Self-cleaning type 3D printing nozzle structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-cleaning type 3D printing spray head structure, and relates to the technical field of 3D printing, the self-cleaning type 3D printing spray head structure comprises an outer shell, an output hole, a nozzle, a switching mechanism, a heating pipe, a discharge hole I, a collection box I, a cleaning mechanism, a filter, an exhaust hole and an input pipe; the 3D printer is reasonable and simple in structure, low in production cost and convenient to mount, and during 3D printing, through the specific valve communication design, it is guaranteed that materials are stably extruded out of the heating pipe through the output hole and the nozzle for printing work; the device has the automatic cleaning function, the air cylinder is started to switch the valve communication state, waste is transferred to the output hole, the cleaning screw rod is driven to rotate and move downwards in cooperation with the double motors, the waste in the spray head is effectively cleaned, the waste is collected into the special collecting box, and fixing, dismounting and cleaning are convenient; in the cleaning process, the air exhauster can improve the waste cleaning efficiency, the filter screen at the inlet of the air exhauster can prevent impurities from entering, and the service life of the air exhauster is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure. Background Art

[0002] As a rapid prototyping technology, 3D printing technology has been widely used in many fields such as manufacturing, medical treatment, and construction in recent years. It can manufacture objects of various complex shapes by stacking materials layer by layer based on 3D model data, greatly improving production efficiency and product personalization. However, in the 3D printing process, the nozzle is a key component, and its performance and stability directly affect the printing quality and efficiency.

[0003] Traditional 3D printing nozzles will inevitably face many problems after long-term use. First, it is easy for printing materials to remain inside the nozzle. These residual materials will solidify after cooling, causing the nozzle to be clogged. Once the nozzle is clogged, it will not only affect the continuity of printing and interrupt the printing process, but may also cause defects in the printed products, such as discontinuous lines and dimensional deviations, which seriously affect the quality of the product. Secondly, the accumulation of residual materials will also reduce the thermal conductivity of the nozzle, causing uneven heating, further affecting the melting and extrusion effects of the printing materials. Moreover, cleaning these clogged nozzles is a tedious and time-consuming task, which usually requires manual disassembly of the nozzle and the use of special tools and solvents for cleaning, which not only increases the workload of the operator, but also leads to prolonged equipment downtime and reduced production efficiency.

[0004] In addition, with the increasing requirements for environmental protection, the treatment of waste and exhaust gas generated during the printing process has also become an important issue. Traditional nozzles often lack effective collection and treatment mechanisms when cleaning waste. Waste is scattered randomly, which not only pollutes the working environment, but also causes waste of materials. At the same time, if the exhaust gas generated during the printing process is directly discharged without treatment, it will cause potential harm to the health of operators and the environment. In order to solve the above problems, it is of great practical significance to develop a self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure in order to solve the above problems, which solves the problems of traditional 3D printing nozzles being easy to clog, cumbersome to clean, improper waste and exhaust gas treatment, resulting in affected printing quality, reduced production efficiency and environmental pollution.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: a self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure, including an outer shell, an output hole, a nozzle, a switching mechanism, a heating tube, an exhaust hole 1, a collecting box 1, a cleaning mechanism, a filter, an exhaust hole and an input tube; the output hole is provided inside the lower left side of the outer shell, and the nozzle is fixedly connected to the opening of the lower side of the output hole; the switching mechanism is provided inside the lower side of the outer shell, and the lower left side of the switching mechanism is connected to the upper side of the output hole; the collecting box 1 is movably connected to the inner right side of the outer shell; the exhaust hole 1 is opened at the lower left corner of the inner right side of the outer shell, An inlet at a lower side of the discharge hole is connected to an upper side of the switching mechanism, and an outlet at an upper side of the discharge hole is connected to an opening at a lower left side of a collecting box; the fixed exterior of the heating tube is fixedly connected to an interior of the center of the outer shell, an inlet at an upper side of the heating tube is connected to an outlet of the input tube, and an opening at a lower side of the heating tube is connected to an upper side of the switching mechanism; the exhaust hole is provided inside the upper right side of the outer shell, a filter is fixedly connected to the opening at the lower side of the exhaust hole, and an inlet at a lower side of the filter is connected to an interior of a collecting box; the cleaning mechanism is provided inside the upper left side of the outer shell, and a lower side of the cleaning mechanism is connected to a left side of the switching mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the specific structure of the switching mechanism includes a cylinder, a guide groove hole, a valve core, a discharge valve hole, an output groove, a valve block and an output valve hole; the guide groove hole is transversely arranged inside the lower side of the outer shell, and the right side of the guide groove hole is fixedly connected to the cylinder; the outside of the valve core is laterally movably connected to the inside of the guide groove hole, and the right end of the valve core is fixedly connected to the left piston rod end of the cylinder; the discharge valve hole is arranged inside the upper right side of the valve core, the right opening of the discharge valve hole is connected to the lower side of the discharge hole, and the left opening of the discharge valve hole is connected to the lower opening of the heating tube; the output groove is opened in the center of the lower side of the guide groove hole, and the left side of the output groove is connected to the right side of the output hole; the outside of the valve block is laterally movably connected to the inside of the output groove, and the top of the valve block is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the valve core; the output valve hole is arranged inside the left side of the valve core, the upper side of the output valve hole is connected to the lower side of the cleaning mechanism, and the lower side of the output valve hole is connected to the upper opening of the output hole.

[0008] Preferably, the valve block and the valve core are made in one piece.

[0009] Preferably, the left side surface of the valve block is a semicircular concave surface and is flush with the right side surface of the output valve hole.

[0010] Preferably, the specific structure of the cleaning mechanism includes an air pump, a motor 1, a driving gear, a rack, a filter, a collection box 2, a transmission shaft, a movable block, a guide hole, a discharge hole 2, a cleaning spiral rod and a motor 2; the air pump is arranged inside the upper left side of the outer shell, a filter is fixedly connected to the lower inlet of the air pump, and the lower inlet of the filter is connected to the inside of the collection box 2; the collection box 2 is movably connected to the left side of the outer shell, and a lock is provided on the outside of the collection box 2; the guide hole is located just above the output hole, the guide hole is arranged inside the left side of the outer shell, and a discharge hole is provided on the lower left side of the guide hole Hole 2, and the left opening of the discharge hole 2 is connected to the lower right opening of the collection box 2; the outside of the movable block is vertically movably connected to the inside of the guide hole, and the left side of the movable block is fixedly connected to a vertical rack; the motor 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable block; the transmission shaft is movably connected to the center of the movable block, the upper center of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 2, and the lower side of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a cleaning spiral rod; the motor 1 is fixedly connected to the upper left rear side of the outer shell, and a driving gear is fixedly connected to the front output shaft of the motor 1, and the right tooth portion of the driving gear is connected to the rack.

[0011] Preferably, the motor 1 and the motor 2 are both servo motors or stepper motors.

[0012] Preferably, the outer portion of the lower side of the cleaning spiral rod matches the inner portion of the nozzle.

[0013] Preferably, a heat insulation layer is provided on the outside of the heating tube.

[0014] Preferably, a lock is provided on the outside of the collection box.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention has a reasonable and simple structure, low production cost, and convenient installation. During 3D printing, a specific valve connection design is used to ensure that the material is stably extruded from the heating tube through the output hole and the nozzle for printing.

[0016] (2) The present invention has an automatic cleaning function. The valve connection state can be switched by starting the cylinder, and the waste can be transferred to the output hole. The dual motors drive the cleaning spiral rod to rotate and move downward, effectively cleaning the waste inside the nozzle, and collecting the waste into a special collection box, which is convenient for fixing and disassembly for cleaning.

[0017] (3) During the cleaning process of the present invention, the vacuum pump can improve the waste cleaning efficiency, and the filter at the inlet of the vacuum pump can prevent impurities from entering, thereby increasing the service life of the vacuum pump; at the same time, the filter provided can filter and purify the air discharged from the collection box to ensure that the discharged gas meets environmental protection requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 sectional view of .

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the switching mechanism.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning mechanism.

[0022] 1-outer shell; 2-output hole; 3-nozzle; 4-switching mechanism; 5-heating tube; 6-discharge hole one; 7-collection box one; 8-cleaning mechanism; 9-filter; 10-exhaust hole; 11-input pipe; 41-cylinder; 42-guide groove hole; 43-valve core; 44-discharge valve hole; 45-output groove; 46-valve block; 47-output valve hole; 81-vacuum pump; 82-motor one; 83-driving gear; 84-rack; 85-filter screen; 86-collection box two; 87-transmission shaft; 88-movable block; 89-guide hole; 810-discharge hole two; 811-cleaning spiral rod; 812-motor two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this specific embodiment adopts the following technical scheme: a self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure, including an outer shell 1, an output hole 2, a nozzle 3, a switching mechanism 4, a heating tube 5, a discharge hole 6, a collecting box 7, a cleaning mechanism 8, a filter 9, an exhaust hole 10 and an input tube 11; the output hole 2 is provided inside the lower left side of the outer shell 1, and the nozzle 3 is fixedly connected to the opening of the lower side of the output hole 2; the switching mechanism 4 is provided inside the lower side of the outer shell 1, and the lower left side of the switching mechanism 4 is connected to the upper side of the output hole 2; the collecting box 7 is movably connected to the right side of the outer shell 1; the discharge hole 6 is opened at the lower left corner of the right side of the outer shell 1, The lower inlet of the discharge hole 6 is connected to the upper side of the switching mechanism 4, and the upper outlet of the discharge hole 6 is connected to the lower left opening of the collecting box 7; the heating tube 5 is fixedly connected to the central interior of the outer shell 1, the upper inlet of the heating tube 5 is connected to the outlet of the input tube 11, and the lower opening of the heating tube 5 is connected to the upper side of the switching mechanism 4; the exhaust hole 10 is opened in the upper right side of the outer shell 1, and the lower opening of the exhaust hole 10 is fixedly connected to the filter 9, and the lower inlet of the filter 9 is connected to the interior of the collecting box 7; the cleaning mechanism 8 is arranged in the upper left side of the outer shell 1, and the lower side of the cleaning mechanism 8 is connected to the left side of the switching mechanism 4.

[0024] like Figure 3As shown, the specific structure of the switching mechanism 4 includes a cylinder 41, a guide slot hole 42, a valve core 43, a discharge valve hole 44, an output slot 45, a valve block 46 and an output valve hole 47; the guide slot hole 42 is arranged horizontally inside the lower side of the outer shell 1, and the right side of the guide slot hole 42 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 41; the outside of the valve core 43 is horizontally movably connected to the inside of the guide slot hole 42, and the right end of the valve core 43 is fixedly connected to the left end of the piston rod of the cylinder 41; the discharge valve hole 44 is arranged inside the upper right side of the valve core 43, and the right side of the discharge valve hole 44 is open The lower side of the discharge hole 6 is connected, and the left side opening of the discharge valve hole 44 is connected to the lower side opening of the heating tube 5; the output groove 45 is arranged at the lower center of the guide groove hole 42, and the left side of the output groove 45 is connected to the right side of the output hole 2; the outer side of the valve block 46 is laterally movably connected to the inside of the output groove 45, and the top of the valve block 46 is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the valve core 43; the output valve hole 47 is arranged inside the left side of the valve core 43, and the upper side of the output valve hole 47 is connected to the lower side of the cleaning mechanism 8, and the lower side of the output valve hole 47 is connected to the upper side opening of the output hole 2.

[0025] The valve block 46 and the valve core 43 are made as one piece; the left side surface of the valve block 46 is a semicircular concave surface and is flush with the right side surface of the output valve hole 47 .

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the specific structure of the cleaning mechanism 8 includes an air extractor 81, a motor 1 82, a driving gear 83, a rack 84, a filter 85, a collection box 2 86, a transmission shaft 87, a movable block 88, a guide hole 89, a discharge hole 2 810, a cleaning spiral rod 811 and a motor 2 812; the air extractor 81 is arranged inside the upper left side of the outer shell 1, and a filter 85 is fixedly connected to the lower inlet of the air extractor 81, and the lower inlet of the filter 85 is connected to the inside of the collection box 2 86; the collection box 2 86 is movably connected to the inside of the left side of the outer shell 1, and a lock is provided on the outside of the collection box 2 86; the guide hole 89 is located just above the output hole 2, and the guide hole 89 is arranged inside the left side of the outer shell 1, and the lower left side of the guide hole 89 is opened The second discharge hole 810, and the left opening of the second discharge hole 810 is connected to the lower right opening of the second collection box 86; the outer part of the movable block 88 is vertically movably connected to the inside of the guide hole 89, and the left side of the movable block 88 is fixedly connected to a vertical rack 84; the second motor 812 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable block 88; the transmission shaft 87 is movably connected to the center of the movable block 88, the upper center of the transmission shaft 87 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 812, and the lower side of the transmission shaft 87 is fixedly connected to a cleaning spiral rod 811; the motor 1 82 is fixedly connected to the upper left rear side of the outer shell 1, and a driving gear 83 is fixedly connected to the front output shaft of the motor 1 82, and the right tooth portion of the driving gear 83 is connected to the rack 84.

[0027] Among them, the motor 1 82 and the motor 2 812 are both servo motors or stepper motors; the outer lower side of the cleaning spiral rod 811 matches the inner part of the nozzle 3; the outer part of the heating tube 5 is provided with a heat insulation layer; the outer part of the collecting box 1 7 is provided with a lock.

[0028] The use state of the present invention is as follows: the present invention has a reasonable and simple structure, low production cost and convenient installation. During 3D printing, first, the cylinder 41 is in a contracted state, and the valve core 43 is located at the right side of the guide groove hole 42. At this time, the discharge valve hole 44 is not connected to the lower outlet of the heating tube 5, while the upper side of the output valve hole 47 is connected to the lower outlet of the heating tube 5. In addition, the lower side of the output valve hole 47 is connected to the inside of the output hole 2 through the left side of the output groove 45 and the inner side of the semicircular concave surface on the left side of the valve block 46. Then, the material input from the input pipe 11 enters the heating tube 5. The heat insulation layer outside the heating tube 5 can effectively reduce heat loss and ensure that the material is heated at a suitable temperature. After heating The material passes through the lower opening of the heating tube 5, enters the output hole 2 through the valve hole 47 and the left side of the output slot 45, and is then extruded through the nozzle 3 to perform the 3D printing operation; when the nozzle needs to be cleaned, the cylinder 41 is first started, and the cylinder 41 extends to push the valve core 43 to move left. In this process, the right opening of the discharge valve hole 44 is connected to the discharge hole 6, and the left opening of the discharge valve hole 44 is connected to the lower outlet of the heating tube 5. At the same time, the output valve hole 47 is connected to the guide hole 89 and the output hole 2. In addition, the waste material in the output slot 45 will also be pushed into the output hole 2 as the valve block 46 moves left. Then, the motor 1 82 and the motor 2 812 are started, and the motor 1 82 and the motor 2 812 are servo motors or stepper motors, which can accurately control the operation. Motor 1 82 drives the active gear 83 to rotate, and the active gear 83 meshes with the rack 84, driving the movable block 88 to move downward in the guide hole 89, thereby moving the cleaning spiral rod 811 downward. At the same time, motor 2 812 rotates the transmission shaft 87, driving the cleaning spiral rod 811 to rotate. The lower outer side of the cleaning spiral rod 811 matches the inner part of the nozzle 3. During its rotation and downward movement, it can push the waste in the output valve hole 47, the output hole 2 and the nozzle 3 upward, and the waste enters the collection box 2 86 through the discharge hole 2 810 for collection. The collection box 2 86 is provided with a lock on the outside, which is convenient Fixing and disassembly cleaning. At the same time, the waste in the heating tube 5 will be pushed by the new material as the new material is input from the input pipe 11, and enter the collecting box 7 through the discharge valve hole 44 and the discharge hole 6 for collection. The outside of the collecting box 7 is also provided with a lock. During the cleaning process, the vacuum fan 81 is turned on to improve the efficiency of waste cleaning. In addition, the filter net 85 at the lower entrance of the vacuum fan 81 filters the air inside the collecting box 86 to prevent impurities from entering the vacuum fan 81, thereby increasing the service life of the vacuum fan 81. In addition, the filter 9 can filter and purify the air discharged from the collecting box 7, thereby ensuring that the discharged gas meets environmental protection requirements.

[0029] The control method in the present invention is to start manually or control through existing automation technology. The wiring diagram of the power element and the provision of power supply are common knowledge in the field, and the present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the present invention will no longer explain the control method and wiring layout in detail.

[0030] In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inside", "front", "center", "both ends" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention.

[0031] In the invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation", "screw-on" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the invention may have various changes and improvements, which shall fall within the scope of the invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the invention shall be defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure, characterized in that: It comprises an outer shell (1), an output hole (2), a nozzle (3), a switching mechanism (4), a heating tube (5), a discharge hole 1 (6), a collection box 1 (7), a cleaning mechanism (8), a filter (9), an exhaust hole (10) and an input tube (11); An output hole (2) is provided inside the lower left side of the outer shell (1), and a nozzle (3) is fixedly connected to the lower opening of the output hole (2); The switching mechanism (4) is arranged inside the lower side of the outer shell (1), and the lower left side of the switching mechanism (4) is connected to the upper side of the output hole (2); The collecting box 1 (7) is movably connected to the inside of the right side of the outer shell (1); The discharge hole 1 (6) is provided at the lower left corner of the right side of the outer shell (1); the lower inlet of the discharge hole 1 (6) is connected to the upper side of the switching mechanism (4); the upper outlet of the discharge hole 1 (6) is connected to the lower left opening of the collection box 1 (7); The heating tube (5) is fixedly connected to the central interior of the outer shell (1), the upper inlet of the heating tube (5) is connected to the outlet of the input tube (11), and the lower opening of the heating tube (5) is connected to the upper side of the switching mechanism (4); The exhaust hole (10) is provided inside the upper right side of the outer shell (1); a filter (9) is fixedly connected to the lower opening of the exhaust hole (10), and the lower inlet of the filter (9) is connected to the interior of the collecting box (7); The cleaning mechanism (8) is arranged inside the upper left side of the outer shell (1), and the lower side of the cleaning mechanism (8) is connected to the left side of the switching mechanism (4).

2. The self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the switching mechanism (4) includes a cylinder (41), a guide groove hole (42), a valve core (43), a discharge valve hole (44), an output groove (45), a valve block (46) and an output valve hole (47); The guide slot hole (42) is arranged transversely inside the lower side of the outer shell (1), and the right side of the guide slot hole (42) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (41); The outside of the valve core (43) is laterally movably connected to the inside of the guide groove hole (42), and the right end of the valve core (43) is fixedly connected to the left end of the piston rod of the cylinder (41); The discharge valve hole (44) is arranged inside the upper right side of the valve core (43), the right opening of the discharge valve hole (44) is connected to the lower side of the discharge hole 1 (6), and the left opening of the discharge valve hole (44) is connected to the lower opening of the heating pipe (5); The output groove (45) is provided at the center of the lower side of the guide groove hole (42), and the left side of the output groove (45) is connected to the right side of the output hole (2); The outside of the valve block (46) is laterally movably connected to the inside of the output groove (45), and the top of the valve block (46) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the valve core (43); The output valve hole (47) is arranged inside the left side of the valve core (43), the upper side of the output valve hole (47) is connected to the lower side of the cleaning mechanism (8), and the lower side of the output valve hole (47) is connected to the upper opening of the output hole (2).

3. The self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve block (46) and the valve core (43) are integrally manufactured.

4. The self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left side surface of the valve block (46) is a semicircular concave surface and is flush with the right side surface of the output valve hole (47).

5. The self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the cleaning mechanism (8) includes an air extractor (81), a first motor (82), a driving gear (83), a rack (84), a filter screen (85), a second collecting box (86), a transmission shaft (87), a movable block (88), a guide hole (89), a second discharge hole (810), a cleaning spiral rod (811) and a second motor (812); The air extractor (81) is arranged inside the upper left side of the outer shell (1); a filter screen (85) is fixedly connected to the lower inlet of the air extractor (81), and the lower inlet of the filter screen (85) is connected to the interior of the second collection box (86); The second collection box (86) is movably connected to the inside of the left side of the outer shell (1), and a lock is provided on the outside of the second collection box (86); The guide hole (89) is located just above the output hole (2). The guide hole (89) is arranged inside the left side of the outer shell (1). A second discharge hole (810) is opened on the lower left side of the guide hole (89), and the left opening of the second discharge hole (810) is connected to the lower right opening of the second collection box (86); The outside of the movable block (88) is vertically movably connected to the inside of the guide hole (89), and a vertical rack (84) is fixedly connected to the inside of the left side of the movable block (88); The second motor (812) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable block (88); The transmission shaft (87) is movably connected to the center of the movable block (88); the center of the upper side of the transmission shaft (87) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (812); and the lower side of the transmission shaft (87) is fixedly connected to a cleaning spiral rod (811); The motor 1 (82) is fixedly connected to the upper left rear side of the outer shell (1); a driving gear (83) is fixedly connected to the output shaft on the front side of the motor 1 (82); and the right tooth portion of the driving gear (83) is connected to the rack (84).

6. The self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The motor 1 (82) and the motor 2 (812) are both servo motors or stepper motors.

7. The self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer portion of the lower side of the cleaning spiral rod (811) matches the inner portion of the nozzle (3).

8. The self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outside of the heating tube (5) is provided with a heat insulation layer.

9. The self-cleaning 3D printing nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection box 1 (7) is provided with a lock buckle on the outside.

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