Composite bulletproof armor plate, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite bulletproof armor plate, a preparation method and application, relates to the technical field of defense plates, and firstly provides the composite bulletproof armor plate which is of a multi-layer composite structure and comprises a bulletproof layer and a barrier layer, and a buffer layer is additionally arranged between the bulletproof layer and the barrier layer, so that hardness gradient is formed in the armor plate. The invention further provides a preparation method of the composite bulletproof armor plate, through bonding and hot pressing treatment of different laminates, the layers are firmly bonded, the synergistic effect of longitudinal energy transfer between the layers is increased, and the armor plate has excellent thermal shock resistance and is suitable for being applied to military defense and important confidential places.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of defense plates, and in particular to a composite bulletproof armor plate, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Since vehicle armor protection needs to resist higher-level bullets, a composite structure of polyethylene backboard (PE) and ceramic plate is generally used for bulletproofing. Since the physical properties between the ceramic panel material and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene backboard material are quite different, and in terms of hardness, the two differ by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude, under the penetration of armor-piercing incendiary bullets, the ceramic panel and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene backboard have poor response coordination and large shock wave propagation impedance. Due to the heavy weight of ceramics, the ceramics and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene backboard are easily separated during the bullet impact, resulting in weak bulletproof performance of the bulletproof composite armor plate and even penetration. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite bulletproof armor plate, a preparation method and applications thereof.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] <First aspect>

[0006] The present invention provides a composite bulletproof armor plate, which is a multi-layer composite structure, including a bullet-proof layer and a barrier layer, and a buffer layer arranged between the bullet-proof layer and the barrier layer, wherein the structure of the buffer layer is:

[0007] The carbon fiber layer adjacent to the bullet-proof layer and the aramid layer adjacent to the barrier layer, and the bullet-proof layer, the carbon fiber layer, the aramid layer and the barrier layer are all bonded with adhesives between adjacent layers.

[0008] As an embodiment, the composite bulletproof armor plate further includes a coating layer disposed outside the multi-layer composite structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, the covering layer is aramid woven fabric.

[0010] As an embodiment, the anti-bullet layer is a ceramic plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the anti-bullet layer is a boron carbide ceramic plate.

[0012] As an embodiment, the barrier layer is a PE board.

[0013] <Second Aspect>

[0014] The invention provides a method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate, which comprises preparing a first composite layer by adopting a hot pressing molding method.

[0015] As an embodiment, the first composite layer is obtained by stacking an upper adhesive film, a carbon fiber plate, a middle adhesive film, an aramid plate, a middle adhesive film, a PE plate and a lower adhesive film in order from top to bottom, and then performing a hot pressing treatment.

[0016] In some embodiments, the upper adhesive film, the first middle adhesive film, the second middle adhesive film and the lower adhesive film are all PU adhesive films.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first middle film and / or the second middle film are double-layer films.

[0018] As an embodiment, the parameters of the hot pressing treatment are: 4-6 MPa pressure, 65-75°C temperature, keeping the temperature and pressure for 8-12 minutes and then cooling.

[0019] In some embodiments, the parameters of the hot pressing treatment are: 5 MPa pressure, 70° C., keeping the temperature and pressure for 10 minutes and then cooling.

[0020] As an embodiment, the method for preparing the composite bulletproof armor plate further includes: arranging a bullet-proof layer on the adhesive film of the first composite layer to form a second composite layer.

[0021] In some embodiments, a cover layer is wrapped around the second composite layer.

[0022] As an embodiment, the anti-bullet layer is a ceramic plate.

[0023] As an embodiment, the barrier layer is a PE board.

[0024] In some embodiments, the anti-bullet layer is a boron carbide ceramic plate.

[0025] <Third Aspect>

[0026] The invention provides an application of a composite bulletproof armor plate.

[0027] The composite bulletproof armor plate is suitable for use in places or equipment requiring higher defense.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1) The composite bulletproof armor plate provided by the present invention adopts PU film as the adhesive between the layers and is subjected to heat pressing treatment, so that the layers have excellent bonding strength and the synergistic effect of longitudinal energy transfer between the layers is increased.

[0030] 2) The composite bulletproof armor plate provided by the present invention has a buffer layer added between the projectile layer and the barrier layer, which further improves the synergistic effect of longitudinal energy transfer between the layers by generating a hardness gradient, and adopts a ceramic plate as the projectile layer to passivate the bullet and absorb and consume a large amount of impact energy. When the bullet breaks through the projectile layer and contacts the carbon fiber plate, due to the rigidity of the epoxy resin and the high strength and high temperature resistance of the carbon fiber, the energy is better dispersed, and the kinetic energy of the bullet and the temperature of the bullet are further reduced until the bullet stays in the barrier layer.

[0031] 3) The preparation method of the composite bulletproof armor plate provided by the present invention has a simple manufacturing process. Through a unique material combination and bonding method, the armor plate has good bulletproof performance, which is conducive to optimizing the production process and improving production efficiency and product quality stability.

[0032] 4) The composite bulletproof armor plate provided by the present invention has excellent bullet resistance and is suitable for use in places or equipment that require higher defense, such as military defense equipment (such as armored vehicles), places or equipment that store important information or data (such as money transport vehicles), etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the composite bulletproof armor plate provided in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a carbon fiber layer, an aramid layer, a barrier layer, and a PU film between the layers during the preparation of the first composite layer in Example 2;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a physical picture of the composite bulletproof armor plate provided in Example 1 after being shot by a bullet.

[0037] In the figure: 1. bullet-proof layer; 2. barrier layer; 3. buffer layer; 31. carbon fiber layer; 32. aramid layer; 4. coating layer 4; 5. PU film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, some adjustments and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] In the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples:

[0040] Carbon fiber sheet prepreg: made of carbon fiber sheet pre-impregnated with 6101 epoxy resin glue, with a glue content (referring to the mass percentage of epoxy resin in carbon fiber sheet prepreg) of 35%-45%;

[0041] Aramid prepreg: It is made of aramid sheets pre-impregnated with epoxy resin, with a glue content (referring to the mass percentage of epoxy resin in aramid prepreg) of 30-35%;

[0042] Film material: (film material mentioned in Comparative Example 2) model BH100N, surface density 100±5gsm, protection grade NIJIIIA;

[0043] PEUD fabric: Model LRLP115, surface density 115±5g / m 2 , protection level NIJIII.

[0044] Boron carbide ceramic plate: density 2.51g / cm 3 ;

[0045] PU glue: commonly known as white glue, its chemical name is polyurethane resin.

[0046] The vacuum hot pressing steps involved below are carried out using a vacuum hot press with a vacuum degree of 0.01 Pa and a heating rate of 3 to 4°C / min. The cooling process is cooled by the water cooling system of the vacuum hot press. During the cooling stage, the temperature of the water cooling system is set at 15°C and the cooling rate is maintained at 2 to 3°C / min.

[0047] First, this specific embodiment provides a composite bulletproof armor plate, such as Figure 1 As shown, it is a multi-layer composite structure, including a bullet-proof layer 1 and a barrier layer 2, and a buffer layer 3 arranged between the two, wherein:

[0048] The buffer layer 3 comprises: a carbon fiber layer 31 disposed adjacent to the bullet-proof layer 1 and an aramid layer 32 disposed adjacent to the barrier layer 2, and the bullet-proof layer 1, the carbon fiber layer 31, the aramid layer 32 and the buffer layer 3 are bonded in sequence by an adhesive.

[0049] Furthermore, the composite bulletproof armor plate also includes a coating layer 4, which is arranged outside the multi-layer composite structure.

[0050] First, the composite bulletproof armor plate is specifically introduced through examples and comparative examples.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] In this embodiment, as shown in Table 1, the carbon fiber layer 31 is a carbon fiber plate with a thickness of 1 mm, and the aramid layer 32 is an aramid plate with a thickness of 3 mm; the anti-bullet layer 1 is a boron carbide (B4C) ceramic plate with a thickness of 10 mm, the barrier layer 2 is a PE plate with a thickness of 5 mm, the adhesive is PU glue, the wrapping layer is an aramid woven fabric with a thickness of 0.2 mm, and the coating layer 4 is wrapped around the multi-layer composite structure with petroleum resin-based 608 glue.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] In this comparative example, as shown in Table 2, the structure is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0055] The thickness of the carbon fiber plate is 2mm, and the thickness of the aramid plate is 2mm.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] In this comparative example, as shown in Table 3, the structure is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0058] The carbon fiber sheet and aramid sheet are replaced with a film material with a thickness of 5 mm.

[0059] Next, this specific embodiment also provides a method for preparing the composite bulletproof armor plate.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate, which is used to prepare the composite bulletproof armor plate in the above embodiment 1, and the steps include: preparing a first composite layer composed of a buffer layer 3 and a barrier layer 2. The specific steps are:

[0062] (1) The buffer layer 3 is composed of a carbon fiber plate and an aramid plate, wherein:

[0063] Hot pressing preparation of carbon fiber plate:

[0064] The multi-layer carbon fiber sheet prepreg is placed in a mold and vacuum hot pressed. The temperature is raised to 70°C under a pressure of 2Mpa. After maintaining the temperature for 10 minutes, the pressure is increased to 10Mpa and the temperature is raised to 100°C. After maintaining the temperature and pressure for 15 minutes, the prepreg is cooled to 40°C and the mold is opened to obtain a carbon fiber board.

[0065] Preparation of aramid sheet by hot pressing:

[0066] Multiple layers of aramid prepreg are alternately arranged and stacked into a laminate, with the top and bottom layers being non-prepreg aramid cloth, and placed in a mold for vacuum hot pressing. Under a pressure of 5 MPa, the temperature is raised to 100°C, the pressure is continued to be increased to 15 MPa, then the temperature is raised to 155°C, and the pressure is continued to be increased to 22 MPa. The temperature and pressure are maintained for 30 minutes, cooled to 40°C, and the mold is opened to obtain an aramid board.

[0067] (2) The barrier layer 2 is a PE sheet, and its hot pressing molding preparation method is as follows:

[0068] The multilayer PEUD was arranged in a mold for vacuum hot pressing, the temperature was raised to 70°C under a pressure of 5 MPa, the pressure was further increased to 15 MPa, the temperature was raised to 128°C, the pressure was increased to 22 MPa, the temperature and pressure were maintained for 30 minutes, the temperature was cooled to 40°C, the mold was opened, and the PE board was obtained.

[0069] In this embodiment, the thickness of the carbon fiber board is 1 mm, the thickness of the aramid board is 3 mm, and the thickness of the PE board is 5 mm.

[0070] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the area of ​​each layer of board used for testing is 750cm 2 , converted into the usage of each raw material according to volume, among which the carbon fiber sheet prepreg weighs 0.2kg, the aramid prepreg weighs 0.44kg±0.03kg, and the PEUD cloth weighs 0.5kg±0.02kg.

[0071] (3) hot pressing the carbon fiber plate (C), the aramid plate (A) and the PE plate (PE) to prepare a first composite layer, wherein the preparation method is as follows:

[0072] PU film 5 (PU) is used to bond the layers together. Specifically, the layers are stacked in the order of PU-C-PU-PU-A-PU-PU-PE-PU and placed in a mold for vacuum hot pressing. The layers are kept warm and pressed for 10 minutes at a pressure of 5 MPa and 70°C, and then cooled to room temperature.

[0073] It should be noted that in actual implementation, a release agent is sprayed in the hot pressing mold, or a release film or release paper is used to enable the hot pressing molded product to be completely and smoothly released from the mold. After demolding, the surface PU film also plays the role of composite material molding coating.

[0074] A method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate further includes: preparing a second composite layer consisting of a first composite layer and a bullet-proof layer 1. The specific steps are: pasting the bullet-proof layer 1 on the buffer layer 3 of the first composite layer.

[0075] In this embodiment, the anti-bullet layer 1 is made of a 10 mm thick boron carbide (B4C) ceramic plate, which is adhered to the carbon fiber plate of the first composite layer using petroleum resin 608.

[0076] A method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate also includes: wrapping a coating layer 4 on the outer side of a second composite layer.

[0077] It is worth noting that in step (3), the PU film is wrapped around the outside of each board, and in addition to the upper and lower surfaces, the surrounding sides are also wrapped with the PU film. That is to say, the PU film is provided on the outside of the carbon fiber board, aramid board and PE board, so that the adhesion with the external coating layer can be improved.

[0078] In this embodiment, petroleum resin-based 608 glue is used to stick aramid woven fabric with a thickness of 0.2 mm on the outside of the second composite layer for wrapping. The specific data and test data are shown in Table 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] In this comparative example, a method for preparing a composite armor plate of a PE plate and a ceramic plate coated with an aramid woven fabric is provided, that is, the method for preparing the composite armor plate described in comparative example 1. The steps are basically the same as those in Example 2, except that the thickness of each layer is changed, the thickness of the carbon fiber plate is 2 mm, and the thickness of the aramid plate is 2 mm. The composite bulletproof armor plate described in comparative example 1 is obtained, and the specific parameters and test data are shown in Table 2.

[0081] Comparative Example 4

[0082] In this comparative example, a method for preparing a composite armor plate of a PE plate, a film material and a ceramic plate coated with an aramid woven fabric is provided, i.e., the method for preparing the composite armor plate described in comparative example 2. The steps are basically the same as those in Example 2, except that the intermediate buffer layer is omitted and replaced by a film material layer, and the thickness of each layer is changed to obtain the composite bulletproof armor plate described in comparative example 2. The specific parameters and test data are shown in Table 3.

[0083] Detection and analysis

[0084] The test analysis of the composite bulletproof armor plates corresponding to Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are described below.

[0085] Ignoring the thickness of the adhesive between the layers, the thickness of the composite bulletproof armor plate provided in Example 1 is about 19.4 mm. Using 7.62×63 mm API bullets and firing three shots at a distance of 15 m, the depression value of the composite bulletproof armor plate is ≤20 mm, which has a relatively high effective defense performance.

[0086] After the armor plate is shot, Figure 3 As shown, no clear separation of the layers occurred.

[0087] Table 1 Sample parameters, test parameters and test results of Example 2

[0088]

[0089] Table 2 Sample parameters, test parameters and test results of comparative example 1

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] Table 3 Sample parameters, test parameters and test results of comparative example 2

[0093]

[0094] After testing, it was found that the composite bulletproof armor plate provided in Example 1 has a surface density of no more than 40 kg / m 2 (Example 1 is about 2.924kg, area is about 750cm 2 , converted, the surface density is about 39kg / m 2 ), but it can effectively resist the impact of bullets at a range of 15m and a bullet speed of about 870m / s.

[0095] In summary, the composite bulletproof armor plate provided by the present invention is suitable for use in military defense equipment (armored vehicles, soldiers' bulletproof vests, etc.), especially vehicle armor defense. Of course, it can also be used as a defense in places where important information and data are stored, such as in the vaults of financial institutions, offices of important national institutions, and transportation vehicles for high-value items.

[0096] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite bulletproof armor plate, characterized in that: The composite bulletproof armor plate is a multi-layer composite structure, including a bullet-proof layer and a barrier layer, and a buffer layer arranged between the bullet-proof layer and the barrier layer, and the structure of the buffer layer is: The carbon fiber layer adjacent to the bullet-proof layer and the aramid layer adjacent to the barrier layer, and the bullet-proof layer, the carbon fiber layer, the aramid layer and the barrier layer are all bonded with adhesives between adjacent layers.

2. The composite bulletproof armor plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes one or more of the following technical features: A. a coating layer arranged outside the multi-layer composite structure; B. A covering layer is arranged outside the multi-layer composite structure, and the covering layer is an aramid woven fabric.

3. The composite bulletproof armor plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes one or more of the following technical features: A. The anti-bullet layer is a ceramic plate; B. The barrier layer is a PE board.

4. The method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: preparing a first composite layer by a hot pressing method, wherein the first composite layer is obtained by stacking an upper adhesive film, a carbon fiber plate, a middle adhesive film, an aramid plate, a middle adhesive film, a PE plate and a lower adhesive film in sequence from top to bottom, and then performing a hot pressing treatment.

5. The method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes one or more of the following technical features: A. The upper film, the first middle film, the second middle film and the lower film are all made of PU film; B. The first middle film and / or the second middle film are double-layer films.

6. The method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hot pressing treatment parameters are: 4-6 MPa pressure, 65-75° C. temperature, heat preservation and pressure maintenance for 8-12 minutes and then cooling.

7. The method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The elastic layer is arranged on the adhesive film of the first composite layer to form a second composite layer.

8. The method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A covering layer is wrapped outside the second composite layer.

9. The method for preparing a composite bulletproof armor plate according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The anti-bullet layer is a boron carbide ceramic plate.

10. Use of the composite bulletproof armor plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in an armored vehicle or a money transporter.

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