Drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure
By designing the integrated rotary kiln structure of drying and pyrolysis, the problems of coal tar yield reduction and safety and environmental protection during low-order coal drying and pyrolysis have been solved, and the coal tar yield and energy efficiency have been improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510284349.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-22
AI Technical Summary
The prior art has problems such as lower coal tar yield, safety and environmental protection, risk of dust overflow and spontaneous combustion, and high wastewater treatment costs during the drying and pyrolysis of low-order coal.
A dry and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure is designed. By setting up a flue gas heating pipe, a flip kiln skin sealing mechanism and a feeding mechanism in the rotary kiln, efficient use of flue gas and stable material transportation is achieved.
It improves the yield of coal tar, reduces safety and environmental protection risks, reduces wastewater treatment costs, and improves the stability and energy efficiency of material transportation.
Smart Images
Figure CN119859540A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure, belonging to the technical field of rotary kilns. Background Art
[0002] At present, it has become a trend to use horizontal rotary kilns for pyrolysis of low-rank coal. Usually, the raw coal is first dried in a drying kiln and then pyrolyzed in another pyrolysis equipment. However, when the dried coal is pyrolyzed again, the yield of coal tar will be reduced, and certain safety and environmental protection problems will potentially arise. For example, low-rank coal after drying is prone to dust overflow, causing environmental accidents. At the same time, the overflowed dust is easy to spontaneously combust, which is very likely to cause safety accidents. In addition, the raw coal directly enters the pyrolysis kiln for pyrolysis. Since the moisture content of the raw coal is too high (usually 12-20%), if it is not dried, all the moisture will enter the ammonia separated after pyrolysis. This ammonia is wastewater, which will cause excessive wastewater treatment costs. At the same time, these wastewaters must be heated to 500°C and then cooled with coal gas, which greatly increases energy consumption.
[0003] The Chinese invention patent with the publication number of 17568059A discloses a pyrolysis rotary kiln feeding device and a rotary kiln feeding system. The patent not only designs the screw conveyor very complicatedly, but also the main part of the screw conveyor that conveys coal at the bottom must be round in order to improve the conveying efficiency. However, the patent designs the entire screw cylinder into a large cylinder, and the bottom is only a part of the large circle that conveys the material, and it cannot constrain the conveyed material, which greatly reduces the conveying capacity. At the same time, due to the large contact surface between the extracted water vapor and the cold object, the water vapor will condense, resulting in increased heat consumption, etc. Moreover, with more fine powder, it will form a large adhesion and blockage, which will cause a production stoppage accident in serious cases. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure with simple structure, reasonable design, reliable sealing and stable operation.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure, including a rotary kiln, a flue gas heating pipe is arranged in the rotary kiln, the feed end and the discharge end of the rotary kiln are respectively equipped with a flue gas hood and a discharge hood through a flip kiln skin sealing mechanism, the flue gas hood is provided with a flue gas outlet, the discharge hood is provided with a gas outlet and a solid discharge port, the feed end of the rotary kiln is also equipped with a feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism is fixed on the flue gas hood, and the feeding mechanism is installed on the end plate of the rotary kiln through a first dynamic sealing mechanism.
[0006] Preferably, the reversible kiln skin sealing mechanism includes a first fixed cylinder arranged on the outward turning part at the end of the rotary kiln and installed on the smoke hood / unloading hood, the first fixed cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the outward turning part, a first fixed ring and a second fixed ring are installed in the first fixed cylinder, the first fixed ring and the second fixed ring are installed on the inner wall or the outward turning part of the first fixed cylinder, and a flexible sealing material is filled between the first fixed ring and the second fixed ring.
[0007] Preferably, a heat dissipation gap is provided between the outward turning portion and the outer wall of the rotary kiln.
[0008] Preferably, a first movable ring is installed on the inner side of the first fixed ring through at least two first adjusting top screws, the first adjusting top screws are installed on the first fixed ring, and the flexible sealing material is arranged between the first movable ring and the second fixed ring.
[0009] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a material guide cylinder, a rotating shaft and a spiral blade installed on the rotating shaft, the material guide cylinder is provided with a feed port at one end, and a discharge port at the other end, an air guide channel is provided at the center of the rotating shaft, an air inlet connected to the air guide channel is provided at one end of the rotating shaft, the air inlet is rotatably connected to a steam collecting pipe, the steam collecting pipe extends to the interior of the rotary kiln, the other end of the rotating shaft extends to the outside of the material guide cylinder and is connected to a feeding motor, and air outlet holes are provided on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft, an air guide sealing cover is provided at the opening portion of the rotating shaft, a second dynamic sealing mechanism is provided between the air guide sealing cover and the rotating shaft, and a steam discharge port is provided on the air guide sealing cover.
[0010] Preferably, the first dynamic sealing mechanism and the second dynamic sealing mechanism have the same structure, and include a second fixed cylinder arranged on both sides of the air guide sealing cover / the end plate of the rotary kiln, and a third fixed ring and a fourth fixed ring are installed in the second fixed cylinder; Wherein in the first dynamic sealing mechanism, the third fixing ring and the fourth fixing ring are installed on the inner wall of the second fixing cylinder or the outer wall of the material guiding cylinder; In the second dynamic sealing mechanism, the third fixing ring and the fourth fixing ring are installed on the inner wall of the second fixing cylinder or the rotating shaft; A flexible sealing material is filled between the third fixing ring and the fourth fixing ring.
[0011] Preferably, a second movable ring is installed on the inner side of the third fixed ring through at least two second adjusting top screws, the second adjusting top screws are installed on the third fixed ring, and the flexible sealing material is arranged between the second movable ring and the fourth fixed ring.
[0012] Preferably, the flexible sealing material is graphite packing, herringbone rubber sealing ring or a combination of graphite packing and herringbone rubber sealing ring.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: the present invention separates the material conveying channel from the water vapor extraction channel, and due to the effect of the steam collecting pipe, the temperature of the steam can be controlled to be above 100°C. Generally, the temperature of the water vapor is controlled at around 120°C, and then the water vapor passes through at a higher flow rate, and the cooling of the water vapor can be ignored, so that dry dust removal can be achieved, which is convenient for the recovery and reuse of fine dust; at the same time, the steam channel is separated from the material conveying channel, which will not cause problems such as adhesion of the material conveying channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0015] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flip kiln skin sealing mechanism in the present invention.
[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.
[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure includes a rotary kiln 1, a flue gas heating pipe 2 is arranged in the rotary kiln 1, a flue gas hood 4 and a discharge hood 5 are respectively installed at the feed end and the discharge end of the rotary kiln 1 through a flip kiln skin sealing mechanism 3, a flue gas outlet 6 is arranged on the flue gas hood 4, and a gas outlet 7 and a solid discharge port 8 are arranged on the discharge hood 5, and a feeding mechanism 9 is also installed at the feed end of the rotary kiln 1, the feeding mechanism 9 is fixed on the flue gas hood 4, and the feeding mechanism 9 is installed on the end plate of the rotary kiln 1 through a first dynamic sealing mechanism 10.
[0020] In the present invention, a rotary kiln skin sealing mechanism 3 is installed at the connection between the rotary kiln 1 and the smoke hood 4 and the feed hood 5, and the rotary kiln skin sealing mechanism 3 is used to effectively seal to avoid smoke or gas leakage. The feeding mechanism 9 is installed on the end plate of the rotary kiln 1 through the first dynamic sealing mechanism 10 to achieve sealing.
[0021] like Figure 2As shown, the rotary kiln skin sealing mechanism 3 includes an outward-turned portion 11 arranged at the end of the rotary kiln 1 and a first fixed cylinder 12 installed on the smoke hood 4 / unloading hood 5, the first fixed cylinder 12 is sleeved on the outside of the outward-turned portion 11, and a first fixed ring 13 and a second fixed ring 14 are installed in the first fixed cylinder 12. The first fixed ring 13 and the second fixed ring 14 are installed on the inner wall of the first fixed cylinder 12 or the outward-turned portion 11, and a flexible sealing material 15 is filled between the first fixed ring 13 and the second fixed ring 14.
[0022] The reversing kiln skin sealing mechanism 3 can be used for sealing the fume hood 4, the material hood 5 and the rotary kiln 1. It mainly uses the outward turning part 11 to achieve the connection and sealing with the fume hood 4 and the material hood 5. The outward turning part 11 is made of the kiln skin outward turning or welded outward turning structure, and the outward turning part 11 is turned toward the middle of the rotary kiln. The rotary kiln 1, the fume hood 4, the material hood 5 and the outward turning part 11 are all provided with thermal insulation materials, so that the rotary kiln body and the reversing kiln skin can be prevented from being deformed by heat. The sealing surface is not provided with a thermal insulation layer, and the sealing surface is relatively outside, and the heat is blocked from being transferred to the sealing surface by the sealing flexible material. A heat dissipation interval is provided between the outward turning part 11 and the outer wall of the rotary kiln 1. In this way, a larger heat dissipation surface is formed between the outward turning part 11 and the rotary kiln 1, which further keeps the rotary kiln cylinder and the outward turning part at a lower temperature and prevents the outward turning part from being deformed.
[0023] In order to ensure that during long-term operation, the inner side of the first fixed ring 13 is installed with a first movable ring 17 through at least two first adjusting top screws 16, the first adjusting top screws 16 are installed on the first fixed ring 13, and the flexible sealing material 15 is arranged between the first movable ring and the second fixed ring 14. The first adjusting top screw 16 controls the first fixed ring 13 to move and extrude the flexible sealing material 15, thereby ensuring that the flexible sealing material 15 and the first fixed cylinder 12 and the eversion part 11 always maintain a reliable sealing state. The flexible sealing material 15 can be a graphite packing, a herringbone rubber sealing ring, or a combination of a graphite packing and a herringbone rubber sealing ring.
[0024] like Figure 1As shown, the feeding mechanism 9 includes a material guide cylinder 18, a rotating shaft 19 and a spiral blade 20 installed on the rotating shaft 19, a material guide port 21 is provided at one end of the material guide cylinder 18, and a material discharge port 22 is provided at the other end, an air guide channel 23 is provided at the center of the rotating shaft 19, an air inlet 24 connected to the air guide channel 23 is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 19, and a steam gas collecting pipe 25 is rotatably connected to the air inlet 24, the steam gas collecting pipe 25 extends to the inside of the rotary kiln 1 and is supported and installed in the rotary kiln 1, the other end of the rotating shaft 19 extends to the outside of the material guide cylinder 18 and is connected to a feeding motor 26, and an air outlet 27 is provided on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 19, an air guide sealing cover 28 is provided at the opening portion of the rotating shaft 19, a second dynamic sealing mechanism 29 is provided between the air guide sealing cover 28 and the rotating shaft 19, and a steam outlet 30 is provided on the air guide sealing cover 28. The feeding mechanism 9 adopts an integrated design of feeding and steam extraction, and utilizes the rotating shaft 19 of the screw conveyor. An air guide channel 23 is opened at the center of the rotating shaft 19 along the axial direction. The air guide channel 23 serves as the main channel for extracting steam. An air inlet is set at one end, and an air outlet 27 is set at the other end. An air guide sealing cover 28 is installed outside the air outlet 27. The air guide sealing cover 28 is used for sealing, and the steam is quickly extracted.
[0025] Among them, the inner diameter of the rotating shaft 19 is 500mm, the outer diameter is 560mm, the inner diameter of the material guide cylinder 18 is 1000mm, the outer diameter is 1200mm, the length of the material guide cylinder 18 is 5m, the length of the steam collecting pipe 25 is 12m, the outer diameter is 480mm, and the exhaust temperature of the steam is 120℃.
[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the first dynamic sealing mechanism 10 includes a second fixed cylinder 31 arranged outside the guide cylinder 18, the second fixed cylinder 31 is fixed on the end plate of the rotary kiln 1, and a third fixed ring 32 and a fourth fixed ring 33 are installed in the second fixed cylinder 31. The third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33 are installed on the inner wall of the second fixed cylinder 31 or the outer wall of the guide cylinder 18, or the third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33 are installed on the inner wall of the second fixed cylinder 31 and the outer wall of the guide cylinder 18, respectively, and a flexible sealing material 15 is filled between the third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33. Considering the sealing reliability of the guide cylinder 18, the second fixed cylinder 31 is installed on the outside of the guide cylinder 18, and the third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33 are arranged on the second fixed cylinder 31, and the sealing is achieved by filling the flexible sealing material 15 between the third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33. The flexible sealing material 15 is a graphite packing, a herringbone rubber sealing ring, or a combination of a graphite packing and a herringbone rubber sealing ring.
[0027] In order to ensure that the flexible sealing material 15 always maintains a reliable sealing state during long-term operation, a second movable ring 35 is installed on the inner side of the third fixed ring 32 through at least two second adjusting top screws 34. The second adjusting top screw 34 is installed on the third fixed ring 32, and the flexible sealing material 15 is arranged between the second movable ring 35 and the fourth fixed ring 33. The second movable ring 35 is controlled by the second adjusting top screw 34 to move and extrude the flexible sealing material 15, thereby ensuring that the flexible sealing material 15 and the second fixed cylinder 31 and the material guide cylinder 18 always maintain a reliable sealing state.
[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the second dynamic sealing mechanism 29 includes a second fixed cylinder 31 arranged on the end plate of the rotary kiln 11, and a third fixed ring 32 and a fourth fixed ring 33 are installed in the second fixed cylinder 31. The third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33 are installed on the inner wall of the second fixed cylinder 31 or the rotating shaft 19, or the third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33 are installed on the inner wall of the second fixed cylinder 31 and the rotating shaft 19 respectively. The third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33 are filled with a flexible sealing material 15. Considering the sealing reliability of the air guide sealing cover 28, the second fixed cylinder 31 is installed on both sides of the air guide sealing cover, and the third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33 are arranged in the second fixed cylinder 31. The sealing is achieved by filling the flexible sealing material 15 between the third fixed ring 32 and the fourth fixed ring 33. The flexible sealing material 15 is a graphite packing, a herringbone rubber sealing ring, or a combination of a graphite packing and a herringbone rubber sealing ring.
[0029] In order to ensure that the flexible sealing material 15 always maintains a reliable sealing state during long-term operation, a second movable ring 35 is installed on the inner side of the third fixed ring 32 through at least two second adjusting top screws 34, the second adjusting top screws 34 are installed on the third fixed ring 32, and the flexible sealing material 15 is arranged between the second movable ring 35 and the fourth fixed ring 33. The second movable ring 35 is controlled by the second adjusting top screw 34 to move and squeeze the flexible sealing material 15, thereby ensuring that the flexible sealing material 15, the second fixed cylinder 31, and the rotating shaft 19 always maintain a reliable sealing state.
[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure, comprising a rotary kiln, wherein a flue gas heating pipe is arranged in the rotary kiln, characterized in that: The feed end and the discharge end of the rotary kiln are respectively equipped with a fume hood and a discharge hood through a flip kiln skin sealing mechanism, the fume hood is provided with a fume outlet, the discharge hood is provided with a gas outlet and a solid discharge port, and the feed end of the rotary kiln is also equipped with a feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism is fixed on the fume hood, and the feeding mechanism is installed on the end plate of the rotary kiln through a first dynamic sealing mechanism.
2. The drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reversible kiln skin sealing mechanism includes a first fixed cylinder arranged at an outward turning part at the end of the rotary kiln and installed on the smoke hood / unloading hood, the first fixed cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the outward turning part, a first fixed ring and a second fixed ring are installed in the first fixed cylinder, the first fixed ring and the second fixed ring are installed on the inner wall or the outward turning part of the first fixed cylinder, and a flexible sealing material is filled between the first fixed ring and the second fixed ring.
3. The drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A heat dissipation interval is arranged between the outward turning portion and the outer wall of the rotary kiln.
4. The drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first movable ring is installed on the inner side of the first fixed ring through at least two first adjusting top screws, the first adjusting top screws are installed on the first fixed ring, and the flexible sealing material is arranged between the first movable ring and the second fixed ring.
5. The drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a material guiding cylinder, a rotating shaft and a spiral blade installed on the rotating shaft, a material guiding cylinder is provided with a material feeding port at one end and a material discharging port at the other end, an air guiding channel is provided at the center of the rotating shaft, an air inlet connected to the air guiding channel is provided at one end of the rotating shaft, a steam collecting pipe is rotatably connected to the air inlet, and the steam collecting pipe extends to the interior of the rotary kiln, the other end of the rotating shaft extends to the outside of the material guiding cylinder and is connected to a feeding motor, and air outlet holes are provided on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft, an air guiding sealing cover is provided at the opening portion of the rotating shaft, a second dynamic sealing mechanism is provided between the air guiding sealing cover and the rotating shaft, and a steam outlet is provided on the air guiding sealing cover.
6. The drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first dynamic sealing mechanism and the second dynamic sealing mechanism have the same structure, including a second fixed cylinder arranged on both sides of the air guide sealing cover / the end plate of the rotary kiln, and a third fixed ring and a fourth fixed ring are installed in the second fixed cylinder; Wherein in the first dynamic sealing mechanism, the third fixing ring and the fourth fixing ring are installed on the inner wall of the second fixing cylinder or the outer wall of the material guiding cylinder; In the second dynamic sealing mechanism, the third fixing ring and the fourth fixing ring are installed on the inner wall of the second fixing cylinder or the rotating shaft; A flexible sealing material is filled between the third fixing ring and the fourth fixing ring.
7. The drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second movable ring is installed on the inner side of the third fixed ring through at least two second adjusting top screws, the second adjusting top screws are installed on the third fixed ring, and the flexible sealing material is arranged between the second movable ring and the fourth fixed ring.
8. The drying and pyrolysis integrated rotary kiln structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flexible sealing material is a graphite packing, a herringbone rubber sealing ring or a combination of a graphite packing and a herringbone rubber sealing ring.