Yielding hollow pier column for gob-side entry retaining and construction technology of yielding hollow pier column

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine gob-side entry retaining, in particular to a yielding hollow pier column for gob-side entry retaining and a construction technology of the yielding hollow pier column. The yielding hollow pier column comprises a rubber base, a rigid supporting module and a flexible supporting module, the rubber base, the rigid supporting module and the flexible supporting module are stacked layer by layer from bottom to top to form a column shape, the rubber base is arranged on a roadway bottom plate, and the flexible supporting module abuts against a roadway top plate; the rigid supporting module is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated hollow structures in the vertical direction and used for being matched with the height of the gob-side entry retaining. And the flexible supporting module has plasticity, can perform deformation yielding along with the pressure of the roadway roof, and is used for avoiding brittle failure. According to the invention, the flexible supporting module is added, so that the pressure of the top plate can be uniformly dispersed on the whole cross section of the pier column, and the length is correspondingly telescopically changed along with the deformation of the top plate, so that the pier column has yielding performance, a roadway can be stably supported, and potential safety hazards are eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gob-side tunneling in coal mines, and in particular to a yieldable hollow pier column used for gob-side tunneling and a construction process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Coal is a disposable energy source. Thick coal seams account for 44% of my country's proven coal reserves, and the reserves are abundant. Since thick coal seams are mined at a high height, the space along the coal seams is large after mining, which can easily cause excessive overhang height, resulting in large deformation of the tunnel roof and difficulty in retaining lanes along the goaf. At present, pier column retention is a new type of lane retention method along the goaf. It replaces the original coal pillars supporting the roof pressure by arranging concrete-filled piers on one side of the goaf to support the roof, which can maximize the recovery of coal resources.

[0003] However, the following problems still exist in the pier-column retention system: the existing piers have a large amount of concrete filling inside the column, which results in high material consumption and high requirements for transportation facilities. In addition, the piers made of concrete are rigid bodies and cannot expand or contract in length in response to the deformation of the tunnel roof. They do not have pressure-relieving properties and can easily cause shear damage to the roof or brittle damage to the piers, leading to overall failure, posing a huge safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. To this end, the present invention proposes a yieldable hollow pier column for gob-side tunnel retention and its construction process to solve the problem that the existing pier column lacks a yielding structure and is prone to brittle failure, which poses a safety hazard.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hollow pier column for retaining a lane along a gob, the hollow pier column comprising: a rubber base, a rigid support module and a flexible support module, which are stacked layer by layer in a bottom-up order to form a columnar shape, the rubber base is arranged on the bottom plate of the lane, and the flexible support module is in contact with the top plate of the lane; The rigid support module is composed of a number of prefabricated hollow structures spliced ​​in the vertical direction to match the height of the gob-side tunnel; The flexible support module has plasticity and can be deformed to yield to pressure as the tunnel roof is pressed, so as to avoid brittle failure.

[0006] According to the present invention, a yieldable hollow pier column for gob-side tunnel retention is provided, wherein the flexible support module comprises a filling material located inside the flexible support module and a constraining wall shell located outside the flexible support module; The constraining wall shell is made of a flexible material, and is used for deforming together with the filling material when under pressure and constraining and wrapping the filling material.

[0007] According to the present invention, a hollow pier column for retaining a lane along a gob is provided, wherein the constraining wall shell is provided with an injection port for connecting the inner side and the outer side thereof, and the injection port is located at the upper end of the outer peripheral side of the constraining wall shell and extends outward from the constraining wall shell; The filling material is configured as a fluid and can flow into and out of the interior of the constraining wall shell through the injection port.

[0008] According to a hollow pier column for retaining a tunnel along the gob provided by the present invention, the material of the constraining wall shell is set to be mining canvas, the constraining wall shell is set to be cylindrical and the height of the constraining wall shell is less than 500mm.

[0009] A compressible hollow pier column for retaining lanes along the goaf provided by the present invention also includes a transition rubber gasket, which is arranged between the flexible support module and the rigid support module to prevent the flexible support module and the rigid support module from sliding and deviating along the contact surface.

[0010] According to the present invention, a hollow pier column with yielding function for retaining tunnels along the goaf is provided, wherein the prefabricated hollow structure is a circular concrete prefabricated part, the height of which is between 500mm and 1000mm, the outer ring diameter is between 600mm and 1200mm, and the ratio of the inner ring diameter to the outer ring diameter is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2.

[0011] According to the hollow pier column for retaining a tunnel along the gob provided by the present invention, the rubber base is set to be annular, and the cross section of the rubber base is the same as the cross section of the prefabricated hollow structure; The thickness of the rubber base is between 50 mm and 100 mm.

[0012] According to a hollow pier column for retaining a tunnel along an empty space provided by the present invention, the material for making the transition rubber gasket is set to be chloroprene rubber, the transition rubber gasket is set to be in a circular ring shape, and the cross-section of the transition rubber gasket is the same as the cross-section of the prefabricated hollow structure; the thickness of the transition rubber gasket is between 5mm and 10mm.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a construction process for a yieldable hollow pier column, which is used to construct any of the yieldable hollow pier columns for retaining lanes along the gob, and the specific steps are as follows: Step S1, preparing the rubber base, the prefabricated hollow structure and the rubber gasket on the ground; Step S2, transporting the rubber base, the prefabricated hollow structure, the rubber gasket, the filling material and the restraining wall shell to a designated location of a gob-side tunnel in a mine; Step S3, assembling the compressible hollow pier column at the designated location.

[0014] According to a construction process of a compressible hollow pier column provided by the present invention, the assembling of the compressible hollow pier column comprises: Step S31, stacking and assembling the rubber base, the prefabricated hollow structure and the rubber gasket layer by layer in a bottom-up order; Step S32, hanging the constraining wall shell on the tunnel roof, and aligning the constraining wall shell with the rubber gasket in the vertical direction; Step S33: pouring the filling material into the constraining wall shell to form the flexible support module abutting between the rubber gasket and the tunnel roof.

[0015] The above one or more technical solutions in the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: By adding flexible support modules, the pressure from the roof can be evenly dispersed over the entire cross-section of the pier and the length can be expanded or contracted accordingly with the deformation of the roof, so that the pier has pressure-yielding performance and can stably support the tunnel, eliminating safety hazards. At the same time, setting the pier to a multi-section structure spliced ​​along the vertical direction can effectively reduce transportation pressure, reduce transportation costs, improve transportation efficiency, and facilitate the rapid construction of the working face along the empty tunnel.

[0016] In addition to the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical features of the technical solutions constituted, and the advantages brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions described above, other technical features of the present invention and the advantages brought about by these technical features will be further explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a compressible hollow pier provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the construction process flow of a compressible hollow pier column provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 100, rubber base; 200, rigid support module; 210, prefabricated hollow structure; 300, flexible support module; 310, filling material; 320, constraint wall shell; 321, injection port; 400, transition rubber gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0025] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, a yieldable hollow pier column for retaining a tunnel along the gob is introduced.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the compressible hollow pier mainly includes a rubber base 100, a rigid support module 200 and a flexible support module 300.

[0028] The rubber base 100, the rigid support module 200 and the flexible support module 300 are stacked layer by layer from bottom to top to form a column. When the hollow pier column is set along the gob, the rubber base 100 is set on the bottom plate of the gob, and the flexible support module 300 is in contact with the top plate of the gob.

[0029] The rigid support module 200 is composed of a plurality of prefabricated hollow structures 210 spliced ​​in the vertical direction, and is used to match the height of the gob-side tunnel.

[0030] The flexible support module 300 has plasticity and can deform and yield to pressure when the tunnel roof is under pressure, so as to avoid brittle failure.

[0031] Furthermore, the rubber base 100 and the prefabricated hollow structure 210 are ground prefabricated parts. They are prepared in advance on the coal mine shaft and then transported to a designated location underground by a transport vehicle. The rubber base 100 is first set at the designated location underground. Then, the prefabricated hollow structure 210 is stacked and assembled on the rubber base 100. The prefabricated hollow structures 210 are sequentially installed above the rubber base 100 in a bottom-up order.

[0032] According to the height of the ceiling at the designated location, the number of prefabricated hollow structures 210 is set and adjusted so that the distance between the ceiling and the top surface of the rigid support module 200 is less than 500 mm. Then, the flexible support module 300 is installed on the top surface of the rigid support module 200 .

[0033] In this embodiment, by adding the flexible support module 300, the pressure from the top plate can be evenly dispersed over the entire cross-section of the pier and the length can be expanded or contracted correspondingly with the deformation of the top plate, so that the pier has pressure-yielding performance and can stably support the tunnel, eliminating safety hazards. At the same time, the pier is set as a multi-section structure spliced ​​along the vertical direction, which can effectively reduce transportation pressure, reduce transportation costs, improve transportation efficiency, and facilitate the rapid construction of the working face along the empty tunnel.

[0034] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, a yieldable hollow pier column for retaining a tunnel along the gob is introduced.

[0035] The flexible support module 300 includes a filling material 310 located inside and a constraining wall shell located outside.

[0036] The confining wall shell is made of a flexible material, and is used for deforming along with the filling material 310 when under pressure and confining and wrapping the filling material 310 .

[0037] In this way, when the roof pressure is concentrated in a local area of ​​the flexible support module 300, the pressure can be evenly dispersed over the entire cross-section of the pier through the flexible constraint of the filling material 310, which not only improves the structural strength and bearing capacity of the flexible support module 300, but also can stably support the tunnel.

[0038] Furthermore, the constraining wall shell is provided with an injection port 321 for connecting the inner side and the outer side thereof. The injection port 321 is located at the upper end of the outer peripheral side of the constraining wall shell. Moreover, the injection port 321 is extended outward from the constraining wall shell to facilitate the installation of the delivery pipe and the delivery pump.

[0039] The filling material 310 is set as a fluid, which can enter and exit the interior of the constrained wall shell through the injection port 321. In this way, after the rubber base 100 and the rigid support module 200 are assembled, the constrained wall shell can be easily inserted between the rigid support module 200 and the top plate, and finally the filling material 310 is fed into the constrained wall shell through the injection port 321 to complete the installation of the flexible support module 300, which greatly reduces the construction difficulty of the pier.

[0040] In particular, the material of the constraining wall shell can be set as mining canvas. The constraining wall shell is set to be cylindrical. Moreover, the height of the cylindrical constraining wall shell is less than 500mm, which is convenient for transportation.

[0041] The filling material 310 can be set as a high-water material, or a paste such as ultra-fine quick-setting cement, so as to facilitate pumping construction.

[0042] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, a yieldable hollow pier column for retaining a tunnel along the gob is introduced.

[0043] The compressible hollow pier column further comprises a transition rubber gasket 400. The transition rubber gasket 400 is arranged between the flexible support module 300 and the rigid support module 200 to prevent the flexible support module 300 and the rigid support module 200 from sliding and deviating along the contact surface.

[0044] The transition rubber gasket 400 is made of chloroprene rubber, which has the characteristics of high flame retardancy and good elasticity, and is suitable for the inflammable and explosive environment in coal mines.

[0045] The transition rubber gasket 400 is configured to be annular and has a thickness ranging from 5 mm to 10 mm.

[0046] In addition, the outer ring diameter of the transition rubber gasket 400 is between 600 mm and 1200 mm. The ratio of the inner ring diameter to the outer ring diameter of the transition rubber gasket 400 is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2.

[0047] The transition rubber gasket 400 is arranged between the flexible support module 300 and the rigid support module 200, so as to increase the friction between the two structures, prevent the two structures from sliding relative to each other, and effectively reduce the mutual impact damage between the two structures after being loaded.

[0048] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, a yieldable hollow pier column for retaining a tunnel along the gob is introduced.

[0049] The prefabricated hollow structure 210 is a circular prefabricated concrete part. The height of the prefabricated hollow structure 210 is between 500 mm and 1000 mm. The outer ring diameter of the prefabricated hollow structure 210 is between 600 mm and 1200 mm. In addition, the ratio of the inner ring diameter of the prefabricated hollow structure 210 to its outer ring diameter is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2.

[0050] Furthermore, in order to make the contact surfaces of the rubber base 100 and the prefabricated hollow structure 210 match each other, the rubber base 100 is correspondingly configured to be annular. Moreover, the cross section of the rubber base 100 is the same as the cross section of the prefabricated hollow structure 210 .

[0051] The thickness of the rubber base 100 is between 50 mm and 100 mm. The material of the rubber base 100 is also set to be chloroprene rubber. Chloroprene rubber has the performance characteristics of high flame retardancy and good elasticity, and is suitable for the flammable and explosive environment in coal mines.

[0052] On the other hand, in another embodiment of the present invention, a construction process for compressible hollow piers is introduced to solve the problems of large amount of concrete filling inside the column body of existing piers, large material consumption, difficult transportation, high cost, and low efficiency of pier construction.

[0053] The steps of the construction process of the pressure-relief hollow pier column include: step S1, preparing the rubber base 100, the prefabricated hollow structure 210 and the rubber gasket on the ground. Step S2, transporting the rubber base 100, the prefabricated hollow structure 210, the rubber gasket, the filling material 310 and the restraining wall shell to the designated location of the gob-side lane in the mine. Step S3, assembling the pressure-relief hollow pier column at the designated location.

[0054] Specifically, the rubber base 100 and the prefabricated hollow structure 210 are ground prefabricated parts. They are prepared in advance on the coal mine shaft and then transported to a designated location underground by a transport vehicle. The rubber base 100 is first set at the designated location underground. Then, the prefabricated hollow structure 210 is stacked and assembled on the rubber base 100. The prefabricated hollow structures 210 are sequentially installed above the rubber base 100 in a bottom-up order.

[0055] According to the height of the ceiling at the designated location, the number of prefabricated hollow structures 210 is set and adjusted so that the distance between the ceiling and the top surface of the rigid support module 200 is less than 500 mm. Then, the flexible support module 300 is installed on the top surface of the rigid support module 200 .

[0056] In this way, as the working face advances, positions are determined along the goaf, and the above steps are repeated to complete the construction of the hollow piers one by one.

[0057] Further, assembling the compressible hollow pier column includes: step S31, stacking and assembling the rubber base 100, the prefabricated hollow structure 210 and the rubber gasket layer by layer in a bottom-up order. Step S32, hanging the restraining wall shell on the tunnel roof, and aligning the restraining wall shell with the rubber gasket in the vertical direction. Step S33, pouring the filling material 310 into the restraining wall shell to form a flexible support module 300 abutting between the rubber gasket and the tunnel roof.

[0058] In this embodiment, by preparing the prefabricated hollow structure 210 on the ground in advance and then transporting the prefabricated hollow structure 210 to the underground for assembly, the construction work of the pier column can be partially transferred to the surface of the well, which can not only reduce the transportation volume of materials and effectively alleviate the transportation pressure and improve the transportation efficiency, but also enable the construction work of the pier column to be simultaneously promoted above and below the well, which is conducive to the rapid construction of the working face along the air-retaining tunnel.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hollow pier column for retaining lanes along the goaf, characterized in that: include: A rubber base (100), a rigid support module (200) and a flexible support module (300), which are stacked layer by layer in a bottom-up order to form a columnar shape, wherein the rubber base (100) is arranged on the bottom plate of the tunnel, and the flexible support module (300) is in contact with the top plate of the tunnel; The rigid support module (200) is composed of a plurality of prefabricated hollow structures (210) spliced ​​in a vertical direction, and is used to match the height of the gob-side tunnel retaining; The flexible support module (300) has plasticity and can deform and yield to pressure when the tunnel roof is under pressure, thereby avoiding brittle failure.

2. The yieldable hollow pier column for gob-side tunnel retention according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flexible support module (300) comprises a filling material (310) located inside the flexible support module and a constraining wall shell (320) located outside the flexible support module. The constraining wall shell (320) is made of a flexible material, and is used to deform along with the filling material (310) when under pressure and to constrain and wrap the filling material (310).

3. The yieldable hollow pier for gob-side tunnel retention according to claim 2, characterized in that: The constraining wall shell (320) is provided with an injection port (321) for connecting the inner side and the outer side thereof, and the injection port (321) is located at the upper end of the outer peripheral side of the constraining wall shell (320) and extends outward from the constraining wall shell; The filling material (310) is configured as a fluid and can enter and exit the interior of the constraining wall shell (320) through the injection port (321).

4. The yieldable hollow pier for gob-side tunnel retention according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material of the constraining wall shell (320) is set to be mining canvas, the constraining wall shell (320) is set to be cylindrical, and the height of the constraining wall shell (320) is less than 500 mm.

5. The yieldable hollow pier for gob-side tunnel retention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a transition rubber gasket (400) which is arranged between the flexible support module (300) and the rigid support module (200) and is used to prevent the flexible support module (300) and the rigid support module (200) from sliding and deviating along a contact surface.

6. The yieldable hollow pier for gob-side tunnel retention according to claim 5, characterized in that: The prefabricated hollow structure (210) is a circular ring-shaped concrete prefabricated part, the height of which is between 500 mm and 1000 mm, the outer ring diameter is between 600 mm and 1200 mm, and the ratio of the inner ring diameter to the outer ring diameter is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2.

7. The yieldable hollow pier for gob-side tunnel retention according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rubber base (100) is configured to be in a circular ring shape, and the cross section of the rubber base (100) is the same as the cross section of the prefabricated hollow structure (210); The thickness of the rubber base (100) is between 50 mm and 100 mm.

8. The yieldable hollow pier for gob-side tunnel retention according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transition rubber gasket (400) is made of chloroprene rubber, the transition rubber gasket (400) is in the shape of a ring, and the cross section of the transition rubber gasket (400) is the same as the cross section of the prefabricated hollow structure (210); the thickness of the transition rubber gasket (400) is between 5 mm and 10 mm.

9. A construction process for compressible hollow pier columns, characterized in that: For constructing the compressible hollow pier column as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the specific steps are as follows: Step S1, preparing the rubber base (100), the prefabricated hollow structure (210) and the rubber gasket on the ground; Step S2, transporting the rubber base (100), the prefabricated hollow structure (210), the rubber gasket, the filling material (310), and the constraining wall shell (320) to a designated location of a gob-side entry in a mine; Step S3, assembling the compressible hollow pier column at the designated location.

10. The construction process of the yieldable hollow pier column according to claim 9, characterized in that: The assembled compressible hollow pier column comprises: Step S31, stacking and assembling the rubber base (100), the prefabricated hollow structure (210), and the rubber gasket layer by layer in a bottom-up order; Step S32, hanging the constraining wall shell (320) on the tunnel roof, and aligning the constraining wall shell (320) and the rubber gasket in the vertical direction; Step S33: pouring the filling material (310) into the constraining wall shell (320) to form the flexible support module (300) abutting between the rubber gasket and the tunnel roof.

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