Rural livable degree evaluation method based on multi-source heterogeneous data

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of livable degree evaluation, and particularly discloses a rural livable degree evaluation method based on multi-source heterogeneous data, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a rural region into n monitoring regions, obtaining the multi-source environment data of each monitoring sub-region, and carrying out the standardization processing, analyzing a rural environment quality index, a rural living environment comfort index and a rural environment health guarantee degree index of each monitoring sub-region based on the rural ecological environment data, the rural living environment data and the rural environment health data, and performing grade evaluation analysis on each index; calculating to obtain a rural environment livable degree evaluation index of each monitored sub-region by constructing a rural environment livable degree evaluation index model, and evaluating the rural environment livable degree; by integrating multi-source heterogeneous data, a scientific rural environment livable degree evaluation method is provided, and powerful technical support is provided for promoting rural sustainable development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of livability evaluation, and in particular to a method for evaluating the livability of a village based on multi-source heterogeneous data. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, more and more people are flocking to cities, resulting in the relative lag of rural development. However, rural areas are not only the foundation of agricultural production and food security, but also an important carrier of many traditional cultures and natural resources. The livability of rural environment has become an important indicator for measuring the quality of rural development. The livability of rural environment is not only related to the quality of life of residents, but also affects the sustainable development of rural areas. Improving the livability of rural environment is of great significance to promoting coordinated urban and rural development, improving the quality of life of farmers, and protecting the ecological environment.

[0003] The traditional method of evaluating the livability of rural environments mainly relies on official data provided by government statistical departments for evaluation. Although it can reveal the livability of rural environments to a certain extent, it also exposes some significant defects.

[0004] The first problem is that traditional evaluation methods usually rely on a single statistical data or field survey data as the basis for analysis. These data sources are narrow and it is difficult to fully cover multiple key dimensions of the rural environment. Due to the lack of integration and utilization of multi-source heterogeneous data, the evaluation results are inevitably constrained by data limitations and it is difficult to fully and truly reflect the overall situation of the rural environment. Secondly, the statistical data relied on by traditional evaluation methods often have a long update cycle and lack timeliness. In addition, traditional evaluation methods also rely to a large extent on expert experience or subjective judgment, which to a certain extent weakens the objectivity and accuracy of the evaluation results. Due to the lack of objective data support and scientific methodological guidance, the evaluation results may be affected by personal bias or subjective assumptions, thus deviating from the actual situation and reducing the credibility and reliability of the evaluation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating rural livability based on multi-source heterogeneous data to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for evaluating rural livability based on multi-source heterogeneous data, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: determine the rural area as the target area, and divide the target area into n monitoring sub-areas, where i=1, 2, 3, ...n, i is the number of each monitoring sub-area;

[0008] Step S2: acquiring multi-source environmental data of each monitoring sub-area and performing standardization processing on the acquired multi-source environmental data, wherein the multi-source environmental data includes rural ecological environment data, rural residential environment data and rural environmental sanitation data;

[0009] Step S3: analyzing the rural environmental quality indicators of each monitoring sub-area based on the rural ecological environment data, and performing a grade assessment on the rural environmental quality;

[0010] Step S4: analyzing the rural residential environment comfort index of each monitoring sub-area based on the rural residential environment data, and performing a grade evaluation on the rural residential environment comfort;

[0011] Step S5: analyzing the rural environmental sanitation security index of each monitoring sub-area based on the rural environmental sanitation data, and performing a grade assessment on the rural environmental sanitation security;

[0012] Step S6: Construct a rural environment livability evaluation index model, calculate the rural environment livability evaluation index of each monitoring sub-area, and evaluate the rural environment livability to obtain the evaluation result of the rural environment livability.

[0013] Preferably, the rural ecological environment data includes air quality data, water quality data and vegetation coverage data;

[0014] The specific method of obtaining air quality data is as follows: by setting up air quality monitoring stations in each monitoring sub-area in rural areas, using air quality monitoring instruments and particulate matter monitors for continuous monitoring, and obtaining air quality data on sulfur dioxide concentration, nitrogen dioxide concentration and inhalable particulate matter PM10 concentration in the air;

[0015] The specific method of obtaining water quality data is: by setting water quality monitoring sections in the water bodies of each monitoring sub-area in the rural area, regularly collecting water samples, using water quality online monitoring equipment to obtain indicator data in real time, and analyzing to obtain the water quality compliance rate Wcr of each monitoring sub-area;

[0016] The specific method of obtaining vegetation coverage data is as follows: planning the flight route and shooting parameters of the drone according to the size and terrain of each monitoring sub-area; after the flight is completed, importing the acquired images into the photogrammetry software Pix4D for image stitching, correction and three-dimensional reconstruction; on the reconstructed three-dimensional model or orthophoto, identifying the vegetation area of ​​each monitoring sub-area through visual interpretation or automatic classification algorithm, and calculating the ratio of its area to the total area of ​​each monitoring sub-area, and obtaining the vegetation coverage Vc of each monitoring sub-area i .

[0017] Preferably, the specific steps of analyzing the rural environmental quality indicators of each monitoring sub-area are as follows:

[0018] Step S31: Calculate the rural air quality coefficient Aqc of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows:

[0019] in, Expressed as the sulfur dioxide concentration in the ith monitoring sub-area, Indicated as the preset upper limit of standard sulfur dioxide concentration, Expressed as the nitrogen dioxide concentration in the ith monitoring sub-area, Indicated as the preset upper limit of standard nitrogen dioxide concentration, It is expressed as the PM10 concentration of the i-th monitoring sub-area, It is represented by the preset upper limit of the standard inhalable particulate matter PM10 concentration, and α is represented by other influencing factors of the rural air quality coefficient;

[0020] Step S32: Calculate the rural environmental quality index EQI of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows:

[0021] Among them, EQI i It is expressed as the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area, Vc i is represented by the vegetation coverage of the ith monitoring sub-area, Vc0 is represented by the preset ideal vegetation coverage, and Wcr i It is expressed as the water quality compliance rate of the ith monitoring sub-area, Aqc i It is expressed as the rural air quality coefficient of the ith monitoring sub-area, and e is expressed as a natural constant.

[0022] Preferably, the specific steps of analyzing the rural residential environment comfort index of each monitoring sub-area are as follows:

[0023] Step S41: Calculate the human comfort coefficient Hcc of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows:

[0024] Among them, T i It is represented as the actual ambient temperature of the ith monitoring sub-area, T max Expressed as the maximum value of the ambient temperature, T min Expressed as the minimum value of ambient temperature, V i Expressed as the wind speed of the ith monitoring sub-area, V max Expressed as the maximum wind speed, H i It is represented as the humidity of the ith monitoring sub-area, e is represented as a natural constant, and β is represented as other influencing factors of the human comfort coefficient;

[0025] Step S42: Calculate the rural living environment comfort index ECI of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows:

[0026] Among them, ECI i It is expressed as the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area, N i It is expressed as the noise value of the ith monitoring sub-area, N max Expressed as the preset standard noise ceiling value, Hcc i It is expressed as the human comfort coefficient of the ith monitoring sub-area, and e is expressed as a natural constant.

[0027] Preferably, the specific content of the grade evaluation of the rural living environment comfort level is:

[0028] The rural residential environment comfort index of each monitoring sub-area is extracted and compared with the preset comfort level range. If the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area is within the first comfort level range, the rural residential environment comfort level is judged to be "relatively comfortable"; if the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area is within the second comfort level range, the rural environment quality level is judged to be "comfortable"; if the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area is within the third comfort level range, the rural environment quality level is judged to be "uncomfortable"; the number of the monitoring sub-area whose rural environment quality level is judged to be "uncomfortable" is sent to the management personnel and an early warning message is issued.

[0029] Preferably, the calculation model for analyzing the rural environmental sanitation security index of each monitoring sub-area is specifically as follows:

[0030] Among them, EHI i It is expressed as the rural environmental sanitation security index of the ith monitoring sub-area, Rq i Rq is the actual amount of garbage generated daily in the villages of the ith monitoring sub-area. max It is represented by the maximum amount of garbage that is properly removed, Sv i It is represented by the actual daily sewage discharge of the villages in the ith monitoring sub-area, Sv max It is expressed as the maximum amount of sewage that is treated to meet the standard, D i It is represented as the average distance between the rural garbage treatment facilities and the sewage discharge point in the i-th monitoring sub-area, and D0 is represented as the preset standard distance.

[0031] Preferably, the calculation model of the rural environment livability evaluation index of each monitoring sub-area is specifically as follows:

[0032] LEIi =γ×(w1×EQI i +w2×ECI i +w3×EHI i ), where LEI i It is expressed as the evaluation index of rural environment livability of the i-th monitoring sub-area, EQI i It is expressed as the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area, ECI i It is expressed as the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area, EHI i It is represented as the rural environmental sanitation security index of the ith monitoring sub-area, w1, w2, w3 respectively represent the weights of the rural environmental quality index, the rural living environment comfort index and the rural environmental sanitation security index, and w1+w2+w3=1, γ represents other influencing factors of the rural environment livability evaluation index.

[0033] Preferably, the specific contents of the evaluation result of the livability of the rural environment obtained by evaluating the livability of the rural environment are:

[0034] The rural environment livability evaluation index of each monitoring sub-area is compared and analyzed with the preset livability level range. If the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the first livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "very livable"; if the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the second livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "relatively livable"; if the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the third livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "generally livable"; if the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the fourth livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "unlivable"; the number of the monitoring sub-area of ​​the determination result is sent to the management personnel to facilitate the management personnel to carry out management planning for the corresponding area.

[0035] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0036] 1. The present invention constructs a rural environment livability evaluation index model, organically integrates the results of three special indicators, and outputs a quantitative evaluation index for each sub-region. Managers can see the overall health of the rural environment at a glance and accurately judge the livability level, which helps to coordinate and allocate resources from a macro level, rationally plan the rural development blueprint, guide the industrial layout to match the environmental carrying capacity, and make rural development steady and fast;

[0037] 2. The present invention can more accurately reflect the real situation of the rural environment by processing and analyzing multi-source heterogeneous data, and provide a more scientific and comprehensive perspective for environmental livability evaluation;

[0038] 3. Based on the level assessment of rural environmental quality, living environment comfort and environmental sanitation security in each monitoring sub-area, the present invention can reveal the problems and shortcomings of the rural environment, and help the government and relevant departments to formulate targeted governance measures according to the assessment results, implement precise policies, and improve governance efficiency and effectiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The present invention is further described using the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for evaluating rural livability based on multi-source heterogeneous data. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for evaluating rural livability based on multi-source heterogeneous data, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step S1: determine the rural area as the target area, and divide the target area into n monitoring sub-areas, where i=1, 2, 3, ...n, i is the number of each monitoring sub-area;

[0044] Step S2: acquiring multi-source environmental data of each monitoring sub-area and performing standardization processing on the acquired multi-source environmental data, wherein the multi-source environmental data includes rural ecological environment data, rural residential environment data and rural environmental sanitation data;

[0045] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the rural ecological environment data includes air quality data, water quality data and vegetation coverage data;

[0046] The specific method of obtaining air quality data is as follows: by setting up air quality monitoring stations in each monitoring sub-area in rural areas, using air quality monitoring instruments and particulate matter monitors for continuous monitoring, and obtaining air quality data on sulfur dioxide concentration, nitrogen dioxide concentration and inhalable particulate matter PM10 concentration in the air;

[0047] The specific method of obtaining water quality data is: by setting water quality monitoring sections in the water bodies of each monitoring sub-area in the rural area, regularly collecting water samples, using water quality online monitoring equipment to obtain some indicator data in real time, and analyzing to obtain the water quality compliance rate Wcr of each monitoring sub-area;

[0048] The specific method of obtaining vegetation coverage data is as follows: planning the flight route and shooting parameters of the drone according to the size and terrain of each monitoring sub-area to ensure that the acquired images have sufficient overlap and resolution; after the flight is completed, importing the acquired images into the photogrammetry software Pix4D to perform image stitching, correction and three-dimensional reconstruction; on the reconstructed three-dimensional model or orthophoto, identifying the vegetation area of ​​each monitoring sub-area through visual interpretation or automatic classification algorithm, and calculating the ratio of its area to the total area of ​​each monitoring sub-area to obtain the vegetation coverage Vc of each monitoring sub-area;

[0049] The rural living environment data includes ambient temperature, wind speed, humidity and noise value;

[0050] The rural environmental sanitation data include the actual amount of garbage generated in the village every day and the actual amount of sewage discharged in the village every day.

[0051] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the standardization process of the acquired multi-source environmental data is specifically: preprocessing the data by a linear standardization method, and the calculation model of the linear standardization is: Among them, X represents the standardized parameters, X0 represents the initial acquisition parameters, and X min Represents the minimum value of the initial acquisition parameters, X max Expressed as the maximum value of the initial acquisition parameters.

[0052] Step S3: analyzing the rural environmental quality indicators of each monitoring sub-area based on the rural ecological environment data, and performing a grade assessment on the rural environmental quality;

[0053] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the specific steps of analyzing the rural environmental quality indicators of each monitoring sub-area are as follows:

[0054] Step S31: Calculate the rural air quality coefficient Aqc of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows:

[0055] in, Expressed as the sulfur dioxide concentration in the ith monitoring sub-area, Indicated as the preset upper limit of standard sulfur dioxide concentration, Expressed as the nitrogen dioxide concentration in the ith monitoring sub-area, Indicated as the preset upper limit of standard nitrogen dioxide concentration, It is expressed as the PM10 concentration of the i-th monitoring sub-area, It is represented by the preset upper limit of the standard inhalable particulate matter PM10 concentration, and α is represented by other influencing factors of the rural air quality coefficient;

[0056] Step S32: Calculate the rural environmental quality index EQI of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows:

[0057] Among them, EQI i It is expressed as the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area, Vc i is represented by the vegetation coverage of the ith monitoring sub-area, Vc0 is represented by the preset ideal vegetation coverage, and Wcr i It is expressed as the water quality compliance rate of the ith monitoring sub-area, Aqc i It is expressed as the rural air quality coefficient of the ith monitoring sub-area, and e is expressed as a natural constant;

[0058] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the specific content of the rural environmental quality grade assessment is as follows:

[0059] The rural environmental quality index of each monitoring sub-area is extracted and compared with the preset environmental quality level threshold. If the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area is less than the first level threshold, the rural environmental quality level is judged to be "poor"; if the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area is between the first level threshold and the second level threshold, the rural environmental quality level is judged to be "medium"; if the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area is between the second level threshold and the third level threshold, the rural environmental quality level is judged to be "good"; if the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area is greater than the third level threshold, the rural environmental quality level is judged to be "excellent"; the number of the monitoring sub-area whose rural environmental quality level is judged to be "poor" is sent to the management personnel and an early warning message is issued.

[0060] Step S4: analyzing the rural residential environment comfort index of each monitoring sub-area based on the rural residential environment data, and performing a grade evaluation on the rural residential environment comfort;

[0061] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the specific steps of analyzing the rural residential environment comfort index of each monitoring sub-area are as follows:

[0062] Step S41: Calculate the human comfort coefficient Hcc of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows:

[0063] Among them, T i It is represented as the actual ambient temperature of the ith monitoring sub-area, T max Expressed as the maximum value of the ambient temperature, T min Expressed as the minimum value of ambient temperature, V i Expressed as the wind speed of the ith monitoring sub-area, V max Expressed as the maximum wind speed, H i It is represented by the humidity of the ith monitoring sub-area, e is represented by the natural constant, and β is represented by other influencing factors of the human comfort coefficient;

[0064] Step S42: Calculate the rural living environment comfort index ECI of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows:

[0065] Among them, ECI i It is expressed as the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area, N i It is expressed as the noise value of the ith monitoring sub-area, N max Expressed as the preset standard noise ceiling value, Hcc i It is expressed as the human comfort coefficient of the ith monitoring sub-area, and e is expressed as a natural constant;

[0066] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the specific content of the grade evaluation of the rural living environment comfort level is:

[0067] The rural residential environment comfort index of each monitoring sub-area is extracted and compared with the preset comfort level range. If the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area is within the first comfort level range, the rural residential environment comfort level is judged to be "relatively comfortable"; if the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area is within the second comfort level range, the rural environment quality level is judged to be "comfortable"; if the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area is within the third comfort level range, the rural environment quality level is judged to be "uncomfortable"; the number of the monitoring sub-area whose rural environment quality level is judged to be "uncomfortable" is sent to the management personnel and an early warning message is issued.

[0068] Step S5: analyzing the rural environmental sanitation security index of each monitoring sub-area based on the rural environmental sanitation data, and performing a grade assessment on the rural environmental sanitation security;

[0069] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the calculation model for analyzing the rural environmental sanitation security index of each monitoring sub-area is as follows:

[0070] Among them, EHI i It is expressed as the rural environmental sanitation security index of the ith monitoring sub-area, Rq i Rq is the actual amount of garbage generated daily in the villages of the ith monitoring sub-area. max It is represented by the maximum amount of garbage that is properly removed, Sv i It is represented by the actual daily sewage discharge of the villages in the ith monitoring sub-area, Sv max It is expressed as the maximum amount of sewage that is treated to meet the standard, D i It is represented as the average distance between the rural garbage treatment facilities and the sewage discharge point in the i-th monitoring sub-area, and D0 is represented as the preset standard distance;

[0071] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the specific content of the rural environmental sanitation security level assessment is as follows:

[0072] The rural environmental sanitation security index of each monitoring sub-area is extracted and compared with the preset environmental sanitation level range. If the rural environmental sanitation security index of the ith monitoring sub-area is within the first security level range, the rural environmental sanitation security level is judged to be "good"; if the rural environmental sanitation security index of the ith monitoring sub-area is within the second comfort level range, the rural environmental sanitation security level is judged to be "poor"; the number of the monitoring sub-area for which the rural environmental sanitation security level is judged to be "poor" is sent to the management personnel and an early warning message is issued.

[0073] Step S6: Construct a rural environment livability evaluation index model, calculate the rural environment livability evaluation index of each monitoring sub-area, and evaluate the rural environment livability to obtain the evaluation result of the rural environment livability.

[0074] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the calculation model of the rural environment livability evaluation index of each monitoring sub-area is specifically:

[0075] LEI i =γ×(w1×EQI i +w2×ECI i +w3×EHI i ), where LEI i It is expressed as the evaluation index of rural environment livability of the i-th monitoring sub-area, EQI i It is expressed as the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area, ECI i It is expressed as the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area, EHI iIt is represented as the rural environmental sanitation security index of the ith monitoring sub-area, w1, w2, w3 respectively represent the weights of the rural environmental quality index, the rural living environment comfort index and the rural environmental sanitation security index, and w1+w2+w3=1, γ represents other influencing factors of the rural environment livability evaluation index.

[0076] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the specific content of the evaluation result of the livability of the rural environment obtained by evaluating the livability of the rural environment is:

[0077] Compare and analyze the rural environment livability evaluation index of each monitoring sub-area with the preset livability level range. If the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the first livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "very livable"; if the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the second livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "relatively livable"; if the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the third livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "generally livable"; if the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the fourth livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "unlivable"; send the number of the monitoring sub-area of ​​the determination result to the management personnel, so that the management personnel can carry out management planning for the corresponding area;

[0078] The evaluation results of the livability of the rural environment are visualized on the manager's mobile device, and the collected data are updated in real time through big data analysis technology. Each indicator is evaluated multiple times, which can provide managers with more accurate evaluation indicators.

[0079] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0080] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rural livability evaluation method based on multi-source heterogeneous data, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: determine the rural area as the target area, and divide the target area into n monitoring sub-areas, where i=1, 2, 3, ...n, i is the number of each monitoring sub-area; Step S2: acquiring multi-source environmental data of each monitoring sub-area and performing standardization processing on the acquired multi-source environmental data, wherein the multi-source environmental data includes rural ecological environment data, rural residential environment data and rural environmental sanitation data; Step S3: analyzing the rural environmental quality indicators of each monitoring sub-area based on the rural ecological environment data, and performing a grade assessment on the rural environmental quality; Step S4: analyzing the rural residential environment comfort index of each monitoring sub-area based on the rural residential environment data, and performing a grade evaluation on the rural residential environment comfort; Step S5: analyzing the rural environmental sanitation security index of each monitoring sub-area based on the rural environmental sanitation data, and performing a grade assessment on the rural environmental sanitation security; Step S6: Construct a rural environment livability evaluation index model, calculate the rural environment livability evaluation index of each monitoring sub-area, and evaluate the rural environment livability to obtain the evaluation result of the rural environment livability.

2. The rural livability evaluation method based on multi-source heterogeneous data according to claim 1 is characterized by: The rural ecological environment data include air quality data, water quality data and vegetation coverage data; The specific method of obtaining air quality data is as follows: by setting up air quality monitoring stations in each monitoring sub-area in rural areas, using air quality monitoring instruments and particulate matter monitors for continuous monitoring, and obtaining air quality data on sulfur dioxide concentration, nitrogen dioxide concentration and inhalable particulate matter PM10 concentration in the air; The specific method of obtaining water quality data is: by setting up water quality monitoring sections in the water bodies of each monitoring sub-area in the rural area, regularly collecting water samples, using water quality online monitoring equipment to obtain indicator data in real time, and analyzing to obtain the water quality compliance rate Wcr of each monitoring sub-area i ; The specific method of obtaining vegetation coverage data is as follows: planning the flight route and shooting parameters of the drone according to the size and terrain of each monitoring sub-area; after the flight is completed, importing the acquired images into the photogrammetry software Pix4D for image stitching, correction and three-dimensional reconstruction; on the reconstructed three-dimensional model or orthophoto, identifying the vegetation area of ​​each monitoring sub-area through visual interpretation or automatic classification algorithm, and calculating the ratio of its area to the total area of ​​each monitoring sub-area, and obtaining the vegetation coverage Vc of each monitoring sub-area i .

3. The rural livability evaluation method based on multi-source heterogeneous data according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific steps of analyzing the rural environmental quality indicators of each monitoring sub-area are as follows: Step S31: Calculate the rural air quality coefficient Aqc of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows: in, Expressed as the sulfur dioxide concentration in the ith monitoring sub-area, Indicated as the preset upper limit of standard sulfur dioxide concentration, Expressed as the nitrogen dioxide concentration in the ith monitoring sub-area, Indicated as the preset upper limit of standard nitrogen dioxide concentration, It is expressed as the PM10 concentration of the i-th monitoring sub-area, It represents the preset upper limit of the standard inhalable particulate matter PM10 concentration, α represents other influencing factors of the rural air quality coefficient, and i represents the number of each monitoring sub-area; Step S32: Calculate the rural environmental quality index EQI of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows: Among them, EQI i It is expressed as the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area, Vc i is represented by the vegetation coverage of the ith monitoring sub-area, Vc0 is represented by the preset ideal vegetation coverage, and Wcr i It is expressed as the water quality compliance rate of the ith monitoring sub-area, Aqc i It is expressed as the rural air quality coefficient of the ith monitoring sub-area, and e is expressed as a natural constant.

4. The method for evaluating rural livability based on multi-source heterogeneous data according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific steps of analyzing the rural residential environment comfort index of each monitoring sub-area are as follows: Step S41: Calculate the human comfort coefficient Hcc of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows: Among them, T i It is represented as the actual ambient temperature of the ith monitoring sub-area, T max Expressed as the maximum value of the ambient temperature, T min Expressed as the minimum value of ambient temperature, V i Expressed as the wind speed of the ith monitoring sub-area, V max Expressed as the maximum wind speed, H i It is represented by the humidity of the ith monitoring sub-area, e is represented by the natural constant, and β is represented by other influencing factors of the human comfort coefficient; Step S42: Calculate the rural residential environment comfort index ECI of each monitoring sub-area i , the calculation model is as follows: Among them, ECI i It is expressed as the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area, N i It is expressed as the noise value of the ith monitoring sub-area, N max Expressed as the preset standard noise ceiling value, Hcc i It is expressed as the human comfort coefficient of the ith monitoring sub-area, and e is expressed as a natural constant.

5. The method for evaluating rural livability based on multi-source heterogeneous data according to claim 1 is characterized by: The calculation model for analyzing the rural environmental sanitation security index of each monitoring sub-area is as follows: Among them, EHI i It is expressed as the rural environmental sanitation security index of the ith monitoring sub-area, Rq i Rq is the actual amount of garbage generated daily in the villages of the ith monitoring sub-area. max It is represented by the maximum amount of garbage that is properly removed, Sv i It is represented by the actual daily sewage discharge of the villages in the ith monitoring sub-area, Sv max It is expressed as the maximum amount of sewage that is treated to meet the standard, D i It is represented as the average distance between the rural garbage treatment facilities and the sewage discharge point in the i-th monitoring sub-area, and D0 is represented as the preset standard distance.

6. The method for evaluating rural livability based on multi-source heterogeneous data according to claim 1 is characterized by: The calculation model of the rural environment livability evaluation index of each monitoring sub-area is specifically as follows: LEI i =γ×(w1×EQI i +w2×ECI i +w3×EHI i ), where LEI i It is expressed as the evaluation index of rural environment livability of the i-th monitoring sub-area, EQI i It is expressed as the rural environmental quality index of the ith monitoring sub-area, ECI i It is expressed as the rural residential environment comfort index of the ith monitoring sub-area, EHI i It is represented as the rural environmental sanitation security index of the ith monitoring sub-area, w1, w2, w3 respectively represent the weights of the rural environmental quality index, the rural living environment comfort index and the rural environmental sanitation security index, and w1+w2+w3=1, γ represents other influencing factors of the rural environment livability evaluation index.

7. The method for evaluating rural livability based on multi-source heterogeneous data according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific contents of the evaluation results of the livability of rural environment obtained by evaluating the livability of rural environment are as follows: The rural environment livability evaluation index of each monitoring sub-area is compared and analyzed with the preset livability level range. If the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the first livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "very livable"; if the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the second livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "relatively livable"; if the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the third livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "generally livable"; if the rural environment livability evaluation index of the i-th monitoring sub-area is within the fourth livability range, the rural environment livability level is determined to be "unlivable"; the number of the monitoring sub-area of ​​the determination result is sent to the management personnel to facilitate the management personnel to carry out management planning for the corresponding area.

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