Miniaturized initiating explosive device power supply

Abstract

The invention discloses a design scheme of a miniaturized initiating explosive device power supply. The miniaturized initiating explosive device power supply comprises a small-capacity battery, a super capacitor, an energy management system, a control circuit and the like. The small-capacity battery and the super capacitor are mainly combined, the small-capacity battery is used for miniaturization design, and the super capacitor is used for instantaneous high current output, so that sufficient instantaneous current is provided for ignition while the size of the initiating explosive device power supply is reduced; meanwhile, the power supply is further provided with an energy management system and a control circuit, monitoring of voltage, current and the like in the charging and discharging process of the super-capacitor is achieved, and the super-capacitor is controlled to discharge after the microcontroller receives an ignition signal. The miniaturized initiating explosive device power supply has the advantages of being capable of being repeatedly used, small in placement size, high in discharge capacity, good in safety and the like in the ignition process, and the ignition requirements of most initiating explosive devices can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of pyrotechnic power supplies, and in particular to the research and implementation of miniaturized and efficient ignition of pyrotechnic power supplies. Background Art

[0002] Pyrotechnic devices refer to devices or materials that achieve specific functions by generating explosions, combustion or heat through chemical reactions or physical effects. The pyrotechnic power supply is a key component that provides starting energy for pyrotechnics. The working principle of pyrotechnics is usually to trigger chemical reactions through electrical energy or thermal energy, such as igniting gunpowder or starting an explosion reaction, which requires an instantaneous high energy input. Therefore, the pyrotechnic power supply must be able to provide an instantaneous high current output to trigger this reaction. Its design and performance directly affect the reliability and safety of pyrotechnics.

[0003] At present, the traditional power supply solution for pyrotechnics is mainly designed based on chemical batteries, which include disposable batteries and rechargeable batteries.

[0004] For disposable batteries, this type of pyrotechnic power source is disposable and is often used in disposable pyrotechnic systems. Because disposable batteries have a low self-discharge rate, they are suitable for pyrotechnics that need to store energy for a long time and be triggered at a specific moment. Thermal batteries are a type of disposable battery that can provide extremely high instantaneous current output and are often used as power sources for military and aerospace pyrotechnic systems. They rely on built-in chemical materials to activate after heating and quickly generate electricity. However, the triggering mechanism of thermal batteries is relatively complex and the size is large, making them unsuitable for environments with insufficient space and excessively high temperatures.

[0005] For rechargeable and dischargeable batteries, lithium batteries or storage batteries are generally used as the power source of pyrotechnics. Lithium batteries have higher energy density than storage batteries. Under the same volume and weight, lithium batteries can provide larger energy reserves and are more suitable for pyrotechnic applications with limited volume and weight. Moreover, lithium batteries can achieve higher discharge power and output higher discharge current than storage batteries. However, their effective working time of discharge will also be reduced, and there will be obvious voltage drop after discharge. If the discharge frequency is too high, the current may not meet the requirements. Therefore, whether it is lithium batteries or storage batteries, the battery volume of both will be designed to be relatively large to meet the two requirements of large current instantaneous output and longer effective working time. It is also not suitable for some environments that require a relatively small volume of pyrotechnic power supply. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the traditional pyrotechnic power supply solution cannot be well applied to instantaneous large current occasions with strict volume requirements, the present invention provides a pyrotechnic power supply solution combining a small-capacity battery with a supercapacitor, including a small-capacity battery, a pyrotechnic power supply ignition unit circuit, and an energy management system; The small-capacity battery is a lithium battery, which serves as a charging power source for the supercapacitor; The ignition unit circuit of the pyrotechnic power supply includes a super capacitor, and a charge and discharge control circuit is implemented through a relay drive control circuit, so as to realize charging, ignition discharge and residual discharge of the super capacitor; The energy management system includes a voltage monitoring module, a charging management module, a current protection module, and a control circuit; Voltage monitoring includes monitoring the voltage data of small-capacity batteries and supercapacitors to determine the current power status; Charging management determines whether the supercapacitor needs to be charged based on the voltage data of the battery and supercapacitor; Current protection includes overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuits; The control circuit has display, control, communication and reset functions. It monitors and controls the energy of the entire ignition link by collecting analog quantities in a small-capacity battery and an ignition unit circuit, and performs timing control on each relay switch through a driving control circuit according to control requirements.

[0007] The miniaturized pyrotechnic power supply mainly combines small-capacity batteries and supercapacitors, where small-capacity batteries are used for miniaturized design and supercapacitors are used for instantaneous high current output, so that the size of the pyrotechnic power supply can be reduced while providing sufficient instantaneous current for ignition; at the same time, the power supply also has an energy management system and control circuit to monitor the voltage and current of the supercapacitor during the charging and discharging process, and use a microcontroller to control the supercapacitor to discharge after receiving the ignition signal. During the ignition process, it has the advantages of reusability, small installation volume, high discharge capacity, and good safety, and can meet the ignition needs of most pyrotechnics.

[0008] Specifically, the small-capacity battery uses a lithium battery as the charging power source for the supercapacitor and the power source for the control circuit. Lithium batteries have a higher energy storage density. The volume of lithium batteries is smaller than other batteries at the same battery capacity, which is very suitable for serving as a power source for miniaturized pyrotechnics; and lithium batteries can be recycled. After the power is used up, it only needs to be charged, and there is no need to disassemble and replace the battery. The lithium battery uses a low-resistance rechargeable battery with a specification of 28V-5000mAh, an output current of 1A, and a compact size, which ensures system power supply and supercapacitor charging while reducing the volume. The supercapacitor utilizes the instantaneous high current output of the supercapacitor to meet the instantaneous high current demand for ignition of pyrotechnics. When the supercapacitor needs to be ignited, it is instantly discharged through the switch controller. The relay can be used as a switching device to ensure that the supercapacitor is quickly discharged when needed and to ensure the discharge interval.

[0009] The capacity of the supercapacitor needs to be determined according to the ignition current requirements of the pyrotechnic device. The ignition current of the pyrotechnic device is generally , the discharge maintenance time is generally , because the supercapacitor discharge will cause a voltage drop, resulting in a decrease in output current, so the voltage drop during the supercapacitor discharge is required to be as small as possible. Ignoring the voltage drop caused by the IR drop of the power transmission network, the capacitance formula is: ; in, is the capacitance value of the supercapacitor; are the operating voltage and cut-off voltage of the supercapacitor respectively; is the current value of the discharge circuit; Discharge maintenance time.

[0010] It can be seen from formula (a) that the supercapacitor capacitance value The larger the discharge voltage drop The smaller the voltage drop, the less likely it is that the supercapacitor will be charged to the operating voltage. Energy storage formula: ; in, is the energy storage energy of the supercapacitor; is the capacitance value of the supercapacitor; are the operating voltages of the supercapacitors.

[0011] From formula (b), we can see that the capacitance value of the supercapacitor is The smaller it is, the less energy and time are required to charge to the corresponding working voltage under the same conditions. Therefore, based on formula (a) and formula (b), the capacitance value of the supercapacitor should not be too large or too small. If the capacitance value is too large, the supercapacitor will take a long time to charge and require more energy to charge. The capacity of a small-capacity battery may not meet the demand. If the capacitance value is too small, the discharge voltage drop of the supercapacitor will be large.

[0012] In summary, the supercapacitor specification is 27V-0.5F, and the ignition load resistor specification is 10W-2Ω. The ignition current is set to the supercapacitor operating voltage ; According to formula (a), the corresponding voltage drop range during the supercapacitor discharge process is , the voltage drop range does not exceed 10%; according to formula (b), the energy required to charge the supercapacitor to the corresponding working voltage is .

[0013] As the main control unit of the pyrotechnic power supply, the energy management system includes modules such as voltage monitoring, charging management, and current protection. Voltage monitoring includes monitoring the voltage data of small-capacity batteries and supercapacitors to determine the current power supply status; charging management refers to judging whether the supercapacitor needs to be charged based on the voltage data of the battery and supercapacitor. Since there is a voltage drop during the battery discharge process, the battery voltage must be higher than the rated voltage of the supercapacitor to ensure that the battery voltage is reduced to the required charging voltage of the supercapacitor, and overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuits are designed to ensure charging safety.

[0014] The energy management system can also evaluate the charging time and number of supercapacitors supported by small-capacity batteries. The corresponding energy required is , and we can know that the battery specifications are , the output current is 1A, then theoretically the amount of electricity required to charge to the corresponding working voltage for: ; in, The amount of electricity required; The energy required to charge to the corresponding voltage; is the lithium battery voltage; is the charging efficiency, which is generally a constant of 0.9.

[0015] Will and Substituting into formula (c) we get The formula for converting coulombs to milliamperes is: ; The lost battery capacity is 0.276~1.102mAh, which shows that the supercapacitor charging process has little power loss on small-capacity batteries and is suitable for long-term work. The time required for the supercapacitor to charge to the corresponding working voltage is as follows: ; in, The time required for charging; is the capacitance value of the supercapacitor; is the working voltage; Output current for small capacity battery.

[0016] From formula (e), we can get that theoretically, charging a 0.5F supercapacitor to The required charging time is , the charging time is shorter, and the energy management system can evaluate the charging status of the supercapacitor through the charging time and voltage value.

[0017] The control circuit monitors the voltage and current through a microcontroller (such as STM32) and controls the charging and discharging process of the supercapacitor. In standby mode, the microcontroller monitors the supercapacitor voltage and charges the supercapacitor by controlling the charging circuit until charging is complete; when igniting, the microcontroller detects the start signal of the pyrotechnic device and controls the supercapacitor discharge switch to discharge quickly.

[0018] In a second aspect, based on the miniaturized pyrotechnic power supply described in the above solution, an energy management method is proposed, comprising the following steps: System initialization; Perform voltage measurement and leakage current self-check on supercapacitor status; If there is leakage in the supercapacitor circuit, the residual discharge protection circuit of the supercapacitor is turned on and an error message is output; If a charging command is received, the relevant solenoid valve is switched on to charge the supercapacitor, and the voltage status is refreshed in real time until the voltage standard is reached; After the voltage reaches the standard, it enters the ignition preparation state, and the supercapacitor stops charging and enters the parking state; If the ignition command is received and the voltage reaches the standard, the system controls the relevant relays to perform timing control so that the supercapacitor discharges the current for a fixed time, and monitors the voltage and current of the ignition discharge process in real time; After ignition, the device will automatically perform self-check and battery capacity measurement, and calculate and evaluate the energy loss during the discharge process.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention utilizes a combination of a small-capacity battery and a supercapacitor to design an pyrotechnic power supply. The small-capacity battery is used for miniaturization design, and the supercapacitor is used for instantaneous high current output, so that the volume of the pyrotechnic power supply is reduced while providing sufficient instantaneous current for ignition; at the same time, the power supply also has an energy management system and a control circuit to monitor the voltage, current, etc. of the supercapacitor during the charging and discharging process, and uses a microcontroller to control the supercapacitor to discharge after receiving an ignition signal. The supercapacitor can be charged and discharged quickly multiple times, and the charging power requirement is small, but its discharge characteristics can provide a large current in a very short time, which is very suitable for instantaneous ignition or explosion-type pyrotechnics. At the same time, a small-capacity battery is used as a charging power source for the supercapacitor to reduce the module volume of the pyrotechnic power supply, and the energy management system and control circuit are integrated to ensure the safety, applicability and reliability of the pyrotechnic power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention has the following accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is the overall schematic diagram of the power supply for miniaturized pyrotechnics; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the charging and discharging principle of supercapacitors; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the analog quantity recovery circuit; Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the relay drive control circuit; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage acquisition and conditioning circuit; Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of the current acquisition and conditioning circuit; Figure 7 Implementing flow charts for energy management system software; Figure 8 This is the flow chart of ignition operation of pyrotechnic power supply; Fig. 9 This is a diagram of the pyrotechnic power module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the objects, advantages and features of the present invention more obvious, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 , 9 A specific embodiment of a miniaturized pyrotechnic power supply is shown, comprising three parts: a small-capacity battery, an ignition unit circuit of the pyrotechnic power supply, and a main control unit of the pyrotechnic power supply (energy management system and control circuit).

[0023] The small-capacity battery uses a lithium battery as the charging power source for the supercapacitor and the power source for the main control unit and the relay. Lithium batteries have a high energy storage density and are smaller in size than other batteries at the same battery capacity, making them very suitable for serving as the power source for miniaturized pyrotechnics. Moreover, lithium batteries can be recycled, and when the power is used up, they only need to be charged with a DC power source without having to disassemble and replace the battery.

[0024] The main control unit of the pyrotechnic power supply integrates display, control, communication and reset functions. It can monitor and control the energy of the entire ignition link by collecting analog quantities in small-capacity batteries and ignition unit circuits, and can perform timing control on each relay switch through the driving control circuit according to control requirements, thereby realizing intelligent and precise control of miniaturized pyrotechnic power supplies.

[0025] like Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the supercapacitor charging and discharging principle shown can realize the three functions of charging, ignition discharge and residual discharge of the supercapacitor.

[0026] The supercapacitor charging function means that when receiving a charging instruction, the main control unit first places the relay switch K2 in channel a and K3 in channel c, and then closes K1 for charging; the function of the current limiting protection resistor RS1 is to prevent the charging current from being too large after the switch is closed to damage the supercapacitor.

[0027] The supercapacitor ignition and discharge function, when the supercapacitor charging voltage meets the requirements, the main power switch K1 automatically cuts off the power and enters the parking stage. If an ignition command is received afterwards, the main control unit controls K1 to disconnect, keeps K2 unchanged in channel a, and places K3 in channel d for rapid discharge ignition. After the ignition process is completed, K3 is quickly placed in channel c.

[0028] The supercapacitor residual charge discharge function refers to that after the ignition process is completed, the main power switch K1 is disconnected, the relay switch K2 is placed in the b channel, and K3 is placed in the c channel to discharge the residual charge of the supercapacitor SC1 to ensure the safety of the pyrotechnic power supply after ignition.

[0029] like Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the analog quantity acquisition circuit shown mainly includes three parts: loop voltage measurement unit, loop current measurement unit and main control acquisition module.

[0030] The ignition voltage measurement function of the loop voltage measurement unit is realized by the voltage acquisition circuit at the entrance. The circuit is designed with an input impedance of 1MΩ. The voltage divider ratio of the two resistors R3 and R4 varies according to the resistance value of different pyrotechnic products. The voltage signal passes through a low-pass filter and a voltage follower and then enters a collection channel of the ADC module U3.

[0031] The ADC module uses an 8-channel single-ended ADS7828 to collect the voltage value at the measuring end. It has an 18-bit resolution, a voltage sampling range of 0 to 5 V, and a maximum sampling frequency of 250 kHz. The collected analog quantity is converted into a digital quantity and transmitted to the microprocessor. After calculation, the microprocessor can obtain the dynamic voltage change of the supercapacitor and the current pulse during the ignition discharge process, and then obtain the loop resistance during the discharge process, which can meet the needs of collecting the charging voltage of the pyrotechnic power supply, and collecting or calculating the output voltage, output current and loop resistance of the ignition circuit.

[0032] The loop current measurement unit has an ignition current measurement function realized by ADC collecting the divided voltage on the precision sampling resistor RM1. The divided voltage signal is compared by the measuring amplifier to obtain the pressure difference signal on RM1. The pressure difference signal then passes through a low-pass filter and an operational amplifier and then enters one collection channel of the AD.

[0033] The main control acquisition module is mainly a connection between a microcontroller and a peripheral ADC module. Considering that there are multiple signals entering the ADC, the ADC module uses an SPI bus and is connected to the microcontroller after isolation.

[0034] like Figure 4 The relay drive control circuit schematic shown uses an NPN transistor to drive the closing and opening of the relay switch.

[0035] The closing principle of the relay switch is that the microprocessor controls the base of the transistor T1 to be applied with a high level, and the transistor is turned on at this time, so that the relay electromagnetic coil K and the ground form a loop and are energized, and the corresponding switch Kn is attracted to close.

[0036] The disconnection principle of the relay switch is that the microprocessor controls the base of the transistor T1 to be applied with a low level, at which time the transistor is turned off, and the relay cannot form a loop with the ground wire and no longer attracts the corresponding switch K, so that the switch Kn is disconnected. Among them, the role of the diode D1 is to absorb the residual electromotive force of the relay coil when the transistor T1 is turned off to protect the transistor T1; the role of the resistor R13 is to form a voltage divider circuit with R11 to prevent the base voltage of the transistor T1 from being too large to extend the life of the transistor.

[0037] like Figure 5 The voltage acquisition and conditioning circuit schematic diagram shown uses a first-order active low-pass filter for signal filtering. Since the input voltage is large, the voltage signal conditioning circuit adjusts the collected voltage to a suitable range through resistor voltage division. The principle of resistor voltage division is to connect the input voltage in the loop, connect two precise resistors in series in the output circuit, and ground the signal at the end of the last resistor. The voltage in the middle of the two resistors can be measured to obtain the voltage signal after voltage division.

[0038] In order to reduce the impact of high-frequency noise voltage signals, it is necessary to perform low-pass processing on the divided signal. Here, a first-order active low-pass filter is designed. The advantage of this filter is that it has good filtering efficiency and is an active filter, which helps to improve the driving ability of the voltage signal and reduce the voltage loss of the voltage signal passing through the filter. The design is simple and easy to use. According to the cut-off frequency formula: ; The input signal can be analyzed by spectrum analysis first, and then suitable capacitors and resistors can be selected to effectively filter the high-frequency noise voltage signal. At the same time, the filtered voltage signal is connected to the voltage follower to further improve the voltage driving ability and the acquisition quality of the ADC module.

[0039] like Figure 6 The current acquisition conditioning circuit diagram shown in the figure uses the HGP path resistor acquisition circuit to measure the loop current. When the HGP path is connected to the external input voltage or the current source path is opened, a voltage difference will be formed across the precision resistor RM1. The current size of the loop can be calculated by acquiring the voltage across the sampling resistor in the loop.

[0040] After measuring the voltage difference value of the HGP resistor collected by the amplifier, a first-order active low-pass filter is used to filter and amplify the voltage difference signal. The advantage of this filter is that it has good filtering efficiency and is an active filter, which helps to improve the driving ability of the voltage signal and reduce the voltage loss of the voltage signal passing through the filter. It also has an amplification function and can realize the measurement and collection of tiny voltage difference signals. Therefore, the precision resistor can use a smaller resistance model to minimize the impact of the collected current on the voltage drop of the circuit.

[0041] like Figure 7The energy management system software execution flow chart shown in the figure. After the system is powered on, it is initialized first. After the initialization is completed, the voltage of the supercapacitor state is measured and the leakage self-check is performed. If there is leakage in the supercapacitor circuit, the residual discharge protection circuit of the supercapacitor is automatically turned on and the error information is printed on the display screen. During normal use, the system performs periodic analog quantity acquisition and display and judges the operating status. At the same time, the miniaturized battery power and the voltage, operating status, and discharge current of the supercapacitor are printed on the display screen; if a charging instruction is received, the switch related solenoid valve charges the supercapacitor, and the voltage status is refreshed in real time until the voltage standard is reached. This voltage standard can be set and adjusted to meet the ignition requirements of different currents. After the voltage reaches the standard, it enters the ignition preparation state, and the supercapacitor stops charging and enters the parking state. After that, if the execution ignition instruction is received and the voltage reaches the standard, the system controls the related relays to perform timing control to discharge the current of the supercapacitor for a fixed time, and monitors the voltage and current of the ignition discharge process in real time. After the ignition is completed, the equipment self-check and battery power measurement are automatically performed to calculate and evaluate the energy loss of the discharge process.

[0042] like Figure 8 The ignition operation flow chart of the pyrotechnic power supply is shown. After the system passes the initial self-test, when the pre-ignition charging instruction is not received, the main power switch K1 is disconnected, and the supercapacitor is in a power-off state; when the charging instruction is received, the main control unit first places the relay switch K2 in the a channel and K3 in the c channel, and then closes K1 for charging; when the supercapacitor charging voltage meets the requirements, the main power switch K1 automatically cuts off the power and enters the parking ignition preparation state. During this process, due to the self-discharge characteristics of the supercapacitor, its voltage will decrease. At this time, it can also enter the charging and replenishing state according to demand to replenish the supercapacitor voltage. After the voltage meets the standard, it enters the parking ignition preparation state again; when the ignition instruction is received and in the ignition preparation state, the main control unit controls to keep K1 disconnected, keep K2 unchanged in the a channel, and place K3 in the d channel for rapid discharge ignition. After the ignition delay is about 100ms, K3 is quickly placed in the c channel, and K2 is placed in the b channel according to demand to discharge the residual power to protect the power supply, or continue to charge for the next ignition task.

[0043] It should be noted that any process or method description in the embodiments may be understood as representing a module, fragment or portion of a code including one or more executable instructions for implementing steps of a specific logical function or process, and that the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which the functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0044] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps in the embodiments, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or equipment (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or equipment and execute instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or equipment. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or equipment, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or equipment. More specific examples of computer-readable media (non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wirings (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0045] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0046] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above-mentioned embodiment method may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one of the steps of the method embodiment or a combination thereof.

[0047] In addition, each functional module in the embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into a processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0048] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0049] The above embodiments describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, people familiar with the technical field can also make various changes accordingly, but any changes that are equivalent or similar to the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

Claims

1. A miniaturized pyrotechnic power source, characterized in that: Including small capacity battery, ignition unit circuit of pyrotechnic power supply, and energy management system; The small-capacity battery is a lithium battery, which serves as a charging power source for the supercapacitor; The ignition unit circuit of the pyrotechnic power supply includes a super capacitor, and a charge and discharge control circuit is implemented through a relay drive control circuit, so as to realize charging, ignition discharge and residual discharge of the super capacitor; The energy management system includes a voltage monitoring module, a charging management module, a current protection module, and a control circuit; Voltage monitoring includes monitoring the voltage data of small-capacity batteries and supercapacitors to determine the current power status; Charging management determines whether the supercapacitor needs to be charged based on the voltage data of the battery and supercapacitor; Current protection includes overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuits; The control circuit has display, control, communication and reset functions. It monitors and controls the energy of the entire ignition link by collecting analog quantities in a small-capacity battery and an ignition unit circuit, and performs timing control on each relay switch through a driving control circuit according to control requirements.

2. The miniaturized pyrotechnic power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercapacitor specification is 27V-0.5F; the ignition load resistor specification is 10W-2Ω; to meet the ignition current of 5A~10A, the supercapacitor operating voltage is set to 10V~20V.

3. The miniaturized pyrotechnic power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery is a low internal resistance rechargeable battery with a specification of 28V-5000mAh and an output current of 1A.

4. The miniaturized pyrotechnic power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection of the analog quantity is implemented by an analog quantity recovery circuit; It includes loop voltage measurement unit, loop current measurement unit and main control acquisition module; The loop voltage measurement unit is used to measure the ignition voltage. The voltage signal enters the acquisition channel of the ADC module after passing through a low-pass filter and a voltage follower. The loop current measurement unit is used to measure the ignition current. The ignition current measurement function is realized by collecting the divided voltage on the precision sampling resistor through the ADC. The divided voltage signal is compared by the measuring amplifier to obtain the differential pressure signal on the sampling resistor. The differential pressure signal then enters the collection channel of the ADC module after passing through the low-pass filter and the operational amplifier. The main control acquisition module: the connection between the microcontroller and the ADC module, the ADC module uses the SPI bus and is connected to the microcontroller after isolation.

5. The miniaturized pyrotechnic power source according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conditioning circuit after voltage acquisition uses a first-order active low-pass filter to filter the signal.

6. The miniaturized pyrotechnic power source according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conditioning circuit after current acquisition uses the HGP path resistance acquisition circuit to measure the loop current.

7. An energy management method, characterized in that: The miniaturized pyrotechnic power source according to any of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: System initialization; Perform voltage measurement and leakage current self-check on supercapacitor status; If there is leakage in the supercapacitor circuit, the residual discharge protection circuit of the supercapacitor is turned on and an error message is output; If a charging command is received, the relevant solenoid valve is switched on to charge the supercapacitor, and the voltage status is refreshed in real time until the voltage standard is reached; After the voltage reaches the standard, it enters the ignition preparation state, and the supercapacitor stops charging and enters the parking state; If the ignition command is received and the voltage reaches the standard, the system controls the relevant relays to perform timing control so that the supercapacitor discharges the current for a fixed time, and monitors the voltage and current of the ignition discharge process in real time; After ignition, the device will automatically perform self-check and battery capacity measurement, and calculate and evaluate the energy loss during the discharge process.

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