Cuboid carbon fiber preform, carbon-carbon composite material or carbon-ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a cuboid carbon fiber preform, a carbon-carbon composite material or a carbon-ceramic composite material and a preparation method thereof. The cuboid carbon fiber preform comprises circulating units which are alternately arranged in the first direction, each circulating unit comprises a net tire flat layer and at least one non-woven cloth flat layer, the side face of the cuboid carbon fiber preform defines a working face, the included angle between the carbon fiber bundles in the non-woven fabric flat layer in any circulation unit and the working face is larger than 0 degree and smaller than or equal to 90 degrees, and the carbon fiber bundles in the two non-woven fabric flat layers in the adjacent circulation units are not parallel. Compared with the carbon-carbon composite material or the carbon-ceramic composite material prepared in the prior art, the carbon-carbon composite material or the carbon-ceramic composite material formed on the basis of the cuboid carbon fiber preform has higher interlayer bonding strength and higher heat-conducting property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the structure of a friction part preform and a preparation process thereof, and more specifically to a friction part preform, a carbon-carbon composite material, and a carbon-ceramic material structure and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern transportation industry, brake discs are key components in vehicle braking systems, and their performance is directly related to driving safety and efficiency. In the development history of brake discs, carbon ceramic brake discs have gradually attracted attention due to their many advantages over traditional metal brake discs.

[0003] Traditional metal brake discs, such as cast iron brake discs, have disadvantages such as high density, easy thermal decay at high temperatures, and relatively poor wear resistance due to their material properties. These problems have limited the performance improvement of vehicles to a certain extent, especially in high-performance vehicles and industrial application scenarios with strict braking requirements.

[0004] To meet these challenges, carbon ceramic brake discs came into being. The existing carbon ceramic brake disc preparation process can achieve effective composite of carbon fiber and ceramic matrix to a certain extent, making it have the advantages of low density, high temperature resistance, good wear resistance, etc., and thus has been initially applied in aerospace, high-end automobile and other fields. However, there are still some key problems in the structural design of existing carbon ceramic brake discs that need to be solved urgently.

[0005] In the traditional carbon-ceramic brake disc structure, the distribution of long carbon fibers makes it limited in dealing with complex stress conditions during braking. Specifically, when the brake disc is subjected to external friction parallel to the friction surface during operation, due to the bonding method between the carbon fiber layers and the force distribution characteristics, overall slippage between layers is prone to occur, which will not only affect the braking performance stability of the brake disc, but may also cause premature failure of the brake disc, reducing its service life and reliability. In addition, the large amount of friction heat generated by traditional carbon-ceramic brake discs during braking has unsatisfactory conduction paths and efficiency. Heat is often difficult to dissipate quickly and evenly, and is prone to accumulate inside the brake disc, causing problems such as thermal stress concentration, further affecting the performance and structural integrity of the brake disc.

[0006] In summary, although carbon-ceramic brake discs have made significant progress compared to traditional metal brake discs, the existing carbon-ceramic brake disc structure still has room for optimization. Therefore, an innovative carbon-ceramic brake disc design is urgently needed to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, further improve the performance, reliability and service life of brake discs, and meet the increasingly stringent requirements of modern transportation industry for brake systems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an improved friction component preform and a preparation method thereof to solve at least one of the problems raised in the background technology.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, some embodiments of the present invention propose a rectangular carbon fiber preform. A rectangular carbon fiber preform comprises circulation units alternately arranged along a first direction, each circulation unit comprising a mesh layer and at least one layer of weftless cloth layer, and the side of the rectangular carbon fiber preform defines a working surface, wherein the angle between the carbon fiber bundles in the weftless cloth layer in any circulation unit and the working surface is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°, the carbon fiber bundles in the two weftless cloth layers in adjacent circulation units are not parallel, and the fiber aggregate of the mesh layer at least passes through the weftless cloth layer of the same circulation unit and enters the mesh layer of the previous circulation unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the bulk density of the rectangular carbon fiber preform is 0.3 to 0.7 g / cm 3 .

[0010] In some embodiments, the carbon fiber bundles in the non-woven fabric flat layer of the rectangular carbon fiber preform include one or more of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber, viscose-based carbon fiber and asphalt-based carbon fiber; the carbon fiber in the mesh flat layer of the rectangular carbon fiber preform includes one or more of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber, viscose-based carbon fiber and asphalt-based carbon fiber.

[0011] Some other embodiments of the present application propose a method for preparing any of the above-mentioned rectangular carbon fiber preforms, which comprises: sequentially cyclically stacking the mesh tire flat layer and the non-woven fabric flat layer, and using a non-woven reinforcement process to obtain a rectangular carbon fiber preform; wherein the angle between the carbon fiber bundles arranged in the non-woven fabric flat layer and the working surface of the preform is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°; using a non-woven reinforcement process, and the non-woven reinforcement process is a needle punching process or a hydroentanglement process; wherein the needle punching density of the needle punching process is 20 to 60 needles / cm 2 The puncture depth is 6 to 10 mm; the puncture pressure of the puncture treatment is 40 to 300 bar, the puncture distance is 1 to 20 cm, and the water flow rate is 10 to 500 L / min.

[0012] Some other embodiments of the present application provide a carbon-carbon composite material, which is formed based on any of the above-mentioned rectangular carbon fiber preforms, and the carbon-carbon composite material is obtained by subjecting the rectangular carbon fiber preform to a carbonization process, and the bulk density of the carbon-carbon composite material is 1.0-1.8 g / cm 3 .

[0013] Other embodiments of the present application propose a method for preparing the above-mentioned carbon-carbon composite material, wherein the carburizing process includes using a CVI process for densification treatment and high-temperature graphitization, the carbon source of the CVI process includes but is not limited to methane, ethylene, and propyne, the temperature of the CVI process is 850-1150°C, and the insulation time is 200-400h; the temperature of the high-temperature graphitization is 1500-2500°C, and the insulation time is 3-8h, and the protective gas includes but is not limited to nitrogen, argon, etc.

[0014] Other embodiments of the present application propose a carbon-carbon composite friction part preform, which is formed based on the above-mentioned carbon-carbon composite material, wherein the carbon-carbon composite material is cut so that the side of the carbon-carbon composite material forms the working surface, and the cutting direction is greater than 45° and less than or equal to 90° with the side.

[0015] Some other embodiments of the present application provide a carbon-ceramic composite material, which is formed based on any of the above-mentioned rectangular carbon fiber preforms, comprising preparing the carbon-ceramic composite friction part preform by subjecting the rectangular carbon fiber preform to a carburizing process and a siliconizing process, wherein the carbon-ceramic composite material has a bulk density of 1.0 to 2.9 g / cm 3 .

[0016] Some other embodiments of the present application propose a method for preparing the carbon-ceramic composite friction part preform, wherein the carburizing process includes using the CVI process for densification treatment and high-temperature graphitization, the carbon source of the CVI process includes but is not limited to methane, ethylene, and propyne, the temperature of the CVI process is 850-1150°C, and the insulation time is 200-400h; the temperature of the high-temperature graphitization is 1500-2500°C, the insulation time is 3-8h, and the protective gas includes but is not limited to nitrogen, argon, etc.; the siliconizing process includes using one or more of chemical vapor siliconizing (CVI), reactive melt infiltration (RMI), precursor impregnation pyrolysis (PIP) and liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) for siliconizing.

[0017] Some other embodiments of the present application propose a carbon-ceramic composite friction part preform, which is formed based on the carbon-ceramic composite material, wherein the carbon-carbon composite material formed after the carburizing process is cut so that the side of the carbon-carbon composite material forms the working surface, the cutting direction is greater than 45° and less than or equal to 90° with the side, and then the siliconizing process is performed.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application include: the friction part preform provided by the present invention has higher interlayer bonding strength and higher thermal conductivity than the friction part preform prepared by the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings and appendices required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings and appendices described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings and appendices can be obtained based on these drawings and appendices without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 The layup and needle-punching preparation method of the rectangular carbon fiber preform, where the red part is the mesh layer and the white part is the weftless fabric layer, indicating that the needle-punching direction is perpendicular to the fabric layer plane, and the angles between the long carbon fibers of adjacent weftless fabric layers and the XY plane are α and β, respectively, and area A.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The A area in the figure, wherein B indicates the fiber aggregate from the web layer B which is pierced into the non-woven fabric layer A after needle punching or water spunlace.

[0022] Figure 3 form Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the steps in making a rectangular carbon fiber preform.

[0023] Figure 4 A simplified method of cutting a rectangular carbon fiber preform into a disc-shaped preform, wherein the red part is the mesh layer, the white part is the weft-free fabric layer, and the working surface of the disc-shaped preform is perpendicular to the weft-free fabric layer.

[0024] Figure 5 A simplified method of cutting a rectangular carbon fiber preform into a disc-shaped preform, wherein the red part is the mesh layer, the white part is the weftless fabric layer, and the working surface of the disc-shaped preform forms a preset angle with the weftless fabric layer.

[0025] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a carbon-carbon material friction component preform or a carbon-ceramic material friction component preform according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, some embodiments of the present application provide a rectangular carbon fiber preform 100, which may have the following structure: along a first direction, for example Figure 1 In the y direction, there is a circulation unit with a web layer A and at least one layer of non-weft fabric layer B. In order to avoid the separation of the non-weft fabric layer at the end to form a complete structure, another web flat layer A can be provided at the end, so that a structure such as ABABA / ABBABBA / ABBBABBBA / ABBBBABBBBA can be formed. In this structure of the rectangular carbon fiber preform 100, its side, such as the first side 11 in the z direction or the second side 12 in the x direction, can be used as the working surface of the friction part preform formed subsequently. In order to achieve the expected technical effect of the present invention, it is required that the angle between the carbon fiber bundle in the non-weft fabric layer and the working surface is (0°, 90°], and the angle between the carbon fibers in the two adjacent non-weft fabric layers is (0°, 90°]. That is, the orientations of the two non-weft fabric layers B are not parallel to each other, and the fiber aggregate of the web layer at least passes through the non-weft fabric layer of the same circulation unit and enters the adjacent web layer.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the red part is the mesh layer and the white part is the non-weft cloth layer, which indicates that the needle punching direction is perpendicular to the cloth layer plane, and the angles between the carbon fiber bundles of adjacent non-weft cloth layers and the working surface are α and β. Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of the region 11A is shown in FIG. Figure 2 The area 11B in the middle shows the fiber aggregate which is inserted into the non-woven fabric layer and the back web layer after the previous web layer after needle punching or water spunlace.

[0029] In the above structure, the carbon fibers in the non-woven fabric layer of the rectangular carbon fiber preform include but are not limited to one or more of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers, viscose-based carbon fibers and asphalt-based carbon fibers; the carbon fibers in the mesh layer of the rectangular carbon fiber preform include but are not limited to one or more of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers, viscose-based carbon fibers and asphalt-based carbon fibers.

[0030] like Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for forming the rectangular carbon fiber preform 100. Figure 3As shown, it includes: step S11: first laying a layer of basic mesh layer; laying a plurality of circulation units on the basic mesh layer, wherein the process of laying each circulation unit includes, step S12: laying at least one layer of circulation unit non-weft cloth layer, wherein the angle between the carbon fiber bundle of the circulation unit non-weft cloth layer and the thickness direction of the preform, that is, the y direction is (0°, 90°]; step S13, laying another layer of circulation unit mesh layer; step S14: performing a non-woven reinforcement process on the circulation unit mesh layer so that it enters the basic mesh layer; step S15: laying the next circulation unit, so that the carbon fiber angle in the non-weft cloth layer in the adjacent circulation structure is (0°, 90°], and then performing a non-woven reinforcement process on the circulation unit mesh layer of the next circulation unit so that it enters the circulation unit mesh layer of the previous circulation unit, and continuing the operation to obtain the rectangular carbon fiber preform.

[0031] The bulk density of the rectangular carbon fiber preform is 0.3 to 0.7 g / cm 3 .

[0032] The nonwoven reinforcement process includes but is not limited to one or more of acupuncture and hydroentanglement. The acupuncture direction is perpendicular to the end surface 13, and the density is 20 to 60 needles / cm 2 The puncture depth is 6-10 mm. The water puncture pressure is 40-300 bar, the water puncture distance is 1-20 cm, and the water flow rate is 10-500 L / min.

[0033] A friction part preform of a carbon-carbon composite material or a friction part preform of a carbon-ceramic composite material can be manufactured based on the rectangular carbon fiber preform.

[0034] Figure 6 The schematic diagram is a process flow diagram for preparing a friction component preform of a carbon-ceramic composite material, wherein steps S1 to S3 are steps for forming a carbon-carbon composite friction component preform.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the steps of forming a carbon-carbon composite friction component preform briefly include: Step S1: Prepare a rectangular carbon fiber preform according to the above method. Step S2: Make the rectangular carbon fiber preform through carbonization, step S3: cutting, and step S4: siliconization and other process steps.

[0036] Figure 4 A simplified method of cutting a rectangular carbon fiber preform into multiple disc-shaped preforms, wherein the red part is the web layer, the white part is the weft-free fabric layer, and the working surface of the disc-shaped preform is perpendicular to the weft-free fabric layer.

[0037] Figure 5A simplified method of cutting a rectangular carbon fiber preform into multiple disc-shaped preforms, wherein the red part is the mesh layer, the white part is the weftless fabric layer, and the working surface of the disc-shaped preform forms a preset angle with the weftless fabric layer.

[0038] Specifically, the carbonization process of step 2 may include densifying a rectangular carbon fiber preform by chemical vapor deposition (CVI) process; and high-temperature graphitizing the densified rectangular carbon fiber preform to obtain a carbon-carbon composite material, wherein the carbon source of the CVI process includes but is not limited to methane, ethylene, propyne, etc., the temperature of the CVI process is 850-1150°C, and the insulation time is 200-400h. The temperature of the high-temperature graphitization is 1500-2500°C, the insulation time is 3-8h, and the protective gas includes but is not limited to nitrogen, argon, etc. The siliconization process includes but is not limited to one or more of chemical vapor siliconization (CVI), reactive melt infiltration (RMI), precursor impregnation pyrolysis (PIP) and liquid silicon infiltration (LSI).

[0039] The rough machining and cutting process in step 3 may include cutting the carbon-carbon composite material obtained after high-temperature graphitization to obtain a carbon-carbon composite material friction component preform. The cutting direction may be perpendicular to the working surface, such as the first side surface 11, or the second side surface 12, such as Figure 4 As shown, or cutting is performed at an angle greater than 45° with the first side surface 11 or the second side surface 12, as shown Figure 5 shown.

[0040] Step S4: siliconizing and finishing the rectangular carbon fiber preform after high temperature graphitization and rough processing. After siliconizing, the obtained carbon-ceramic composite friction part preform has a thickness of 3 to 500 mm and a body density of 1.0 to 2.9 g / cm 3 .

[0041] If rough cutting is not performed, carbon-carbon composite materials and carbon-silicon composite materials can be obtained for utilization in other applications.

[0042] The following describes the method for preparing a friction part preform according to the technical solution of the present application in combination with specific parameters, and compares the performance differences of the prepared samples one, two and three.

[0043] Sample 1: Step 11 Use a needle punching machine to needle punch once after laying a layer of mesh layer, and control the needle punching density to 40 needles / cm 2, the needle penetration depth is 6mm. Use untwisted polyacrylonitrile-based long carbon fiber non-weft cloth as the non-weft cloth layer, and use untwisted polyacrylonitrile chopped carbon fiber as the mesh layer, and the length of the chopped carbon fiber is 60mm. A cyclic laying method of one layer of non-weft cloth and one layer of mesh is adopted, wherein the carbon fiber angle in adjacent non-weft cloth layers is 60°. According to the above method, a rectangular preform with a length of 600mm, a width of 600mm, and a thickness of 100mm is prepared. Step 12: Use chemical vapor deposition to densify the rectangular preform in step 11, use propyne as the carbon source gas, control the deposition temperature to 1000℃, and keep it warm for 300h. Step 13: Perform high-temperature graphitization treatment on the densified preform in step 12, use nitrogen as the protective gas, control the graphitization temperature to 1800℃, and keep it warm for 5h. After the graphitization treatment is completed, the densified preform is taken out, and then the densified preform is rough-processed according to the drawing, and the disc-shaped preform is cut in a way that the working surface is perpendicular to the cloth layer. And step 14: siliconize the densified preform using the reaction melting method, and after completion, the siliconized brake disc is fine-processed according to the drawing.

[0044] Sample 2: Step 21: Use a needle punching machine to needle punch once after laying a layer of mesh layer, and control the needle punching density to 60 needles / cm 2 , the needle-punching depth is 5mm. Use untwisted viscose-based long carbon fiber non-weft cloth as the non-weft cloth layer, and use untwisted viscose-based chopped carbon fiber as the mesh layer, and the length of the chopped carbon fiber is 55mm. A cyclic laying method of one layer of non-weft cloth and one layer of mesh is adopted, wherein the carbon fiber angle in adjacent non-weft cloth layers is 45°. According to the above method, a rectangular preform with a length of 700mm, a width of 700mm, and a thickness of 150mm is prepared. Step 22: Use chemical vapor deposition to densify the rectangular preform in step 11, use ethylene as the carbon source gas, control the deposition temperature to 1100℃, and keep it warm for 350h. Step 23: Perform high-temperature graphitization treatment on the densified preform in step 22, use nitrogen as the protective gas, control the graphitization temperature to 2000℃, and keep it warm for 4h. After the graphitization treatment is completed, the densified preform is taken out, and then the densified preform is rough-processed according to the drawing, and the disc-shaped preform is cut in a way that the working surface is perpendicular to the cloth layer. Step 24: The densified preform is siliconized by the reaction melting method, and after completion, the siliconized brake disc is fine-processed according to the drawing.

[0045] Sample three. Step 31: Use a spunlace machine to perform spunlace. After laying a layer of mesh layer, spunlace once. Control the spunlace pressure to 100 bar, the spunlace distance to 10 cm, and the water flow rate to 100 L / min. Use untwisted asphalt-based long carbon fiber non-weft cloth as the non-weft cloth layer, and use untwisted asphalt-based chopped carbon fiber as the mesh layer, and the length of the chopped carbon fiber is 65 mm. A cyclic laying method of one layer of non-weft cloth and one layer of mesh is adopted, wherein the angle between the carbon fibers in adjacent non-weft cloth layers is 90°. A rectangular preform with a length of 500 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm is prepared in the above manner. Step 32: Use chemical vapor deposition to densify the rectangular preform in step 31, use methane as the carbon source gas, control the deposition temperature to 950°C, and keep warm for 360 hours. Step 33: Perform high-temperature graphitization treatment on the densified preform in step 32, using nitrogen as the protective gas, controlling the graphitization temperature to 2200°C, and holding time to 4 hours. After the graphitization treatment is completed, take out the densified preform, and then perform rough processing on the densified preform according to the drawings, and cut out the disc-shaped preform in a way that the working surface is perpendicular to the cloth layer. And step 34: Perform siliconization treatment on the densified preform by the reaction melting method, and after completion, perform fine processing on the siliconized brake disc according to the drawings.

[0046] Sample four. Step 35: Use a spunlace machine to perform spunlace. After laying 3 layers of non-woven fabric and one layer of mesh tire, spunlace once. Control the spunlace pressure to 100 bar, the spunlace distance to 10 cm, and the water flow rate to 100 L / min. Use untwisted asphalt-based long carbon fiber non-woven fabric as the non-woven fabric layer, and use untwisted asphalt-based chopped carbon fiber as the mesh tire layer. The length of the chopped carbon fiber is 65 mm. A cyclic laying method of one layer of non-woven fabric and one layer of mesh tire is adopted, in which the carbon fiber angle in adjacent non-woven fabric layers is 90°. A rectangular preform with a length of 500 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm is prepared in the above manner. Step 36: Use chemical vapor deposition to densify the rectangular preform in step 31, use methane as the carbon source gas, control the deposition temperature to 950°C, and keep warm for 360 hours. Step 37: Perform high-temperature graphitization treatment on the densified preform in step 36, using nitrogen as the protective gas, controlling the graphitization temperature to 2200°C, and holding time to 4 hours. After the graphitization treatment is completed, take out the densified preform, and then perform rough processing on the densified preform according to the drawings, and cut out the disc-shaped preform in a way that the working surface is perpendicular to the cloth layer. And step 38: Perform siliconization treatment on the densified preform by the reaction melting method, and after completion, perform fine processing on the siliconized brake disc according to the drawings.

[0047] Table 1 is a comparison of friction and wear tests of three samples of friction part preforms prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention; and a comparison of thermal conductivity in a direction perpendicular to the working surface of three samples of friction part preforms prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Table 1

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] The friction part preform in the present application can be used as a brake disc or brake pad for automobiles, airplanes or other vehicles or machinery. The provided friction part preform has higher interlayer bonding strength and higher thermal conductivity than the friction part preform in the prior art, thereby avoiding surface damage caused by heat accumulation on the working surface.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rectangular carbon fiber preform, characterized in that: The preform includes circulation units alternately arranged along a first direction, each circulation unit includes a mesh tire layer and at least one layer of weft-free cloth layer, and the side of the rectangular carbon fiber preform defines a working surface, wherein the angle between the carbon fiber bundles in the weft-free cloth layer in any circulation unit and the working surface is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°, the carbon fiber bundles in the two weft-free cloth layers in adjacent circulation units are not parallel, and the fiber assembly of the mesh tire layer at least passes through the weft-free cloth layer of the same circulation unit and enters the mesh tire layer of the previous circulation unit.

2. The rectangular carbon fiber preform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bulk density of the rectangular carbon fiber preform is 0.3 to 0.7 g / cm 3 .

3. The rectangular carbon fiber preform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon fiber bundles in the non-woven fabric flat layer of the rectangular carbon fiber preform include one or more of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers, viscose-based carbon fibers and asphalt-based carbon fibers; the carbon fibers in the mesh flat layer of the rectangular carbon fiber preform include one or more of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers, viscose-based carbon fibers and asphalt-based carbon fibers.

4. The method for preparing a rectangular carbon fiber preform according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that: include: The mesh flat layer and the non-woven fabric flat layer are sequentially cyclically stacked, and a rectangular carbon fiber preform is obtained by a non-woven reinforcement process; wherein the angle between the carbon fiber bundles arranged in the non-woven fabric flat layer and the working surface of the preform is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°; a non-woven reinforcement process is used, and the non-woven reinforcement process is a needle punching process or a hydroentanglement process; wherein the needle punching density of the needle punching process is 20 to 60 needles / cm 2 The puncture depth is 6 to 10 mm; the puncture pressure of the puncture treatment is 40 to 300 bar, the puncture distance is 1 to 20 cm, and the water flow rate is 10 to 500 L / min.

5. A carbon-carbon composite material, which is formed based on the rectangular carbon fiber preform according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that: The rectangular carbon fiber preform is subjected to a carbonization process to obtain the carbon-carbon composite material, and the bulk density of the carbon-carbon composite material is 1.0-1.8 g / cm 3 .

6. The method for preparing the carbon-carbon composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The carbon addition process includes using a CVI process for densification treatment and high-temperature graphitization, the carbon source of the CVI process includes but is not limited to methane, ethylene, and propyne, the temperature of the CVI process is 850-1150° C., and the insulation time is 200-400 hours; the temperature of the high-temperature graphitization is 1500-2500° C., and the insulation time is 3-8 hours, and protective gases including but not limited to nitrogen, argon, etc. are used.

7. A carbon-carbon composite friction component preform, characterized in that: The carbon-carbon composite material is formed based on claim 5, wherein the carbon-carbon composite material is cut so that the side surface of the carbon-carbon composite material forms the working surface, and the cutting direction is greater than 45° and less than or equal to 90° with the side surface.

8. A carbon-ceramic composite material, formed based on the rectangular carbon fiber preform according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that: The rectangular carbon fiber preform is subjected to a carburizing process and a siliconizing process to obtain the carbon-ceramic composite material friction part preform, wherein the carbon-ceramic composite material has a bulk density of 1.0 to 2.9 g / cm 3 .

9. The method for preparing a carbon-ceramic composite friction component preform according to claim 7, characterized in that: The carbon increase process includes using the CVI process for densification and high-temperature graphitization, the carbon source of the CVI process includes but is not limited to methane, ethylene, and propyne, the temperature of the CVI process is 850-1150°C, and the insulation time is 200-400h; the temperature of the high-temperature graphitization is 1500-2500°C, the insulation time is 3-8h, and the protective gas includes but is not limited to nitrogen, argon, etc.; the siliconization process includes using one or more of chemical vapor siliconization (CVI), reactive melt infiltration (RMI), precursor impregnation pyrolysis (PIP) and liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) for siliconization.

10. A carbon-ceramic composite friction component preform, characterized in that: The carbon-ceramic composite material is formed based on claim 8, wherein the carbon-carbon composite material formed after the carburizing process is cut so that the side of the carbon-carbon composite material forms the working surface, the cutting direction is greater than 45° and less than or equal to 90° with the side, and then the siliconizing process is performed.

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