Fabricated building carbon emission calculation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a prefabricated building carbon emission calculation method, which comprises the following steps: calculating carbon emission CJC generated in building material production and transportation stages, including carbon emission CSC generated in the building material production stage and carbon emission CYS generated in the building material transportation stage; calculating carbon emission CZPJ generated in the processing and transportation stages of the assembly parts, wherein the carbon emission CZPJ comprises carbon emission CNH generated by processing building materials used by the assembly parts in a factory and carbon emission CZYS generated by transporting the assembly parts to a construction site; calculating the carbon emission CJZ generated in the building construction stage, wherein the carbon emission CJZ comprises the carbon emission generated by completing the construction of each sub-item project and the carbon emission generated in the implementation process of each measure project; calculating carbon emission CYW generated in a building operation and maintenance stage; calculating the carbon emission CCC generated in the building demolition stage; and calculating to obtain the carbon emission generated in unit area in the whole service period of the fabricated building. The invention provides a more accurate calculation method for carbon emission accounting of the fabricated building, the calculation method is simple and easy to understand, and a firm theoretical basis is laid for subsequent carbon emission control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of prefabricated buildings, and in particular to a method for calculating carbon emissions from prefabricated buildings. Background Art

[0002] There is an urgent need to improve the carbon emission calculation standards in China. Considering the development of prefabricated buildings in China in the past few years, there is no calculation method that can effectively calculate the carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to address the current situation, solve the co-existing problems of restricting prefabricated buildings and carbon emissions, and further promote the improvement of prefabricated buildings and the standard system. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings to solve the problems existing in the prior art, namely, to promote the improvement of prefabricated buildings and standard systems by simply and effectively calculating the carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings, comprising:

[0007] Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials JC , including carbon emissions from the production of building materials C SC And the carbon emissions generated during the transportation of building materials C YS ;

[0008] Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the assembly processing and transportation stages ZPJ , including the carbon emissions C generated by the processing of building materials used in the assembly parts in the factory NH and the carbon emissions from transporting the assembly parts to the construction site ZYS ;

[0009] Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the construction phase of a building JZ , including carbon emissions generated by the completion of the construction of each sub-project and the carbon emissions generated during the implementation of various measures and projects;

[0010] Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building operation and maintenance phase YW , including the carbon emissions C generated by the energy required for the operation of building equipment YX and carbon emissions from energy required for building equipment maintenance WH ;

[0011] Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase CC, including carbon emissions from various energy consumption by mechanical equipment used in manual and mechanical demolition;

[0012] The carbon emissions per unit area of ​​the prefabricated building during its entire service life are calculated.

[0013] Preferably, the carbon emissions generated during the production and transportation of the building materials are JC Calculate as follows:

[0014] C JC =C SC +C YS (1-1)

[0015] Where:

[0016] C SC ——Carbon emissions generated during the production of building materials (kgCO2);

[0017] C YS ——Carbon emissions generated during the transportation of building materials (kgCO2);

[0018] Among them, the carbon emissions generated in the building materials production stage are C SC Calculate as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Where:

[0021] M i ——Consumption of the ith main building material;

[0022] F i ——Carbon emission factor of the i-th main building material (kgCO2 / unit of building material);

[0023] Among them, the carbon emissions generated during the construction materials transportation stage are C YS Calculate as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Where:

[0026] M i ——Consumption of the ith main building material;

[0027] D i ——Average transportation distance of the i-th main building material (km);

[0028] T i ——Carbon emission factor per unit weight and transportation distance under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material (kgCO2 / (t·km)).

[0029] Preferably, the carbon emission factor F of the i-th main building material is i Calculate as follows:

[0030] F i =F ycl +F ny +F ys +F zj (1-4)

[0031] Where:

[0032] F ycl ——The production of building materials involves the mining of raw materials and carbon emissions during the production process;

[0033] F ny ——The production of building materials involves the extraction of energy and carbon emissions during the production process;

[0034] F ys - Carbon emissions from the transportation of raw materials and energy involved in the production of building materials;

[0035] F zj ——Direct carbon emissions from the production process of building materials.

[0036] Preferably, the carbon emissions generated during the assembly processing and transportation phase are ZPJ Calculate as follows:

[0037] C ZPJ =C NH +C ZYS (2-1)

[0038] Where:

[0039] C NH ——Carbon emissions from energy consumption during the assembly process (kgCO2);

[0040] C ZYS ——Carbon emissions generated during the transportation of assembly parts (kgCO2);

[0041] Among them, the carbon emissions generated by the energy consumption during the assembly process C NH Calculate as follows:

[0042]

[0043] Where:

[0044] P i ——the consumption of the i-th energy source;

[0045] F i ——Carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / unit of building materials);

[0046] Among them, the carbon emissions generated during the transportation of the assembly parts are C ZYS Calculate as follows:

[0047]

[0048] Where:

[0049] M i ——Consumption of the ith main building material;

[0050] D i ——Average transportation distance of the i-th main building material (km);

[0051] T i ——Carbon emission factor per unit weight and transportation distance under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material (kgCO2 / (t·km)).

[0052] Preferably, the carbon emissions generated during the construction phase of the building are JZ Calculate as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Where:

[0055] C JZ ——Carbon emissions generated during the construction phase of the building (kgCO2);

[0056] E jz,i ——The i-th energy consumption during the building construction phase (kWh or kg);

[0057] EF i ——Carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / kWh or kgCO2 / kg); where the i-th energy consumption E during the construction phase of the building is jz,i Calculate as follows:

[0058] E jz,i =E fx,i +E cs,i (3-2) Where:

[0059] E fx,i ——The consumption of the i-th energy of each part of the project (kWh or kg);

[0060] E cs,i ——Energy consumption of the ith type of the measure (kWh or kg).

[0061] Preferably, the energy consumption of the ith type of the sub-project is calculated as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where:

[0064] Q fx,i ——the engineering quantity of the ith item in the sub-item project;

[0065] f fx,i ——Energy consumption coefficient of the ith item in the sub-item project (kWh / unit of measurement of project quantity);

[0066] T i,j ——The consumption of the jth type of construction machinery for the i-th project (machine-shift);

[0067] R j ——Energy consumption per unit shift of the jth type of construction machinery in the ith project (kWh / shift);

[0068] E jj,i ——In the i-th project, the energy consumed by small construction machinery is included in the partial energy consumption of materials (kWh), but not in its machine-hour consumption;

[0069] i——the project number in the sub-project;

[0070] j——Serial number of construction machinery.

[0071] And / or, the energy consumption of the i-th type of the measure project is calculated as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Where:

[0074] Q cs,i ——the workload of the ith item in the measure project;

[0075] f cs,i ——Energy consumption coefficient of the ith item in the measure project (kWh / unit of engineering quantity);

[0076] T A-i,j ——The consumption of the jth type of construction machinery per unit of engineering work for the ith measure project (machine-shift);

[0077] R j ——Energy consumption per unit shift of the jth type of construction machinery in the ith measure project (kWh / shift);

[0078] i——measure item number;

[0079] j——Serial number of construction machinery.

[0080] Preferably, the carbon emissions generated during the building operation and maintenance phase are YW Calculate as follows:

[0081] C YW =C YX +C WH (4-1)

[0082] C YX =C D +C HS +C S -C KZS (4-2)

[0083] C WH =C JCSY -C TH (4-3) Where:

[0084] C YX - Carbon emissions from the energy required for the operation of building equipment;

[0085] C WH - Carbon emissions from the energy required for building equipment maintenance;

[0086] C D ——Carbon emissions from electricity use during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2);

[0087] C HS ——Carbon emissions from the use of fossil energy during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2);

[0088] C S ——Carbon emissions from water and energy use during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2);

[0089] C KZS ——Carbon emissions from renewable energy during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2);

[0090] C JCSY ——Carbon emissions from the use of building materials during building maintenance and renovation (kgCO2);

[0091] C TH ——Total carbon sequestration within the planning scope over the past 40 years (kgCO2).

[0092] Preferably, the carbon emissions generated during the building demolition phase are CC Calculate as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Where:

[0095] C CC ——Carbon emissions from building demolition (kgCO2 / m 2 );

[0096] E cc,i ——The i-th energy consumption during the building demolition phase (kWh or kg);

[0097] EF i ——Carbon emission factor of the ith energy source (kgCO2 / kWh).

[0098] Preferably, the total energy consumption E during the building demolition phase is cc Calculate as follows:

[0099]

[0100] Where:

[0101] Q cc,i ——the engineering volume of the ith demolition project;

[0102] f cc,i ——Energy consumption coefficient per measurement unit of the ith demolition project (kWh / project measurement unit or kg / project measurement unit);

[0103] T B-i,j ——The consumption of the jth type of construction machinery per unit of work for the i-th demolition project;

[0104] R j ——Energy consumption per unit shift of the jth type of construction machinery in the ith demolition project;

[0105] i——demolition project serial number;

[0106] j——serial number of construction machinery;

[0107] E jj,i ——In the i-th demolition project, the energy consumed by small construction machinery is included in the partial energy consumption of materials, but is not included in the machine-hour consumption.

[0108] Preferably, the carbon emissions per unit area generated by the prefabricated building during its entire service life are C FY Calculate as follows:

[0109]

[0110] Where:

[0111] C FY ——Carbon emissions per unit area during the service life of the building (kgCO2 / m 2 );

[0112] A——Building area (m 2 ).

[0113] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are as follows: the present invention proposes a method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings, which calculates the carbon emissions of a prefabricated building from nothing (zero) to something (built) to nothing (demolished), that is, the entire construction and service period. Specifically, (1) the calculation method provided by the present invention is simple and easy to understand, providing a more accurate calculation method for carbon emissions accounting of prefabricated buildings, accurately and easily calculating the carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings throughout their life cycle, and improving the carbon emission calculation model in the construction field; (2) by accurately and reasonably calculating carbon emissions, it can promote the development of prefabricated buildings and lay a solid theoretical foundation for the subsequent control of carbon emissions.

[0114] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of the present invention does not mean that multiple or all of the above-mentioned beneficial effects must be possessed or achieved at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0115] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0116] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment in size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0117] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for calculating carbon emissions from prefabricated buildings according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0118] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their description are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0119] It should be understood that the terms "include / comprise", "consist of..." or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, device, process or method that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also may include other elements not explicitly listed when necessary, or also includes elements inherent to such product, device, process or method. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include / comprise...", "consist of..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product, device, process or method that includes the elements.

[0120] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0121] Prefabricated buildings are mainly manufactured by pre-manufacturing building components in factories or other production sites, and then transporting these components to the construction site for assembly and installation. During the entire construction and service period, carbon emissions will be generated in each link. The present invention proposes a method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings, which calculates the carbon emissions of a prefabricated building from nothing (zero) - with (built) - nothing (demolished), that is, the entire construction and service period, providing a more accurate calculation method for carbon emission accounting of prefabricated buildings, and realizing accurate carbon emission accounting of prefabricated building processes. The recycling stage after the demolition of building materials is not considered.

[0122] The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with preferred embodiments.

[0123] See also Figure 1 In the flowchart shown, a method 100 for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings includes: S10, calculating the carbon emissions C generated in the production and transportation stages of building materials JC , including carbon emissions from the production of building materials C SC And the carbon emissions generated during the transportation of building materials C YS ; S20, calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the assembly processing and transportation stages ZPJ , including the carbon emissions C generated by the processing of building materials used in the assembly parts in the factory NH and the carbon emissions from transporting the assembly parts to the construction site ZYS ; S30, calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building construction phase JZ , including the carbon emissions generated by the completion of the construction of each sub-project and the carbon emissions generated during the implementation of various measures; S40, calculates the carbon emissions C generated during the building operation and maintenance stageYW , including the carbon emissions C generated by the energy required for the operation of building equipment YX and carbon emissions from energy required for building equipment maintenance WH ; S50, calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase CC , including carbon emissions generated by various energy consumption of mechanical equipment used for manual demolition and mechanical demolition; S60, calculate the carbon emissions per unit area during the entire service life of the prefabricated building.

[0124] The specific implementation of each link is explained in detail below.

[0125] In block S10, the carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials are calculated. JC , including carbon emissions from the production of building materials C SC And the carbon emissions generated during the transportation of building materials C YS .

[0126] For prefabricated buildings, the production and transportation of building materials are divided into two parts. The first part is the carbon emissions generated by the production of building materials required for assembly processing. JC11 and carbon emissions from transporting building materials to factories JC12 , which can be collectively referred to as C JC1 The second part is the carbon emissions C generated by the production of building materials required for non-assembly parts processing. JC21 and carbon emissions from transporting building materials to the construction site JC22 , which can be collectively referred to as C JC2 .

[0127] Calculation principle:

[0128] 1. The materials that should be included in the carbon emission calculation of the building materials production and transportation stage are: building main structure assembly materials, building envelope assembly materials, other building components and parts materials, etc. The determination of the main building materials included in the calculation should comply with the following provisions:

[0129] 1) The total weight of the main building materials selected shall not be less than 95% of the total weight of the building materials consumed in the construction;

[0130] 2) When the provisions of paragraph 1) of this article are met, building materials with a weight ratio of less than 0.1% may be excluded from calculation.

[0131] 2. The consumption of major building materials should be determined by consulting design drawings, purchase lists and other technical information related to the project construction.

[0132] 3. The actual transportation distance of building materials should be used as the transportation distance. When the actual transportation distance is unknown, the default value in Appendix E of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T 51366-2019 can be used.

[0133] 4. Carbon emission factor of building materials transportation stage (T i ) should include the direct carbon emissions from the transportation of building materials from the production site to the construction site and the carbon emissions from the production process of the energy consumed during the transportation process. i ) can be taken according to the default value in Appendix E of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T 51366-2019.

[0134] Specific calculation method:

[0135] In S10, carbon emissions generated during the production and transportation of building materials C JC Calculate as follows:

[0136] C JC =C SC +C YS (1-1)

[0137] Where:

[0138] C SC ——Carbon emissions generated during the production of building materials (kgCO2);

[0139] C YS ——Carbon emissions generated during the transportation of building materials (kgCO2).

[0140] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the carbon emissions generated in the building materials production stage C SC Calculate as follows:

[0141]

[0142] Where:

[0143] M i ——The consumption of the i-th main building material; it is easy to understand that the unit of consumption here varies with different building materials, for example, it may be weight unit ton (t), or volume unit cubic (m 3 ) may also be other units.

[0144] F i ——Carbon emission factor of the ith main building material (kgCO2 / unit quantity of building material).

[0145] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the carbon emissions generated during the transportation of building materials C YS Calculate as follows:

[0146]

[0147] Where:

[0148] M i——Consumption of the ith main building material;

[0149] D i ——Average transportation distance of the i-th main building material (km);

[0150] T i ——Carbon emission factor per unit weight and transportation distance under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material (kgCO2 / (t·km)).

[0151] For the carbon emission factor F of the i-th main building material i If there are measured values ​​or carbon emission factors that fit the actual situation, they can be used; or if there are detailed carbon emissions of the process, they can be calculated using the following formula (1-4); if none of the above data are available, the value can be taken according to Appendix D of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T 51366-2019.

[0152] Carbon emission factor F of the i-th main building material i Calculate as follows:

[0153] F i =F ycl +F ny +F ys +F zj (1-4)

[0154] Where:

[0155] F ycl ——The production of building materials involves the mining of raw materials and carbon emissions during the production process;

[0156] F ny ——The production of building materials involves energy extraction and carbon emissions during the production process;

[0157] F ys - Carbon emissions from the transportation of raw materials and energy involved in the production of building materials;

[0158] F zj ——Direct carbon emissions from the production process of building materials.

[0159] In block S20, the carbon emissions C generated during the assembly processing and transportation phase are calculated. ZPJ , including the carbon emissions C generated by the processing of building materials used in the assembly parts in the factory NH and the carbon emissions from transporting the assembly parts to the construction site ZYS .

[0160] Calculation principle:

[0161] 1. The transportation distance of assembly parts should give priority to the actual transportation distance. When the actual transportation distance is unknown, the default value in Appendix E of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T 51366-2019 can be used.

[0162] 2. Carbon emission factor of the assembly transportation stage (T i ) should include the direct carbon emissions from the transportation of the assembly from the production site to the construction site and the carbon emissions from the production process of the energy consumed in the transportation process. Carbon emission factor for the transportation stage of the assembly (T i ) When there is no reliable data source, the default value in Appendix E of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T 51366-2019 can be used.

[0163] Specific calculation method:

[0164] In box S20, the carbon emissions generated during the assembly processing and transportation phase are C ZPJ Calculate as follows:

[0165] C ZPJ =C NH +C ZYS (2-1)

[0166] Where:

[0167] C NH ——Carbon emissions from energy consumption during the assembly process (kgCO2);

[0168] C ZYS ——Carbon emissions generated during the transportation of assembly parts (kgCO2).

[0169] As a practical calculation method, the carbon emissions generated by the energy consumption during the assembly process are C NH Calculate as follows:

[0170]

[0171] Where:

[0172] P i ——the consumption of the i-th energy source;

[0173] F i ——The carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / unit of building materials) can be obtained according to Appendix D of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T 51366-2019.

[0174] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the carbon emissions generated during the transportation of assembly parts are C ZYS Calculate as follows:

[0175]

[0176] Where:

[0177] M i ——Consumption of the ith main building material;

[0178] D i ——Average transportation distance of the i-th main building material (km);

[0179] T i ——Carbon emission factor per unit weight and transportation distance under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material (kgCO2 / (t·km)).

[0180] In block S30, the carbon emissions C generated during the building construction phase are calculated. JZ , including the carbon emissions generated by the completion of the construction of each sub-project and the carbon emissions generated during the implementation of various measures and projects.

[0181] Calculation principle:

[0182] 1. The calculation boundary of carbon emissions generated during the construction phase of a building should comply with the following regulations:

[0183] 1) From the start of the project to the completion and acceptance of the project;

[0184] 2) Carbon emissions generated by the energy consumed during the use of machinery and equipment, small machines, temporary facilities, etc. within the construction site area should be included;

[0185] 3) Carbon emissions from on-site mixed concrete and mortar, and on-site manufactured components and parts should be accounted for;

[0186] 4) The construction of temporary facilities such as office space, living quarters and material warehouses used during the construction phase may not be included.

[0187] Specific calculation method:

[0188] In box S30, the carbon emissions generated during the building construction phase are C JZ Calculate as follows:

[0189]

[0190] Where:

[0191] C JZ ——Carbon emissions generated during the construction phase of the building (kgCO2);

[0192] E jz,i ——The i-th energy consumption during the building construction phase (kWh or kg);

[0193] EF i——Carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / kWh or kgCO2 / kg),

[0194] The value is taken from Appendix A of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T 51366-2019.

[0195] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the energy consumption of the i-th type of building construction phase E jz,i Calculate as follows:

[0196] E jz,i =E fx,i +E cs,i (3-2)

[0197] Where:

[0198] E fx,i ——The consumption of the i-th energy of each part of the project (kWh or kg);

[0199] E cs,i ——Energy consumption of the ith type of the measure (kWh or kg).

[0200] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the total energy consumption of each part of the project is E fx,i Calculate as follows:

[0201]

[0202] Where:

[0203] Q fx,i ——the workload of the ith item in the sub-item project;

[0204] f fx,i ——Energy consumption coefficient of the ith item in the sub-item project (kWh / project quantity measurement)

[0205] unit);

[0206] T i,j ——The consumption of the jth type of construction machinery for the i-th project (machine-shift);

[0207] R j ——Energy consumption per unit shift of the jth type of construction machinery in the ith project (kWh / shift), determined according to Appendix C of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T 51366-2019.

[0208] When verifying data, it can be determined according to empirical data;

[0209] E jj,i ——In the i-th project, small construction machinery and tools are not included in the machine-shift consumption, but

[0210] The energy consumed is included in the material's partial energy usage (kWh);

[0211] i——the project number in the sub-project;

[0212] j——Serial number of construction machinery.

[0213] As a practical calculation method, the total energy consumption of the measure project E cs,i Calculate as follows:

[0214]

[0215] Where:

[0216] Q cs,i ——the workload of the ith item in the measure project;

[0217] f cs,i ——Energy consumption coefficient of the ith item in the measure project (kWh / unit of measurement)

[0218] Bit);

[0219] T A-i,j ——The consumption of the jth type of construction machinery per unit of engineering work for the ith measure project (machine-shift);

[0220] R j ——The energy consumption per unit shift of the jth type of construction machinery in the ith measure project (kWh / shift) shall be determined according to the corresponding machinery category in Appendix C of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T 51366-2019;

[0221] i——measure item number;

[0222] j——Serial number of construction machinery.

[0223] In block S40, the carbon emissions C generated during the building operation and maintenance phase are calculated. YW , including the carbon emissions C generated by the energy required for the operation of building equipment YX and carbon emissions from energy required for building equipment maintenance WH .

[0224] Specific calculation method:

[0225] In box S40, the carbon emissions generated during the building operation and maintenance phase are C YW Calculate as follows:

[0226] C YW =C YX +C WH (4-1)

[0227] C YX =CD +C HS +C S -C KZS (4-2)

[0228] C WH =C JCSY -C TH (4-3)

[0229] Where:

[0230] C YX - Carbon emissions from the energy required for the operation of building equipment;

[0231] C WH - Carbon emissions from the energy required for building equipment maintenance;

[0232] C D ——Carbon emissions from electricity use during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2);

[0233] C HS ——Carbon emissions from the use of fossil energy during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2);

[0234] C S ——Carbon emissions from water and energy use during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2);

[0235] C KZS ——Carbon emissions from renewable energy during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2);

[0236] C JCSY ——Carbon emissions from the use of building materials during building maintenance and renovation (kgCO2);

[0237] C TH ——Total carbon fixation within the planning scope for 40 years (kgCO2), i.e. greening carbon sink.

[0238] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the carbon emissions C generated by the use of electricity during the operation of building equipment D Calculate as follows:

[0239] C D =AD D ×EF D (4-4)

[0240] Where:

[0241] AD D ——Building operation power consumption (kW·h);

[0242] EF D——Electricity carbon emission factor (kgCO2 / (kW·h));

[0243] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the carbon emissions generated by the use of fossil energy during the operation of building equipment, C HS Calculate as follows:

[0244] C HS =AD Y ×EF Y (4-5)

[0245] Where:

[0246] AD Y ——Fossil energy consumption of a certain item during the building operation and maintenance stage (tce);

[0247] EF Y ——Carbon emissions from the use of various fossil energy sources (kgCO2 / (tce));

[0248] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the carbon emissions generated by water energy use during the operation of building equipment C S Calculate as follows:

[0249] C S =E W ×F W +E W1 ×F W1 +E W2 ×F W2 (4-6)

[0250] Where:

[0251] E W ——Building tap water volume (m 3 );

[0252] F W ——Carbon emission factor of tap water treatment (kgCO2 / m 3 );

[0253] E W1 ——Building drainage (m 3 );

[0254] F W1 ——Carbon emission factor of wastewater treatment (kgCO2 / m 3 );

[0255] E W2 ——Building green water treatment capacity (m 3 );

[0256] F W2——Carbon emission factor of green water treatment in buildings (kgCO2 / m 3 );

[0257] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the carbon emissions generated by renewable energy during the operation of building equipment C KZS Calculate as follows:

[0258] C KZS =AD E ×EF D +AD F ×EF Y (4-7)

[0259] Where:

[0260] AD E ——Electricity converted from renewable energy (kW·h);

[0261] EF D ——Electricity carbon emission factor (kgCO2 / (kW·h));

[0262] AD F - Renewable energy reduces fossil energy use (tce);

[0263] EF Y ——Carbon emissions from the use of various fossil energy sources (kgCO2 / tce);

[0264] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the carbon emissions C generated by the use of building materials during building maintenance and renewal JCSY Calculate as follows:

[0265] C JCSY =AD Z ×EF Z (4-8)

[0266] Where:

[0267] AD Z ——Construction material consumption of a certain sub-item during the maintenance phase (kg);

[0268] EF Z ——Carbon emission factor of building materials (kgCO2 / kg);

[0269] As a specific calculation method that can be realized, the total carbon sequestration in the planning scope for 40 years is C TH Calculate as follows:

[0270]

[0271] Where:

[0272] S——Planting area of ​​different greening types (m 2 );

[0273] C pi ——Total carbon sequestration per unit planting area in 40 years under various green plant planting methods (kgCO2 / m 2 ).

[0274] In block S50, the carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase are calculated. CC , including carbon emissions generated by various energy-consuming powers consumed by mechanical equipment used in manual demolition and mechanical demolition.

[0275] Calculation principle:

[0276] 1. The time boundary for calculating carbon emissions during the demolition phase should be from the start of demolition to the end of the demolition and dismantling of the parts and their removal from the floor.

[0277] 2. The energy consumption for demolition by explosives, static demolition and mechanical overall demolition of buildings should be determined according to the special demolition plan.

[0278] Specific calculation method:

[0279] In box S50, the carbon emissions generated during the building demolition phase are C CC Calculate as follows:

[0280]

[0281] Where:

[0282] C CC ——Carbon emissions from building demolition (kgCO2 / m 2 );

[0283] E cc,i ——The i-th energy consumption during the building demolition phase (kWh or kg);

[0284] EF i ——The carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / kWh) is determined according to Appendix A of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019.

[0285] As a practical calculation method, the total energy consumption during the building demolition phase is E cc Calculate as follows:

[0286]

[0287] Where:

[0288] Q cc,i ——the engineering volume of the ith demolition project;

[0289] fcc,i ——Energy consumption coefficient per measurement unit of the ith demolition project (kWh / project measurement unit

[0290] Unit or kg / unit of measurement of engineering quantity);

[0291] T B-i,j ——The consumption of the jth type of construction machinery per unit of work for the i-th demolition project;

[0292] R j ——Energy consumption per unit shift of the jth type of construction machinery in the ith demolition project;

[0293] i——demolition project serial number;

[0294] j——serial number of construction machinery;

[0295] E jj,i ——In the i-th demolition project, small construction machinery and tools are not included in the machine-shift consumption.

[0296] However, the energy consumed is included in the partial energy usage of the material.

[0297] In block S60 , the carbon emissions per unit area generated during the entire service life of the prefabricated building are calculated.

[0298] Specific calculation method:

[0299] In box S60, the carbon emissions per unit area generated by the prefabricated building during its entire service life are C FY Calculate as follows:

[0300]

[0301] Where:

[0302] C FY ——Carbon emissions per unit area during the service life of the building (kgCO2 / m 2 );

[0303] A——Building area (m 2 ).

[0304] Finally, the carbon emissions per unit area of ​​the prefabricated building during its entire service life are calculated to facilitate comparison between different buildings and projects.

[0305] In summary, it can be seen that the carbon emission calculation method for prefabricated buildings provided by the present invention is used to calculate the carbon emissions of a prefabricated building from nothing (zero) to something (built) to nothing (demolished), which can achieve accurate carbon emission accounting for the prefabricated building process and provide reference and reference for promoting the improvement of prefabricated buildings and standard systems.

[0306] Although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Certain features described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in a single implementation in combination. On the contrary, the various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented in multiple implementations individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions from prefabricated buildings, characterized in that: include: Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials JC , including carbon emissions from the building materials production stage C SC And the carbon emissions generated during the transportation of building materials C YS ; Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the assembly processing and transportation stages ZPJ , including the carbon emissions C generated by the processing of building materials used in the assembly parts in the factory NH and the carbon emissions from transporting the assembly parts to the construction site ZYS ; Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the construction phase of a building JZ , including carbon emissions generated by the completion of the construction of each sub-project and the carbon emissions generated during the implementation of various measures and projects; Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building operation and maintenance phase YW , including the carbon emissions C generated by the energy required for the operation of building equipment YX and carbon emissions from energy required for building equipment maintenance WH ; Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase CC , including carbon emissions from various energy consumption by mechanical equipment used in manual and mechanical demolition; The carbon emissions per unit area of ​​the prefabricated building during its entire service life are calculated.

2. The method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon emissions generated during the production and transportation of building materials are JC Calculate as follows: C JC =C SC +C YS (1-1) In the formula: C SC ——Carbon emissions generated during the production of building materials (kgCO2); C YS ——Carbon emissions generated during the transportation of building materials (kgCO2); Among them, the carbon emissions generated in the building materials production stage are C SC Calculate as follows: Where: M i ——Consumption of the i-th main building material; F i ——Carbon emission factor of the i-th main building material (kgCO2 / unit of building material); Among them, the carbon emissions generated during the construction materials transportation stage are C YS Calculate as follows: Where: M i ——Consumption of the i-th main building material; D i ——Average transportation distance of the i-th main building material (km); T i ——Carbon emission factor per unit weight and transportation distance under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material (kgCO2 / (t·km)).

3. The method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The carbon emission factor F of the i-th main building material i Calculate as follows: F i =F ycl +F ny +F ys +F zj (1-4) In the formula: F ycl ——The production of building materials involves the mining of raw materials and carbon emissions during the production process; F ny ——The production of building materials involves the extraction of energy and carbon emissions during the production process; F ys - Carbon emissions from the transportation of raw materials and energy involved in the production of building materials; F zj ——Direct carbon emissions from the production process of building materials.

4. The method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon emissions generated during the assembly processing and transportation phase are C ZPJ Calculate as follows: C ZPJ =C NH +C ZYS (2-1) Where: C NH ——Carbon emissions from energy consumption during the assembly process (kgCO2); C ZYS ——Carbon emissions generated during the transportation of assembly parts (kgCO2); Among them, the carbon emissions generated by the energy consumption during the assembly process C NH Calculate as follows: Where: P i ——the consumption of the i-th energy source; F i ——Carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / unit of building materials); Among them, the carbon emissions generated during the transportation of the assembly parts are C ZYS Calculate as follows: Where: M i ——Consumption of the i-th main building material; D i ——Average transportation distance of the i-th main building material (km); T i ——Carbon emission factor per unit weight and transportation distance under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material (kgCO2 / (t·km)).

5. The method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon emissions generated during the construction phase of the building JZ Calculate as follows: Where: C JZ ——Carbon emissions generated during the construction phase of the building (kgCO2); E jz,i ——The i-th energy consumption during the building construction phase (kWh or kg); EF i ——Carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / kWh or kgCO2 / kg); Among them, the energy consumption of the i-th type in the building construction stage is E jz,i Calculate as follows: AND jz,i =And fx,i +E cs,i (3-2) Where: E fx,i ——The consumption of the i-th energy of each part of the project (kWh or kg); E cs,i ——Energy consumption of the ith type of the measure (kWh or kg).

6. The method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The energy consumption of the ith type of the sub-project is calculated as follows: Where: Q fx,i ——the engineering quantity of the ith item in the sub-item project; f fx,i ——Energy consumption coefficient of the ith item in the sub-item project (kWh / unit of measurement of project quantity); T i,j ——The consumption of the jth type of construction machinery for the i-th project (machine-shift); R j ——Energy consumption per unit shift of the jth type of construction machinery in the ith project (kWh / shift); E jj,i ——In the i-th project, the energy consumed by small construction machinery is included in the partial energy consumption of materials (kWh), but not in its machine-hour consumption; i——the project number in the sub-project; j——Serial number of construction machinery. And / or, the energy consumption of the i-th type of the measure project is calculated as follows: Where: Q cs,i ——the workload of the ith item in the measure project; f cs,i ——Energy consumption coefficient of the ith item in the measure project (kWh / unit of engineering quantity); T A-i,j ——The consumption of the jth type of construction machinery per unit of engineering work for the ith measure project (machine-shift); R j ——Energy consumption per unit shift of the jth type of construction machinery in the ith measure project (kWh / shift); i——measure item number; j——Serial number of construction machinery.

7. The method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon emissions generated during the building operation and maintenance phase are C YW Calculate as follows: C YW =C YX +C WH (4-1) C YX =C D +G HS +C S -C KZS (4-2) C WH =C JCSY -C TH (4-3) Where: C YX - Carbon emissions from the energy required for the operation of building equipment; C WH - Carbon emissions from the energy required for building equipment maintenance; C D ——Carbon emissions from electricity use during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2); C HS ——Carbon emissions from the use of fossil energy during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2); C S ——Carbon emissions from water and energy use during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2); C KZS ——Carbon emissions from renewable energy during the operation of building equipment (kgCO2); C JCSY ——Carbon emissions from the use of building materials during building maintenance and renovation (kgCO2); C TH ——Total carbon sequestration within the planning scope over the past 40 years (kgCO2).

8. The method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon emissions generated during the building demolition phase are C CC Calculate as follows: Where: C CC ——Carbon emissions from building demolition (kgCO2 / m 2 ); E cc,i ——The i-th energy consumption during the building demolition phase (kWh or kg); EF i ——Carbon emission factor of the ith energy source (kgCO2 / kWh).

9. The method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The total energy consumption during the building demolition phase is E cc Calculate as follows: Where: Q cc,i ——the engineering volume of the ith demolition project; f cc,i ——Energy consumption coefficient per measurement unit of the ith demolition project (kWh / project measurement unit or kg / project measurement unit); T B-i,j ——The consumption of the jth type of construction machinery per unit of work for the i-th demolition project; R j ——Energy consumption per unit shift of the jth type of construction machinery in the ith demolition project; i——demolition project serial number; j——serial number of construction machinery; E jj,i ——In the i-th demolition project, the energy consumed by small construction machinery is included in the partial energy consumption of materials, but is not included in the machine-hour consumption.

10. The method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon emissions per unit area generated during the entire service life of the prefabricated building are C FY Calculate as follows: Where: C FY ——Carbon emissions per unit area during the service life of the building (kgCO2 / m 2 ); A——Building area (m 2 ).

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