Hand winch for lowering cable in oil-water well

Abstract

The invention relates to an oil-water well cable lowering hand-cranking capstan which comprises a hand-cranking capstan mechanism, a cable is wound on a roller of the hand-cranking capstan mechanism, capstan bodies are fixedly arranged at the left end and the right end of the roller, and a manual transmission rotating mechanism is arranged at one end of the capstan body on the right side; the counter mechanism is provided with a hub, the upper end of the hub is in lap joint with a cable, and a support of the counter mechanism is further provided with a depth measuring instrument; and the multifunctional cable joint is connected with the end part of the cable in a sealing manner. According to the equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, a manual well entering mode is replaced by the well entering device, personnel are prevented from being in contact with a radiation source, the accuracy of the descending depth is ensured, and the cable is automatically locked and does not displace in the test process. After the test is finished, the cable can be conveniently recycled, the multi-specification joints are designed to adapt to the current detectable flow meter, the joints can be flexibly mounted and replaced, and one cable can be connected with the flow meters of various specifications without replacing the cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and water well cable lowering devices, and in particular to a hand-cranked winch for lowering cables in oil and water wells. Background Art

[0002] As the oil field is developed deeper, the pressure of the oil layer gradually decreases. In order to achieve long-term and stable development, it is necessary to supplement the pressure of the oil layer by layered water injection. Due to the complex geological structure of the reservoir and the serious heterogeneity of the formation, the oil field does not have a unified oil-water interface. At present, injection profile combined logging is often used for multi-parameter testing and comprehensive interpretation, and the flowmeter is an important instrument in the combined instrument. Commonly used flowmeters for injection profile testing include turbine flowmeters, electromagnetic flowmeters, ultrasonic flowmeters, and the newly developed neutron oxygen activation logging instrument. However, most of these radioactive flowmeter calibration tests are harmful to the human body. In order to avoid the harm of such flowmeters to the experimenters, it is necessary to use simulated wells to carry out calibration work under specific depth conditions. In this process, manual well entry is required. Different types of flowmeters need to replace the corresponding cables. The entry depth is roughly calculated based on the cable length, resulting in the main workload of calibrating a flowmeter being consumed in the process of entering the well, and increasing the risk of radiation damage to the human body due to insufficient entry depth. Therefore, we propose a hand-cranked winch for lowering cables in oil and water wells. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a hand-cranked winch for lowering cables in oil and water wells to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable in an oil and water well, comprising:

[0005] A hand-cranked winch mechanism, wherein the drum of the hand-cranked winch mechanism is wound with a cable, and winches are fixedly provided at the left and right ends of the drum, and a manual transmission rotation mechanism is provided at one end of the right winch;

[0006] A counter mechanism, wherein the counter mechanism is provided with a hub, and the upper end of the hub is connected to a cable, and a depth measuring instrument is also provided on the bracket of the counter mechanism;

[0007] A multifunctional cable connector, the multifunctional cable connector seals the end of the connecting cable, and the multifunctional cable connector is inserted and positioned to connect the test instrument;

[0008] The other end of the cable is connected to a cable socket, and the cable socket is fixedly connected to the winch bracket.

[0009] Optionally, the integral structure composed of the drum and the winch is used to wind the cable, and a passive shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the left and right ends of the integral structure composed of the drum and the winch, and the passive shaft is rotatably connected to the winch bracket through a bearing and a bearing seat, and a cable hole is opened on the side of the integral structure composed of the drum and the winch, and the cable hole passes the cable.

[0010] Optionally, the manual transmission rotation mechanism structure includes a power shaft, a driving shaft, a driving gear, a passive gear, a ratchet and a fork wheel. The passive gear is fixedly sleeved on the shaft of the winch on the right side through a short key. The lower end of the passive gear is meshed and connected to the driving gear. The driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft through a long key and a retaining spring. The outer side of the driving shaft is fixedly connected to the power shaft through bolts. The outer side of the driving shaft is fixedly sleeved with a ratchet and a fork wheel on the right side of the driving gear.

[0011] Optionally, the ratchet has a fan-shaped cam, the fork wheel has a fan-shaped opening, the fan-shaped cam falls into the fan-shaped opening, the outer side of the ratchet is clamped with a pawl, the clamping head of the pawl is clamped on the outer teeth of the ratchet, the outer teeth of the fork wheel are in contact with the pawl gripping head, a tension spring is installed on the pawl body of the pawl, the lower end of the pawl body is rotatably connected to the capstan bracket through a fixing pin, both ends of the tension spring are sleeved with tension spring rods, and the tension spring rods are respectively connected to the middle part of the pawl body and the capstan bracket.

[0012] Optionally, the power shaft includes a handle, a rotating shaft and a crank, the crank is sleeved on the outside of the driving shaft, a baffle is provided between the upper outer part of the crank and the bolt, the rotating shaft is fixedly inserted at the lower part of the crank, and the outer side of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the crank.

[0013] Optionally, the middle part of the wheel hub is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft by a square key and a petal lock, the left and right sides of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected to rolling bearings, and the rolling bearings are fixedly connected to the pulley bracket through a bearing seat, and the dynamic bearings on the left and right sides are provided with a left pressure cap and a right pressure cap, and a depth meter is fixedly connected to the upper outside of the pulley bracket.

[0014] Optionally, a screw rod is connected to the middle part of the lower end of the pulley bracket via a locking screw, the lower end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to a base via a back cap, and an angle adjustment handle is inserted at the end of the locking screw.

[0015] Optionally, the multifunctional cable connector body is composed of a guide head, a locking screw, a jujube-core sleeve, an inner tube, an outer tube and an instrument connector. The guide head is threadedly connected to the bottom of the outer tube, the instrument connector is threadedly connected to the top of the outer tube, a sealing ring is sleeved on the outer side of the instrument connector, the locking screw is threadedly connected to the bottom of the inner tube, the jujube-core sleeve is inside the locking screw and the inner tube, the top of the inner tube is threadedly connected to the lower part of the instrument connector, an insulating sleeve is provided inside the instrument connector, the instrument connector contacts the connecting column, the upper part of the instrument connector is fixedly connected to the household cap by a hexagonal sleeve, and the lower end of the hexagonal sleeve is provided with an insulating pad.

[0016] Optionally, there is a cable inside the jujube-core sleeve, and the locking screw is buckled to tighten the jujube-core sleeve to lock the cable. A plug-in is embedded in the upper part of the instrument connector, and a sealing gasket is provided at the upper end of the guide head.

[0017] Optionally, a shaft sleeve is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft.

[0018] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] The device provided by the embodiment of the present application has a bracket connected to the turntable through a bearing, a power shaft connected to the turntable, a pawl installed on one side of the power shaft, and the turntable is driven to rotate by rotating the power shaft to complete the lowering and recovery of the cable. The pawl is used for limiting and automatic locking of the cable. The counter includes a straightening and anti-skid guide wheel, a depth measuring instrument, a data transmission shaft, an angle adjustment, a lead screw, a wellhead connection base, etc. It has the functions of straightening the cable to prevent the cable from slipping and adjusting the well entry direction. The well entry device is used to replace the manual well entry method to avoid personnel from contacting the radiation source and ensure the accuracy of the entry depth. During the test, the cable is automatically locked and does not move. After the test, it is convenient to recover the cable, and the overall structure is easy to operate, saving time and effort. At the same time, it avoids the damage to the instrument and personnel caused by the uncontrollable speed of manual well entry. Personnel can stay away from the wellhead to avoid personal injury caused by radiation generated by the test flowmeter. The counter is easy to fix, the counting is accurate and does not slip, and manual counting errors are avoided. Multi-specification connectors are designed to adapt to the current testable flowmeters. The connectors can be flexibly installed and replaced, so that one cable can be connected to flowmeters of various specifications without replacing the cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of a hand-cranked winch for lowering cables in oil and water wells;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a hand-cranked winch mechanism for lowering a cable into an oil and water well;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a manual transmission rotating mechanism for a hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the claw body of a hand-cranked winch for lowering cables in oil and water wells;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a counter mechanism for a hand-cranked winch for lowering cables into oil and water wells;

[0027] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a multifunctional cable connector for lowering a cable hand winch in an oil and water well;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a ratchet and fork wheel for a hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well;

[0029] Figure 8 A ratchet structure diagram of a hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well;

[0030] Fig. 9 The present invention is a structural diagram of a shift fork wheel of a hand-cranked winch for lowering cables in oil and water wells.

[0031] In the figure: 1, hand-cranked winch mechanism; 101, power shaft; 102, bearing; 103, ratchet; 104, winch bracket; 105, winch; 106, bearing seat; 107, cable socket; 108, cable hole; 109, roller; 110, passive gear; 111, short key; 112, passive shaft;

[0032] 201, baffle; 202, bolt; 203, handle; 204, rotating shaft; 205, crank; 206, ratchet; 207, fork wheel; 208, driving gear; 209, long key; 210, retaining spring; 211, driving shaft; 212, tension spring rod; 213, tension spring; 214, claw body; 215, fixing pin;

[0033] 3. Counter mechanism; 301. Base; 302. Back cap; 303. Angle adjustment handle; 304. Locking screw; 305. Bushing; 306. Right pressure cap; 307. Depth gauge; 308. Petal lock; 309. Screw; 310. Pulley bracket; 311. Hub; 312. Square key; 313. Rotating shaft; 314. Bearing seat; 315. Rolling bearing; 316. Left pressure cap.

[0034] 401. Household cap; 402. Instrument connector; 403. Hexagonal socket; 404. Plug-in; 405. Insulating pad; 406. Sealing ring; 407. Insulating sleeve; 408. Connecting column; 409. Inner tube; 410. Outer tube; 411. Jujube-core sleeve; 412. Locking screw; 413. Sealing pad; 414. Guide head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] Various embodiments of the present application may exist in the form of a range. It should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and simplicity and should not be understood as a hard limit to the scope of the present application; therefore, it should be considered that the range description has specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single values ​​within the range. For example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which are applicable regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated in the present application, it is meant to include any quoted numbers (fractions or integers) within the indicated range. Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present application, etc., can be purchased from the market or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0037] In the present application, in the absence of any contrary description, the directional words used, such as "upper" and "lower", are specifically the directions of the drawings in the accompanying drawings. In addition, in the present application, the terms "include", "comprise", etc. refer to "including but not limited to". In the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the present application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. Wherein A, B can be singular or plural. In the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "plural" refers to two or more. "At least one", "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of singular items or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" or "at least one of a, b and c" can both mean: a, b, c, ab, i.e. a and b, ac, bc or abc, where a, b, c can be single or plural, respectively.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable in an oil and water well, comprising:

[0039] A hand-cranked winch mechanism 1, wherein a drum 109 of the hand-cranked winch mechanism 1 winds a cable, and winches 105 are fixedly provided at both left and right ends of the drum 109, and a manual transmission rotation mechanism is provided at one end of the right winch 105;

[0040] The counter mechanism 3 is provided with a hub 311, and the upper end of the hub 311 is connected to the cable, and the bracket of the counter mechanism 3 is also provided with a depth measuring instrument 307;

[0041] A multifunctional cable connector, the multifunctional cable connector seals the end of the connecting cable, and the multifunctional cable connector is inserted and positioned to connect the test instrument;

[0042] The other end of the cable is connected to a cable socket 107 , and the cable socket 107 is fixedly connected to the winch bracket 104 .

[0043] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown: the integral structure composed of the drum 109 and the winch 105 winds the cable, and the middle parts of the left and right ends of the integral structure composed of the drum 109 and the winch 105 are fixedly connected with a passive shaft 112, and the passive shaft 112 is rotatably connected to the winch bracket 104 through a bearing 102 and a bearing seat 106, and a cable hole 108 is opened on the side of the integral structure composed of the drum 109 and the winch 105, and the cable hole 108 passes the cable.

[0044] The manual transmission rotation mechanism structure includes a power shaft 101, a driving shaft 211, a driving gear 208, a driven gear 110, a ratchet 206 and a fork wheel 207. The driven gear 110 is fixedly sleeved on the shaft of the right winch 105 through a short key 111. The lower end of the driven gear 110 is meshed and connected to the driving gear 208. The driving gear 208 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft 211 through a long key 209 and a retaining ring 210. The outer side of the driving shaft 211 is fixedly connected to the power shaft 101 through a bolt 202. The outer side of the driving shaft 211 is fixedly sleeved with the ratchet 206 and the fork wheel 207 on the right side of the driving gear 208.

[0045] The ratchet 206 is provided with a fan-shaped cam, the fork wheel 207 is provided with a fan-shaped opening, the fan-shaped cam falls into the fan-shaped opening, the outer side of the ratchet 206 is clamped with the pawl 103, the clamping head of the pawl 103 is clamped on the outer teeth of the ratchet 206, the outer teeth of the fork wheel 207 are in contact with the gripping head of the pawl 103, a tension spring 213 is installed on the pawl body 214 of the pawl 103, the lower end of the pawl body 214 is rotatably connected to the capstan bracket 104 through a fixing pin 215, both ends of the tension spring 213 are sleeved with tension spring rods 212, and the tension spring rods 212 are respectively connected to the middle part of the pawl body 214 and the capstan bracket 104.

[0046] Specifically, the working principle of the power shaft self-locking provided by the embodiment of the present invention is:

[0047] The handle 203, the rotating shaft 204, and the crank 205 are connected in sequence, and the fork wheel 207 and the ratchet 206 are connected through the driving shaft 211, wherein the driving shaft 211 and the driving gear 208 are fixedly connected by a long key 209 and a retaining spring 210, the ratchet 206 is provided with a fan-shaped convex key, the fork wheel 207 is provided with a fan-shaped opening, the fan-shaped convex key falls into the fan-shaped hole, the crank 205 is fixed to the fork wheel 207 by a plate 201 and a bolt 202, the ratchet 206 is provided with a pawl 103, the pawl 103 has its clamping head clamped on the outer teeth of the ratchet 206, the outer teeth of the fork wheel 207 are in contact with the gripping head of the pawl 103, and a tension spring 213 is installed on the pawl body 214.

[0048] When the handle 203 is turned, the handle 203 drives the crank 205, and the crank 205 drives the fork wheel 207 to rotate. The outer teeth of the fork wheel 207 shift the pawl 103, and the fork wheel 207 can drive the ratchet 206 to rotate; the fork wheel 207 drives the ratchet 206 to rotate through the fan-shaped long key, and the ratchet 206 drives the driving gear 208 to rotate through the long key 209 to complete the rotation of the capstan. When the rotation stops, the pawl 103 falls back on the outer teeth of the ratchet 206 under the tension of the tension spring 213, and the ratchet 206 cannot rotate, that is, the self-locking process is completed.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown: the power shaft 101 includes a handle 203, a rotating shaft 204 and a crank 205, the crank 205 is sleeved on the outside of the driving shaft 211, a baffle 201 is provided between the upper outer part of the crank 205 and the bolt 202, the rotating shaft 204 is fixedly inserted at the lower part of the crank 205, and the outer side of the rotating shaft 204 is rotatably connected to the crank 203.

[0050] Specifically, the power shaft 101 is manually rotated to drive the driving shaft 211 to rotate forward and reverse.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown: the middle part of the wheel hub 311 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 313 by a square key 312 and a petal lock 308, a shaft sleeve 305 is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft 313, rolling bearings 315 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the rotating shaft 313, and the rolling bearings 315 are fixedly connected to the pulley bracket 310 through a bearing seat 314, and a left pressure cap 316 and a right pressure cap 306 are provided on the left and right sides of the movable bearing 315, and a depth meter 307 is fixedly connected to the upper outer part of the pulley bracket 310.

[0052] Specifically, the depth measuring instrument 307 adopts the existing equipment on the market, the wheel hub 311 can rotate, and a placement groove is opened in the middle of the outer side, and the upper end of the placement groove is connected to the cable.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown: the middle part of the lower end of the pulley bracket 310 is connected to the screw rod 309 through the locking screw 304, the lower end of the screw rod 309 is fixedly connected to the base 301 through the back cap 302, and the end of the locking screw 304 is inserted with an angle adjustment handle 303.

[0054] Specifically, when the locking screw 304 is rotated and locked by the angle adjustment handle 303, the pulley bracket 310 and the upper structure can be positioned. Conversely, when the locking screw 304 is loosened, the pulley bracket 310 can be rotated, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the pulley bracket 310.

[0055] like Figure 6As shown: the multifunctional cable connector body is composed of a guide head 414, a locking screw 412, a jujube-core sleeve 411, an inner tube 409, an outer tube 410 and an instrument connector 402. The guide head 414 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the outer tube 410, the instrument connector 402 is threadedly connected to the top of the outer tube 410, a sealing ring 406 is sleeved on the outer side of the instrument connector 402, the locking screw 412 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the inner tube 409, the jujube-core sleeve 411 is inside the locking screw 412 and the inner tube 409, the top of the inner tube 409 is threadedly connected to the lower part of the instrument connector 402, an insulating sleeve 407 is provided inside the instrument connector 402, the instrument connector 402 contacts the connecting column 408, the upper part of the instrument connector 402 is fixedly connected to the household cap 401 through a hexagonal sleeve 403, and the lower end of the hexagonal sleeve 403 is provided with an insulating pad 405

[0056] The working principle of the multifunctional cable connector is as follows: the cable enters from the guide head 414, the guide head 414 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the outer tube, the instrument connector is threadedly connected to the top of the outer tube, the instrument connector has a sealing ring, the guide head 414 is used to compress the sealing pad 413, so that the entire outer tube 410 is sealed, and the guide head 414 is designed to be conical to prevent pre-jamming when lifting;

[0057] The locking screw 412 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder 409, and the jujube-core sleeve 411 is inside the locking screw 412 and the inner cylinder. The cable passes through the jujube-core sleeve 411, and the cable is locked by the locking screw 412, and the jujube-core sleeve 411 is pressed and locked. The cable signal is transmitted to the plug-in 404 through the connecting column 408, and the tested instrument contacts the plug-in 404 to return the signal to the ground. The sealing ring 406 prevents liquid from entering the thread of the outer cylinder 410, and the insulating sleeve 407 and the insulating pad 405 prevent the inner and outer cylinders from being connected to attenuate the cable signal.

[0058] The instrument connector 402 serves as a connection, and the upper cap 401 serves to protect the inside of the instrument connector. When in use, the upper part of the instrument connector 402 is threadedly connected to the lower part of the conversion connector adapted to the test instrument, and the upper part of the conversion connector is connected to the instrument.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown: the inside of the jujube-core sleeve 411 is a cable, the locking screw 412 is buckled and pressed to lock the jujube-core sleeve 411 to lock the cable, the upper part of the instrument connector 402 is inlaid with a plug-in 404, and the upper end of the guide head 414 is provided with a sealing gasket 413.

[0060] Specifically, the interior of the outer cylinder 410 is in a sealed state.

[0061] When using the device, connect all components (such as Figure 1As shown), fix the base 301 of the counter mechanism 3 on the flange of the wellhead. Connect one end of the cable to the multifunctional cable connector, coil the middle part of the cable on the drum 109, connect the other end of the cable to the cable socket 107, connect the multifunctional cable connector to the test instrument and place it on the wheel hub 311, adjust the angle adjustment handle 303, adjust the tilt angle of the pulley bracket 310, so that the test instrument is placed directly above the wellhead, debug the instrument box 307 normally, and then you can go into the well. When lowering the cable, when the handle 203 is turned, the handle 203 drives the crank 205, and the crank 205 drives the fork wheel 207 to rotate. The outer teeth of the fork wheel 207 pull up the pawl 103, and the fork wheel 207 can drive the ratchet 206 to rotate; the fork wheel 207 drives the ratchet 206 to rotate through the fan-shaped long key, and the ratchet drives the driving gear 208 to rotate through the long key 209, completing the rotation of the winch 105. When the counter mechanism 3 displays the predetermined depth, the lowering of the cable is completed. After the test is finished, the handle 203 is reversed to complete the recovery of the cable.

[0062] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments are possible, and the general principles defined in the present application can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown in the present application, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features applied for by the present application.

Claims

1. A hand-cranked winch for lowering cables in oil and water wells, characterized in that: include: A hand-cranked winch mechanism (1), wherein a drum (109) of the hand-cranked winch mechanism (1) winds a cable, and winches (105) are fixedly provided at both left and right ends of the drum (109), and a manual transmission rotation mechanism is provided at one end of the right winch (105); A counter mechanism (3), wherein the counter mechanism (3) is provided with a hub (311), and the upper end of the hub (311) is connected to a cable, and a depth measuring instrument (307) is also provided on a bracket of the counter mechanism (3); A multifunctional cable connector, the multifunctional cable connector seals the end of the connecting cable, and the multifunctional cable connector is inserted and positioned to connect the test instrument; The other end of the cable is connected to a cable socket (107), and the cable socket (107) is fixedly connected to the winch bracket (104).

2. The hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The integral structure composed of the drum (109) and the winch (105) is used to wind the cable. A passive shaft (112) is fixedly connected to the middle of the left and right ends of the integral structure composed of the drum (109) and the winch (105). The passive shaft (112) is rotatably connected to the winch bracket (104) through a bearing (102) and a bearing seat (106). A cable hole (108) is opened on the side of the integral structure composed of the drum (109) and the winch (105), and the cable is passed through the cable hole (108).

3. The hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The manual transmission rotating mechanism structure comprises a power shaft (101), a driving shaft (211), a driving gear (208), a driven gear (110), a ratchet (206) and a shift fork wheel (207); the driven gear (110) is fixedly sleeved on the shaft of the right winch (105) via a short key (111); the lower end of the driven gear (110) is meshedly connected to the driving gear (208); the driving gear (208) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft (211) via a long key (209) and a retaining ring (210); the outer side of the driving shaft (211) is fixedly connected to the power shaft (101) via a bolt (202); the outer side of the driving shaft (211) is fixedly sleeved with the ratchet (206) and the shift fork wheel (207) on the right side of the driving gear (208).

4. The hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ratchet wheel (206) is provided with a fan-shaped convex key, the fork wheel (207) is provided with a fan-shaped opening, the fan-shaped convex key falls into the fan-shaped opening, the outer side of the ratchet wheel (206) is clamped with a pawl (103), the clamping head of the pawl (103) is clamped on the outer teeth of the ratchet wheel (206), the outer teeth of the fork wheel (207) are in contact with the gripping head of the pawl (103), a tension spring (213) is installed on the pawl body (214) of the pawl (103), the lower end of the pawl body (214) is rotatably connected to the capstan bracket (104) through a fixing pin (215), both ends of the tension spring (213) are sleeved with tension spring rods (212), and the tension spring rods (212) are respectively connected to the middle part of the pawl body (214) and the capstan bracket (104).

5. The hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The power shaft (101) comprises a handle (203), a rotating shaft (204) and a crank (205); the crank (205) is sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft (211); a baffle (201) is provided between the upper outer side of the crank (205) and the bolt (202); the rotating shaft (204) is fixedly inserted at the lower part of the crank (205); and the outer side of the rotating shaft (204) is rotatably connected to the crank (203).

6. The hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the wheel hub (311) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (313) through a square key (312) and a split-petal lock (308); rolling bearings (315) are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the rotating shaft (313); and the rolling bearings (315) are fixedly connected to the pulley bracket (310) through a bearing seat (314); and a left pressure cap (316) and a right pressure cap (306) are provided on the left and right sides of the movable bearing (315); and a depth measuring instrument (307) is fixedly connected to the upper outer part of the pulley bracket (310).

7. The hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The middle part of the lower end of the pulley bracket (310) is connected to a screw rod (309) via a locking screw rod (304); the lower end of the screw rod (309) is fixedly connected to a base (301) via a back cap (302); and the end of the locking screw rod (304) is plugged with an angle adjustment handle (303).

8. The hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multifunctional cable connector body is composed of a guide head (414), a locking screw (412), a jujube-core sleeve (411), an inner tube (409), an outer tube (410) and an instrument connector (402); the guide head (414) is threadedly connected to the bottom of the outer tube (410); the instrument connector (402) is threadedly connected to the top of the outer tube (410); a sealing ring (406) is sleeved on the outer side of the instrument connector (402); the locking screw (412) is threadedly connected to the bottom of the inner tube (409); The jujube-core sleeve (411) is connected between the locking screw (412) and the inner tube (409), the top of the inner tube (409) is threadedly connected to the lower part of the instrument connector (402), an insulating sleeve (407) is provided inside the instrument connector (402), the instrument connector (402) contacts the connecting column (408), the upper part of the instrument connector (402) is fixedly connected to the household cap (401) through a hexagonal sleeve (403), and an insulating pad (405) is provided at the lower end of the hexagonal sleeve (403).

9. The hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inside of the jujube-core sleeve (411) is a cable, and the locking screw (412) is buckled and pressed to tighten the jujube-core sleeve (411) to lock the cable. The upper part of the instrument connector (402) is inlaid with a plug-in (404), and the upper end of the guide head (414) is provided with a sealing gasket (413).

10. The hand-cranked winch for lowering a cable into an oil and water well according to claim 6, characterized in that: A shaft sleeve (305) is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft (313).

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