Early warning method, early warning system and equipment for roadway deformation and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides an early warning method, an early warning system and equipment for roadway deformation and a storage medium, and the method achieves the real-time distance data collection of a plurality of target points of a roadway through the scanning and measurement of the section of the roadway through the preset first device and second device. And the deformation of the section of the roadway is accurately calculated by combining the top plate sinking data and the historical data. Different from a traditional method that only the distance between two points is monitored, the method covers a plurality of points of the section of the roadway, so that deformation data are more comprehensive and accurate, and the technical problems that in the prior art, monitoring is not accurate enough, and the maximum deformation cannot be captured are effectively solved. In addition, by setting a deformation threshold value and executing early warning measures, potential safety hazards can be found in time, and reliable guarantee is provided for mine safety production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel deformation monitoring, and in particular to an early warning method, early warning system, equipment and storage medium for tunnel deformation. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel deformation monitoring is a key link in mine safety management. During the mining process, tunnels are affected by multiple factors such as underground stress, mining impact, and changes in geological conditions, and are prone to deformation phenomena such as roof sinking, sidewall movement, and floor bulging. If these deformations are not monitored and warned in a timely and accurate manner, they may lead to tunnel instability or even collapse, seriously threatening the safety of mine workers. Therefore, how to monitor tunnel deformation in real time and accurately is an important issue to ensure mine safety production.

[0003] Traditional methods for monitoring deformation of tunnels usually use manual measurement, such as the cross measurement method. This method mainly involves manually arranging measurement points in the tunnel and regularly reading the displacement data of these points. However, manual measurement has a large lag, making it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring. At the same time, it is also difficult to reflect the overall deformation of the tunnel section by relying on only a few measurement points. With the advancement of technology, non-contact measurement technologies such as laser ranging and radar ranging have gradually been introduced into tunnel monitoring. These devices can realize automatic monitoring of tunnel deformation, and judge the deformation of the tunnel by scanning the tunnel section and measuring the change in the distance from the tunnel wall to the measuring device.

[0004] Although methods such as laser ranging and radar ranging have improved the automation and accuracy of monitoring, they mainly infer deformation by measuring the distance changes between certain key points on the roadway section. There is a key problem with this method, that is, the selection and distribution of measurement points have a direct impact on the accuracy of the monitoring results. If the selected measurement points are not located in the area with the largest deformation, the monitoring results may not reflect the actual deformation degree of the roadway. In addition, roadway deformation is often non-uniform, and the distance changes of only a few key points cannot fully capture the overall deformation trend of the roadway, especially in areas with stress concentration or prominent local deformation, there may be monitoring blind spots.

[0005] In summary, the existing tunnel deformation monitoring methods have the problem of inaccurate monitoring, making it difficult to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the overall deformation of the tunnel section and unable to effectively capture the maximum deformation of the tunnel and its dangerous information. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and provide an early warning method, early warning system, equipment and storage medium for tunnel deformation, so as to solve the technical problem of inaccurate monitoring of tunnel deformation in related technologies.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an early warning method for tunnel deformation, the method comprising:

[0009] Controlling a preset first device to perform a preset scanning action on a target section in the tunnel to obtain current distance scanning data of a plurality of target points;

[0010] Control a second device corresponding to the first device to measure the tunnel roof subsidence data of a target section in the tunnel;

[0011] extracting stored historical range scan data corresponding to the plurality of target points;

[0012] Determine the deformation data of the target section based on the historical distance scanning data of the multiple target points, the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points and the tunnel roof sinking data;

[0013] When the deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, a preset early warning measure is executed.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an early warning system for tunnel deformation, the system comprising:

[0015] A first device is used to perform a preset scanning action on a target section in the tunnel to obtain current distance scanning data of a plurality of target points;

[0016] A second device, corresponding to the second device, is used to measure the tunnel roof subsidence data of the target section in the tunnel;

[0017] A control device is used to extract the stored historical distance scanning data corresponding to the multiple target points, and then determine the deformation data of the target section based on the historical distance scanning data of the multiple target points, the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points and the tunnel roof sinking data; and when the deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, execute preset early warning measures.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising: a memory, and one or more processors communicatively connected to the memory; the memory stores instructions executable by the one or more processors, and the instructions are executed by the one or more processors so that the one or more processors implement the above-mentioned method.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program implements the above method when executed by a processor.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention uses a preset first device and a second device to scan and measure the tunnel section, thereby realizing real-time distance data collection of multiple target points in the tunnel, and combining roof subsidence data and historical data to accurately calculate the deformation of the tunnel section. Unlike the traditional method of only monitoring the distance between two points, this method covers multiple points of the tunnel section, making the deformation data more comprehensive and accurate, thereby effectively solving the technical problems of inaccurate monitoring and inability to capture the maximum deformation in the prior art. In addition, by setting a deformation threshold and executing early warning measures, the present invention can timely discover potential safety hazards and provide reliable protection for mine safety production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for early warning of tunnel deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a scene example diagram of a method for early warning of tunnel deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a scene example diagram of a method for early warning of tunnel deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a scene example diagram of a method for early warning of tunnel deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a scene example diagram of a method for early warning of tunnel deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a scene example diagram of a method for early warning of tunnel deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a scene example diagram of a method for early warning of tunnel deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a block diagram of an electronic device used in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for early warning of tunnel deformation, the method may be performed by a control device, and the method may include:

[0032] Step S12: controlling a preset first device to perform a preset scanning action on a target section in the tunnel to obtain current distance scanning data of a plurality of target points.

[0033] In this embodiment, the control action can be represented as the control device issuing an instruction to the first device, so that the first device performs a preset scanning action on the target section in the tunnel to obtain current distance scanning data of multiple target points.

[0034] In this embodiment, scanning parameters can be preset in the instruction. The control device pre-sets the scanning parameters, including scanning angle, angle increment, scanning speed and scanning range. For a 360° rotating laser rangefinder, the control device can set the angle increment (such as 10°) for each rotation to ensure multi-point scanning covering the entire section. The control device sends a start instruction to the first device (for example, a laser rangefinder) to start scanning the target section of the tunnel according to the preset scanning parameters. The control device controls the laser rangefinder to rotate step by step at a preset angle. At each rotation angle position, the laser rangefinder emits a laser to different points on the tunnel section and records the distance data of each target point.

[0035] In this embodiment, during the scanning process, the first device can transmit the distance measurement data of each target point to the control device in real time. The control device can perform preliminary verification and storage on these data to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data. After the first device completes the scanning of the preset range, the control device stops the scanning process and integrates the distance data of all scanning angles to form a current distance data set of multiple target points on the target section.

[0036] In this embodiment, the instruction may be a one-time instruction. Specifically, the control device sends a one-time scanning instruction, and the first device immediately performs a single scanning action after receiving the instruction. After the scanning is completed, the first device automatically transmits the current scanning data (i.e., the distance data of multiple target points) back to the control device.

[0037] In this embodiment, the instruction may also be a periodic instruction. Specifically, the instruction sent by the control device includes a setting for periodic scanning, so that the first device performs periodic scanning at a preset time interval or frequency. After receiving the periodic instruction, the first device automatically triggers scanning at a preset frequency, and returns the current distance scanning data to the control device after each scan is completed. The control device can continuously obtain real-time scanning data in this way to achieve continuous monitoring of tunnel deformation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the first device may be a rotating laser rangefinder.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first device may be a three-dimensional laser scanner.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first device may be a laser radar (LiDAR).

[0041] In this embodiment, the target section can be represented as a cross section in the tunnel. The target section can be a cross section at a key position. For example, support installation positions, tunnel corners, intersections, or locations with significant deformation. These areas usually have concentrated stress and a greater risk of deformation. Monitoring as a target section can provide key safety information. The target section can be a cross section in a dangerous area. For example, in areas where geological structural weaknesses are known or where deformation has occurred multiple times in history, the cross sections of these areas are set as target sections for key monitoring to improve the pertinence of early warning.

[0042] In some embodiments, the tunnel may be divided into multiple sections according to length, and one or more sections in each section may be selected as target sections for monitoring, so as to grasp the deformation trends at different locations in real time.

[0043] In this embodiment, the target point can be represented by a plurality of measurement points distributed on the target section, and these measurement points are used to collect displacement or distance data of various parts of the target section so as to comprehensively monitor the deformation of the section.

[0044] In this embodiment, the target points may be multiple measuring points on the left and right sides, which may be distributed on the walls on both sides of the tunnel, and are used to monitor the horizontal displacement or movement of the tunnel walls.

[0045] In this embodiment, the target point may also be a measurement point of the roof, which may be distributed on the top of the tunnel to monitor the sinking or deformation of the roof.

[0046] In this embodiment, the target point may also be a measuring point of the bottom plate, or may be set at the bottom of the tunnel to monitor the uplift or sinking of the bottom plate.

[0047] In this embodiment, the target points can be evenly distributed on the target cross section to cover the entire cross section, so as to fully capture the deformation of each part of the cross section and ensure that no possible deformation area is missed.

[0048] Step S14: controlling a second device corresponding to the first device to measure the tunnel roof subsidence data of a target section in the tunnel.

[0049] In this embodiment, the control action can be expressed as the control device sending a measurement instruction to the second device (for example, a delamination meter) so that the second device collects the sinking data of the tunnel roof. The control device sends a start instruction to the second device, and the instruction may include parameters such as measurement frequency or sampling interval to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the sinking data. After receiving the instruction, the second device starts to measure the distance between the tunnel roof and the stable rock formation to obtain the sinking displacement data of the tunnel roof. The device will measure regularly according to the preset sampling interval and return the measurement results to the control device. The control device continues to receive the sinking data sent back by the second device and stores the data for subsequent analysis.

[0050] In this embodiment, the correspondence can be expressed as the first device and the second device are both installed near the target section. Such an installation position ensures that the two devices are aimed at the same section and realize all-round monitoring of the same structural area. The first device is responsible for obtaining the distance data of multiple target points on the target section, while the second device is responsible for measuring the sinking data of the tunnel roof. The control device controls the measurement time or frequency of the two devices so that the measurement results of the two devices can be obtained within the same time range, thereby realizing data synchronization.

[0051] Step S16: extracting the stored historical distance scanning data corresponding to the plurality of target points.

[0052] The historical distance scanning data in this embodiment is distance data collected and stored by the first device during the previous monitoring process by scanning multiple target points on the target section.

[0053] It is understandable that the position of each target point in the historical distance scanning data corresponds to the position of the target point in the current distance scanning data, so as to directly compare the distance changes at different time points and help identify the deformation of the section. The historical data provides a reference distance of the target section in the non-deformed or initial state. By comparing the current scanning data with the historical data, the control device can accurately calculate the displacement of each target point, thereby determining the deformation trend of the section.

[0054] Step S18: Determine the deformation data of the target section based on the historical distance scanning data of the multiple target points, the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points and the tunnel roof sinking data.

[0055] In this embodiment, the deformation data may be expressed as the deformation area of ​​the target section.

[0056] In this embodiment, the deformation data may also be expressed as the maximum displacement distance of the target point.

[0057] In this embodiment, the deformation data may also be expressed as the sum of the displacement distances of the target points.

[0058] In this embodiment, the deformation data can also be expressed as the average displacement distance of the target point. It can be understood that the displacement distances of all target points on the target section are averaged to obtain the average displacement distance. The average displacement can reflect the average deformation of the entire section, which is a comprehensive quantification of the overall deformation trend of the section.

[0059] In this embodiment, the deformation data can also be expressed as the variance or standard deviation of the displacement distance of the target point. It can be understood that the variance or standard deviation of the displacement distance of the target point is calculated to measure the dispersion of the displacement data. If the standard deviation is large, it means that the deformation of different areas of the cross section is uneven, and there may be areas where local deformation is more concentrated.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the above method may include:

[0061] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The laser rangefinder is a rotatable laser rangefinder with an adjustable rotation angle and can achieve 360° rotation. It scans the tunnel section and measures the distance using the emitted laser. After the laser rangefinder is installed, if the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder is set to 10° each time, after the first section scan, the laser rangefinder has an initial value at the 1-19 position, and the laser rangefinder will continue to scan the entire section. In the figure, a delamination meter is installed next to the laser rangefinder on the roof, which is used to measure the delamination between the tunnel roof and the stable rock layer. The stable rock layer is generally a key layer. When the tunnel is excavated and certain mining conditions are met, the rock layer can be regarded as a rock layer that does not move.

[0062] In actual work, if it is necessary to measure the changes in the cross-section of the tunnel, some fixed points can be used as target points to calculate the changes in the target points. For example, 4, 10, and 16 can be used as index points, and the intersection point O of the line connecting AC and BD can be used as the coordinate origin. AB and AC are the initial values, and AB” and AC’ are the values ​​after deformation. Due to the force characteristics of the tunnel, it can be approximately considered that the points on the two sides move in the horizontal direction, such as point B moving horizontally to point B’, and the points on the top and bottom plates move in the vertical direction, such as point C moving vertically to point C’.

[0063] First, based on the current distance scanning data of multiple target points on the left side of the tunnel, the historical distance scanning data and the tunnel roof sinking data, a first target point position data set is determined; wherein the first target point position data set is the position data of the target point after the left side of the tunnel is deformed.

[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, it can be understood that the straight lines of the four faces in the figure are the left side of the lane, the right side of the lane, the top plate of the lane and the bottom plate of the lane. It can be expressed as the state of the lane before deformation. Correspondingly, the curves of the four faces in the figure are the states of the left side of the lane, the right side of the lane, the top plate of the lane and the bottom plate of the lane after deformation. It can be understood that the left side and the right side of the lane shrink inward, the top plate of the lane sinks, and the top plate of the lane rises.

[0065] A can be represented as the position of the first device (laser rangefinder) before sinking, and A' can be represented as the position of the first device (laser rangefinder) after sinking. E(3) and B(4) are selected target points. They are also the target points sampled before deformation. E'(3) and B'(4) are points corresponding to E(3) and B(4). It can be understood that the distance data between E'(3) and B'(4) and the laser rangefinder cannot be directly sampled.

[0066] It is understandable that after deformation, the left side of the tunnel protrudes inward, while the tunnel roof sinks, and for the first device, the sampling is based on the rotation angle, and the two samplings before and after, with the same rotation angle, are the same target point for the first device. Therefore, the target point sampled after deformation and the target point sampled before deformation, their ordinate and abscissa will change (point O can be used as the center of the circle).

[0067] To describe it in more detail, that is to say, before the deformation, the distance data between the laser rangefinder point A and the point B (4) is determined by the laser rangefinder.

[0068] After deformation, the distance data between laser rangefinder point A' and point B" (4) are determined by the laser rangefinder.

[0069] Because the laser rangefinder cannot identify the two points B'(4) and B"(4). For the laser rangefinder, sampling points are performed according to the preset rotation angle. Therefore, when the left side of the tunnel protrudes inward and the tunnel roof sinks, the target point B(4) before sampling moves to B'(4). However, the laser rangefinder can only measure the distance data of point B"(4).

[0070] In this or the second measurement, point B”(4) is the target point corresponding to point B(4) because they have the same rotation angle, although the actual deformed position of point B(4) should be point B'(4).

[0071] It can be understood that point B”” (4) is the point obtained by drawing a vertical line from B” (4) to the left side of the tunnel. Point B”'(4) is the point obtained by extending A'B”. Point B'(4) is the intersection of point B(4) extended to the right and the deformed left side of the tunnel.

[0072] AB is the distance measured after the last cross-sectional scan of the laser rangefinder (that is, the historical distance scan data), and A'B" is the distance measured after the current cross-sectional scan. Therefore, B"B"'=AB-A'B". It can be understood that AB and A'B" are parallel, so A, B(4), B"'(4) and A' can form a parallelogram. Therefore, B"B"'=AB-A'B".

[0073] Therefore, ∠BB”'B” can be obtained from the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder, so B””B”=B”B”'cos∠BB”'B”. This can be obtained through the trigonometric function relationship.

[0074] Therefore, B””B”'=B”B”'sin∠BB”'B”.

[0075] Further, B""B=B"'BB""B"'. It can be understood that B"'B is actually the tunnel roof sinking data, that is, the distance data of AA', which can be measured by the second device.

[0076] The coordinates of the target point B (4) on the left side of the alley are known coordinate points (for example, point O can be taken as the coordinate center), which can be set to B = (xo, yo), and the coordinates of B are set to B" = (x, y), x = -|OB-B""B"|, y = -B""B.

[0077] Through the above analysis and calculation, it can be known that in the previous sampling (sampling before deformation), the position information of the target point, such as point B(4), can be determined. In this sampling, based on the position information of the target point B(4) in the sampling before deformation (that is, the historical distance scanning data) and the current distance scanning data (that is, A'B"), as well as the tunnel roof subsidence data (that is, AA'), combined with the relationship of parallelograms and the conversion of trigonometric functions, the position information of the current target point can be further determined.

[0078] The current target point is point B"(4). It can be understood from the figure that after the left side is deformed, the target point B(4) moves to B'(4). The distance scanning data of B'(4) cannot be obtained by the laser rangefinder. Because of the deformation, it is impossible to determine the specific position of point B'(4).

[0079] Therefore, the position information of the current target point can be determined based on the current distance scanning data of the target point on the left side of the tunnel, the historical distance scanning data and the tunnel roof sinking data.

[0080] The current target point is point B”(4). The distance data between point B”(4) and point B(4) are measured by the laser rangefinder at the same rotation angle.

[0081] Therefore, the position information of multiple current target displacement points can be determined by the above method. Accordingly, after the position information of multiple current target displacement points is obtained, the curve of the deformed left side of the lane can be fitted.

[0082] Therefore, the first target point position data set can be represented as a data set including the position information of multiple target points after the left side of the tunnel is deformed.

[0083] Then, based on the current distance scanning data of multiple target points on the right side of the tunnel, the historical distance scanning data and the tunnel roof sinking data, a second target point position data set is determined; wherein, the second target point position data set is the position data of the target point after the right side of the tunnel is deformed.

[0084] The calculation process of determining the second target point position data set is similar to the calculation process of determining the first target point position data set, and will not be described in detail here.

[0085] Next, based on the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points on the tunnel roof, the historical distance scanning data and the tunnel roof sinking data, a third sinking point position data set is determined; wherein the third sinking point position data set is position data representing the displacement points corresponding to the multiple target points on the tunnel roof after the tunnel roof sinks.

[0086] like Figure 5 As shown, point F' is the target point sampled by the laser rangefinder in the last cross-sectional scan. The distance data of AF' is the measured distance of the laser rangefinder in the last cross-sectional scan.

[0087] Point F" is the target point sampled by the laser rangefinder in this cross-sectional scan. The distance data of A'F" is the measured distance of the laser rangefinder in this cross-sectional scan.

[0088] Point F'' is the intersection of the deformed cross section extending downward from point F', that is, the intersection with the bottom plate.

[0089] Point F"" is the intersection of point F' and A'F" when it is extended downward.

[0090] The goal is to obtain the coordinates of point F”'. The horizontal coordinate of point F”' is the same as that of point F', and the key point to obtain the value is to calculate the vertical coordinate of F”'A.

[0091] The vertical coordinate is calculated by:

[0092] The first scanning sampling can obtain AF', and the second scanning sampling can obtain A'F", AA' is the measurement value of the delamination instrument. Since AA'F""F' is a parallelogram, A'F""=AF', F"F""=A'F"-A'F"".

[0093] Therefore, ∠AA'F”=∠F'F””F”.

[0094] ∠AA'F" can be obtained from the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder, so F"'F""≈F"F""cos∠AA'F". Then F'F"'=F'F""-F"'F"". Finally, the ordinate of F"' can be calculated.

[0095] The calculation process of F”'F”” uses approximate values. Due to the short patrol cycle, the value of F”'F”” is generally small, which meets the monitoring accuracy requirements.

[0096] Therefore, through the above calculation, the position information of point F'' can be determined, and point F'' is the point to which the target point F' actually moves after deformation, not the point obtained by the second sampling. In other words, during the second sampling, point F'' is not a direct sampling point, but a point obtained by the above calculation, and this point is located on the deformation curve.

[0097] Similarly, the coordinates of other points on the top plate after deformation can be obtained.

[0098] Finally, based on the current distance scanning data of multiple target points on the tunnel floor, the historical distance scanning data and the tunnel roof sinking data, a fourth target point position data set is determined; wherein the fourth target point position data set is the position data of the target point after the tunnel floor rises.

[0099] like Figure 6 As shown, AD is the measured distance after the last cross-sectional scan of the laser rangefinder (that is, the historical distance scanning data).

[0100] Point C is the target point obtained by sampling at an angle perpendicular to the horizontal plane during the last cross-sectional scanning of the laser rangefinder.

[0101] Point C' (10) is the target point obtained by sampling at an angle perpendicular to the horizontal plane during the current cross-sectional scanning of the laser rangefinder.

[0102] AD is the laser beam of the last cross-sectional scan, and point D is the target point obtained by the laser rangefinder during the last cross-sectional scan.

[0103] A'D' is the laser beam for this cross-sectional scanning, and point D' is the target point obtained by the laser rangefinder during this cross-sectional scanning.

[0104] It can be understood that AD and A'D' are parallel because the same angle is sampled.

[0105] We can extend point D' downward to draw a vertical line of the bottom plate to obtain D'D"'.

[0106] We can extend D'D"' upwards to get point D". Point D" is the intersection of the edge D'D"' extended upwards and AD.

[0107] Therefore, because of the parallelogram relationship, we can get: D”D’=AA’. AA’ is also the tunnel roof subsidence data.

[0108] Because, the length of D'D"' is actually D"D"'-D"D'. And D"D'=AA'. And D"D"'=D"Ds in∠ADC. And ∠ADC is the angle corresponding to the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder, so the length of D'D"' can be calculated.

[0109] Also, through the relationship of trigonometric functions, we can get: DD"'=DD"cos∠D"DC. In fact, ∠D"DC is equal to ∠ADC, both of which correspond to the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder.

[0110] If the coordinates of point D are known (for example, point O can be taken as the coordinate center), the coordinates of D' can be obtained.

[0111] Specifically, if point O is taken as the coordinate center, the distance of AC can be measured when the laser rangefinder last scanned the section. The distance of AD can be measured when the laser rangefinder last scanned the section. ∠ADC is the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder. Therefore, the length of DC can be obtained through the trigonometric function relationship. The coordinate of point D is also determined.

[0112] On the basis of determining the coordinates of point D, the length of DD”’ has been obtained, so the horizontal coordinate of D’ can be obtained.

[0113] On the basis of determining the coordinates of point D, the length of D”'D’ has been obtained, so the ordinate of D’ can be obtained.

[0114] Similarly, the coordinates of other points on the base plate after deformation can be obtained through the above method.

[0115] Based on the first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set and the fourth target point position data set, the deformation data of the target section is determined.

[0116] like Figure 7 As shown, a curve can be fitted based on the first target point position data set to obtain a p(x) curve, and the P(x) curve is the deformed lane, that is, the deformed left side.

[0117] A curve can be fitted based on the second target point position data set to obtain a g(x) curve, which is the deformed lane, that is, the deformed right side.

[0118] The curve can be fitted based on the third sinking point position data set to obtain the f(x) curve, which is the deformed tunnel, that is, the deformed tunnel roof.

[0119] A curve fitting can be performed based on the fourth target point position data set to obtain a q(x) curve, and the q(x) curve is the deformed lane, that is, the deformed lane floor.

[0120] Therefore, S = ∫f(x)+∫q(x)-∫p(x)-∫g(x).

[0121] Let the area after the previous cross-section scan be S O , then the change rate of the tunnel cross-sectional area △S=S O -S.

[0122] Therefore, in this specific embodiment, the deformation data can be expressed as the total deformation area ΔS of the target section.

[0123] Step S20: When the deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, a preset early warning measure is executed.

[0124] In this embodiment, when the deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, the control device can immediately send out an audible and visual alarm signal by controlling the on-site audible and visual alarm device (for example, a buzzer, a warning light, etc.) to remind on-site personnel to pay attention to the safety condition of the tunnel.

[0125] In this embodiment, when the deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, the control device can send an alarm message to the mine monitoring center or the equipment of relevant managers (e.g., mobile phone, computer, etc.) through the network. The alarm message may include the deformation data, the specific location exceeding the threshold, the deformation trend, etc., so that the managers can grasp the status of the tunnel in time.

[0126] In this embodiment, when the deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, the control device can automatically record the current alarm information in the system log, including detailed information such as deformation data, alarm time, and deformation point position.

[0127] In some embodiments, the control device can be linked with other equipment (e.g., ventilators, support equipment). When the deformation exceeds a threshold, the control device can automatically activate these equipment, such as increasing ventilation to reduce gas concentration, or activating reinforcement equipment to support the tunnel.

[0128] In this embodiment, by using the preset first device and second device to scan and measure the tunnel section, real-time distance data collection of multiple target points in the tunnel is achieved, and the deformation of the tunnel section is accurately calculated by combining the roof subsidence data and historical data. Unlike the traditional method of only monitoring the distance between two points, this method covers multiple points of the tunnel section, making the deformation data more comprehensive and accurate, thereby effectively solving the technical problems of inaccurate monitoring and inability to capture the maximum deformation in the prior art. In addition, by setting the deformation threshold and executing early warning measures, this embodiment can timely discover potential safety hazards and provide reliable protection for mine safety production.

[0129] In some embodiments, the plurality of target points include a plurality of target points located on the left side of the lane, a plurality of target points on the right side of the lane, a plurality of target points on the top plate of the lane, or a plurality of target points on the bottom plate of the lane;

[0130] The step of determining the deformation data of the target section based on the historical distance scanning data of the multiple target points, the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points and the tunnel roof sinking data comprises:

[0131] Step S182: Determine a first target point position data set based on the current distance scanning data of multiple target points on the left side of the lane, the historical distance scanning data, and the lane roof sinking data; wherein the first target point position data set is the position data of the target point after the left side of the lane is deformed; and / or,

[0132] Step S184: Determine a second target point position data set based on the current distance scanning data of multiple target points on the right side of the lane, the historical distance scanning data, and the lane roof sinking data; wherein the second target point position data set is the position data of the target point after the right side of the lane is deformed; and / or,

[0133] Step S186: determining a third sinking point position data set based on the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points on the tunnel roof, the historical distance scanning data, and the tunnel roof sinking data; wherein the third sinking point position data set is position data representing displacement points corresponding to the multiple target points on the tunnel roof after the tunnel roof sinks; and / or,

[0134] Step S188: Determine a fourth target point position data set based on the current distance scanning data of multiple target points on the tunnel floor, the historical distance scanning data, and the tunnel roof sinking data; wherein the fourth target point position data set represents the position data of the target point after the tunnel floor rises.

[0135] Step S1810: Determine the deformation data of the target section based on the first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set and the fourth target point position data set.

[0136] In this embodiment, one or more of the first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set, and the fourth target point position data set may be calculated.

[0137] Correspondingly, the deformation data of the target section may also be determined based on the one or more data sets.

[0138] In this implementation, by acquiring the historical distance data and current distance data of multiple target points on the left side, right side, top plate and bottom plate of the tunnel, and combining the top plate sinking data, the specific position of each part after deformation is accurately calculated. By gradually generating the target point position data set of the left side, right side, top plate and bottom plate, a comprehensive monitoring of the overall deformation of the tunnel section is achieved. This method can fully reflect the displacement changes in different areas of the tunnel section, especially key deformation trends such as top plate sinking and bottom plate uplift, which helps to capture potential dangerous deformations in a timely manner. At the same time, through the precise calculation of multi-point data, richer deformation data is provided, so that the early warning system can make more accurate risk assessment and response based on complete cross-sectional information, thereby improving the safety and reliability of tunnel monitoring.

[0139] In some embodiments, the deformation data is represented by a deformation area of ​​the target section; the step of determining the deformation data of the target section based on the first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set and / or the fourth target point position data set comprises:

[0140] According to the first target point position data set, a first deformation curve is fitted; wherein the first deformation curve is a curve representing the left side of the lane after deformation; and / or,

[0141] According to the second target point position data set, a second deformation curve is fitted; wherein the second deformation curve is a curve representing the deformation of the right side of the lane; and / or,

[0142] According to the third sinking point position data set, a third deformation curve is fitted; wherein the third deformation curve is a curve representing the tunnel roof after sinking occurs; and / or,

[0143] Fitting a fourth deformation curve according to the fourth target point position data set; wherein the fourth deformation curve is a curve representing the tunnel floor after it has bulged;

[0144] Based on the first deformation curve, the second deformation curve, the third deformation curve and / or the fourth deformation curve, a deformation area of ​​the target cross section is determined.

[0145] In this embodiment, one or more of the first deformation curve, the second deformation curve, the third deformation curve and the fourth deformation curve may be calculated, and the deformation area of ​​the target section may also be determined based on the one or more deformation curves.

[0146] This implementation method fits the deformation data of the left side, right side, top plate and bottom plate of the tunnel into corresponding deformation curves, generates curve models of the left side, right side, top plate sinking and bottom plate uplift, and then accurately calculates the deformation area of ​​the tunnel section. This method reflects the specific deformation morphology of each part of the tunnel section through multi-curve fitting, avoiding the limitation of traditional methods that only rely on the change of point distance, thereby obtaining the true area of ​​the overall deformation of the section. This method can not only capture the details of local deformation, but also intuitively quantify the degree of deformation of the entire section, providing more accurate data support for risk assessment and early warning. This method improves the sensitivity of the tunnel monitoring system to potential deformation risks, which is helpful for the safe management and maintenance of mines.

[0147] In some embodiments, the step of determining the deformation area of ​​the target section based on the first deformation curve, the second deformation curve, the third deformation curve and / or the fourth deformation curve includes:

[0148] Based on the first deformation curve, a first deformation area is determined; wherein the first deformation area represents the deformation area of ​​the left side of the lane;

[0149] Based on the second deformation curve, a second deformation area is determined; wherein the second deformation area represents the deformation area of ​​the right side of the lane;

[0150] Based on the third deformation curve, a third deformation area is determined; wherein the third deformation area represents the sinking area of ​​the tunnel roof;

[0151] Based on the fourth deformation curve, a fourth deformation area is determined; wherein the fourth deformation area represents the raised area of ​​the tunnel floor;

[0152] The first deformation area, the second deformation area, the third deformation area and the fourth deformation area are combined to obtain the total deformation area of ​​the target section, and the total deformation area is used as the deformation amount data.

[0153] This implementation method calculates the deformation areas of the left side, right side, top plate and bottom plate of the tunnel respectively, and merges these local deformation areas to obtain the total deformation area of ​​the target section. This method can refine and quantify the deformation information of each part of the tunnel section, accurately evaluate the deformation contribution of each area, and obtain the overall deformation area by merging, reflecting the overall deformation degree of the tunnel section. This local to overall calculation method makes the deformation data more comprehensive, helps to accurately identify the main source areas of deformation, effectively improves the monitoring and analysis capabilities of potential risks, and provides a more reliable basis for the early warning system, thereby further ensuring the safety of the tunnel.

[0154] In some embodiments, the step of determining the deformation area of ​​the target section based on the first deformation curve, the second deformation curve, the third deformation curve and / or the fourth deformation curve includes:

[0155] Based on the first deformation curve, a first deformation area is determined; wherein the first deformation area represents the deformation area of ​​the left side of the lane;

[0156] Based on the second deformation curve, a second deformation area is determined; wherein the second deformation area represents the deformation area of ​​the right side of the lane;

[0157] Based on the third deformation curve, a third deformation area is determined; wherein the third deformation area represents the sinking area of ​​the tunnel roof;

[0158] Based on the fourth deformation curve, a fourth deformation area is determined; wherein the fourth deformation area represents the raised area of ​​the tunnel floor;

[0159] The largest deformation area is determined, and the largest deformation area is used as the deformation amount data.

[0160] This implementation method calculates the deformation areas of the left side, right side, top plate and bottom plate of the tunnel respectively, and extracts the largest deformation area as the final deformation data. This method can quickly identify the most significantly deformed areas in the tunnel section, thereby focusing on the most risky parts for early warning. Compared with the method of calculating the overall deformation area, this method is more targeted and can help the monitoring system give priority to key areas in the tunnel that may become unstable. It is suitable for identifying sudden or local severe deformations, providing a concise and accurate basis for risk assessment and emergency response, and effectively improving the response efficiency and safety level of the tunnel monitoring system.

[0161] In some embodiments, the deformation data is represented by the maximum displacement distance of the target point, and the step of determining the deformation data of the target section based on the first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set and / or the fourth target point position data set comprises:

[0162] The first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set and the fourth target point position data set are traversed respectively to obtain the maximum displacement distance of the target point, and the maximum displacement distance of the target point is used as the deformation data.

[0163] This implementation method traverses the target point position data set of the left side, right side, top plate and bottom plate, calculates and extracts the maximum displacement distance among all target points, and uses it as deformation data. This method can quickly identify the points with the most significant deformation in the tunnel section, thereby accurately locating potential risk areas. Compared with the calculation method of the overall deformation area or average displacement, the judgment of the maximum displacement distance is more suitable for capturing sudden or local significant deformation, providing a highly sensitive risk indication for the early warning system, helping the monitoring system to respond in time and take targeted safety protection measures to effectively improve the safety management level of the tunnel.

[0164] This embodiment provides an early warning system for tunnel deformation, the system comprising:

[0165] A first device is used to perform a preset scanning action on a target section in the tunnel to obtain current distance scanning data of a plurality of target points;

[0166] A second device, corresponding to the second device, is used to measure the tunnel roof subsidence data of the target section in the tunnel;

[0167] A control device is used to extract the stored historical distance scanning data corresponding to the multiple target points, and then determine the deformation data of the target section based on the historical distance scanning data of the multiple target points, the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points and the tunnel roof sinking data; and when the deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, execute preset early warning measures.

[0168] Furthermore, the first device is a laser rangefinder, and the second device is a delamination meter.

[0169] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is provided. Figure 8 The electronic device in this embodiment may include one or more of the following components: a processor, a network interface, a memory, a non-volatile memory, and one or more applications, wherein the one or more applications may be stored in the non-volatile memory and configured to be executed by one or more processors, and the one or more programs are configured to execute the method described in the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0170] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes the method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0171] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product including instructions is also provided. When the instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes a method in any one of the above embodiments.

[0172] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0173] Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0174] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0175] In the above embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0176] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of tunnel deformation, characterized in that: The method comprises: Controlling a preset first device to perform a preset scanning action on a target section in the tunnel to obtain current distance scanning data of a plurality of target points; Control a second device corresponding to the first device to measure the tunnel roof subsidence data of a target section in the tunnel; extracting stored historical range scan data corresponding to the plurality of target points; Determine the deformation data of the target section based on the historical distance scanning data of the multiple target points, the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points and the tunnel roof sinking data; When the deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, a preset early warning measure is executed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The multiple target points include multiple target points located on the left side of the lane, multiple target points on the right side of the lane, and multiple target points on the top plate or bottom plate of the lane; The step of determining the deformation data of the target section based on the historical distance scanning data of the multiple target points, the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points and the tunnel roof sinking data comprises: Based on the current distance scanning data of multiple target points on the left side of the tunnel, the historical distance scanning data and the tunnel roof sinking data, a first target point position data set is determined; wherein the first target point position data set is the position data of the target point after the left side of the tunnel is deformed; and / or, Based on the current distance scanning data of multiple target points on the right side of the lane, the historical distance scanning data and the lane roof sinking data, a second target point position data set is determined; wherein the second target point position data set is the position data of the target points after the right side of the lane is deformed; and / or, Based on the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points on the tunnel roof, the historical distance scanning data and the tunnel roof sinking data, a third sinking point position data set is determined; wherein the third sinking point position data set is position data representing displacement points corresponding to the multiple target points on the tunnel roof after the tunnel roof sinks; and / or, Determine a fourth target point position data set based on the current distance scanning data of the plurality of target points on the tunnel floor, the historical distance scanning data, and the tunnel roof sinking data; wherein the fourth target point position data set is position data of the target points after the tunnel floor rises; Based on the first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set and the fourth target point position data set, the deformation data of the target section is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The deformation data is represented as the deformation area of ​​the target section; the step of determining the deformation data of the target section based on the first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set and / or the fourth target point position data set comprises: According to the first target point position data set, a first deformation curve is fitted; wherein the first deformation curve is a curve representing the left side of the lane after deformation; and / or, According to the second target point position data set, a second deformation curve is fitted; wherein the second deformation curve is a curve representing the deformation of the right side of the lane; and / or, According to the third sinking point position data set, a third deformation curve is fitted; wherein the third deformation curve is a curve representing the tunnel roof after sinking occurs; and / or, Fitting a fourth deformation curve according to the fourth target point position data set; wherein the fourth deformation curve is a curve representing the tunnel floor after it has bulged; Based on the first deformation curve, the second deformation curve, the third deformation curve and / or the fourth deformation curve, a deformation area of ​​the target cross section is determined.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of determining the deformation area of ​​the target section based on the first deformation curve, the second deformation curve, the third deformation curve and / or the fourth deformation curve comprises: Based on the first deformation curve, a first deformation area is determined; wherein the first deformation area represents the deformation area of ​​the left side of the lane; Based on the second deformation curve, a second deformation area is determined; wherein the second deformation area represents the deformation area of ​​the right side of the lane; Based on the third deformation curve, a third deformation area is determined; wherein the third deformation area represents the sinking area of ​​the tunnel roof; Based on the fourth deformation curve, a fourth deformation area is determined; wherein the fourth deformation area represents the raised area of ​​the tunnel floor; The first deformation area, the second deformation area, the third deformation area and the fourth deformation area are combined to obtain the total deformation area of ​​the target section, and the total deformation area is used as the deformation amount data.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of determining the deformation area of ​​the target section based on the first deformation curve, the second deformation curve, the third deformation curve and / or the fourth deformation curve comprises: Based on the first deformation curve, a first deformation area is determined; wherein the first deformation area represents the deformation area of ​​the left side of the lane; Based on the second deformation curve, a second deformation area is determined; wherein the second deformation area represents the deformation area of ​​the right side of the lane; Based on the third deformation curve, a third deformation area is determined; wherein the third deformation area represents the sinking area of ​​the tunnel roof; Based on the fourth deformation curve, a fourth deformation area is determined; wherein the fourth deformation area represents the raised area of ​​the tunnel floor; The largest deformation area is determined, and the largest deformation area is used as the deformation amount data.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the deformation data is represented by the maximum displacement distance of the target point, and the step of determining the deformation data of the target section based on the first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set and / or the fourth target point position data set comprises: The first target point position data set, the second target point position data set, the third sinking point position data set and the fourth target point position data set are traversed respectively to obtain the maximum displacement distance of the target point, and the maximum displacement distance of the target point is used as the deformation data.

7. An early warning system for tunnel deformation, characterized in that: The system comprises: A first device is used to perform a preset scanning action on a target section in the tunnel to obtain current distance scanning data of a plurality of target points; A second device, corresponding to the second device, is used to measure the tunnel roof subsidence data of the target section in the tunnel; A control device is used to extract the stored historical distance scanning data corresponding to the multiple target points, and then determine the deformation data of the target section based on the historical distance scanning data of the multiple target points, the current distance scanning data of the multiple target points and the tunnel roof sinking data; and when the deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, execute preset early warning measures.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The first device is a laser rangefinder, and the second device is a delamination meter.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: a memory, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the memory; The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the one or more processors. The instructions are executed by the one or more processors to enable the one or more processors to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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