, the pulse width of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the pulse frequency of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the optical power of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter and the cable fault recording and positioning results, The pulse width that characterizes the detection light pulse parameters, The pulse frequency characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, Characterize the actual location results of cable faults, The optical power that characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, , , and The pulse width weight, pulse frequency weight, optical power weight and fault location weight are characterized respectively.

[0023] The above detection fitness function is used to evaluate the matching degree between the detection light parameters and the environmental constraints, as well as the effectiveness of the detection light pulse for fault location. The weight coefficients are determined by using historical detection data as training samples, including multiple sets of environmental parameters, detection light parameters, and positioning results, and using regression analysis or machine learning algorithms (such as linear regression and support vector machines). , , and The optimal value of the fitness function is finally verified through simulation or experiment to ensure that it can accurately evaluate the matching of detection conditions. The environmental parameters, detection light parameters and positioning data collected in real time are substituted into the detection fitness function, the current fitness value is calculated, and the detection light pulse parameters are optimized according to the fitness value to improve the positioning accuracy. The detection fitness function can comprehensively consider the environmental conditions, detection light parameters and positioning results, provide a comprehensive evaluation of the detection conditions, and provide high-precision support for cable fault location.

[0024] Execute step A400, analyze the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity according to the detection fitness function, and the fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameters; in a possible implementation, step A400 further includes step A410, collecting ambient temperature recording data, ambient humidity recording data, magnetic field strength recording data, ambient light intensity recording data, and detection light pulse recording parameters with the detection light transmitter model and the optical fiber sensor model as constraints; execute step A420, analyze the ambient temperature recording data, ambient humidity recording data, magnetic field strength recording data, ambient light intensity recording data, and the initial value of the detection light pulse recording parameters according to the detection fitness function. fitness evaluation data; executing step A430, applying an allowable fault-tolerant disturbance to the initial fitness evaluation data to obtain fitness identification data; executing step A440, constructing a decision constraint based on the detection fitness function; executing step A450, taking the fitness identification data as supervision, taking the ambient temperature recording data, the ambient humidity recording data, the magnetic field strength recording data, the ambient light intensity recording data, and the detection light pulse recording parameters as input, and training a fitness evaluation unit based on the decision constraint; executing step A460, analyzing the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity according to the fitness evaluation unit, and the fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameters.

[0025] According to the parameter constraints of the detection light transmitter model and the optical fiber sensor model, the collection frequency and range of environmental data and detection light pulse data are determined. The environmental sensor is used to obtain recorded data such as ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength, and ambient light intensity, and the detection light pulse parameters, including pulse frequency, pulse width, power, and wavelength, are recorded in real time through the detection light transmitter. The collected environmental recorded data and detection light pulse parameters are substituted into the detection fitness function to calculate the initial fitness evaluation value. The fitness function comprehensively considers the impact of environmental parameters on the detection light performance and the matching degree between the detection light pulse parameters and the optical fiber feedback signal to generate initial evaluation data.

[0026] Apply allowable fault-tolerant disturbances to the initial fitness evaluation data, that is, control the dynamics of the fitness through the fault-tolerant range to avoid oversensitivity or undersensitivity of the evaluation results. The range of disturbances is determined by the accuracy requirements set by the system and the environmental fluctuation characteristics. It means adding random noise or adjustment factors within a reasonable range to the initial data to generate fitness identification data. Based on the detection fitness function, decision constraints are established to define the objective function and constraints of the evaluation unit, such as maximizing the fitness value, minimizing the interference of environmental parameters on the detection light pulse, and constraining the detection efficiency under specific environments. Decision constraints provide optimization targets for subsequent model training.

[0027] Furthermore, the fitness identification data is used as a supervisory signal, and the ambient temperature record data, ambient humidity record data, magnetic field intensity record data, ambient light intensity record data, and detection light pulse record parameters are used as inputs, and a supervised learning method is used to train the fitness evaluation unit. The training process optimizes the model parameters so that the evaluation unit can accurately predict the fitness value under given input conditions. The algorithms used may include linear regression, support vector machine, or neural network, etc.

[0028] Finally, the trained fitness evaluation unit is applied to real-time data analysis. The construction and training of the fitness evaluation unit can realize a comprehensive evaluation of the detection conditions, improve the dynamic adaptability and detection accuracy of the system, and then calculate the fitness evaluation value of the ambient temperature, humidity, magnetic field strength and light intensity with the detection light parameters based on the real-time collected environmental parameters and detection light pulse parameters. The fitness evaluation unit can combine historical data and real-time data to provide accurate fitness values ​​to assist in the optimization of detection light parameters and fault location.

[0029] Execute step A500, when the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to the fitness threshold, based on the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity, optimize the detection light pulse parameters according to the detection fitness function to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters; in a possible implementation, step A500 further includes step A510, obtaining the layout distance information between the optical fiber sensor and the detection light transmitter; execute step A520, based on the layout distance information, configure the pulse width constraint interval, the pulse frequency constraint interval and the optical power constraint interval to construct the pulse parameter optimization space; execute step A530, obtain a pulse parameter history configuration database, wherein the pulse parameter history configuration database includes a detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set, and any detection light pulse parameter quaternary array includes pulse width, pulse frequency, optical power and fitness; execute step A540, according to the pulse width, the pulse frequency, and the optical power, select an initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set that meets the pulse parameter optimization space from the detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set; When the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to the fitness threshold, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized according to the detection fitness function based on the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity, which means first using the layout planning diagram or the built-in ranging function of the sensor to obtain the actual layout distance between the optical fiber sensor and the detection light transmitter, and ensure that the distance data is accurate to the meter level or higher, and mark the measurement time, by comparing the measured layout distance with the preset distance range, eliminating obviously abnormal data, recording the valid distance data, and binding it with the sensor number and the transmitter number, so as to obtain the layout distance information between the optical fiber sensor and the detection light transmitter.

[0030] Further, according to the deployment distance information, the pulse parameter optimization space is constructed for the pulse width constraint interval, the pulse frequency constraint interval and the optical power constraint interval respectively. Based on short-distance deployment (several hundred meters to one thousand meters), the pulse width is set to 10 nanoseconds to 50 nanoseconds, the repetition frequency is set to 1000 times / second to 5000 times / second, and the optical power is -10 dBm to 0 dBm; based on medium-distance deployment (one thousand meters to several kilometers), the pulse width is set to 50 nanoseconds to 200 nanoseconds, the repetition frequency is set to 500 times / second to 1000 times / second, and the optical power is set to 0 dBm to 5 dBm; based on long-distance deployment (several kilometers to more than ten kilometers), the pulse width is set to 100 nanoseconds to 1 microsecond, the repetition frequency is set to 100 times / second to 500 times / second, and the optical power is set to 5 dBm to 10 dBm.

[0031] Furthermore, a pulse parameter history configuration database is obtained according to the historical data structure, wherein the pulse parameter history configuration database includes a detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set, the detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set may include pulse width, pulse frequency, optical power, and adaptability, and any detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set includes pulse width, pulse frequency, optical power, and adaptability, and at the same time, according to the pulse width, the pulse frequency, and the optical power, an initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set that satisfies the pulse parameter optimization space is screened from the detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set, which means that a parameter set that satisfies the optimization space constraints is screened from the historical configuration data, and an expected adaptability threshold is set, the screened parameter set is sorted according to the expected adaptability threshold, and parameters with high adaptability are marked as priority candidates, thereby improving the adaptability and accuracy of optical fiber sensing detection.

[0032] Step A550 is executed to optimize the detection light pulse parameters according to the degree of adaptation and based on the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternion array set to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters.

[0033] In a possible implementation, step A550 further includes step A551, when the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternion array set has a quaternion array greater than the fitness threshold, outputting the detection light recommended pulse parameter; executing step A552, when the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternion array set does not have a quaternion array greater than the fitness threshold, distributing the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternion array set in the pulse parameter optimization space based on the pulse width, the pulse frequency, and the optical power to obtain an initial distribution position set; executing step A553, performing aggregation analysis on the initial distribution position set according to the distribution distance threshold to obtain multiple cluster distribution positions; executing step A554, traversing the multiple cluster distribution positions to extract the maximum fitness value to obtain multiple initial position sorting results; Traverse the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set, and check whether the fitness is greater than the expected fitness threshold. When the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set has a quaternary array greater than the fitness threshold, directly output the corresponding detection light pulse parameter as the detection light recommended pulse parameter. The initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set does not have a quaternary array greater than the fitness threshold, then map each quaternary array to the pulse parameter optimization space according to the pulse width, pulse frequency, and optical power to form an initial distribution position set, and check whether the distribution position is located in the effective area of ​​the optimization space, eliminate invalid points, and calculate the Euclidean distance between each position based on the distribution position. The distribution distance threshold is set according to the distribution distance of historical data, and aggregation analysis is performed on the initial distribution position set, which means that data points less than the distribution distance threshold are classified into one category, so as to complete the aggregation of the initial distribution position set, divide the initial distribution position set into multiple clusters, and record the center position of each cluster and the number of distribution points, that is, the multi-cluster distribution position, and finally traverse the multi-cluster distribution position to extract the maximum fitness value, and obtain multiple initial position sorting results, which means traversing the distribution position of each cluster, extracting the corresponding position of the maximum fitness value, and summarizing the position set with the largest fitness in all clusters as the initial position sorting result, thereby improving the detection effect and system robustness of the optical fiber sensor.

[0034] Execute step A555, based on the multiple initial position sorting results, perform iterative expansion in combination with the detection fitness function to obtain a distribution position expansion result, wherein the distribution position expansion result has an expansion position fitness evaluation value; in a possible implementation, step A555 further includes step A5551, sorting the multiple initial position sorting results from large to small according to the fitness to obtain an initial position sorting result; execute step A5552, screen the initial positions of the first number of head sequence numbers, connect the initial positions of the first number of head sequence numbers, and obtain a head sequence number distribution network; execute step A5553, screen the initial positions of the second number of tail sequence numbers, connect the initial positions of the second number of tail sequence numbers, and obtain a tail sequence number distribution network; First, all the initial position sorting results are traversed, and sorted from large to small according to the degree of fitness, and then the sorted initial positions are numbered to form the initial position sorting results, and a first number of positions are screened out according to the preset number of heads, that is, the first number of head number initial positions, and lines are connected between the screened head number positions to build a head distribution network. The connection method can include a fully connected network, that is, establishing a connection between any two points, or a minimum spanning tree based on the position distance. The head number distribution network is a collection of points and lines. Furthermore, similarly, a second number of positions are screened according to the preset number of tails, that is, the second number of tail number initial positions, and lines are connected between the screened tail number positions to build a tail distribution network. The connection method is the same as the head number distribution network, which will not be elaborated here, and the tail number distribution network is a collection of points and lines. Under the guidance of the head and tail number distribution networks, the optimization of the detection light pulse parameters is achieved through extended search, and recommended parameters with high fitness are generated, thereby improving the accuracy and robustness of optical fiber sensing detection.

[0035] Execute step A5554, take any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target, take any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, search a preset number of times according to a preset search step, and obtain the distribution position expansion result.

[0036] In one possible implementation, step A5554 further includes step A55541, taking any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target, taking any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, searching according to a preset search step length, and obtaining a search direction and a search position; executing step A55542, analyzing the search position fitness of the search position according to the detection fitness function; executing step A55543, when the search position fitness is less than the search starting point fitness, returning to the search starting point, updating the search direction and searching again; executing step A55544, when the search position fitness is greater than or equal to the search starting point fitness, iteratively searching based on the search direction and the search position.

[0037] Taking any position on the line of the head number distribution network as the target and any position on the line of the tail number distribution network as the starting point, searching according to a preset search step length means selecting a search target and a starting point, the selected target position is a target point randomly selected from any line of the head number distribution network, the selected starting point position is a starting point randomly selected from any line of the tail number distribution network, the preset search step length can be a fixed step length, and its initial direction can be set by calculating the initial direction vector from the starting point to the target, further, according to the step length and direction, a search position is calculated, and the search position is synchronized to the above-mentioned constructed detection fitness function to calculate a search position fitness, and the search position fitness is compared with the search starting point fitness When the fitness of the search position is less than the fitness of the search starting point, it returns to the search starting point, and adjusts the direction vector to update the search direction according to the new direction offset (random disturbance can be introduced), and searches again. When the fitness of the search position is greater than or equal to the fitness of the search starting point, it takes the search position as the new starting point, iterates the search along the current direction, and updates the starting point. At the same time, it determines whether the current search position is close to the target position. If the conditions are met, the search is terminated and the final position is recorded. If the maximum number of search steps is reached, the search is terminated. At the same time, the position and fitness of each search are recorded, and the highest fitness position in the search path is extracted. The recommended pulse parameters of the highest fitness point in the search path are output to ensure the detection accuracy and reliability of the optical fiber sensing system.

[0038] Execute step A556, when the expansion position fitness evaluation value is greater than the fitness threshold, set the detection light pulse parameter corresponding to the distribution position expansion result as the detection light recommended pulse parameter.

[0039] The fitness of the extended position is evaluated to check whether the fitness of the extended position is greater than the fitness threshold. When the fitness evaluation value of the extended position is greater than the fitness threshold, the extended position and its pulse parameters are recorded. If the fitness evaluation value of the extended position meets the conditions, the corresponding pulse parameters are used as the recommended pulse parameters of the detection light. The recommended pulse parameters of the detection light may include pulse width, pulse frequency, optical power, and recommended fitness. Through distribution aggregation and expansion analysis, the recommended pulse parameters of the detection light that meet the conditions are generated, thereby improving the detection effect and system robustness of the optical fiber sensor.

[0040] Next, step A600 is performed to control the detection light transmitter to transmit detection light to the optical fiber sensor according to the detection light recommended pulse parameter, and receive feedback information from the optical fiber sensor; The recommended pulse parameters of the detection light are generated by the fitness evaluation unit or the optimization algorithm, so as to confirm that the recommended parameters meet the physical limitations of the detection light transmitter and the optical fiber sensor, that is, to determine that the pulse width is within the minimum width and maximum width range supported by the transmitter, the pulse frequency meets the propagation time constraint of the optical fiber signal, and the optical power does not exceed the power output capacity of the device. The recommended parameters can be written into the control module of the detection light transmitter through the communication interface.

[0041] Further start the detection light transmitter, check whether the equipment operation status is normal (such as hardware status, self-test results), and control the detection light transmitter to generate detection light pulses according to the recommended parameters, which may include width control, that is, adjust the pulse modulation module of the laser to make the emission pulse meet the pulse width, frequency control, that is, set the emission frequency to generate periodic pulses, and power control, that is, adjust the laser power through the driver module to ensure that the emission power reaches the optical power.

[0042] Further, the fiber optic sensor captures the returned detection light signal, including direct light and reflected light, and can amplify, filter, demodulate and process the light signal, and then extract feedback information from the processed signal, which may include reflection intensity, delay time, signal change rate, etc. Finally, the feedback signal is transmitted to the upper service layer or analysis system through a communication module (such as RS485 or Ethernet), realizing efficient and precise control of detection light emission and feedback, and providing a guarantee for the high sensitivity and reliability of the fiber optic sensing system.

[0043] Finally, step A700 is executed to perform signal classification processing on the feedback information of the optical fiber sensor, obtain the fault signal generation position, add it into the cable channel fault location result and send it to the cable management terminal.

[0044] Based on the reflection intensity, signal delay, frequency offset, noise level and other data contained in the optical fiber sensor feedback information, feature analysis is performed to obtain the characteristics of the feedback signal, and the optical fiber sensor feedback information is divided into normal signals, that is, the signal strength and delay time are within the preset range, and fault signals, that is, the signal strength is significantly reduced, or the delay time is abnormal. It can be a rule-based classification, and the signal classification is performed by setting the threshold range of delay time and signal strength. If the optical fiber sensor feedback information exceeds the set threshold range, it is marked as a fault signal. It can also be a machine learning-based classification, and the feedback signal is classified according to the characteristics of the feedback signal by using a classification model such as a support vector machine SVM, a random forest or a deep learning model to determine the normal signal or the fault signal. The fault location is further calculated according to the delay time of the fault signal, and the calculation result is error corrected. It can include using the average value of multiple measurements to improve the positioning accuracy, or comparing historical records to exclude sudden error points. Finally, the fault signal generation location and related information are formatted as a cable channel fault positioning result, which can include timestamps, fault locations, fault types, signal characteristics, etc. The fault positioning results are stored in a local database for subsequent analysis and tracing.

[0045] Further, the communication protocol suitable for the cable management terminal is used to transmit the data of the fault signal generation location. According to the terminal interface requirements, the fault location results are packaged and sent to the management terminal. At the same time, the management terminal displays the fault location in a visual manner (such as two-dimensional or three-dimensional graphical representation), displays the fault type and related signal characteristics, and generates maintenance plans and instructions based on the positioning results, notifies relevant personnel to carry out repairs, collects terminal feedback information, and combines subsequent signal analysis results to optimize the classification algorithm and positioning accuracy, providing comprehensive technical support for cable fault detection and maintenance.

[0046] The embodiments of the present application solve the technical problem that traditional cable channels rely on manual inspections and simple testing equipment, and achieve the technical effect of real-time monitoring and precise positioning of cable channel faults.

[0047] In the above, refer to Figure 1 The cable channel fault location method based on distributed optical fiber sensing according to the embodiment of the present application is described in detail. Figure 2 A cable channel fault location system based on distributed optical fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the present application is described.

[0048] The cable channel fault location system of the distributed optical fiber sensing according to the embodiment of the present application is used to solve the technical problem that the traditional cable channel relies on manual inspection and simple test equipment, and achieve the technical effect of real-time monitoring and precise location of cable channel faults. The cable channel fault location system of the distributed optical fiber sensing includes: a communication module 10, a detection module 20, a construction module 30, an evaluation module 40, an optimization module 50, a control module 60, and a classification module 70.

[0049] The communication module 10 is used to communicate with the environmental sensor to obtain the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity; The detection module 20 is used to obtain the detection light pulse parameters of the detection light transmitter; A construction module 30 is used to construct a detection fitness function; An evaluation module 40, configured to analyze the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity, the magnetic field strength and the environmental light intensity according to the detection fitness function, and the fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameter; An optimization module 50 is used to optimize the detection light pulse parameters according to the detection fitness function based on the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters when the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to the fitness threshold; A control module 60, configured to control the detection light transmitter to transmit detection light to the optical fiber sensor according to the detection light recommended pulse parameter, and receive feedback information from the optical fiber sensor; The classification module 70 is used to perform signal classification processing on the feedback information of the optical fiber sensor, obtain the fault signal generation position, add it into the cable channel fault location result and send it to the cable management terminal.

[0050] The specific configuration of the construction module 30 will be described in detail below. As described above, the detection fitness function is constructed, and the construction module 30 may further include: taking the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity as environmental constraints, taking the detection light pulse parameters as detection light constraints, collecting optical fiber sensing detection records, wherein the optical fiber sensing detection records include optical fiber sensor receiving detection light pulse record parameters, cable fault record positioning results and cable fault actual positioning results, and the cable fault actual positioning results are obtained by measuring with a dedicated instrument; constructing a detection fitness function according to the optical fiber sensor receiving detection light pulse record parameters, the cable fault record positioning results and the cable fault actual positioning results: , in, Respectively characterize the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength, ambient light intensity, the pulse width of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the pulse frequency of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the optical power of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter and the cable fault recording and positioning results, The pulse width that characterizes the detection light pulse parameters, The pulse frequency characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, Characterize the actual location results of cable faults, The optical power that characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, , , and The pulse width weight, pulse frequency weight, optical power weight and fault location weight are characterized respectively.

[0051] The specific configuration of the evaluation module 40 will be described in detail below. As described above, the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity are analyzed according to the detection fitness function, and the fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameters is obtained. The evaluation module 40 may further include: collecting ambient temperature recording data, ambient humidity recording data, magnetic field strength recording data, ambient light intensity recording data, and detection light pulse recording parameters based on the detection fitness function; analyzing the ambient temperature recording data, ambient humidity recording data, magnetic field strength recording data, ambient light intensity recording data, and detection light pulse recording parameters according to the detection fitness function; The invention relates to a method for training a fitness evaluation unit according to the present invention; applying an allowable fault-tolerant disturbance to the initial fitness evaluation data to obtain fitness identification data; constructing a decision constraint condition based on the detection fitness function; taking the fitness identification data as supervision, taking the ambient temperature recording data, the ambient humidity recording data, the magnetic field intensity recording data, the ambient light intensity recording data, and the detection light pulse recording parameters as input, and training a fitness evaluation unit based on the decision constraint condition; and analyzing the fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameters with the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field intensity, and the ambient light intensity according to the fitness evaluation unit.

[0052] Next, the specific configuration of the optimization module 50 will be described in detail. As described above, when the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to the fitness threshold, based on the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized according to the detection fitness function to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters, and the optimization module 50 may further include: obtaining the layout distance information between the optical fiber sensor and the detection light transmitter; configuring the pulse width constraint interval, the pulse frequency constraint interval and the optical power constraint interval based on the layout distance information to construct a pulse parameter optimization space; obtaining a pulse parameter history configuration database, wherein the pulse parameter history configuration database includes a detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set, and any detection light pulse parameter quaternary array includes pulse width, pulse frequency, optical power and fitness; according to the pulse width, the pulse frequency and the optical power, selecting an initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set that meets the pulse parameter optimization space from the detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set; according to the fitness, optimizing the detection light pulse parameters based on the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters.

[0053] The specific configuration of the optimization module 50 will be described in detail below. As described above, according to the fitness, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized based on the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters. The optimization module 50 may further include: when the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set has a quaternary array greater than the fitness threshold, outputting the detection light recommended pulse parameters; when the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set does not have a quaternary array greater than the fitness threshold, distributing the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set to the pulse parameter optimization parameters based on the pulse width, the pulse frequency, and the optical power. ization space to obtain an initial distribution position set; according to a distribution distance threshold, perform aggregation analysis on the initial distribution position set to obtain multi-cluster distribution positions; traverse the multi-cluster distribution positions to extract the maximum value of the fitness degree to obtain a plurality of initial position sorting results; based on the plurality of initial position sorting results, perform iterative expansion in combination with the detection fitness degree function to obtain a distribution position expansion result, wherein the distribution position expansion result has an expansion position fitness degree evaluation value; when the expansion position fitness degree evaluation value is greater than the fitness degree threshold, set the detection light pulse parameter corresponding to the distribution position expansion result to the detection light recommended pulse parameter.

[0054] The specific configuration of the optimization module 50 will be described in detail below. As described above, based on the multiple initial position sorting results, combined with the detection fitness function, iterative expansion is performed to obtain the distribution position expansion result, and the optimization module 50 may further include: sorting the multiple initial position sorting results from large to small according to the fitness, to obtain the initial position sorting result; screening the first number of head sequence number initial positions, connecting the first number of head sequence number initial positions, to obtain the head sequence number distribution network; screening the second number of tail sequence number initial positions, connecting the second number of tail sequence number initial positions, to obtain the tail sequence number distribution network; taking any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target, taking any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, searching a preset number of times according to a preset search step length, to obtain the distribution position expansion result.

[0055] The specific configuration of the optimization module 50 will be described in detail below. As described above, taking any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target, taking any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, searching a preset number of times according to a preset search step length, and obtaining the distribution position expansion result, the optimization module 50 may further include: taking any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target, taking any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, searching according to a preset search step length, and obtaining a search direction and a search position; analyzing the fitness of the search position according to the detection fitness function; when the fitness of the search position is less than the fitness of the search starting point, returning to the search starting point, updating the search direction and searching again; when the fitness of the search position is greater than or equal to the fitness of the search starting point, iterating the search based on the search direction and the search position.

[0056] The distributed optical fiber sensing cable channel fault location system provided in the embodiments of the present application can execute the distributed optical fiber sensing cable channel fault location method provided in any embodiment of the present application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0057] Although the present application makes various references to certain modules in the system according to the embodiments of the present application, any number of different modules may be used and run on the user terminal and / or server, and the various units and modules included are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0058] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A cable channel fault location method based on distributed optical fiber sensing, characterized in that: A cable channel fault location system for distributed optical fiber sensing, wherein the system is embedded in a service layer, the service layer is in communication with a detection light transmitter, an optical fiber sensor, and an environmental sensor, and the optical fiber sensor is arranged along a cable laying path at a preset interval, comprising: Communicate with environmental sensors to obtain ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity; Obtaining detection light pulse parameters of the detection light transmitter; Construct detection fitness function; Analyzing the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity according to the detection fitness function, and the fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameters; When the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to the fitness threshold, based on the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized according to the detection fitness function to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters; Controlling the detection light transmitter to transmit detection light to the optical fiber sensor according to the detection light recommended pulse parameter, and receiving feedback information from the optical fiber sensor; Signal classification processing is performed on the feedback information of the optical fiber sensor to obtain the fault signal generation position, add it into the cable channel fault location result and send it to the cable management terminal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Construct a detection fitness function, including: Taking the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity as environmental constraints, and taking the detection light pulse parameters as detection light constraints, collecting optical fiber sensing detection records, wherein the optical fiber sensing detection records include optical fiber sensor receiving detection light pulse record parameters, cable fault record positioning results and cable fault actual positioning results, and the cable fault actual positioning results are obtained by measuring with a dedicated instrument; According to the recording parameters of the detection light pulse received by the optical fiber sensor, the recorded positioning result of the cable fault and the actual positioning result of the cable fault, a detection fitness function is constructed: , in, Respectively characterize the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength, ambient light intensity, the pulse width of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the pulse frequency of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter, the optical power of the optical fiber sensor receiving the detection light pulse recording parameter and the cable fault recording and positioning results, The pulse width that characterizes the detection light pulse parameters, The pulse frequency characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, Characterize the actual location results of cable faults, The optical power that characterizes the parameters of the probe light pulse, , , and The pulse width weight, pulse frequency weight, optical power weight and fault location weight are characterized respectively.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Analyzing the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength, and the ambient light intensity according to the detection fitness function, and evaluating the fitness of the detection light pulse parameters, including: With the detection light transmitter model and the optical fiber sensor model as constraints, collect environmental temperature recording data, environmental humidity recording data, magnetic field intensity recording data, environmental light intensity recording data, and detection light pulse recording parameters; Analyzing the ambient temperature recording data, the ambient humidity recording data, the magnetic field intensity recording data, the ambient light intensity recording data, and the initial fitness evaluation data of the detection light pulse recording parameters according to the detection fitness function; Applying an allowable fault-tolerant disturbance to the initial fitness evaluation data to obtain fitness identification data; Constructing decision constraints based on the detection fitness function; Taking the fitness identification data as supervision, taking the ambient temperature recording data, the ambient humidity recording data, the magnetic field intensity recording data, the ambient light intensity recording data, and the detection light pulse recording parameters as input, and based on the decision constraints, training a fitness evaluation unit; The adaptability evaluation unit analyzes the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity to obtain an adaptability evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameter.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to the fitness threshold, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized according to the detection fitness function based on the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters, including: Obtaining the layout distance information between the optical fiber sensor and the detection light transmitter; Based on the deployment distance information, a pulse width constraint interval, a pulse frequency constraint interval and an optical power constraint interval are configured to construct a pulse parameter optimization space; Obtaining a pulse parameter history configuration database, wherein the pulse parameter history configuration database includes a set of detection light pulse parameter quaternary arrays, and any one of the detection light pulse parameter quaternary arrays includes pulse width, pulse frequency, optical power, and adaptability; According to the pulse width, the pulse frequency, and the optical power, selecting an initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set that satisfies the pulse parameter optimization space from the detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set; According to the adaptability, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized based on the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternion array set to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that According to the adaptability, the detection light pulse parameters are optimized based on the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternion array set to obtain the detection light recommended pulse parameters, including: When the set of the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary arrays has a quaternary array greater than the adaptation threshold, outputting the detection light recommended pulse parameters; When the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set does not have a quaternary array greater than the fitness threshold, distributing the initial detection light pulse parameter quaternary array set in the pulse parameter optimization space based on the pulse width, the pulse frequency, and the optical power to obtain an initial distribution position set; According to the distribution distance threshold, performing aggregation analysis on the initial distribution position set to obtain multiple cluster distribution positions; Traversing the multiple cluster distribution positions to extract the maximum value of the fitness degree, and obtaining multiple initial position sorting results; Based on the multiple initial position sorting results, iterative expansion is performed in combination with the detection fitness function to obtain a distribution position expansion result, wherein the distribution position expansion result has an expansion position fitness evaluation value; When the expanded position fitness evaluation value is greater than the fitness threshold, the detection light pulse parameter corresponding to the distribution position expansion result is set as the detection light recommended pulse parameter.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Based on the multiple initial position sorting results, iterative expansion is performed in combination with the detection fitness function to obtain a distribution position expansion result, including: Sorting the plurality of initial position sorting results from large to small according to the degree of fitness to obtain an initial position sorting result; Filter the initial positions of the first number of head numbers, connect the initial positions of the first number of head numbers, and obtain a head number distribution network; Filter the initial positions of the tail numbers of the second quantity, connect the initial positions of the tail numbers of the second quantity, and obtain a tail number distribution network; Taking any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target and any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, searching a preset number of times according to a preset search step length is performed to obtain the distribution position expansion result.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Taking any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target and any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, searching a preset number of times according to a preset search step length to obtain the distribution position expansion result, including: Taking any online position of the head sequence number distribution network as the target and any online position of the tail sequence number distribution network as the starting point, searching according to a preset search step length to obtain a search direction and a search position; Analyzing the first search position fitness of the first search position according to the detection fitness function; When the fitness of the first search position is less than the fitness of the search starting point, return to the search starting point, update the first search direction and search again; When the adaptation degree of the primary search position is greater than or equal to the adaptation degree of the search starting point, an iterative search is performed based on the primary search direction and the primary search position.

8. A cable channel fault location system using distributed optical fiber sensing, the system being used to implement the cable channel fault location method using distributed optical fiber sensing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the system being embedded in a service layer, the service layer being communicatively connected to a detection light transmitter, an optical fiber sensor and an environmental sensor, the optical fiber sensor being arranged along a cable laying path at a preset interval, comprising: A communication module is used to communicate with the environmental sensor to obtain the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, magnetic field strength and ambient light intensity; A detection module, used to obtain detection light pulse parameters of a detection light transmitter; A construction module for constructing a detection fitness function; An evaluation module, used for analyzing the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity, the magnetic field strength and the environmental light intensity according to the detection fitness function, and the fitness evaluation value of the detection light pulse parameter; An optimization module, configured to optimize the detection light pulse parameters according to the detection fitness function to obtain detection light recommended pulse parameters when the fitness evaluation value is less than or equal to a fitness threshold value based on the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the magnetic field strength and the ambient light intensity; A control module, used for controlling the detection light transmitter to transmit detection light to the optical fiber sensor according to the detection light recommended pulse parameter, and receiving feedback information from the optical fiber sensor; The classification module is used to perform signal classification processing on the feedback information of the optical fiber sensor, obtain the fault signal generation position, add the fault location result into the cable channel and send it to the cable management terminal.

Images