Corrosion-resistant process and system for supercritical hydrothermal oxidation staged treatment of organic wastes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of supercritical water oxidation treatment of organic hazardous waste, and particularly discloses a corrosion-resistant process and system for supercritical hydrothermal oxidation staged treatment of organic waste, and the corrosion-resistant system for supercritical hydrothermal oxidation staged treatment of organic waste comprises a supercritical water oxidation unit, an oxygen supply unit and a waste heat utilization unit, supercritical hydrothermal treatment of organic waste is carried out in the supercritical water oxidation unit, the oxygen supply unit supplies oxygen to the supercritical water oxidation unit, and the waste heat utilization unit recovers waste heat. The structure of the reactor is further designed, so that the problem of corrosion of the reactor under the working condition of supercritical hydrothermal treatment is solved, hydrogen-rich gas is obtained in the supercritical water oxidation unit, the corrosion resistance of the supercritical hydrothermal oxidation stage treatment organic waste system is improved, deep degradation of ammonia nitrogen of the organic waste is further achieved, and the treatment effect is good. And the efficiency and environmental friendliness of the whole system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of supercritical water oxidation treatment of hazardous organic waste, and specifically discloses a corrosion-resistant process and system for supercritical water thermal oxidation graded treatment of organic waste. Background Art

[0002] The critical temperature of water is 374.3℃, and the critical pressure is 22.1MPa. Water with temperature and pressure exceeding the critical point is called supercritical water (SCW). SCW is a good reaction medium due to its high heat transfer and minimal diffusion restriction. Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is a method that uses the characteristics of supercritical water to achieve deep treatment of organic pollutants. SCWO reacts quickly, usually within a few seconds to a few minutes, it can degrade more than 99% of organic matter into benign compounds and small molecular compounds, such as CO2, N2, H2O, which are substances that do not pollute the environment. Various heteroatoms are also oxidized into corresponding acids or precipitated in the form of salts. Supercritical water oxidation technology for treating waste has the characteristics of high removal efficiency, short residence time, and no pollutants and by-products.

[0003] Although the supercritical water oxidation technology for waste treatment is highly efficient and thorough, it still faces many problems due to its harsh reaction conditions, such as equipment corrosion, catalyst selection, lack of data, inorganic salt deposition, process exothermicity, and thermodynamic research on the process has not yet begun. Among them, the most direct and important problem is the corrosion of equipment. The supercritical water oxidation reaction occurs under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and the corrosion of equipment such as reaction vessels is extremely serious, especially when there are Cl, Br, F halogen elements and S, P elements in the reactant flow, the corrosion is more severe. Therefore, the equipment corrosion problem caused by its harsh reaction conditions needs to be solved urgently. At present, the reactor is mainly made of alloy materials such as nickel-based alloys, titanium alloys and stainless steel, but comprehensive and local corrosion is still prone to occur, which may cause leakage or even explosion of the reactor in severe cases.

[0004] In addition, since the temperature and pressure of the supercritical water treatment reaction are both higher than the critical point of water, the preheating and cooling stages of liquid or slurry materials in the supercritical water treatment system must go through the transcritical water system. However, the actual operation of supercritical water treatment demonstration / industrialization equipment has shown that the risk of corrosion failure of equipment in service in the transcritical water system is the highest, which is a common key bottleneck problem that restricts the industrialization and promotion of many supercritical water treatment technologies. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a corrosion-resistant process and system for supercritical hydrothermal oxidation graded treatment of organic waste. The present invention designs the structure of the reactor to overcome the corrosion problem of the reactor under supercritical hydrothermal treatment conditions, and sets up a supercritical water oxidation unit to obtain hydrogen-rich gas, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the equipment. It also realizes the deep degradation of ammonia nitrogen in organic waste, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire supercritical hydrothermal oxidation graded treatment of organic waste corrosion-resistant system, ensuring the complete conversion of organic waste, and reducing the pollution of the environment by untreated organic matter.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation graded treatment comprises a supercritical water oxidation unit in which supercritical water thermal treatment of organic waste is carried out.

[0008] The supercritical water oxidation unit includes a material buffer tank, a product separator, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a reactor, a third heat exchanger, a product collector and a secondary reactor; the organic waste is stored in the material buffer tank; the product separator is used to separate the organic waste and obtain hydrogen-rich gas and hot fluid; the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are used to heat the hot fluid and exchange heat with the mixed fluid; the supercritical water heat treatment of the organic waste is carried out in the reactor, that is, the organic waste is oxidized; the heat exchange between the hydrogen-rich gas and the impurities discharged from the bottom outlet of the reactor is realized in the third heat exchanger; the product collector is used to collect the heat exchanged The impurities are cooled, and the secondary reactor is used for deep degradation reaction of ammonia nitrogen. The material buffer tank, the first heat exchanger and the product separator are connected through the first pipeline; the top outlet of the product separator is connected to the third heat exchanger through the second pipeline, the bottom outlet of the product separator is connected to the reactor through the third pipeline, and the product collector is connected to the third heat exchanger; the second heat exchanger is installed on the third pipeline; the third heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected through the fourth pipeline; the secondary reactor is installed between the fourth pipeline and the top outlet of the reactor through the fifth pipeline, and the connection between the fifth pipeline and the fourth pipeline is located between the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger.

[0009] The reactor includes a shell and a reaction unit. The reaction unit is arranged in the shell. The reaction unit includes a low-alloy rod and two ceramic separators. The low-alloy rod is installed in the reactor through a corrosion-resistant plug-in. The two ceramic separators are arranged on both sides of the low-alloy rod. The low-alloy rod has good heat storage capacity, which is beneficial to promoting the oxidation of organic waste. In addition, the low-alloy rod decomposes during the oxidation reaction and self-generates a catalyst, further realizing the degradation of ammonia nitrogen.

[0010] A plurality of electrode nodes are provided on the corrosion-resistant plug-in and the shell of the reactor. The low-alloy rod is electrically connected to the electrode nodes on the reactor shell through the electrode nodes on the corrosion-resistant plug-in as needed. The low-alloy rod is easily corroded. The low-alloy rod is used as the anode and the shell of the reactor is used as the cathode. The shell of the reactor is protected by galvanic corrosion in the form of a sacrificial anode.

[0011] Preferably, the ceramic separator is selected from an alumina-stabilized zirconia separator or a ceria-stabilized zirconia separator, and the ceramic separator allows the dilute fluid after the reaction to leave from the top outlet of the reactor, enter the secondary reactor through the fifth pipeline, and perform deep degradation of ammonia nitrogen.

[0012] Preferably, the low alloy rod is selected from a magnesium alloy rod, a zinc alloy rod, an aluminum alloy rod or a carbon steel rod.

[0013] Preferably, a check valve is provided on the fifth pipeline between the secondary reactor and the fourth pipeline to prevent the backflow of the dilute fluid.

[0014] Preferably, the corrosion-resistant system for supercritical water thermal oxidation graded treatment of organic waste also includes an oxygen supply unit and a waste heat utilization unit, which are jointly connected to the supercritical water oxidation unit, the oxygen supply unit provides oxygen to the supercritical water oxidation unit, and the waste heat utilization unit recovers waste heat.

[0015] Preferably, the waste heat utilization unit includes a first heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger and a solid-liquid separator. The first heat exchanger is installed on the first pipeline. A material pump is also provided on the first pipeline between the material buffer tank and the first heat exchanger to facilitate the discharge of materials in the material buffer tank. The second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger and the solid-liquid separator are connected in sequence through the seventh pipeline. The fourth heat exchanger can effectively recover the heat of the mixed fluid coming out of the first heat exchanger and use it to heat the external water. The mixed fluid is separated into products through the solid-liquid separator.

[0016] Preferably, a thermometer is provided on the first pipeline between the first heat exchanger and the product separator, and a switch valve is provided on the fourth pipeline bypass between the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger. The thermometer is interlocked with the switch valve, and the opening and closing of the switch valve is regulated by the temperature monitored by the thermometer.

[0017] Preferably, a COD meter is provided at the outlet end of the fourth heat exchanger, a first control valve is provided on the second pipeline, and the COD meter is interlocked with the first control valve. The COD is measured here to better reduce the dissolved oxygen of the fluid after the reaction, thereby reducing the degree of corrosion of the fluid equipment.

[0018] Preferably, the oxygen supply unit includes a liquid oxygen storage tank, a liquid oxygen pump and a liquid oxygen vaporizer, the sixth pipeline is connected between the oxygen storage tank and the reactor, the liquid oxygen pump and the liquid oxygen vaporizer are installed together on the sixth pipeline, and the liquid oxygen pump is located between the liquid oxygen storage tank and the liquid oxygen vaporizer.

[0019] The present invention also protects a process for a corrosion-resistant system for treating organic wastes by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen storage tank is transported to the liquid oxygen vaporizer by the liquid oxygen pump and vaporized, and then transported to the reactor.

[0021] The organic waste in the material buffer tank is first preheated by the first heat exchanger, and then enters the product separator for separation to obtain hydrogen-rich gas and hot fluid; the hot fluid enters the second heat exchanger through the bottom outlet of the product separator and is heated again, then enters the reactor, and after mixing with oxygen, the organic waste is subjected to supercritical hydrothermal treatment to obtain impurities and dilute fluid.

[0022] The hydrogen-rich gas is discharged through the top outlet of the product separator and exchanges heat with the impurities discharged from the bottom outlet of the reactor in the third heat exchanger. The impurities that have been cooled after the exchange are discharged into the product collector. The impurities have a high solid content. Under the action of centrifugal force, they flow into the third heat exchanger through the bottom of the reactor to exchange heat with the hydrogen-rich gas, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the heat and pressure of the hydrogen-rich gas and recovering the heat of the solid impurities. The impurities that have been cooled after the exchange are discharged into the product collector. The impurities discharged from the bottom of the reactor have a high solid content. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation or rapid change of direction of the fluid during the flow causes the solid particles to move to the bottom due to their heavy mass, thereby achieving solid-liquid separation.

[0023] The dilute fluid flows out through the top outlet of the reactor and undergoes a deep degradation reaction of ammonia nitrogen in the secondary reactor to obtain a degraded fluid. The degraded fluid is mixed with the hydrogen-rich gas after heat exchange to obtain a mixed fluid. The mixed fluid successively exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger, and then enters the solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation.

[0024] While the supercritical hydrothermal treatment of organic waste is being carried out in the reactor, the degradation reaction of ammonia nitrogen is also carried out under the catalytic action of the low-alloy rods. The dilute fluid obtained by the reaction enters the secondary reactor through the top outlet of the reactor under the action of the ceramic separator, and the ammonia nitrogen is deeply degraded.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention solves the problem of equipment corrosion during the supercritical water treatment reaction from two perspectives. First, the present invention heats organic waste in a gas collector and separator to obtain hydrogen-rich gas, which is mixed with a degradation fluid. The hydrogen-rich gas is used to consume the dissolved oxygen in the degradation fluid, thereby reducing the degree of corrosion of the fluid to the equipment; secondly, the reactor of the present invention uses a corrosive low-alloy rod as an anode and a reactor shell as a cathode. The shell of the reactor is provided with a plurality of electrode nodes. The low-alloy rod is electrically connected to the electrode node on the reactor shell through the electrode node on the corrosion-resistant plug-in, and the shell of the reactor is protected by a sacrificial anode through galvanic corrosion, thereby reducing the degree of corrosion of the reactor.

[0027] 2. The present invention provides a reactor, in which a corrosive low-alloy rod is provided, which reacts during the corrosion process and produces a catalyst for degrading ammonia nitrogen. The present invention also provides a secondary reactor, which deeply degrades the ammonia nitrogen in the dilute fluid. The reduction in ammonia nitrogen content can improve the efficiency of the entire corrosion-resistant system for supercritical hydrothermal oxidation graded treatment of organic waste, promote further transformation of organic waste, and reduce the pollution of the environment by untreated organic matter.

[0028] 3. The present invention not only realizes the supercritical water thermal treatment of organic waste, but also reduces the degree of fluid corrosion to equipment during the supercritical water treatment reaction, realizes the deep degradation of ammonia nitrogen in organic waste, realizes the recovery and utilization of waste heat, and has economic value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is an overall flow chart of the corrosion-resistant system for the supercritical water thermal oxidation graded treatment of organic wastes of the present invention.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1-liquid oxygen storage tank, 2-liquid oxygen pump, 3-liquid oxygen vaporizer, 4-sixth pipeline, 5-second pipeline, 6-first control valve, 7-material buffer tank, 8-material pump, 9-first heat exchanger, 10-first pipeline, 11-thermometer, 12-product separator, 13-third pipeline, 14-secondary reactor, 15-check valve, 16-fifth pipeline, 17-electrode node, 18-corrosion-resistant plug-in, 19-ceramic separator, 20-low alloy rod, 21-reactor, 22-third heat exchanger, 23-fourth pipeline, 24-second heat exchanger, 25-switch valve, 26-fourth heat exchanger, 27-COD meter, 28-seventh pipeline, 29-solid-liquid separator, 30-second control valve, 31-product collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "one side", "one end", "one side" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0037] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0038] Various structural schematic diagrams of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0039] Hereinafter, the corrosion-resistant process and system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] A corrosion-resistant system for supercritical water thermal oxidation graded treatment of organic waste, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a supercritical water oxidation unit, which includes a material buffer tank 7, a first heat exchanger 9, a product separator 12, a second heat exchanger 24, a reactor 21, a third heat exchanger 22, a product collector 31 and a secondary reactor 14; the material buffer tank 7 is connected to the product separator 12 through a first pipeline 10; the top outlet of the product separator 12 is connected to the third heat exchanger 22 through a second pipeline 5, and the product collector 31 is also connected to the third heat exchanger 22; the bottom outlet of the product separator 12 is connected to the reactor 21 through a third pipeline 13, and the second heat exchanger 24 is installed on the third pipeline 13; the third heat exchanger 22 and the second heat exchanger 24 are connected through a fourth pipeline 23; the secondary reactor 14 is installed between the fourth pipeline 23 and the top outlet of the reactor 21 through a fifth pipeline 16, and the connection between the fifth pipeline 16 and the fourth pipeline 23 is located between the second heat exchanger 24 and the third heat exchanger 22.

[0041] The reactor 21 includes a shell and a reaction unit. The reaction unit is arranged in the shell. The reaction unit includes a low-alloy rod 20 and two ceramic separators 19. The low-alloy rod 20 is installed in the reactor 21 through a corrosion-resistant plug-in 18. The two ceramic separators 19 are arranged on both sides of the low-alloy rod 20.

[0042] A plurality of electrode nodes 17 are provided on both the corrosion-resistant plug-in 18 and the shell of the reactor 21 , and the low-alloy rod 20 is electrically connected to the electrode nodes on the shell of the reactor 21 via the electrode nodes on the corrosion-resistant plug-in 18 .

[0043] Furthermore, a check valve 15 is provided on the fifth pipeline 16 between the secondary reactor 14 and the fourth pipeline 23 .

[0044] Furthermore, the corrosion-resistant system for supercritical water thermal oxidation graded treatment of organic waste also includes an oxygen supply unit and a waste heat utilization unit, and the oxygen supply unit and the waste heat utilization unit are jointly connected to the supercritical water oxidation unit.

[0045] Furthermore, the waste heat utilization unit includes a first heat exchanger 9, a fourth heat exchanger 26 and a solid-liquid separator 29. The first heat exchanger 9 is installed on the first pipeline 10. A material pump 8 is also provided on the first pipeline 10 between the material buffer tank 7 and the first heat exchanger 9. The second heat exchanger 24, the first heat exchanger 9, the fourth heat exchanger 26 and the solid-liquid separator 29 are connected in sequence through the seventh pipeline 28.

[0046] Furthermore, a thermometer 11 is provided on the first pipeline 10 between the first heat exchanger 9 and the product separator 12 , and a switch valve 25 is provided on the bypass of the fourth pipeline 23 between the second heat exchanger 24 and the first heat exchanger 9 , and the thermometer 11 is interlocked with the switch valve 25 .

[0047] Furthermore, a COD meter 27 is provided at the outlet end of the fourth heat exchanger 26 , and a first control valve 6 is provided on the second pipeline 5 . The COD meter 27 is interlocked with the first control valve 6 .

[0048] Furthermore, the oxygen supply unit includes a liquid oxygen storage tank 1, a liquid oxygen pump 2 and a liquid oxygen vaporizer 3, the sixth pipeline 4 is connected between the oxygen storage tank 1 and the reactor 21, the liquid oxygen pump 2 and the liquid oxygen vaporizer 3 are installed together on the sixth pipeline 4, and the liquid oxygen pump 2 is located between the liquid oxygen storage tank 1 and the liquid oxygen vaporizer 3.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A process for a corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation graded treatment comprises the following steps:

[0051] In the sixth pipeline 4 , liquid oxygen is transported from the liquid oxygen storage tank 1 to the liquid oxygen vaporizer 3 through the liquid oxygen pump 2 , and the liquid oxygen is transported to the reactor 21 after being vaporized in the liquid oxygen vaporizer 3 .

[0052] In the first pipeline 10, the organic waste is first preheated by the first heat exchanger 9, and then enters the product separator 12 for separation to obtain hot fluid and hydrogen-rich gas.

[0053] In the third pipeline 13, part of the hot fluid leaves the bottom outlet of the product separator 12 and enters the second heat exchanger 24. After being heated again, it enters the reactor 21, mixes with oxygen and performs supercritical hydrothermal treatment on the organic waste.

[0054] In the second pipeline 5 , the hydrogen-rich gas passes through the first control valve 6 from the top outlet of the product separator 12 and then exchanges heat with the impurities discharged from the bottom outlet of the reactor 21 in the third heat exchanger 22 .

[0055] In the fifth pipeline 16, the dilute fluid flows out through the top outlet of the reactor 21, and undergoes a deep degradation reaction of ammonia nitrogen in the secondary reactor 14 to obtain a degraded fluid.

[0056] In the fourth pipeline 23, the degradation fluid is mixed with the hydrogen-rich gas after heat exchange to obtain a mixed fluid. The hydrogen-rich gas consumes the residual dissolved oxygen in the degradation fluid. The mixed fluid then returns to the first heat exchanger 9 through the second heat exchanger 24 and transfers heat to the organic waste. After leaving the first heat exchanger 9, the mixed fluid enters the fourth heat exchanger 26 to exchange heat with the feed water outside the system to achieve the purpose of cooling and reducing pressure, and then enters the solid-liquid separator 29 for solid-liquid separation to obtain a recovered product.

[0057] The solid-liquid separator 29 is provided with a solid outlet and a liquid outlet. A second control valve 30 is provided at the solid outlet to control the discharge of the material.

[0058] A COD meter 27 is provided at the outlet end of the fourth heat exchanger 26, and a first control valve 6 is provided on the second pipeline 5. The COD meter 27 is interlocked with the first control valve 6. The COD meter 27 is used to measure the organic pollutants in the mixed fluid. When the COD is too high, the first control valve 6 is opened to allow more hydrogen-rich gas to mix with the degradation fluid to reduce the COD; a thermometer 11 is provided on the first pipeline 10 between the first heat exchanger 9 and the product separator 12, and a switch valve 25 is provided on the bypass of the fourth pipeline 23 between the second heat exchanger 24 and the first heat exchanger 9. The thermometer 11 is interlocked with the switch valve 25. When the temperature measured by the thermometer 11 is higher than 350°C, the switch valve 25 is adjusted to discharge part of the mixed fluid to control the temperature of the organic waste in the first heat exchanger 9 below 350°C.

[0059] The hot fluid enters the reactor 21 for supercritical hydrothermal treatment, and ammonia nitrogen is degraded simultaneously under the catalytic action of the low alloy rod 20. The low alloy rod 20 is electrically connected to the electrode node of the shell of the reactor 21 through the electrode node on the corrosion-resistant plug-in 18 to protect the shell of the reactor 21 and reduce the corrosion of the shell of the reactor 21. The ceramic separator 19 allows the dilute fluid after supercritical hydrothermal treatment to be discharged from the top opening of the reactor 21, and enters the secondary reactor 14 through the fifth pipeline 16 for deep degradation of ammonia nitrogen to obtain a degraded fluid. The degraded fluid then leaves the secondary reactor 14 and merges with the hydrogen-rich gas coming out of the bottom outlet of the third heat exchanger 22 through the check valve 15.

[0060] Under the action of centrifugal force, the impurities after the reaction containing more solids are discharged through the bottom outlet of the reactor 21 and enter the third heat exchanger 22 to exchange heat with the hydrogen-rich gas. After leaving the third heat exchanger 22, the impurities after the reaction containing more solids enter the product collector 31 for collection.

[0061] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they are also intended to be included.

Claims

1. A corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a supercritical water oxidation unit, wherein the supercritical water oxidation unit comprises a material buffer tank (7), a product separator (12), a first heat exchanger (9), a second heat exchanger (24), a reactor (21), a third heat exchanger (22), a product collector (31) and a secondary reactor (14); the material buffer tank (7) is connected to the product separator (12) through a first pipeline (10); the top outlet of the product separator (12) is connected to the third heat exchanger (22) through a second pipeline (5); the bottom outlet of the product separator (12) is connected to the reactor (21) through a third pipeline (10); 3), the product collector (31) is also connected to the third heat exchanger (22); the second heat exchanger (24) is installed on the third pipe (13); the third heat exchanger (22), the second heat exchanger (24) and the first heat exchanger (9) are connected via a fourth pipe (23); the secondary reactor (14) is installed between the fourth pipe (23) and the top outlet of the reactor (21) via a fifth pipe (16), and the connection between the fifth pipe (16) and the fourth pipe (23) is located between the second heat exchanger (24) and the third heat exchanger (22); The reactor (21) comprises a shell and a reaction unit, wherein the reaction unit is arranged in the shell, and the reaction unit comprises a low alloy rod (20) and two ceramic separators (19), wherein the low alloy rod (20) is installed in the reactor (21) through a corrosion-resistant plug (18), and the two ceramic separators (19) are arranged on both sides of the low alloy rod (20); The corrosion-resistant plug-in (18) and the shell of the reactor (21) are both provided with a plurality of electrode nodes (17), and the low-alloy rod (20) is electrically connected to the electrode nodes on the shell of the reactor (21) via the electrode nodes (17) on the corrosion-resistant plug-in (18).

2. The corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the ceramic separator (19) is selected from alumina-stabilized zirconia or ceria-stabilized zirconia.

3. The corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The low alloy rod (20) is selected from a magnesium alloy rod, a zinc alloy rod, an aluminum alloy rod or a carbon steel rod.

4. The corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A check valve (15) is provided on the fifth pipeline (16) between the secondary reactor (14) and the fourth pipeline (23).

5. The corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The corrosion-resistant system for supercritical water thermal oxidation graded treatment of organic waste also includes an oxygen supply unit and a waste heat utilization unit, and the oxygen supply unit and the waste heat utilization unit are commonly connected to the supercritical water oxidation unit.

6. The corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The waste heat utilization unit comprises the first heat exchanger (9), a fourth heat exchanger (26) and a solid-liquid separator (29); the first heat exchanger (9) is installed on the first pipeline (10); a material pump (8) is also provided on the first pipeline (10) between the material buffer tank (7) and the first heat exchanger (9); the second heat exchanger (24), the first heat exchanger (9), the fourth heat exchanger (26) and the solid-liquid separator (29) are connected in sequence via a seventh pipeline (28).

7. The corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A thermometer (11) is provided on the first pipeline (10) between the first heat exchanger (9) and the product separator (12), and a switch valve (25) is provided on the bypass of the fourth pipeline (23) between the second heat exchanger (24) and the first heat exchanger (9), and the thermometer (11) is interlocked with the switch valve (25).

8. The corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A COD meter (27) is provided at the outlet end of the fourth heat exchanger (26), a first control valve (6) is provided on the second pipeline (5), and the COD meter (27) is interlocked with the first control valve (6).

9. The corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oxygen supply unit comprises a liquid oxygen storage tank (1), a liquid oxygen pump (2) and a liquid oxygen vaporizer (3); the sixth pipeline (4) is connected between the oxygen storage tank (1) and the reactor (21); the liquid oxygen pump (2) and the liquid oxygen vaporizer (3) are installed together on the sixth pipeline (4); and the liquid oxygen pump (2) is located between the liquid oxygen storage tank (1) and the liquid oxygen vaporizer (3).

10. A process for a corrosion-resistant system for treating organic waste by supercritical water thermal oxidation classification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: The liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen storage tank (1) is transported to the liquid oxygen vaporizer (3) and vaporized by the liquid oxygen pump (2), and then transported to the reactor (21); The organic waste in the material buffer tank (7) is first preheated by the first heat exchanger (9), and then enters the product separator (12) for separation to obtain hydrogen-rich gas and hot fluid; the hot fluid enters the second heat exchanger (24) through the bottom outlet of the product separator (12) to be heated again, and then enters the reactor (21), where it is mixed with oxygen and subjected to supercritical hydrothermal treatment of the organic waste to obtain impurities and dilute fluid; The hydrogen-rich gas is discharged through the top outlet of the product separator (12) and exchanges heat with the impurities discharged from the bottom outlet of the reactor (21) in the third heat exchanger (22). The impurities cooled after the heat exchange are discharged into the product collector (31); The dilute fluid flows out through the top outlet of the reactor (21) and undergoes a deep degradation reaction of ammonia nitrogen in the secondary reactor (14) to obtain a degraded fluid, and the degraded fluid is mixed with the hydrogen-rich gas after heat exchange to obtain a mixed fluid. The mixed fluid sequentially exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger (24), the first heat exchanger (9) and the fourth heat exchanger (26), and then enters the solid-liquid separator (29) for solid-liquid separation; While the supercritical hydrothermal treatment of organic waste is being carried out in the reactor (21), ammonia nitrogen degradation reaction is also carried out under the catalytic action of the low alloy rod (20). The dilute fluid obtained by the reaction enters the secondary reactor (14) through the top outlet of the reactor (21) under the action of the ceramic separator (19) and undergoes deep degradation of ammonia nitrogen.

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