Hyperspectral soil measuring device

Abstract

The invention relates to a hyperspectral soil measuring device, and belongs to the technical field of soil detection, the hyperspectral soil measuring device comprises a rack, a square tube is vertically arranged on the rack, one side of the square tube is vertically and horizontally provided with a plurality of detection ports at equal intervals, and the outer wall of one side, close to the detection ports, of the square tube is vertically provided with two first sliding grooves; two first sliding grooves are formed in the bottom of the square pipe, two second sliding grooves are formed in the bottom of the square pipe, the multiple sliding blocks are sequentially arranged in the first sliding grooves, the multiple blocking strips are sequentially and horizontally arranged between the two first sliding grooves in the vertical direction, the two ends of the blocking strips are fixedly connected with the sliding blocks, and the traction mechanism is arranged on the square pipe. The traction mechanism is used for driving the sliding block to move towards the bottom of the square pipe, soil in the square pipe is prevented from falling off when the square pipe moves upwards, high-energy rays penetrate through the detection opening to detect the soil in the square pipe when the square pipe moves to the position above the ground, and convenience of field measurement of soil of different depths through hyperspectrum is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular relates to a hyperspectral soil measuring device. Background Art

[0002] Hyperspectral imaging technology mainly uses a hyperspectral measuring instrument to collect the reflectance spectrum data of soil at different wavelengths to obtain various properties of soil, such as humidity, organic matter content, mineral composition, pH value, salt, etc. The hyperspectral measuring instrument is mainly composed of a light source and a hyperspectral sensor. The light source emits high-energy rays to irradiate the soil, and the soil scatters or diffusely reflects the high-energy rays. The scattered or diffusely reflected high-energy rays are incident on the collection end of the hyperspectral sensor, thereby collecting the light data reflected by the soil. Since the hyperspectral sensor can capture spectral data of hundreds of continuous bands, high-resolution light data can reveal subtle material differences, thereby accurately distinguishing different types of substances. Heavy metal pollutants in the soil, such as lead, cadmium, copper, chromium, arsenic, etc., will show unique absorption or reflection characteristics within a specific wavelength range. By analyzing the spectral data of these characteristic bands, the presence of heavy metals can be identified and their concentrations can be estimated. Therefore, hyperspectral imaging technology has many unique advantages in monitoring soil heavy metal pollution, which can significantly improve the accuracy of soil heavy metal pollution monitoring.

[0003] When testing soil for heavy metal pollutants, soil samples are generally taken at multiple locations in the area to be tested, and the soil samples are placed in transparent containers in the laboratory. The hyperspectral measuring instrument is then placed directly opposite the transparent containers, so that the high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument irradiate the soil samples, and then the high-energy rays scattered or diffusely reflected by the soil samples are collected, thereby achieving hyperspectral measurement of the soil. However, from the process of collecting soil samples to transporting them to the laboratory for measurement, soil samples are easily affected by the external environment, resulting in certain changes in the properties and material content of the soil, causing the results of hyperspectral soil measurement to be inconsistent with the actual soil, reducing the effect of hyperspectral soil measurement.

[0004] At present, the existing technology mostly chooses to measure soil directly on the spot, so as to avoid changes in the soil during transportation, so that the measurement results are consistent with the actual situation. The principle of hyperspectral imaging technology is based on reflectance spectrum (i.e., light reflected from the soil surface), which can only measure the spectral characteristics of the soil surface or near the surface, and it is difficult to measure soil at a certain depth. After research, it is found that the properties and material content of the soil may change significantly with the change of depth. Therefore, measuring soil at different depths can make the information on heavy metal pollution in the soil more comprehensive. When measuring soil at different depths, surveyors often use the method of digging pits or using sampling tubes to take out soil at a certain depth below the ground, so as to measure soil at different depths. However, since the reflection of light is required for hyperspectral measurement, a certain width is required when digging pits to meet the requirements of light scattering or diffuse reflection, and the sampling tube is not only prone to soil falling off when taking out the soil, but also needs to repeat sampling many times, and the soil in the sampling tube needs to be taken out to complete the measurement. In summary, when the existing hyperspectral field measurement of soil at different depths is carried out, it is extremely inconvenient whether digging a pit or using a sampling tube to take samples, which makes the hyperspectral soil measurement work time-consuming and laborious. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a hyperspectral soil measurement device to address the deficiencies in the prior art. The present invention can improve the convenience of hyperspectral field measurement of soil at different depths.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a hyperspectral soil measuring device, comprising a frame, a square tube vertically arranged on the frame, the square tube vertically slidably connected to the frame, the square tube inserted into the ground to allow soil to enter the square tube, a plurality of detection ports horizontally opened at equal intervals along the vertical direction on one side of the square tube, two first slide grooves vertically opened on the outer wall of one side of the square tube close to the detection port, two second slide grooves opened at the bottom of the square tube, the first slide groove and the second slide groove are respectively located on both sides of the detection port, the first slide groove is connected to the second slide groove in a one-to-one correspondence, a plurality of sliders are sequentially arranged in the first slide groove, adjacent sliders are hinged to each other to form a chain, and the sliders It is slidably connected to the first slide groove and the second slide groove, and multiple baffles are horizontally arranged between the two first slide grooves in sequence along the vertical direction. Both ends of the baffles are fixedly connected to the sliders. The traction mechanism is arranged on the square tube, and the two output ends of the traction mechanism are respectively connected to the sliders at both ends of the chain to drive the multiple sliders to move back and forth. When soil enters the square tube, the traction mechanism drives the slider to move from the first slide groove to the second slide groove so that the baffle is located at the bottom of the square tube. The soil inside the square tube is supported by the baffles, and the square tube moves upward to take out the deep soil. The high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument pass through the detection port to detect the soil in the square tube.

[0007] Preferably, multiple detection ports are interconnected to form a detection groove, and the upper and lower ends of the detection groove pass through the square tube. A connecting rod is passed through the baffle bar and is parallel to the center line of the baffle bar. The end faces of the baffle bar are respectively abutted against the inner walls on both sides of the detection groove, and the two ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected to the slider.

[0008] Preferably, the center lines of the connecting rod and the baffle are coaxial, the baffle is rotatably connected to the connecting rod around its circumference, a torsion spring is sleeved on the connecting rod, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the baffle.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the barrier strip increases gradually from the upper and lower sides to the middle.

[0010] Preferably, a through groove is vertically opened on one side of the square tube away from the detection port, and the through groove is connected to the second slide groove on the side close to the bottom of the square tube. One of the output ends of the traction mechanism passes through the through groove and is connected to the slider at the lower end of the chain so that the slider and the baffle bar enter the through groove.

[0011] Preferably, two semicircular plates are vertically provided at the bottom of the square tube and are located on both sides of the detection port, the flat ends of the semicircular plates are fixedly connected to the square tube, and the second slide groove is located on the arc edge of the semicircular plates.

[0012] Preferably, the traction mechanism includes: two double capstans and two ropes wound on the double capstans, the two double capstans are respectively fixed on the top of the square tube and are located on both sides of the detection port, the two ropes on the double capstans are wound in opposite directions, and the ropes are respectively fixedly connected to the sliders at both ends of the chain.

[0013] Preferably, the hyperspectral measuring instrument is fixed on the frame and arranged opposite to a side of the square tube where the detection port is provided.

[0014] Preferably, two racks are vertically fixed on the outer wall of the square tube and are located on both sides of the detection port. Two rotating power units are fixed on the frame. The rotating power units and the racks are arranged one by one. The output shaft of the rotating power unit is equipped with a gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a hyperspectral soil measuring device, which is used in conjunction with a frame, a detection port on a square tube, a first slide groove, a second slide groove, a slider, a baffle and a traction mechanism, to insert the square tube into the ground so that the soil enters the square tube, and the traction mechanism is used to drive the slider to move from the first slide groove to the second slide groove, and the baffle bar supports the soil inside the square tube to prevent the soil inside the square tube from falling off when the square tube moves upward. At the same time, when the square tube moves above the ground, the high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument can pass through the detection port to detect the soil in the square tube, without taking the soil out of the square tube, thereby improving the convenience of hyperspectral field measurement of soil at different depths. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a top view of the measuring device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a front view of the measuring device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a right side view of the measuring device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a left side view of the measuring device of the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention Figure 1 AA section view in; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the baffle bar of the present invention moving into the through groove; Figure 7 is a front view of the connection between the baffle and the slider of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a side view of the connection between the baffle and the slider of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention provides a hyperspectral soil measurement device, which is combined with Figures 1 to 8 The present invention is described with reference to the structural schematic diagram of FIG.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0019] When testing soil for heavy metal pollutants, soil samples are generally taken at multiple locations in the area to be tested, and the soil samples are placed in transparent containers in the laboratory. The hyperspectral measuring instrument is then placed directly opposite the transparent containers, so that the high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument irradiate the soil samples, and then the high-energy rays scattered or diffusely reflected by the soil samples are collected, thereby achieving hyperspectral measurement of the soil. However, from the process of collecting soil samples to transporting them to the laboratory for measurement, soil samples are easily affected by the external environment, resulting in certain changes in the properties and material content of the soil, causing the results of hyperspectral soil measurement to be inconsistent with the actual soil, reducing the effect of hyperspectral soil measurement.

[0020] For example, patent application number CN202122163476.5 discloses a hyperspectral soil measurement device, which measures the soil by placing the collected soil sample into a culture dish, fixing the culture dish, and using a spectrometer to measure the soil. In addition, soil samples are prone to contamination during transportation to the laboratory after collection, which causes changes in the substance content in the soil sample, and thus causes the test results to be inconsistent with the actual situation.

[0021] At present, the existing technology mostly chooses to measure soil directly on the spot, so as to avoid soil changes during transportation and make the measurement results consistent with the actual situation. The principle of hyperspectral imaging technology is based on reflectance spectrum (i.e. light reflected from the soil surface), which can only measure the spectral characteristics of the soil surface or near the surface, and it is difficult to measure soil at a certain depth.

[0022] For example, patent application number CN202222799315.X discloses a soil hyperspectral measuring device, which installs a hyperspectral analyzer on a transparent box to achieve on-site hyperspectral soil measurement. However, due to the measurement characteristics of the hyperspectral analyzer, it can only measure the surface or near-surface soil.

[0023] After consulting a large amount of information for research, it is found that the properties and material content of soil may change significantly with the change of depth. Therefore, measuring soil at different depths can make the information on soil heavy metal pollution more comprehensive. When measuring soil at different depths, surveyors usually use digging pits or using sampling tubes to take out soil at a certain depth below the ground to measure soil at different depths. However, since hyperspectral measurement requires the reflection of light, a certain width is required when digging pits to meet the requirements of light scattering or diffuse reflection. When taking out the soil, the sampling tube is not only prone to soil falling off, but also needs to be sampled repeatedly, and the soil in the sampling tube needs to be taken out to complete the measurement. In summary, when the existing hyperspectral field measurement of soil at different depths is carried out, whether it is digging pits or using sampling tubes to take samples, it will cause the measurement work to be time-consuming, labor-intensive and extremely inconvenient.

[0024] Based on the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hyperspectral soil measuring device, which is used in conjunction with a frame, a detection port on a square tube, a first slide groove, a second slide groove, a slider, a baffle and a traction mechanism, to insert the square tube into the ground so that the soil enters the square tube, and the traction mechanism is used to drive the slider to move from the first slide groove to the second slide groove, and the baffle bar supports the soil inside the square tube to prevent the soil inside the square tube from falling off when the square tube moves upward. At the same time, when the square tube moves above the ground, the high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument can pass through the detection port to detect the soil in the square tube, without taking the soil out of the square tube, thereby improving the convenience of hyperspectral field measurement of soil at different depths. The soil measuring device of the present invention is easy to use, has good effect, strong practicality, and is worthy of promotion.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a top view of the measuring device of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, a hyperspectral soil measurement device includes a frame, a square tube 1 is vertically arranged on the frame, the square tube 1 is vertically slidably connected to the frame, the square tube 1 is inserted into the ground so that the soil enters the square tube 1, and one side of the square tube 1 is horizontally opened with multiple detection ports at equal intervals along the vertical direction. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a right side view of the measuring device of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, two first chutes 11 are vertically provided on the outer wall of one side of the square tube 1 close to the detection port, and two second chutes are provided at the bottom of the square tube 1. The first chutes 11 and the second chutes are respectively located on both sides of the detection port. The first chutes 11 are connected to the second chutes in a one-to-one correspondence. A plurality of sliders 2 are sequentially arranged in the first chutes 11. Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 This is a front view of the connection between the baffle and the slider in this embodiment. Figure 8 This is a side view of the connection between the baffle and the slider in this embodiment. Figure 7 , 8 As shown, adjacent sliders 2 are hinged to each other to form a chain, the slider 2 is slidably connected to the first slide groove 11 and the second slide groove, a plurality of baffles 3 are horizontally arranged between the two first slide grooves 11 in sequence along the vertical direction, both ends of the baffles 3 are fixedly connected to the slider 2, the traction mechanism is arranged on the square tube 1, and the two output ends of the traction mechanism are respectively connected to the sliders 2 at both ends of the chain to drive the plurality of sliders 2 to move back and forth. When soil enters the square tube 1, the traction mechanism drives the slider 2 to move from the first slide groove 11 to the second slide groove so that the baffle 3 is located at the bottom of the square tube 1, and the soil inside the square tube 1 is supported by the baffle 3. The square tube 1 moves upward to take out the deep soil, and the high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10 pass through the detection port to detect the soil in the square tube 1.

[0026] The hyperspectral soil measuring device in this embodiment can realize soil measurement of different depths in the field. After moving the device to the measuring point, the square tube 1 is vertically inserted downward into the soil. The insertion depth is selected according to the depth to be measured. After the square tube 1 is inserted downward into the soil, the soil will enter the square tube 1, and then the traction mechanism is used to drive the slider 2 to move from the first slide groove 11 to the second slide groove, so that the blocking bar 3 between the sliders 2 supports the soil inside the square tube 1, so that the square tube 1 can carry the soil inside and move upward smoothly, and the soil inside the square tube 1 is prevented from falling off when the square tube 1 moves upward. When the square tube 1 moves above the ground, the high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10 pass through the detection port to detect the soil in the square tube 1. There is no need to take out the soil in the square tube 1, which improves the convenience of hyperspectral field measurement of soils at different depths as a whole. When going to the next measuring point for measurement, the square tube 1 can automatically push the soil in the square tube 1 out from its top when it is vertically inserted downward, and the above process is repeated to measure the soil.

[0027] As a further optimization scheme, in this embodiment, multiple detection ports are interconnected to form a detection groove, and the upper and lower ends of the detection groove pass through the square tube 1, a connecting rod 31 is passed through the baffle bar 3 and is parallel to the center line of the baffle bar 3, and the end faces of the baffle bar 3 are respectively abutted against the inner walls on both sides of the detection groove, and the two ends of the connecting rod 31 are fixedly connected to the slider 2.

[0028] In this embodiment, multiple detection slots are combined into one, so that the high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10 can measure soil at any depth, avoiding the detection slots affecting the flexibility of measurement, and further improving the convenience of hyperspectral field measurement of soil at different depths.

[0029] As a further optimization scheme, in this embodiment, the connecting rod 31 is coaxial with the center line of the baffle bar 3, and the baffle bar 3 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 31 around its circumference. A torsion spring is sleeved on the connecting rod 31, and one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 31, and the other end is fixedly connected to the baffle bar 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the connecting rod 31 is used to enable the baffle 3 to rotate around its circumference, so that when the square tube 1 moves up and down, the baffle 3 can automatically rotate to get rid of stones or crop roots, so that the square tube 1 can be smoothly inserted into the soil and taken out of the soil, further improving the convenience of hyperspectral soil measurement.

[0031] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, the thickness of the blocking bar 3 gradually increases from the upper and lower sides to the middle.

[0032] In this embodiment, the characteristic of the baffle 3 being thick in the middle and thin at the upper and lower sides is utilized so that when the baffle is located outside the detection slot, it can smoothly move downward along with the square tube 1 to avoid being stuck.

[0033] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 This is the AA cross-sectional view of the measuring device of this embodiment, Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention in which the baffle bar moves into the through slot. Figure 5 , 6 As shown, as a further optimization scheme, in this embodiment, a through groove 12 is vertically opened on the side of the square tube 1 away from the detection port, and the through groove 12 is connected with the second slide groove on the side close to the bottom of the square tube 1. One of the output ends of the traction mechanism passes through the through groove 12 and is connected to the slider 2 at the lower end of the chain, so that the slider 2 and the baffle bar 3 enter the through groove 12.

[0034] In this embodiment, through the through groove 12 on the square tube 1, when the square tube 1 is moved from below the ground to above the ground, all the baffles 3 can be moved into the through groove 12 by using the traction mechanism, so that the detection groove formed by the plurality of detection ports connected to each other is completely exposed, making it convenient for the high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10 to measure the soil at any depth.

[0035] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a left side view of the measuring device of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, as a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, two semicircular plates 13 are vertically provided at the bottom of the square tube 1 and are located on both sides of the detection port. The flat ends of the semicircular plates 13 are fixedly connected to the square tube 1, and the second slide groove is located on the arc edge of the semicircular plates 13.

[0036] In this embodiment, the semicircular plate 13 can not only improve the smoothness of the slider 2 entering the through groove 12 from the second slide groove, and realize a smooth transition between the second slide groove and the through groove 12 at the bottom of the square tube 1, but also when the square tube 1 is inserted downward into the soil, the semicircular plate 13 can cut the soil, further improving the convenience of use.

[0037] In this embodiment, the traction mechanism includes: two double capstans 4 and two ropes wound on the double capstans 4. The two double capstans 4 are respectively fixed on the top of the square tube 1 and are located on both sides of the detection port. The two ropes on the double capstans 4 are wound in opposite directions, and the ropes are respectively fixedly connected to the sliders 2 at both ends of the chain.

[0038] In this embodiment, a double winch 4 is used to connect two ropes from the first slide groove 11 and the through groove 12 to the sliders 2 at both ends of the chain, thereby pulling the entire chain back and forth, and making the entire chain automatically in a taut state when moving, thereby improving the supporting effect on the soil in the square tube 1.

[0039] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10 is fixed on the frame and arranged opposite to the side of the square tube 1 where the detection port is opened.

[0040] In this embodiment, the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10 is fixed on the frame, so that when the square tube 1 moves upward, the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10 is used for measurement. At the same time, the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10 and the soil are kept relatively stable, so that the high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10 stably irradiate the soil, and the high-energy rays scattered or diffusely reflected by the soil are stably received by the hyperspectral measuring instrument 10, further improving the accuracy of the measurement. Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a front view of the measuring device of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, as a further optimization scheme, in this embodiment, two racks 5 are vertically fixed on the outer wall of the square tube 1 and are located on both sides of the detection port, and two rotating power units 6 are fixed on the frame. The rotating power units 6 are arranged one by one with the racks 5, and the output shaft of the rotating power unit 6 is fitted with a gear 7, which is meshed with the rack 5.

[0041] In this embodiment, the rack 5, the rotating power unit 6 and the gear 7 are used to drive the square tube 7 to move up and down, so as to facilitate the insertion or removal of the square tube 1 from the soil, and the square tube 1 can be smoothly inserted into the specified depth as needed, thereby further improving the convenience of hyperspectral field measurement of soil at different depths.

[0042] The frame in this embodiment includes a horizontally arranged mounting plate, a square hole is vertically opened on the mounting plate, a square tube 1 passes through the square hole and is slidably connected therewith, grooves are arranged on both sides of the square hole of the mounting plate, a rack 5 passes through the grooves, a support leg is arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate, and a universal wheel can be arranged at the bottom of the support leg to facilitate movement.

[0043] The above disclosure is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hyperspectral soil measurement device, characterized in that: include: frame; A square tube (1) is vertically arranged on the frame, the square tube (1) is vertically connected to the frame in a sliding manner, the square tube (1) is inserted into the ground so that soil enters the square tube (1), a plurality of detection openings are horizontally opened at equal intervals along the vertical direction on one side of the square tube (1), two first slide grooves (11) are vertically opened on the outer wall of one side of the square tube (1) close to the detection opening, and two second slide grooves are opened at the bottom of the square tube (1), the first slide groove (11) and the second slide groove are respectively located on both sides of the detection opening, and the first slide groove (11) is connected to the second slide groove in a one-to-one correspondence; A plurality of sliders (2) are sequentially arranged in the first slide groove (11), the adjacent sliders (2) are hinged to each other to form a chain, and the sliders (2) are slidably connected to the first slide groove (11) and the second slide groove; A plurality of baffles (3) are horizontally arranged in sequence along the vertical direction between two of the first slide grooves (11), and both ends of the baffles (3) are fixedly connected to the slide block (2); A traction mechanism is arranged on the square tube (1), and two output ends of the traction mechanism are respectively connected to the sliders (2) at both ends of the chain to drive the multiple sliders (2) to move back and forth. When soil enters the square tube (1), the traction mechanism drives the sliders (2) to move from the first slide groove (11) to the second slide groove, so that the baffle (3) is located at the bottom of the square tube (1). The baffle (3) supports the soil inside the square tube (1), and the square tube (1) moves upward to take out the deep soil. The high-energy rays emitted by the hyperspectral measuring instrument (10) pass through the detection port to detect the soil in the square tube (1).

2. A hyperspectral soil measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of detection ports are interconnected to form a detection slot, and the upper and lower ends of the detection slot penetrate the square tube (1). A connecting rod (31) is provided on the baffle bar (3) and is parallel to the center line thereof. The end faces of the baffle bar (3) respectively abut against the inner walls of both sides of the detection slot, and the two ends of the connecting rod (31) are fixedly connected to the slider (2).

3. A hyperspectral soil measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod (31) is coaxial with the center line of the baffle (3); the baffle (3) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (31) around its circumference; a torsion spring is sleeved on the connecting rod (31); one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (31) and the other end is fixedly connected to the baffle (3).

4. A hyperspectral soil measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the baffle (3) gradually increases from the upper and lower sides to the middle.

5. A hyperspectral soil measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through slot (12) is vertically formed on a side of the square tube (1) away from the detection port, and a side of the through slot (12) close to the bottom of the square tube (1) is connected to a second slide slot. One of the output ends of the traction mechanism passes through the through slot (12) and is connected to a slider (2) at the lower end of the chain, so that the slider (2) and the stop bar (3) enter the through slot (12).

6. A hyperspectral soil measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two semicircular plates (13) are vertically arranged at the bottom of the square tube (1) and are located on both sides of the detection port. The flat ends of the semicircular plates (13) are fixedly connected to the square tube (1), and the second slide groove is located on the arc-shaped edge of the semicircular plates (13).

7. A hyperspectral soil measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The traction mechanism comprises: two double capstans (4) and two ropes wound on the double capstans (4); the two double capstans (4) are respectively fixed on the top of the square tube (1) and are located on both sides of the detection port; the two ropes on the double capstans (4) are wound in opposite directions, and the ropes are respectively fixedly connected to the sliders (2) at both ends of the chain.

8. The hyperspectral soil measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hyperspectral measuring instrument (10) is fixed on a frame and arranged directly opposite to a side of the square tube (1) on which a detection port is provided.

9. A hyperspectral soil measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two racks (5) are vertically fixedly provided on the outer wall of the square tube (1) and are located on both sides of the detection port. Two rotating power units (6) are fixedly provided on the frame. The rotating power units (6) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the racks (5). The output shaft of the rotating power unit (6) is sleeved with a gear (7), and the gear (7) is meshed with the rack (5).

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