An intelligent system and method for integrating multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade storage

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system and method, which relates to the technical field of solar energy collection and storage equipment, including a heat storage unit, a primary light energy panel and a secondary light energy panel set up outside the heat storage unit, the heat storage unit is provided with a primary heat storage mechanism and a secondary heat storage mechanism for graded heat storage inside, the primary heat storage mechanism includes a plurality of primary heat storage tanks fixedly installed inside the heat storage unit; a flow guide mechanism is provided between the primary heat storage mechanism and the secondary heat storage mechanism; a control mechanism for controlling the water flow path is provided inside the primary heat storage mechanism and the secondary heat storage mechanism. The multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system and method disclosed by the present invention has the effects of intelligence, high efficiency, low energy consumption and low operating cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar energy collection and storage equipment, and in particular to an intelligent system and method for integrating multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage. Background Art

[0002] Multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade utilization is a technology that collects and utilizes thermal energy in different temperature ranges through solar collectors. Its core is to classify solar energy by temperature, consisting of low-temperature and high-temperature zones to meet applications with different temperature requirements. Solar energy is collected by collectors in different temperature ranges, and then heat energy is transferred through a heat transfer medium (such as water, oil, molten salt). According to temperature requirements, the heat energy is used for different purposes. Multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade utilization collects and utilizes solar energy in a graded manner to meet different temperature requirements. It has the advantages of high efficiency, flexibility and environmental protection. Despite cost and technical challenges, it has broad application prospects in residential, industrial and power generation fields.

[0003] An existing multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade storage system stores hot water at different temperature levels in different storage tanks by setting up multi-stage solar collectors to meet different water needs. However, when the system is actually used in the living area, during the peak water use period at night, in most cases, the warm water is used up and there is still some hot water left, which will cause the stored hot water to not be effectively utilized before the next storage cycle of the system, thereby causing a waste of thermal energy of the hot water. In order to meet the continuous consumption of the living area, after the warm water is used up, the system usually uses an additional air source heat pump to directly heat the subsequent added cold water to replenish the warm water for normal consumption in the living area, resulting in a surplus of thermal energy in the hot water area and heat waste, while the warm water area needs to consume electrical energy for heating. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention discloses an integrated intelligent system and method for multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage system is applied to living areas, resulting in energy waste during the peak water usage period at night and having disadvantages in use.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system, comprising a heat storage unit, a primary light energy panel and a secondary light energy panel set up outside the heat storage unit, a primary heat storage mechanism and a secondary heat storage mechanism for graded heat storage are arranged inside the heat storage unit, the primary heat storage mechanism and the primary light energy panel are connected by a passage, the secondary heat storage mechanism and the secondary light energy panel are connected by a passage, and the primary heat storage mechanism comprises a plurality of primary heat storage tanks fixedly installed inside the heat storage unit;

[0007] The secondary heat storage mechanism includes a plurality of secondary heat storage tanks fixedly installed inside the heat storage unit, and a plurality of evenly distributed phase change heat storage modules are also fixed inside the heat storage unit, the phase change heat storage modules and the secondary heat storage tanks are interspersed, and the secondary heat storage tanks and the primary heat storage tanks are arranged side by side;

[0008] A flow guiding mechanism is provided between the primary heat storage mechanism and the secondary heat storage mechanism;

[0009] The first-level heat storage mechanism and the second-level heat storage mechanism are provided with a control mechanism for controlling the water flow path;

[0010] The first-level solar panel and the second-level solar panel perform light-to-heat conversion to introduce hot water of different temperature levels into the first-level heat storage mechanism and the second-level heat storage mechanism for storage, and supply water to the living area according to different water use periods. At the same time, the heat conduction between the first-level heat storage mechanism and the second-level heat storage mechanism is achieved through the regulation of the diversion mechanism and the control mechanism, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving resource utilization.

[0011] By providing a primary solar panel and a secondary solar panel, the primary solar panel and the secondary solar panel are used to perform light-to-heat conversion, hot water of different temperature levels are introduced into the primary heat storage mechanism and the secondary heat storage mechanism for storage, and water is supplied to the living area according to different water use periods. At night, along with the consumption of warm water inside the primary heat storage mechanism, heat conduction between the primary heat storage mechanism and the secondary heat storage mechanism is achieved through the regulation of the diversion mechanism and the control mechanism, and the secondary heat storage mechanism is used to preheat the cold water inside the primary heat storage mechanism, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving resource utilization.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the primary heat storage mechanism further comprises that the sides of a plurality of the primary heat storage tanks are connected to a primary inlet pipe, the end of the primary inlet pipe passes through the side wall of the heat storage unit and is connected to the primary solar energy panel, and the tops of a plurality of the primary heat storage tanks are connected to a primary outlet pipe, the end of the primary outlet pipe passes through the side wall of the heat storage unit.

[0013] By providing a primary introduction pipe connected between the primary solar panel and a plurality of primary heat storage tanks, an external pump is used to introduce the warm water inside the primary solar panel into the heat storage tank for storage, thereby utilizing the heat generated by sunlight and reducing the energy consumption required for electrically heating water.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the secondary heat storage mechanism also includes a plurality of secondary heat storage tanks and the sides of the phase change heat storage modules are connected together through a secondary introduction pipe, the end of the secondary introduction pipe penetrates from the side wall of the heat storage unit, the tops of the plurality of secondary heat storage tanks are connected through a secondary export pipe, the end of the secondary export pipe penetrates from the side wall of the heat storage unit, and the plurality of phase change heat storage modules are connected in series in sequence through a reflux pipe, the end of the reflux pipe penetrates from the interior of the heat storage unit, and is connected together with the end of the secondary introduction pipe to the secondary solar energy panel to form a closed loop.

[0015] A secondary introduction pipe is provided to connect between the secondary solar energy panel, the secondary heat storage tank and several phase change heat storage modules, and the hot water heated by the secondary solar energy panel is introduced into the internal storage of the secondary heat storage tank through an external pump, so as to provide guarantee for the water use of the living area. At the same time, part of the hot water flowing inside the secondary introduction pipe will enter the interior of the phase change heat storage module and return to the interior of the secondary solar energy panel from the reflux pipe, and so on, so as to store heat for the phase change heat storage module and utilize the heat energy. At night, when the warm water in the primary heat storage tank is consumed, the subsequent supplementary cold water can flow between the phase change heat storage module and the primary heat storage tank in a way of changing the path, so as to heat the cold water by utilizing the heat stored in the phase change heat storage module, thereby greatly reducing the power consumption required for water use in the living area at night.

[0016] In a preferred solution, the flow guiding mechanism comprises a first four-way pipe connected to the side surfaces of several first-level heat storage tanks, the other port of the first four-way pipe is connected to the top of one of the phase change heat storage modules, the sides of several first-level heat storage tanks are also connected to a second four-way pipe, a coiled elbow is installed in the interlayer of each second-level heat storage tank, the second four-way pipe and several coiled elbows are connected in sequence to form a closed loop, and an elevated pipe is connected between the reflux pipe and the first-level introduction pipe.

[0017] By arranging a first four-way pipe between the phase change heat storage module and the primary heat storage tank, when the warm water in the primary heat storage tank is consumed at night, the cold water subsequently replenished can flow through the phase change heat storage module from the inside of the first four-way pipe in a changed path, so that the heat stored in the phase change heat storage module is used to heat the cold water, thereby greatly reducing the power consumption required for water use in the living area at night; at the same time, with the reduction of the heat transfer efficiency of the phase change heat storage module, at this time, by changing the flow path of the cold water, the cold water is allowed to flow through the additionally arranged second four-way pipe and the winding bend pipe, so that the cold water and the hot water in the secondary heat storage tank are exchanged, the heat energy in the secondary heat storage tank can be utilized, and the power consumption required for water use in the living area at night can be further reduced.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the control mechanism includes a first pump-valve arranged at the end of the first-stage outlet pipe, a second pump-valve arranged at the end of the second-stage outlet pipe, a third pump-valve arranged at the end of the first four-way pipe close to the phase change heat storage module, a fourth pump-valve and a fifth pump-valve arranged at both ends of the second four-way pipe, a sixth pump-valve and a seventh pump-valve arranged at both ends of the second-stage inlet pipe, respectively, the sixth pump-valve and the seventh pump-valve are symmetrically distributed on both sides of a number of the phase change heat storage modules, an eighth pump-valve is arranged at the end of the reflux pipe, the eighth pump-valve is distributed on the outside of the connection node between the reflux pipe and the elevated pipe, and a ninth pump-valve is arranged inside the elevated pipe.

[0019] By distributing a number of pumps and valves between the primary heat storage tank, the secondary heat storage tank and the phase change heat storage module, the flow direction of warm water and hot water inside the system is controlled, the multi-stage heating of the warm water replenished at night is completed, and the surplus heat of the secondary heat storage mechanism is utilized, thereby realizing step-by-step heat storage, step-by-step heating and step-by-step heat use.

[0020] A method for using a multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1: During the day, the primary solar panel and the secondary solar panel perform light-heat conversion under the action of sunlight, preheat the cold water filling their interiors, and introduce the heated hot water into the primary heat storage mechanism and the secondary heat storage mechanism through an external pump for storage. At the same time, part of the hot water will pass through the phase change heat storage module and circulate back to the interior of the secondary solar panel. In this process, the thermal energy of the hot water will be transferred to the interior of the phase change heat storage module.

[0022] S2: The warm water in the first-level heat storage mechanism and the hot water in the second-level heat storage mechanism are used in the living area;

[0023] S3: At night, as the warm water stored in the first-level heat storage mechanism is used up, the water temperature introduced into the first-level heat storage mechanism by the pump circulation will not reach the preset value, and the guide mechanism and the control mechanism are started to change the water flow path inside the first-level heat storage mechanism, and the cold water inside the first-level heat storage mechanism is introduced into the phase change heat storage module for circulation, and the cold water is preheated by the heat storage of the phase change heat storage module, and then supplied to the living area after being heated by the air source heat pump, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the air source heat pump;

[0024] S4: At night, when water consumption is low, as the residual heat value inside the phase change heat storage module decreases, when warm water is used, the control mechanism is activated to change the flow path of the guide mechanism, and the cold water inside the primary heat storage mechanism is introduced into the interlayer of the secondary heat storage tank, so that the hot water inside the secondary heat storage tank is used for heat transfer, and the cold water inside the primary heat storage mechanism is preheated for a second time, and then supplied to the living area after being heated by the air source heat pump.

[0025] From the above, it can be seen that the multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system and method provided by the present invention has the following technical effects.

[0026] First, by providing a primary solar panel and a secondary solar panel, the primary solar panel and the secondary solar panel are used for photothermal conversion, and water flows of different temperature levels are introduced into the primary heat storage tank and the secondary heat storage tank through the primary introduction pipe and the secondary introduction pipe for storage, so as to realize the step-by-step heat storage of warm water and hot water, and supply water to the living area according to different water demand; at the same time, part of the hot water flowing in the secondary introduction pipe will enter the interior of the phase change heat storage module and return to the interior of the secondary solar panel from the reflux pipe, and reciprocate in sequence to store heat for the phase change heat storage module, and utilize the heat energy. At night, when the warm water in the primary heat storage tank is consumed, the subsequent supplementary cold water can flow through the phase change heat storage module from the interior of the first four-way pipe in a way of changing the path, so as to preheat the cold water by using the heat stored in the phase change heat storage module, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the air source heat pump, and during the peak period of electricity consumption, the heat stored in the phase change heat storage module is used to heat the cold water, which can reduce the required power consumption, thereby reducing the electricity cost.

[0027] Secondly, with the decrease of heat transfer efficiency of phase change heat storage module, the flow path of cold water can be changed to allow cold water to flow through the additionally arranged second four-way pipe and the coiled bend pipe, so that the cold water and the hot water inside the secondary heat storage tank can be exchanged, and the cold water can be preheated by heat transfer, so that the heat energy inside the secondary heat storage tank can be utilized during the low water consumption period, further reducing the use of air source heat pumps, reducing the electricity consumption required for water use in living areas at night, and increasing the resource utilization efficiency of the system. Different from the traditional multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade storage system, it realizes the effects of intelligence, high efficiency, low energy consumption and low operating cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat storage unit proposed in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3This is a side view of the internal structure of the heat storage unit proposed by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the secondary heat storage tank structure proposed by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first-level heat storage mechanism proposed in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary heat storage mechanism proposed in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operation path of the phase change heat storage module proposed in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow guide mechanism proposed in the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first four-way pipe structure proposed by the present invention.

[0037] Fig.10 This is a cross-sectional view of the phase change heat storage module structure proposed by the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1. heat storage unit; 2. primary solar panel; 3. secondary solar panel; 4. primary heat storage mechanism; 401. primary heat storage tank; 402. primary inlet pipe; 403. control plug; 404. primary outlet pipe; 5. secondary heat storage mechanism; 501. secondary heat storage tank; 502. secondary inlet pipe; 503. secondary outlet pipe; 504. phase change heat storage module; 5041. tank body; 5042. composite phase change medium; 5043. sieve hole ; 505, reflux pipe; 6, flow guiding mechanism; 601, first four-way pipe; 602, second four-way pipe; 603, winding elbow; 604, elevated pipe; 7, control mechanism; 701, first pump-valve; 702, second pump-valve; 703, third pump-valve; 704, fourth pump-valve; 705, fifth pump-valve; 706, sixth pump-valve; 707, seventh pump-valve; 708, eighth pump-valve; 709, ninth pump-valve; 8, air source heat pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0040] The present invention discloses a multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system and method, which are mainly used for the hierarchical collection and utilization of solar energy to meet the water demand of different temperatures in living areas.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 10, a multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system, comprising a heat storage unit 1, a primary light energy panel 2 and a secondary light energy panel 3 set up outside the heat storage unit 1, a primary heat storage mechanism 4 and a secondary heat storage mechanism 5 for graded heat storage are arranged inside the heat storage unit 1, the primary heat storage mechanism 4 and the primary light energy panel 2 are connected by a passage, the secondary heat storage mechanism 5 and the secondary light energy panel 3 are connected by a passage, and the primary heat storage mechanism 4 includes a plurality of primary heat storage tanks 401 fixedly installed inside the heat storage unit 1;

[0042] The secondary heat storage mechanism 5 includes a plurality of secondary heat storage tanks 501 fixedly installed inside the heat storage unit 1. A plurality of evenly distributed phase change heat storage modules 504 are also fixed inside the heat storage unit 1. The phase change heat storage modules 504 and the secondary heat storage tanks 501 are interspersed and distributed, and the secondary heat storage tanks 501 and the primary heat storage tanks 401 are distributed side by side.

[0043] A flow guiding mechanism 6 is provided between the primary heat storage mechanism 4 and the secondary heat storage mechanism 5;

[0044] A control mechanism 7 for controlling the water flow path is provided inside the primary heat storage mechanism 4 and the secondary heat storage mechanism 5;

[0045] The primary solar panel 2 and the secondary solar panel 3 perform light-to-heat conversion to introduce hot water of different temperature levels into the primary heat storage mechanism 4 and the secondary heat storage mechanism 5 for storage, and supply water to the living area according to different water use periods. At the same time, the heat conduction between the primary heat storage mechanism 4 and the secondary heat storage mechanism 5 is achieved through the regulation of the diversion mechanism 6 and the control mechanism 7, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving resource utilization.

[0046] In this embodiment: during the day, the primary solar panel 2 and the secondary solar panel 3 perform photothermal conversion under the action of sunlight, preheat the cold water filling themselves, and introduce the heated hot water into the primary heat storage mechanism 4 and the secondary heat storage mechanism 5 through an external pump for storage. At the same time, part of the hot water will pass through the phase change heat storage module 504 and circulate back to the interior of the secondary solar panel 3. In this process, the thermal energy of the hot water will be transferred to the interior of the phase change heat storage module 504; and the warm water inside the primary heat storage mechanism 4 and the hot water inside the secondary heat storage mechanism 5 are used for water supply to the living area; in the evening, when the water use peaks, as the warm water stored in the primary heat storage mechanism 4 is used up, the water temperature introduced into the primary heat storage mechanism 4 by the pump circulation will not reach the preset value. At this time, the operator controls the background control The flow guiding mechanism 6 and the control mechanism 7 are started to change the water flow path inside the primary heat storage mechanism 4, and the cold water inside the primary heat storage mechanism 4 is introduced into the phase change heat storage module 504 for circulation. The cold water is preheated by using the heat storage of the phase change heat storage module 504, and then supplied to the living area for water. As the phase change heat storage module 504 continuously exchanges heat with the cold water, the residual heat value inside the phase change heat storage module 504 decreases, and the heat exchange efficiency decreases. The control mechanism 7 is started by operating the PLC control system to change the flow path of the guiding mechanism 6, and the cold water inside the primary heat storage mechanism 4 is introduced into the interlayer of the secondary heat storage tank 501, so that the hot water inside the secondary heat storage tank 501 is used for heat transfer, and the cold water inside the primary heat storage mechanism 4 is preheated for a second time, and then supplied to the living area for water.

[0047] Reference Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment, the primary heat storage mechanism 4 further includes a plurality of primary heat storage tanks 401 whose sides are all connected to a primary inlet pipe 402, an end of the primary inlet pipe 402 passes through the side wall of the heat storage unit 1 and is connected to the primary solar energy panel 2, and the tops of the plurality of primary heat storage tanks 401 are all connected to a primary outlet pipe 404, an end of the primary outlet pipe 404 passes through the side wall of the heat storage unit 1.

[0048] During the day, the primary solar panel 2 converts light into heat under the action of sunlight, preheats the cold water filling itself, and introduces the heated hot water into the primary heat storage tank 401 through an external pump and a primary inlet pipe 402 for storage. At the same time, when the living area needs water, an external pump is used to export the warm water inside the primary heat storage tank 401 from the primary outlet pipe 404 for use.

[0049] Reference Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 6 to Figure 7 , Fig.10In a preferred embodiment, the secondary heat storage mechanism 5 also includes a plurality of secondary heat storage tanks 501 and the sides of the phase change heat storage modules 504 are connected together through a secondary inlet pipe 502, the end of the secondary inlet pipe 502 penetrates from the side wall of the heat storage unit 1, and the tops of the plurality of secondary heat storage tanks 501 are connected through a secondary outlet pipe 503, the end of the secondary outlet pipe 503 penetrates from the side wall of the heat storage unit 1, and the plurality of phase change heat storage modules 504 are connected in series in sequence through a reflux pipe 505, the end of the reflux pipe 505 penetrates from the inside of the heat storage unit 1, and is connected to the secondary solar energy panel 3 together with the end of the secondary inlet pipe 502 to form a closed loop.

[0050] During the day, the secondary solar energy panel 3 performs photothermal conversion under the action of sunlight, preheats the cold water filling itself, and introduces the heated hot water into the secondary heat storage tank 501 for internal storage through an external pump and a secondary export pipe 503. During the diversion process, part of the hot water inside the secondary export pipe 503 will enter the interior of the phase change heat storage module 504 and return to the interior of the secondary solar energy panel 3 through the reflux pipe 505, forming a water circulation. At the same time, the hot water will accumulate heat inside the phase change heat storage module 504. When the living area needs water, the external pump is used to export the hot water inside the secondary heat storage tank 501 from the secondary export pipe 503 for use.

[0051] Reference Figures 1 to 5 , Figures 7 to 9 In a preferred embodiment, the flow guiding mechanism 6 includes a first four-way pipe 601 connected to the side of several primary heat storage tanks 401, and the other port of the first four-way pipe 601 is connected to the top of a phase change heat storage module 504. The sides of several primary heat storage tanks 401 are also connected to a second four-way pipe 602. A winding elbow 603 is installed in the interlayer of each secondary heat storage tank 501. The second four-way pipe 602 and the several winding elbows 603 are connected in sequence to form a closed loop. An elevated pipe 604 is connected between the reflux pipe 505 and the primary introduction pipe 402.

[0052] At night, as the warm water in the primary heat storage tank 401 is exhausted, in order to meet the domestic water needs of the living area, the primary solar panel 2 that has lost the lighting condition will introduce cold water into the primary heat storage tank 401 through the external pump and the primary introduction pipe 402 for storage. At the same time, the cold water in the primary heat storage tank 401 will be regulated by the control mechanism 7, so as to be introduced from the inside of the first four-way pipe 601 into the inside of the phase change heat storage module 504, and flow through each phase change heat storage module 504 in turn through the reflux pipe 505. In this process, the heat stored in the phase change heat storage module 504 during the day will preheat the cold water flowing through it, and after the preheated cold water, it will be introduced into the inside of the primary introduction pipe 402 through the reflux pipe 505 and the elevated pipe 604, and then guided back to the inside of the primary heat storage tank 401 through the primary introduction pipe 402, thereby realizing step heat storage. As time goes by, the phase change The heat transfer efficiency of the heat storage module 504 will be reduced accordingly. At this time, the control mechanism 7 is started again, and the cold water inside the primary heat storage tank 401 will be regulated by the control mechanism 7, so as to be introduced from the inside of the second four-way pipe 602 to the inside of several winding bends 603. When the cold water is inside the winding bends 603, it will exchange heat with the hot water inside the secondary heat storage tank 501, so as to be heated and circulate back to the inside of the primary heat storage tank 401; wherein, a control plug 403 is connected to the end of the primary introduction pipe 402, which is connected to the primary solar energy panel 2 through the control plug 403. When the heat inside the phase change heat storage module 504 preheats the cold water flowing through, and the cold water is introduced into the inside of the primary introduction pipe 402 through the reflux pipe 505 and the elevated pipe 604 after being preheated, the control plug 403 is in a closed state to prevent the preheated water source from flowing into the inside of the primary solar energy panel 2.

[0053] Further, it is supplemented that: the first-level heat storage tank 401 stores warm water, and the temperature range is maintained at 30-40°C; the second-level heat storage tank 501 stores hot water, and the temperature range is maintained at 40-60°C; and the phase change heat storage module 504 includes a plurality of tank bodies 5041 fixed inside the heat storage unit 1, and the interior of the tank body 5041 is filled with a composite phase change medium 5042, and the composite phase change medium 5042 is composed of a phase change material fatty acid and a high thermal conductivity material graphene. The interior of the composite phase change medium 5042 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed sieve holes 5043 for water flow.

[0054] Reference Figures 2 to 9In a preferred embodiment, the control mechanism 7 includes a first pump-valve 701 arranged at the end of the first-stage outlet pipe 404, a second pump-valve 702 is arranged at the end of the second-stage outlet pipe 503, a third pump-valve 703 is arranged at the end of the first four-way pipe 601 close to the phase change heat storage module 504, a fourth pump-valve 704 and a fifth pump-valve 705 are respectively arranged at both ends of the second four-way pipe 602, a sixth pump-valve 706 and a seventh pump-valve 707 are respectively arranged at both ends of the second-stage inlet pipe 502, the sixth pump-valve 706 and the seventh pump-valve 707 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of several phase change heat storage modules 504, an eighth pump-valve 708 is arranged at the end of the reflux pipe 505, the eighth pump-valve 708 is distributed on the outside of the connection node between the reflux pipe 505 and the elevated pipe 604, and a ninth pump-valve 709 is arranged inside the elevated pipe 604.

[0055] During the day, when the primary solar panel 2 introduces the heated hot water into the primary heat storage tank 401 through the external pump and the primary introduction pipe 402 for storage, the first pump valve 701, the third pump valve 703, the fourth pump valve 704 and the fifth pump valve 705 are in a closed state. At the same time, when the living area needs water, the first pump valve 701 is opened and closed, and the external pump is used to export the warm water inside the primary heat storage tank 401 from the primary outlet pipe 404 for use;

[0056] During the day, when the secondary solar panel 3 introduces the heated hot water into the secondary heat storage tank 501 through the external pump and the secondary export pipe 503 for storage, the second pump valve 702, the third pump valve 703, the fourth pump valve 704, the fifth pump valve 705 and the ninth pump valve 709 are in a closed state, and the sixth pump valve 706 and the seventh pump valve 707 are in an open and closed state. When the living area needs water, the second pump valve 702 is opened and closed, and the hot water inside the secondary heat storage tank 501 is exported from the secondary export pipe 503 for use by the external pump;

[0057] When the warm water in the first-level heat storage tank 401 is consumed, the first pump valve 701, the fourth pump valve 704, the fifth pump valve 705, the sixth pump valve 706, the seventh pump valve 707 and the eighth pump valve 708 are in a closed state, and the third pump valve 703 and the ninth pump valve 709 are opened and closed, and the cold water in the first-level heat storage tank 401 is introduced into the phase change heat storage module 504 through the first four-way pipe 601, and flows through each phase change heat storage module 504 in turn through the reflux pipe 505, and then is guided back to the first-level heat storage tank 401 through the elevated pipe 604 and the first-level introduction pipe 402;

[0058] At night, when water usage is low, when the heat transfer efficiency of the phase change heat storage module 504 decreases, if there is still hot water left in the secondary heat storage tank 501, the third pump valve 703, the sixth pump valve 706 and the seventh pump valve 707 are in a closed state, and the fourth pump valve 704 and the fifth pump valve 705 are opened and closed, and the cold water in the primary heat storage tank 401 is introduced from the inside of the second four-way pipe 602 into the inside of the several winding bends 603. When the cold water is in the winding bends 603, it will exchange heat with the hot water in the secondary heat storage tank 501, so that it will be heated and circulated back to the inside of the primary heat storage tank 401 for warm water use.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment, two air source heat pumps 8 are symmetrically installed on the outside of the heat storage unit 1, and the ends of the primary outlet pipe 404 and the secondary outlet pipe 503 respectively pass through the inside of the two air source heat pumps 8;

[0060] The water flow discharged through the ends of the first-level outlet pipe 404 and the second-level outlet pipe 503 will be heated by the air source heat pump 8, thereby ensuring the normal water supply in the living area; for example: the outlet temperature of warm water is set at 40 degrees. At this time, the temperature sensing module of the air source heat pump 8 detects that it is only 30 degrees. The air source heat pump 8 will heat the water temperature to 40 degrees before discharging it for use. The model of the air source heat pump 8 is "SL-TA-60KW-3000L".

[0061] Working principle: When in use, during the day, the first-level solar panel 2 introduces the heated hot water into the first-level heat storage tank 401 through the external pump and the first-level inlet pipe 402 for internal storage. At this time, the first pump valve 701, the third pump valve 703, the fourth pump valve 704 and the fifth pump valve 705 are in a closed state. At the same time, when the living area needs water, the first pump valve 701 is opened and closed, and the external pump is used to export the warm water inside the first-level heat storage tank 401 from the first-level outlet pipe 404 for use. If the water temperature does not reach the set value of the temperature sensing module inside the air source heat pump 8, the air source heat pump 8 will start to heat the water temperature to the set value and then discharge it; and the second-level solar panel 3 introduces the heated hot water into the second-level heat storage tank 501 through the external pump and the second-level outlet pipe 503. Internal storage, while part of the hot water will pass through the phase change heat storage module 504 and circulate back to the interior of the secondary solar energy panel 3. During this circulation process, the thermal energy of the hot water will be transferred to the interior of the phase change heat storage module 504 for storage. At this time, the second pump valve 702, the third pump valve 703, the fourth pump valve 704, the fifth pump valve 705 and the ninth pump valve 709 are in a closed state, and the sixth pump valve 706 and the seventh pump valve 707 are in an open and closed state; when the living area needs water, the second pump valve 702 is opened and closed, and the external pump is used to export the hot water inside the secondary heat storage tank 501 from the secondary export pipe 503 for use. If the water temperature does not reach the set value of the temperature sensing module inside the air source heat pump 8, the air source heat pump 8 will start to heat the water temperature to the set value before discharging it;

[0062] At night, as the warm water in the primary heat storage tank 401 is used up, in order to meet the demand for warm water in the living area, cold water will be introduced into the primary heat storage tank 401 through the external pump and the primary introduction pipe 402 for internal storage. At this time, the first pump valve 701, the fourth pump valve 704, the fifth pump valve 705, the sixth pump valve 706, the seventh pump valve 707 and the eighth pump valve 708 are in a closed state, and the third pump valve 703 and the ninth pump valve 709 are opened and closed. The cold water in the primary heat storage tank 401 is introduced from the first four-way pipe 601 into the corresponding The heat stored in the phase change heat storage module 504 during the day will preheat the cold water flowing through it, and the preheated cold water will be introduced into the first-level introduction pipe 402 through the reflux pipe 505 and the elevated pipe 604. During this process, the control plug 403 is in a closed state to prevent the preheated water from flowing into the first-level solar panel 2, and then guided back to the first-level heat storage tank 401 through the first-level introduction pipe 402. For the specific process, please refer to the attached Figure 7 As shown;

[0063] At night, when water consumption is low (after 11 p.m.), due to the decrease in heat exchange efficiency of the phase change heat storage module 504, if there is residual hot water in the secondary heat storage tank 501 (whether there is residual water can be known through the internal liquid level meter), and warm water is used, the third pump valve 703, the sixth pump valve 706 and the seventh pump valve 707 are in a closed state, and the fourth pump valve 704 and the fifth pump valve 705 are opened and closed. The cold water in the primary heat storage tank 401 will be introduced from the inside of the second four-way pipe 602 into the inside of the plurality of winding bends 603. When the cold water is in the winding bends 603, it will perform heat exchange with the hot water in the secondary heat storage tank 501, thereby being heated and circulated back to the inside of the primary heat storage tank 401 to provide warm water for the living area. For the specific process, please refer to the attached Figure 5 shown.

[0064] In summary, this system is divided into the following situations:

[0065] Case 1: During the day, the hot water stored in the primary heat storage tank 401 and the secondary heat storage tank 501 is used normally to achieve step-by-step heat storage;

[0066] Case 2: When the warm water and hot water stored in the primary heat storage tank 401 and the secondary heat storage tank 501 are used at night, the air source heat pump 8 will perform heating as long as the water temperature does not meet the standard;

[0067] Case 3: When the warm water in the primary heat storage tank 401 is used up, the cold water subsequently introduced into the primary heat storage tank 401 will flow into the heat storage phase change heat storage module 504, and after being heated by the phase change heat storage module 504, it will be stored in the primary heat storage tank 401 again, and then heated to the specified temperature by the air source heat pump 8 before being discharged for use;

[0068] Case 4: During the peak water usage period in the evening (before 11 o'clock), if both hot water and warm water are used up, the air source heat pump 8 is directly used to heat them to the specified temperature and then discharge them for use;

[0069] Case 5: During the low water consumption period in the evening (after 11 o'clock), if there is still hot water in the secondary heat storage tank 501 and warm water is needed, the cold water subsequently introduced into the primary heat storage tank 401 will first be preheated through the coiled bend pipe 603, and then stored in the primary heat storage tank 401 after being preheated by the coiled bend pipe 603, and then heated to the specified temperature by the air source heat pump 8 for discharge and use. If the hot water and warm water are used up, the air source heat pump 8 will be directly used to heat to the specified temperature for discharge and use.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system, comprising a heat storage unit (1), a primary light energy panel (2) and a secondary light energy panel (3) arranged outside the heat storage unit (1), characterized in that: The heat storage unit (1) is provided with a primary heat storage mechanism (4) and a secondary heat storage mechanism (5) for hierarchical heat storage inside, the primary heat storage mechanism (4) and the primary light energy panel (2) are connected by a passage, the secondary heat storage mechanism (5) and the secondary light energy panel (3) are connected by a passage, and the primary heat storage mechanism (4) comprises a plurality of primary heat storage tanks (401) fixedly mounted inside the heat storage unit (1); The secondary heat storage mechanism (5) comprises a plurality of secondary heat storage tanks (501) fixedly mounted inside the heat storage unit (1); a plurality of evenly distributed phase change heat storage modules (504) are also fixed inside the heat storage unit (1); the phase change heat storage modules (504) and the secondary heat storage tanks (501) are interspersed and distributed; and the secondary heat storage tanks (501) and the primary heat storage tanks (401) are distributed side by side; A flow guiding mechanism (6) is provided between the primary heat storage mechanism (4) and the secondary heat storage mechanism (5); A control mechanism (7) for controlling a water flow path is provided inside the primary heat storage mechanism (4) and the secondary heat storage mechanism (5); The first-level light energy panel (2) and the second-level light energy panel (3) perform light-heat conversion to introduce hot water of different temperature levels into the first-level heat storage mechanism (4) and the second-level heat storage mechanism (5) for storage, and supply water to the living area according to different water use periods. At the same time, heat conduction between the first-level heat storage mechanism (4) and the second-level heat storage mechanism (5) is achieved through the regulation of the guide mechanism (6) and the control mechanism (7).

2. According to claim 1, a multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system is characterized in that: The primary heat storage mechanism (4) further comprises a plurality of primary heat storage tanks (401) whose sides are connected to a primary inlet pipe (402), an end of which passes through a side wall of the heat storage unit (1) and is connected to the primary solar energy panel (2), and a plurality of primary heat storage tanks (401) whose tops are connected to a primary outlet pipe (404), an end of which passes through a side wall of the heat storage unit (1).

3. According to claim 1, a multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system is characterized in that: The sides of the plurality of secondary heat storage tanks (501) and the phase change heat storage modules (504) are connected to a secondary inlet pipe (502) through and through, the end of the secondary inlet pipe (502) penetrates through the side wall of the heat storage unit (1), the tops of the plurality of secondary heat storage tanks (501) are connected to a secondary outlet pipe (503) through and through, the end of the secondary outlet pipe (503) penetrates through the side wall of the heat storage unit (1), the plurality of phase change heat storage modules (504) are connected in series in sequence through a reflux pipe (505), the end of the reflux pipe (505) penetrates through the interior of the heat storage unit (1), and is connected to the secondary solar energy panel (3) together with the end of the secondary inlet pipe (502) to form a closed loop.

4. According to claim 3, a multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system is characterized in that: The flow guiding mechanism (6) comprises a first four-way pipe (601) which is connected to the side surfaces of the plurality of primary heat storage tanks (401); the other end of the first four-way pipe (601) is connected to the top of one of the phase change heat storage modules (504); the side surfaces of the plurality of primary heat storage tanks (401) are also connected to a second four-way pipe (602); a coiled curved pipe (603) is installed in a coiled manner in the interlayer of each secondary heat storage tank (501); the second four-way pipe (602) and the plurality of coiled curved pipes (603) are connected in sequence to form a closed loop; and an elevated pipe (604) is connected to the reflux pipe (505) and the primary introduction pipe (402).

5. According to claim 4, a multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system is characterized in that: The control mechanism (7) comprises a first pump-valve (701) arranged at the end of the first-stage outlet pipe (404), a second pump-valve (702) is arranged at the end of the second-stage outlet pipe (503), a third pump-valve (703) is arranged at the end of the first four-way pipe (601) close to the phase change heat storage module (504), a fourth pump-valve (704) and a fifth pump-valve (705) are arranged at both ends of the second four-way pipe (602), and a fourth pump-valve (704) and a fifth pump-valve (705) are arranged at both ends of the second inlet pipe (502). A sixth pump-valve (706) and a seventh pump-valve (707) are respectively provided, and the sixth pump-valve (706) and the seventh pump-valve (707) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of a plurality of the phase change heat storage modules (504); an eighth pump-valve (708) is provided at the end of the reflux pipe (505), and the eighth pump-valve (708) is distributed on the outside of the connection node between the reflux pipe (505) and the elevated pipe (604); and a ninth pump-valve (709) is provided inside the elevated pipe (604).

6. The multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase-change heat storage module (504) comprises a plurality of tanks (5041) fixed inside the heat storage unit (1); the interior of the tanks (5041) is filled with a composite phase-change medium (5042); the composite phase-change medium (5042) is composed of a phase-change material fatty acid and a high thermal conductivity material graphene.

7. The multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Two air source heat pumps (8) are symmetrically mounted on the outside of the heat storage unit (1), and the ends of the first-stage outlet pipe (404) and the second-stage outlet pipe (503) respectively pass through the inside of the two air source heat pumps (8).

8. The multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The end of the primary introduction pipe (402) is connected to a control bolt (403), and is connected to the primary light energy panel (2) via the control bolt (403).

9. The multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite phase change medium (5042) has a plurality of evenly distributed sieve holes (5043) extending therethrough.

10. The method for using a multi-temperature zone solar thermal cascade collection and storage integrated intelligent system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: During the day, the primary solar panel (2) and the secondary solar panel (3) perform light-heat conversion under the action of sunlight, preheat the cold water filling their interiors, and introduce the heated hot water into the primary heat storage mechanism (4) and the secondary heat storage mechanism (5) through an external pump for storage. At the same time, part of the hot water will pass through the phase change heat storage module (504) and circulate back into the interior of the secondary solar panel (3). In this process, the heat energy of the hot water will be transferred to the interior of the phase change heat storage module (504); S2: the warm water in the first-level heat storage mechanism (4) and the hot water in the second-level heat storage mechanism (5) are used in the living area; S3: At night, as the warm water stored in the first-level heat storage mechanism (4) is used up, the water temperature that continues to be introduced into the first-level heat storage mechanism (4) by the pump circulation will not reach the preset value, and the guide mechanism (6) and the control mechanism (7) are started to change the water flow path inside the first-level heat storage mechanism (4), and the cold water inside the first-level heat storage mechanism (4) is introduced into the interior of the phase change heat storage module (504) for circulation, and the cold water is preheated by using the heat storage of the phase change heat storage module (504), and then supplied to the living area after being heated by the air source heat pump (8), thereby reducing the energy consumption of the air source heat pump (8); S4: At night, when water consumption is low, as the residual heat value inside the phase change heat storage module (504) decreases, when warm water is used, the control mechanism (7) is activated to change the flow path of the guide mechanism (6) to guide the cold water inside the primary heat storage mechanism (4) into the interlayer of the secondary heat storage tank (501), thereby utilizing the hot water inside the secondary heat storage tank (501) for heat transfer, preheating the cold water inside the primary heat storage mechanism (4) for a second time, and supplying water to the living area after being heated by the air source heat pump (8).

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