Perception terminal data access configuration method and system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a sensing terminal data access configuration method and system based on the Internet of Things, and the method comprises the steps: starting a terminal, carrying out the identity verification through a secret key, and updating the secret key at regular intervals; querying a database to identify the equipment type and the supported communication protocol; a user inputs or adjusts access parameters, wherein the access parameters are parameters related to platform or service access; querying a configuration rule in a database according to the equipment type to generate a configuration parameter; optimizing the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters by adopting an intelligent data transmission algorithm; the input or adjusted access parameters and the optimized configuration parameters are adopted, various kinds of data of the Internet of Things sensing terminal are sent to a server through a specified communication protocol, and data encryption is adopted during sending; various types of data of the Internet of Things sensing terminal are stored in a database after formats are unified. According to the invention, the operation complexity of a user is reduced, the delay of data transmission and signal interference are effectively reduced, and the packet loss rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of data access configuration, and more specifically, relates to a perception terminal data access configuration method and system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] The sensing terminal is a device that connects to the sensor network layer in the Internet of Things to collect data. Currently, intelligent sensing services are mostly in the form of sensing terminals and background servers. The background server receives detection data from several sensing terminals and processes the detection data to form businesses and services.

[0003] However, the existing sensing terminals are of various types, with inconsistent interface standards, complex data access configuration, and problems of delay and signal interference during data transmission. In addition, the dynamic management and configuration of terminals are difficult, which affects the flexibility and scalability of the overall system.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design corresponding technical solutions.

[0005] The existing patent with publication number CN114338734A proposes a perception terminal data access configuration method based on the Internet of Things, which includes the following steps: S10, the perception terminal sends an access request signal; S20, the access configuration processor matches the receiving perception terminal, and retrieves the corresponding perception terminal space matrix from the management server according to the access request signal of the perception terminal; S30, accessing the perception terminal into the perception terminal space matrix.

[0006] However, this patent only solves the problem of server access and data processing for a large number of perception terminals. When different models of perception terminals are accessed, they still need to be adapted according to their different interfaces, and there are problems of delay and signal interference during data transmission. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for configuring data access of a perception terminal based on the Internet of Things.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention proposes a method for configuring data access of a perception terminal based on the Internet of Things, which is characterized by comprising:

[0010] The perception terminal and the server are authenticated using a key, wherein the perception terminal is a sensor or actuator including a wireless transmission module;

[0011] Querying a database to identify the device type of the perception terminal after identity authentication and the communication protocol it supports; the information in the database includes: a device identifier of the perception terminal, device type information of the perception terminal, software version, configuration rules, and configuration file information;

[0012] The user inputs or adjusts access parameters, which include: data flow setting, connection timeout, and maximum number of retries;

[0013] Generate configuration parameters by querying the configuration rules in the database according to the device type of the sensing terminal and the communication protocol it supports; the configuration parameters include network connection parameters, data transmission frequency, and transmission protocol settings;

[0014] Use convolutional neural networks in TensorFlow or PyTorch frameworks to optimize the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters;

[0015] The various data of the IoT sensing terminal are sent to the server using the input or adjusted access parameters and the optimized configuration parameters, and data encryption is used during sending; the various data of the IoT sensing terminal include: environmental monitoring data, equipment status data, and operation instruction data;

[0016] All kinds of data received by the server from the IoT sensing terminal are stored in the database in a unified format.

[0017] Preferably, the identity authentication of the perception terminal and the server using keys is specifically as follows: verification is performed through public keys and private keys, wherein each IoT perception terminal will have a pair of public keys and private keys, and the public key is used to encrypt information, and the private key is used to decrypt. The device will sign with the corresponding private key when accessed, and the server will verify the validity of the signature through the public key. The public key and private key are generated through elliptic curve cryptography ECC, and the public key and private key are updated regularly.

[0018] Preferably, the query database identifies the device type of the identity-authenticated perception terminal and the communication protocol it supports, specifically:

[0019] The device type of the perception terminal is identified by identifying the device identifier and device type information of the perception terminal and comparing them with the device identifier and device type information of the perception terminal in the database. The device identifier of the perception terminal includes MAC address, serial number, and device ID. The device type information of the perception terminal includes device model and manufacturer information. Communication protocols include: MQTT, CoAP, HTTP / HTTPS, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and LoRaWAN.

[0020] Preferably, the configuration parameters are generated by querying the configuration rules in the database according to the device type of the sensing terminal and the communication protocol it supports, specifically:

[0021] Match the information in the configuration file with the corresponding configuration file information in the database, extract the corresponding configuration rules to generate the configuration parameters of the perception terminal; the configuration file is a file including the device parameters and communication protocol definitions of the perception terminal, which is used to initialize and configure the perception terminal. The name of the file is the device configuration file DCF or the access configuration file ACF; the configuration parameters include network connection parameters, data transmission frequency, and transmission protocol settings; the network settings include IP address, port number, and connection method; the data transmission frequency is the time interval between data collection and upload.

[0022] Preferably, the configuration rules are specifically:

[0023] The data transmission frequency is set to 5 seconds; the communication protocol selects the protocol supported by the perception terminal. If multiple protocols are supported, it is determined based on the device type of the perception terminal. If the perception terminal is a sensor, it is determined whether the device type of the perception terminal is a low-power device. If so, select Zigbee, otherwise select MQTT; if the perception terminal is an actuator, it is determined whether the response time of the device type of the perception terminal is less than 100s. If so, select HTTP, otherwise CoAP; if none of the above conditions are met, select MQTT; the network settings must comply with the corresponding communication protocol.

[0024] Preferably, a convolutional neural network based on the TensorFlow or PyTorch framework is used to optimize the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters, specifically:

[0025] The loss function of the convolutional neural network of the TensorFlow or PyTorch framework is:

[0026]

[0027] L=αL MSE +βL CRO

[0028] Among them, L MSE , L CRO are the mean square error MSE loss function and the cross entropy loss, n is the number of samples, y i is the i-th target value, f(x i ) is the i-th prediction value, α and β are the weights of the mean square error MSE loss function and the cross entropy loss function respectively, and their values ​​are all between [0,1], and α+β=1, which is set according to the transmission requirements. If the transmission requires a small delay, α is set closer to 1, and if the transmission requires a low packet loss rate, β is set closer to 1.

[0029] Preferably, the input or adjusted access parameters and optimized configuration parameters are used to send various types of data of the IoT sensing terminal to the server through a specified communication protocol, specifically:

[0030] Data is transmitted using bit synchronous transmission, a clock signal is used to ensure that the perception terminal and the server read the data at the same time, and a bit timing signal is introduced during the transmission process to control the sending and receiving time of the data; the bit synchronous control adopts a data framing method to divide the data into several frames, each frame consists of a frame header that identifies the start of the frame and the frame type, the transmitted data, and a frame trailer that identifies the end of the frame, and the data is encoded through error detection coding. The receiving end detects the coding, frame header, and frame trailer of the received data to detect its accuracy.

[0031] Preferably, data encryption is used during the sending, specifically:

[0032] Data encryption uses a pair of public and private keys for data transmission. The public key is used to encrypt the transmitted data, and the private key is used to decrypt it. The public and private keys are generated using the asymmetric encryption algorithm RSA. On the server, the hash function SHA-256 is used to calculate the data summary, which is a fixed-length string in the data, to verify the data.

[0033] Preferably, the various data of the IoT sensing terminal received by the server are stored in a database in a unified format;

[0034] The original formats of various data of the IoT sensing terminal include: JSON, XML, CSV, comma-separated text format, and binary format, and the data are uniformly converted into JSON or a unified time series format.

[0035] The second aspect of the present invention proposes a perception terminal data access configuration system based on the Internet of Things using the method described in the first aspect of the present invention, including the identity authentication module, the query module, the access parameter adjustment module, the configuration parameter generation module, the configuration parameter optimization module, the data transmission module and the data format conversion module, including:

[0036] Identity verification module: used to authenticate the perception terminal and the server using a key, wherein the perception terminal is various sensors and actuators including a wireless transmission module;

[0037] Query module: used to query the database to identify the device type of the perception terminal after identity authentication and the communication protocol it supports; the information in the database includes: the device identifier of the perception terminal, the device type information of the perception terminal, the software version, the configuration rules, and the configuration file information;

[0038] Access parameter adjustment module: used for users to input or adjust access parameters, including: data flow setting, connection timeout, and maximum number of retries;

[0039] Configuration parameter generation module: used to query the configuration rules in the database to generate configuration parameters according to the device type of the sensing terminal and the communication protocol it supports; the configuration parameters include network connection parameters, data transmission frequency, and transmission protocol settings;

[0040] Configuration parameter optimization module: used to optimize the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters using the convolutional neural network of the TensorFlow or PyTorch framework;

[0041] Data transmission module: used to send various data of the IoT sensing terminal to the server by using the input or adjusted access parameters and optimized configuration parameters, and data encryption is used during sending; various data of the IoT sensing terminal include: environmental monitoring data, equipment status data, and operation instruction data;

[0042] Data format conversion module: It is used to convert various data from IoT sensing terminals into unified formats and store them in the database.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that, compared with the prior art, the present invention performs data access configuration of perception terminals based on the Internet of Things, identifies the device type and the communication protocol it supports by querying the database; reduces the user's operation complexity, making the access process more intelligent, and the user only needs to enter or adjust the access parameters to complete the device configuration through simple steps; the present invention generates configuration parameters according to the configuration rules in the device type query database, and uses an intelligent algorithm to optimize the configuration parameters. The system can be adaptively adjusted, which can effectively reduce delays and signal interference and reduce packet loss rate, ensuring smooth data transmission and real-time performance; the present invention improves the compatibility of the system by formulating a unified data format standard to ensure that all received data complies with this standard, and does not require separate configuration for each device, thereby reducing maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in this application are only embodiments of a part of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the spirit of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a data access configuration method for a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things.

[0047] The perception terminal and the server are authenticated using a key, wherein the perception terminal is a sensor or actuator including a wireless transmission module;

[0048] Preferably, the method of enabling the perception terminal and the server to use keys for identity authentication is specifically as follows: verification is performed through public keys and private keys, wherein each IoT perception terminal will have a pair of public keys and private keys, and the public key is used to encrypt information, and the private key is used to decrypt. The device will sign with the corresponding private key when accessed, and the server will verify the validity of the signature through the public key. The public key and private key are generated through elliptic curve cryptography ECC, and the public key and private key are updated regularly.

[0049] Querying a database to identify the device type of the perception terminal after identity authentication and the communication protocol it supports; the information in the database includes: a device identifier of the perception terminal, device type information of the perception terminal, software version, configuration rules, and configuration file information;

[0050] Preferably, the query database identifies the device type of the perception terminal after identity authentication and the communication protocol it supports, specifically:

[0051] The device type of the perception terminal is identified by identifying the device identifier and device type information of the perception terminal and comparing them with the device identifier and device type information of the perception terminal in the database. The device identifier of the perception terminal includes MAC address, serial number, and device ID. The device type information of the perception terminal includes device model and manufacturer information. Communication protocols include: MQTT, CoAP, HTTP / HTTPS, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and LoRaWAN.

[0052] The user inputs or adjusts access parameters, which include: data flow setting, connection timeout, and maximum number of retries;

[0053] Generate configuration parameters by querying the configuration rules in the database according to the device type of the sensing terminal and the communication protocol it supports; the configuration parameters include network connection parameters, data transmission frequency, and transmission protocol settings;

[0054] Preferably, the configuration parameters are generated by querying the configuration rules in the database according to the device type of the sensing terminal, specifically:

[0055] Match the information in the configuration file with the corresponding configuration file information in the database, extract the corresponding configuration rules to generate the configuration parameters of the perception terminal; the configuration file is a file including the device parameters and communication protocol definitions of the perception terminal, which is used to initialize and configure the perception terminal. The name of the file is the device configuration file DCF or the access configuration file ACF; the configuration parameters include network connection parameters, data transmission frequency, and transmission protocol settings; the network settings include IP address, port number, and connection method; the data transmission frequency is the time interval between data collection and upload.

[0056] Preferably, the configuration rules are specifically:

[0057] The data transmission frequency is set to 5 seconds; the communication protocol selects the protocol supported by the perception terminal. If multiple protocols are supported, it is determined based on the device type of the perception terminal. If the perception terminal is a sensor, it is determined whether the device type of the perception terminal is a low-power device. If so, select Zigbee, otherwise select MQTT; if the perception terminal is an actuator, it is determined whether the response time of the device type of the perception terminal is less than 100s. If so, select HTTP, otherwise CoAP; if none of the above conditions are met, select MQTT; the network settings must comply with the corresponding communication protocol.

[0058] Use convolutional neural networks in TensorFlow or PyTorch frameworks to optimize the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters;

[0059] Preferably, a convolutional neural network based on the TensorFlow or PyTorch framework is used to optimize the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters, specifically:

[0060] The loss function of the convolutional neural network of the TensorFlow or PyTorch framework is:

[0061]

[0062] L=αL MSE +βL CRO

[0063] Among them, L MSE , L CRO are the mean square error MSE loss function and the cross entropy loss, n is the number of samples, y i is the i-th target value, f(x i ) is the i-th prediction value, α and β are the weights of the mean square error MSE loss function and the cross entropy loss function respectively, and their values ​​are all between [0,1], and α+β=1, which is set according to the transmission requirements. If the transmission requires a small delay, α is set closer to 1, and if the transmission requires a low packet loss rate, β is set closer to 1.

[0064] It should be noted that the convolutional neural network of this embodiment consists of an input layer, a convolution layer, a pooling layer and a fully connected layer; wherein this embodiment replaces the fully connected layer with a 1*1 convolution;

[0065] The convolution kernel size k of this 1*1 convolution is:

[0066]

[0067] Wherein odd is a set odd number, C is the channel dimension; b and σ are both set parameters, in this embodiment, σ is set to 3, and b is set to 2;

[0068] The various data of the IoT sensing terminal are sent to the server using the input or adjusted access parameters and the optimized configuration parameters, and data encryption is used during sending; the various data of the IoT sensing terminal include: environmental monitoring data, equipment status data, and operation instruction data;

[0069] Preferably, the input or adjusted access parameters and optimized configuration parameters are used to send various types of data of the IoT sensing terminal to the server through a specified communication protocol, specifically:

[0070] Data is transmitted using bit synchronous transmission, a clock signal is used to ensure that the perception terminal and the server read the data at the same time, and a bit timing signal is introduced during the transmission process to control the sending and receiving time of the data; the bit synchronous control adopts a data framing method to divide the data into several frames, each frame consists of a frame header that identifies the start of the frame and the frame type, the transmitted data, and a frame trailer that identifies the end of the frame, and the data is encoded through error detection coding. The receiving end detects the coding, frame header, and frame trailer of the received data to detect its accuracy.

[0071] Preferably, data encryption is used during the sending, specifically:

[0072] Data encryption uses a pair of public and private keys for data transmission. The public key is used to encrypt the transmitted data, and the private key is used to decrypt it. The public and private keys are generated using the asymmetric encryption algorithm RSA. On the server, the hash function SHA-256 is used to calculate the data summary, which is a fixed-length string in the data, to verify the data.

[0073] All kinds of data received by the server from the IoT sensing terminal are stored in the database in a unified format.

[0074] Preferably, the various data of the IoT sensing terminal received by the server are stored in a database in a unified format;

[0075] The original formats of various data of the IoT sensing terminal include: JSON, XML, CSV, comma-separated text format, and binary format, and the data are uniformly converted into JSON or a unified time series format.

[0076] Embodiment 2 of the present invention proposes a perception terminal data access configuration system based on the Internet of Things using the method described in Embodiment 1, including the identity authentication module, the query module, the access parameter adjustment module, the configuration parameter generation module, the configuration parameter optimization module, the data transmission module and the data format conversion module, including:

[0077] Identity verification module: used to authenticate the perception terminal and the server using a key, wherein the perception terminal is various sensors and actuators including a wireless transmission module;

[0078] Query module: used to query the database to identify the device type of the perception terminal after identity authentication and the communication protocol it supports; the information in the database includes: the device identifier of the perception terminal, the device type information of the perception terminal, the software version, the configuration rules, and the configuration file information;

[0079] Access parameter adjustment module: used for users to input or adjust access parameters, including: data flow setting, connection timeout, and maximum number of retries;

[0080] Configuration parameter generation module: used to query the configuration rules in the database to generate configuration parameters according to the device type of the sensing terminal and the communication protocol it supports; the configuration parameters include network connection parameters, data transmission frequency, and transmission protocol settings;

[0081] Configuration parameter optimization module: used to optimize the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters using the convolutional neural network of the TensorFlow or PyTorch framework;

[0082] Data transmission module: used to send various data of the IoT sensing terminal to the server by using the input or adjusted access parameters and optimized configuration parameters, and data encryption is used during sending; various data of the IoT sensing terminal include: environmental monitoring data, equipment status data, and operation instruction data;

[0083] Data format conversion module: It is used to convert various data from IoT sensing terminals into unified formats and store them in the database.

[0084] The present disclosure may be a system, a method and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0085] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a raised structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium is not to be interpreted as a transient signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., a light pulse through a fiber optic cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0086] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0087] The computer program instructions for performing the operation of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. Computer-readable program instructions may be executed completely on a user's computer, partially on a user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or completely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet). In some embodiments, an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), may be customized by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions, and the electronic circuit may execute the computer-readable program instructions, thereby realizing various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for configuring data access of a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: include: The perception terminal and the server are authenticated using a key, wherein the perception terminal is a sensor or actuator including a wireless transmission module; Querying a database to identify the device type of the perception terminal after identity authentication and the communication protocol it supports; the information in the database includes: a device identifier of the perception terminal, device type information of the perception terminal, software version, configuration rules, and configuration file information; The user inputs or adjusts access parameters, which include: data flow setting, connection timeout, and maximum number of retries; Generate configuration parameters by querying the configuration rules in the database according to the device type of the sensing terminal and the communication protocol it supports; the configuration parameters include network connection parameters, data transmission frequency, and transmission protocol settings; Use convolutional neural networks in TensorFlow or PyTorch frameworks to optimize the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters; The various data of the IoT sensing terminal are sent to the server using the input or adjusted access parameters and the optimized configuration parameters, and data encryption is used during sending; the various data of the IoT sensing terminal include: environmental monitoring data, equipment status data, and operation instruction data; All kinds of data received by the server from the IoT sensing terminal are stored in the database in a unified format.

2. According to claim 1, a method for configuring data access of a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things is characterized in that: The specific method of using keys for identity authentication of the sensing terminal and the server is as follows: verification is performed through public keys and private keys, wherein each IoT sensing terminal will have a pair of public keys and private keys, and the public key is used to encrypt information, and the private key is used to decrypt. The device will use the corresponding private key to sign when accessed, and the server will verify the validity of the signature through the public key. The public key and private key are generated through elliptic curve cryptography ECC, and the public key and private key are updated regularly.

3. According to the method for configuring data access of a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things in claim 1, it is characterized in that: The query database identifies the device type of the perception terminal after identity authentication and the communication protocol it supports, specifically: The device type of the perception terminal is identified by identifying the device identifier and the device type information of the perception terminal, and comparing them with the device identifier and the device type information of the perception terminal in the database. The device identifier of the perception terminal includes the MAC address, serial number, and device ID. The device type information of the perception terminal includes the device model and manufacturer information. Communication protocols include: MQTT, CoAP, HTTP / HTTPS, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and LoRaWAN.

4. According to claim 1, a method for configuring data access of a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things is characterized in that: The configuration parameters are generated by querying the configuration rules in the database according to the device type of the sensing terminal and the communication protocol it supports, specifically: Match the information in the configuration file with the corresponding configuration file information in the database, extract the corresponding configuration rules to generate the configuration parameters of the perception terminal; the configuration file is a file including the device parameters and communication protocol definitions of the perception terminal, which is used to initialize and configure the perception terminal. The name of the file is the device configuration file DCF or the access configuration file ACF; the configuration parameters include network connection parameters, data transmission frequency, and transmission protocol settings; the network settings include IP address, port number, and connection method; the data transmission frequency is the time interval between data collection and upload.

5. The method for configuring data access of a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The configuration rules are specifically: The data transmission frequency is set to 5 seconds; the communication protocol selects the protocol supported by the perception terminal. If multiple protocols are supported, it is determined based on the device type of the perception terminal. If the perception terminal is a sensor, it is determined whether the device type of the perception terminal is a low-power device. If so, select Zigbee, otherwise select MQTT; if the perception terminal is an actuator, it is determined whether the response time of the device type of the perception terminal is less than 100s. If so, select HTTP, otherwise CoAP; if none of the above conditions are met, select MQTT; the network settings must comply with the corresponding communication protocol.

6. The method for configuring data access of a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things according to claim 5, characterized in that: The convolutional neural network using TensorFlow or PyTorch framework is used to optimize the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters, specifically: The loss function of the convolutional neural network of the TensorFlow or PyTorch framework is: L=αL MSE +βL CRO Among them, L MSE , L CRO are the mean square error MSE loss function and the cross entropy loss, n is the number of samples, y i is the i-th target value, f(x i ) is the i-th prediction value, α and β are the weights of the mean square error MSE loss function and the cross entropy loss function respectively, and their values ​​are all between [0,1], and α+β=1, which is set according to the transmission requirements. If the transmission requires a small delay, α is set closer to 1, and if the transmission requires a low packet loss rate, β is set closer to 1.

7. The method for configuring data access of a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things according to claim 6, characterized in that: The input or adjusted access parameters and optimized configuration parameters are used to send various data of the IoT sensing terminal to the server through a specified communication protocol, specifically: Data is transmitted using bit synchronous transmission, a clock signal is used to ensure that the perception terminal and the server read the data at the same time, and a bit timing signal is introduced during the transmission process to control the sending and receiving time of the data; the bit synchronous control adopts a data framing method to divide the data into several frames, each frame consists of a frame header that identifies the start of the frame and the frame type, the transmitted data, and a frame trailer that identifies the end of the frame, and the data is encoded through error detection coding. The receiving end detects the coding, frame header, and frame trailer of the received data to detect its accuracy.

8. The method for configuring data access of a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things according to claim 6, characterized in that: The data is encrypted during the sending, specifically: Data encryption uses a pair of public and private keys for data transmission. The public key is used to encrypt the transmitted data, and the private key is used to decrypt it. The public and private keys are generated using the asymmetric encryption algorithm RSA. And on the server, the hash function SHA-256 is used to calculate the digest of the data, where the digest is a string of fixed length in the data, to verify the data.

9. The method for configuring data access of a sensing terminal based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The server stores various data of the IoT sensing terminal received by the server in a unified format in the database; The original formats of various data of the IoT sensing terminal include: JSON, XML, CSV, comma-separated text format, binary format, and the data are uniformly converted into JSON or a unified time series format.

10. A perception terminal data access configuration system based on the Internet of Things using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the identity authentication module, the query module, the access parameter adjustment module, the configuration parameter generation module, the configuration parameter optimization module, the data transmission module and the data format conversion module, characterized in that: Identity verification module: used to authenticate the perception terminal and the server using a key, wherein the perception terminal is various sensors and actuators including a wireless transmission module; Query module: used to query the database to identify the device type of the perception terminal after identity authentication and the communication protocol it supports; the information in the database includes: the device identifier of the perception terminal, the device type information of the perception terminal, the software version, the configuration rules, and the configuration file information; Access parameter adjustment module: used for users to input or adjust access parameters, including: data flow setting, connection timeout, and maximum number of retries; Configuration parameter generation module: used to query the configuration rules in the database to generate configuration parameters according to the device type of the sensing terminal and the communication protocol it supports; the configuration parameters include network connection parameters, data transmission frequency, and transmission protocol settings; Configuration parameter optimization module: used to optimize the data transmission frequency in the configuration parameters using the convolutional neural network of the TensorFlow or PyTorch framework; Data transmission module: used to send various data of the IoT sensing terminal to the server by using the input or adjusted access parameters and optimized configuration parameters, and data encryption is used during sending; various data of the IoT sensing terminal include: environmental monitoring data, equipment status data, and operation instruction data; Data format conversion module: It is used to convert various data from IoT sensing terminals into unified formats and store them in the database.

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