Public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation method and system based on traffic entropy

Abstract

The invention discloses a public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation method and system based on traffic entropy, and relates to the technical field of public space emergency evacuation management, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a local evacuation test region; obtaining the total number of predicted current pedestrians and the predicted current pedestrian type composition; the current evacuation pedestrian density is determined, the current evacuation traffic entropy is determined, and the current evacuation difference type difference coefficient is determined; the crowd evacuation mixed traveling speed is calculated and obtained; determining the walking speed of the current segment; acquiring crowd evacuation movement duration according to the target evacuation walking path and the walking speed of each current segment; and determining whether the target public space meets an emergency evacuation demand or not according to a relationship between the crowd evacuation movement duration and an emergency duration threshold. According to the method, all influence factors in the mixed traffic flow are fully considered to calculate the crowd evacuation movement duration, and the technical problem that it is difficult to consider and determine the design rationality of public space traffic structure design from multiple influence factors in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of public space emergency evacuation management, and in particular to a public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation method and system based on traffic entropy. Background Art

[0002] Public space safe evacuation refers to the process of indoor personnel evacuating to indoor safe areas or outdoor safe areas. In existing designs, the rationality of the public space traffic structure design is usually determined by the duration of public space safe evacuation.

[0003] At present, the calculation of safe evacuation time in public spaces is based on pedestrian density. However, in the evacuation of public spaces, people of different ages and genders constitute mixed traffic flow. The more complex the composition of the crowd, the greater the mutual interference, the more chaotic the pedestrian state, and the more significant the impact on the average mixed speed. Therefore, there is internal energy loss in the mixed traffic flow, which has the characteristics of entropy. The simple prediction of pedestrian density cannot accurately describe the evacuation traffic state, making it difficult to accurately calculate the safe evacuation time of public spaces and determine the rationality of the design of public space traffic structure from multiple aspects. In view of this, it is necessary to propose a public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation method based on traffic entropy to solve or at least alleviate some of the above defects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public spaces based on traffic entropy, aiming to solve the technical problem that the prior art only relies on pedestrian density for emergency evacuation prediction, making it difficult to accurately predict the safe evacuation time of public spaces.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation of a public space based on traffic entropy, comprising the steps of: S10, obtaining a local evacuation test area of ​​a target public space;

[0006] S20, obtaining the predicted total number of pedestrians and the predicted composition of the types of pedestrians in the predicted current evacuation crowd in the local evacuation test area at the target time;

[0007] S30, determining the current evacuation pedestrian density according to the predicted distribution of the current total number of pedestrians in the local evacuation test area;

[0008] S40, determining the current evacuation traffic entropy according to the number of crowd categories composed of the current pedestrian types predicted;

[0009] S50, determining a current evacuation difference type heterogeneity coefficient according to the crowd category difference characteristics of the predicted current pedestrian type composition, where the current evacuation difference type heterogeneity coefficient is a correlation coefficient between the current evacuation speed of the current evacuation crowd predicted to be walking on the target walking path and the evacuation speed of the target group;

[0010] S60, according to the current evacuation pedestrian density, the current evacuation traffic entropy and the current evacuation difference coefficient, calculate and obtain the predicted crowd evacuation mixed speed V when the current evacuation crowd walks on the target walking path 1 ;

[0011] S70, obtaining a target evacuation walking path from a local evacuation test area to each target exit according to the traffic structure design of the target public space;

[0012] S80, obtaining each path component road segment of the target evacuation walking path, obtaining the current segment walking speed on the current path component road segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V when walking on the target walking path 1 According to the speed correlation relationship and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V 1 Determine the current segment walking speed;

[0013] S90, obtaining the crowd evacuation movement duration according to the target evacuation walking path and the walking speed of each current segment;

[0014] S100: If the duration of the crowd evacuation movement is not greater than the emergency duration threshold, it is determined that the target public space meets the emergency evacuation demand; if the duration of the crowd evacuation movement is greater than the emergency duration threshold, it is determined that the target public space does not meet the emergency evacuation demand.

[0015] Further, in step S20,

[0016] Obtain the average historical traffic statistics of the target public space in each historical time period;

[0017] Determine the historical evacuation pedestrian density based on average historical pedestrian flow statistics and the surface area of ​​the target evacuation walking path;

[0018] The historical time period corresponding to the historical evacuation pedestrian density between 0.303 people / ㎡ and 4.000 people / ㎡ is determined as the current target time.

[0019] Furthermore, an expert database or clustering algorithm is used to determine the predicted current pedestrian type composition of the current evacuation crowd.

[0020] Among them, the predicted current pedestrian type composition includes at least two of the following groups: children and teenagers, teenage males, teenage females, young males, young females, middle-aged males, middle-aged females, middle-aged and elderly males, middle-aged and elderly females, elderly males and elderly females.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S30, the current evacuation pedestrian density is determined based on the ratio of the floor area corresponding to the local evacuation test area to the predicted total number of current pedestrians.

[0022] Further, in step S40, the formula Calculate the current evacuation traffic entropy when walking on the target walking path, where n is the number of crowd categories corresponding to the predicted current pedestrian type composition, n ≥ 2, p i It is the ratio of the number of single-type pedestrians corresponding to pedestrian type i to the total number of predicted current pedestrians.

[0023] Further, in step S50, the formula Calculate and obtain the current evacuation difference coefficient, where: V i is the individual speed of pedestrian type i, V 目标群体 is the individual speed of the individuals corresponding to the target group, r i is the individual difference coefficient between the individual corresponding to pedestrian type i and the individual corresponding to the target group, p i It is the ratio of the number of single-type pedestrians corresponding to pedestrian type i to the total number of predicted current pedestrians.

[0024] Furthermore, the Kan model is used to obtain the speed crowd fitting model by taking the current evacuation pedestrian density, current evacuation traffic entropy and current evacuation difference coefficient in the model training data as input parameters and the crowd evacuation mixed speed in the model training data as output parameters.

[0025] V 1 =K×tan[0.36atan(X 1 )+0.02exp(X 2 )-5.28exp(X 3 )-4.95]+G, where V 1 represents the predicted mixed evacuation speed of the current evacuated crowd on the target walking path in the model training data, where K is the model coefficient, G is the normal parameter, and X 1 , X 2 and X 3 They are respectively the first sub-item parameter, the second sub-item parameter and the third sub-item parameter associated with the current evacuation pedestrian density, the current evacuation traffic entropy and the current evacuation difference heterogeneity coefficient in the model training data.

[0026] Furthermore, if the current pedestrian type is predicted to be composed of a single age or a single gender, K = 73.55, otherwise K = 78.02; G = 45.61,

[0027] Using formula

[0028] X 1 =0.07Abs(9.99H-8.81)-0.07Abs(8.21R-6.0)+1.84exp[-1.45×(1-0.24×M) 2 ]-1.31;

[0029] X 2 =54.39{-atan(0.6H-1.27)-0.47exp[-99.54×(0.88-R) 2 ]+0.08exp[-0.19×(0.66-M) 2 ]-054} 2 ;

[0030] X 3 =-0.13×{-0.91sin(0.36M-0.9)-0.02Abs(9.41H-8.8)-0.14exp[-77.43(0.73-R) 2 ]+1} 2 ;

[0031] Calculate and determine the first sub-item parameter X 1 、Second sub-item parameter X 2 And the third sub-parameter X 3 , where M represents the current evacuation pedestrian density, H represents the current evacuation traffic entropy, and R represents the current evacuation difference coefficient.

[0032] Further, each path component road segment of the target evacuation walking path is obtained, and the path component road segment is a straight path segment, a corner path segment, an upward path segment, a downward path segment or an intersecting path segment, and the target walking path is determined to be a straight path segment.

[0033] Get the crowd evacuation turning mixed speed and crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the corner path segment 1 , and obtain the mixed speed of the crowd evacuation upward and the mixed speed of the crowd evacuation V on the upward path segment. 1 , and obtain the crowd evacuation mixed speed V of the downlink path segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V 1 , and obtain the crowd evacuation and merging mixed speed and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V of the intersection and merging path segment. 1 The relationship between

[0034] Using formula Calculate the duration of crowd evacuation, where L j is the travel length of path segment j, V j is the travel speed of path segment j, V j Mixed speed with crowd evacuation V1 Has a linear correlation.

[0035] Further, a target evacuation walking path that meets the emergency evacuation demand at the current time is determined, and a walking channel indication is generated on the target evacuation walking path that meets the emergency evacuation demand.

[0036] The present invention also provides a public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation system, comprising a processing device, wherein the processing device is used to implement the steps of the above-mentioned public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation method based on traffic entropy.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation method based on traffic entropy provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation of public spaces based on traffic entropy. First, a local evacuation test area of ​​a target public space is obtained; then, the current evacuation pedestrian density, the current evacuation traffic entropy, and the current evacuation difference type heterogeneity coefficient are determined based on the predicted current total number of pedestrians and the predicted current pedestrian type composition of the predicted current evacuation crowd in the local evacuation test area; then, according to the current evacuation pedestrian density, the current evacuation traffic entropy, and the current evacuation difference type heterogeneity coefficient, the crowd evacuation mixed speed V of the predicted current evacuation crowd when walking on the target walking path is calculated and obtained. 1 After determining the target evacuation walking path for the crowd to move from the local evacuation test area to the target exit based on the target exit of the target public space, determine the component road segments of each component path of the target evacuation walking path and the current segment walking speed on each component path segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V when walking on the target walking path 1 speed correlation; the crowd evacuation movement duration is obtained according to the target evacuation walking path and the walking speed of each current segment; finally, according to the relationship between the crowd evacuation movement duration and the emergency time threshold, it is determined whether the target public space meets the emergency evacuation demand. If the crowd evacuation movement duration is not greater than the emergency time threshold, it is determined that the target public space meets the emergency evacuation demand; if the crowd evacuation movement duration is greater than the emergency time threshold, it is determined that the target public space does not meet the emergency evacuation demand; in the scheme of the present invention, the crowd evacuation movement duration is calculated by fully considering various influencing factors in the mixed traffic flow, which solves the technical problem that the existing simple use of pedestrian density prediction cannot accurately describe the evacuation traffic state, resulting in difficulty in accurately calculating the evacuation movement duration and difficulty in determining the design rationality of the public space traffic structure design from multiple influencing factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the current state of pedestrian evacuation density in the solution of the present invention, wherein a is a schematic diagram of a state with a relatively small density, b is a schematic diagram of a state with a moderate density, and c is a schematic diagram of a state with a relatively large density;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the path composition of the target evacuation walking path in a specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein a is a schematic diagram of a straight path segment, b is a schematic diagram of a corner path segment, c is a schematic diagram of an upward path segment, d is a schematic diagram of a downward path segment, and e is a schematic diagram of a cross-joining path segment;

[0043] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the intersection and confluence path segment in the figure, where a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intersection and exit path segment of two streams of people in the L-shaped space, b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intersection and exit path segment of two streams of people in the T-shaped space, and c is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intersection and exit path segment of three streams of people in the T-shaped space;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an evacuation scenario of a public space in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0049] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0050] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 ,The present invention provides a method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in a public space based on traffic entropy, comprising the following steps: S10, obtaining a local evacuation test area of ​​a target public space;

[0051] S20, obtaining the predicted total number of pedestrians and the predicted composition of the types of pedestrians in the predicted current evacuation crowd in the local evacuation test area at the target time;

[0052] S30, determining the current evacuation pedestrian density (the degree of evacuation pedestrian congestion) according to the predicted distribution of the current total number of pedestrians in the local evacuation test area;

[0053] S40, determining the current evacuation traffic entropy according to the number of crowd categories composed of the current pedestrian types predicted;

[0054] S50, determining a current evacuation difference type heterogeneity coefficient according to the crowd category difference characteristics of the predicted current pedestrian type composition, where the current evacuation difference type heterogeneity coefficient is a correlation coefficient between the current evacuation speed of the current evacuation crowd predicted to be walking on the target walking path and the evacuation speed of the target group;

[0055] S60, according to the current evacuation pedestrian density, the current evacuation traffic entropy and the current evacuation difference coefficient, calculate and obtain the predicted crowd evacuation mixed speed V when the current evacuation crowd walks on the target walking path 1 ;

[0056] S70, obtaining a target evacuation walking path from a local evacuation test area to each target exit according to the traffic structure design of the target public space;

[0057] S80, obtaining each path component road segment of the target evacuation walking path, obtaining the current segment walking speed on the current path component road segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V when walking on the target walking path 1 According to the speed correlation relationship and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V 1 Determine the current segment walking speed;

[0058] S90, obtaining the crowd evacuation movement duration according to the target evacuation walking path and the walking speed of each current segment;

[0059] S100: If the duration of the crowd evacuation movement is not greater than the emergency duration threshold, it is determined that the target public space meets the emergency evacuation demand; if the duration of the crowd evacuation movement is greater than the emergency duration threshold, it is determined that the target public space does not meet the emergency evacuation demand.

[0060] The public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation method based on traffic entropy provided by the present invention first obtains a local evacuation test area of ​​the target public space; then determines the current evacuation pedestrian density, the current evacuation traffic entropy and the current evacuation difference type heterogeneity coefficient based on the predicted current total number of pedestrians and the predicted current pedestrian type composition of the predicted current evacuation crowd in the local evacuation test area; then calculates and obtains the crowd evacuation mixed speed V when the current evacuation crowd walks on the target walking path according to the current evacuation pedestrian density, the current evacuation traffic entropy and the current evacuation difference type heterogeneity coefficient. 1 After determining the target evacuation walking path for the crowd to move from the local evacuation test area to the target exit based on the target exit of the target public space, determine the component road segments of each component path of the target evacuation walking path and the current segment walking speed on each component path segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V when walking on the target walking path 1 speed correlation; finally, the crowd evacuation movement duration is obtained according to the target evacuation walking path and the walking speed of each current segment; if the crowd evacuation movement duration is not greater than the emergency time threshold, it is determined that the target public space meets the emergency evacuation demand; if the crowd evacuation movement duration is greater than the emergency time threshold, it is determined that the target public space does not meet the emergency evacuation demand; in the scheme of the present invention, the crowd evacuation movement duration is calculated by fully considering various influencing factors in the mixed traffic flow, which solves the technical problem that the existing simple use of pedestrian density prediction cannot accurately describe the evacuation traffic state, resulting in difficulty in accurately calculating the evacuation movement duration and difficulty in determining the design rationality of the public space traffic structure design from multiple influencing factors.

[0061] It can be understood that the target public space can be public transportation spaces such as station spaces, subway station spaces, airport terminal spaces, or public places with emergency and risk avoidance properties such as school spaces and shopping mall spaces.

[0062] It can be understood that in the present invention, the target public space can be divided into multiple local evacuation test areas, each of which has a corresponding predicted current evacuation population. In a preferred embodiment, the local evacuation test area is an area of ​​a certain area in the public space that is farthest from the target exit or has the longest travel time.

[0063] It can be understood that the target evacuation walking path can be a single path component road segment, or it can be formed by a combination of multiple path component road segments; in the present invention, the current segment walking speed on each path component road segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V when walking on the target walking path can be obtained by processing historical data. 1 The speed correlation relationship can also be obtained through model analysis, experimental analysis or expert database to obtain the current segment walking speed on each path component road segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V when walking on the target walking path. 1 speed correlation.

[0064] Furthermore, in the solution of the present invention, in order to quickly process and evaluate whether the target public space meets the emergency evacuation needs, in step S20, the average historical pedestrian flow statistical data of the target public space in each historical time period is obtained; the historical evacuation pedestrian density is determined based on the average historical pedestrian flow statistical data and the surface area of ​​the target evacuation walking path; and the historical time period corresponding to the historical evacuation pedestrian density between 0.303 people / m2 and 4.000 people / m2 is determined as the current target time.

[0065] Furthermore, an expert database or a clustering algorithm is used to determine the predicted current pedestrian type composition of the current evacuation crowd, wherein the predicted current pedestrian type composition includes at least two of the following groups: children and adolescents, teenage male groups, teenage female groups, young male groups, young female groups, middle-aged male groups, middle-aged female groups, middle-aged and elderly male groups, middle-aged and elderly female groups, elderly male groups, and elderly female groups.

[0066] Optionally, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the age classification in the relevant guidelines of the World Health Organization and the National Physical Fitness Monitoring Bulletin issued by the National Physical Fitness Monitoring Center, pedestrians are divided into eleven categories according to their physiological age and gender, among which teenagers have a small difference in speed between genders and are classified into one category; data analysis is performed to obtain pedestrian classification and related walking parameter statistics to obtain Table 1:

[0067] Table 1 Pedestrian types and walking parameters

[0068]

[0069] Furthermore, in step S30, the current evacuation pedestrian density is determined based on the ratio of the floor area corresponding to the local evacuation test area to the predicted total number of current pedestrians.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 2 The inverse of the per capita area occupied by pedestrians in a public space is the pedestrian density. According to historical scene data analysis or experimental data analysis, if the current evacuation pedestrian density is less than 0.303 people / ㎡, traffic is not affected and people can walk quickly without interference; if the current evacuation pedestrian density is around 0.455 people / ㎡, people can evacuate at their individual normal speed without being affected; if the current evacuation pedestrian density is greater than 4.000 people / ㎡, pedestrians are in a congested state and evacuation and movement are difficult. The method of the present invention is suitable for spatial evacuation prediction when the current evacuation pedestrian density is between 0.303 people / ㎡ and 4.000 people / ㎡.

[0071] Further, in step S40, the formula Calculate the current evacuation traffic entropy when walking on the target walking path, where n is the number of crowd categories corresponding to the predicted current pedestrian type composition, n ≥ 2, p i It is the ratio of the number of single-type pedestrians corresponding to pedestrian type i to the total number of predicted current pedestrians.

[0072] Understandably, in the pedestrian evacuation of public spaces, people of different ages and genders form mixed traffic flows. The more complex the composition of the crowd, the greater the mutual interference, the more chaotic the pedestrian state, and the more significant the impact on the average mixed speed. Therefore, there is internal energy loss in the mixed traffic flow, which has the characteristics of entropy. For traffic flow, the current evacuation crowd is predicted to be classified into n types of people. At this time, the speed of the same type of people is considered to be the same, and the mixed traffic volume is calculated using the formula Determine, where Q represents the total number of pedestrians predicted at present, q i It is expressed as the equivalent value obtained by converting the number of pedestrians of a single type i, i = 1, 2, 3..., n. A crowd of Q people can be arranged arbitrarily in the local evacuation test area, and may be arranged in Q ways! However, the speed of the same type of people is the same, and the arrangement of the same type of people is not considered. The number of arrangement ways predicted by multiple combinations is: ω is the number of permutations and combinations, and after calculation, we can get If p i =q i / Q, that is, the proportion of the number of pedestrians of a certain type of people in the mixed traffic volume. At this time,

[0073] so,

[0074] Get p i is the entropy of the random event of probability distribution, that is, the current evacuation traffic entropy of mixed traffic. Therefore, the formula is adopted Calculate the current evacuation traffic entropy, where n is the number of pedestrian types corresponding to the predicted current pedestrian type composition, and p i It is the ratio of the number of single-type pedestrians corresponding to group type i to the total number of predicted current pedestrians.

[0075] Further, in step S50, the formula Calculate and obtain the current evacuation difference coefficient, where: V i is the individual speed of pedestrian type i, V 目标群体 is the individual speed of the individuals corresponding to the target group, r i is the individual difference coefficient between the individual corresponding to pedestrian type i and the individual corresponding to the target group, p i It is the ratio of the number of single-type pedestrians corresponding to pedestrian type i to the predicted total number of pedestrians at present. In order to facilitate comparison in the present invention, the target group adopts the young male group, and the target walking path is a straight path segment. The current evacuation traffic entropy and the current evacuation difference coefficient in the scheme of the present invention are both obtained based on the target group walking on the target walking path.

[0076] It can be understood that the more complex the composition of the crowd is, the greater the mutual interference is, the more chaotic the pedestrian state is, and the greater the current evacuation traffic entropy is. If in the first case, it is predicted that the current evacuation crowd is composed of teenage male groups and teenage female groups, and if in the second case, it is predicted that the current evacuation crowd is composed of elderly male groups and elderly female groups, then the traffic entropy between the first and second cases is slightly different. At this time, due to the difference in speed between the crowd categories, further distinction is made through the current evacuation difference coefficient.

[0077] It can be understood that when there is only a single type of crowd in the local evacuation test area, the current evacuation traffic entropy tends to zero. Under the same pedestrian density (current evacuation pedestrian density), the speeds of different types of crowds are different. Therefore, the difference coefficient of different types of crowds is introduced, and the ratio of the fast speed when individual behavior is not disturbed is used as the individual difference coefficient r i , where the population type difference coefficient R is the individual difference coefficient r i The sum of the proportions of .

[0078] Furthermore, based on data analysis, simulation analysis or Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theory, a Kan model is used to analyze and obtain a predicted evacuation speed of the current evacuated people on the target walking path.

[0079] Specifically, based on the Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theory, the Kan model is used to calculate the input parameters (current evacuation pedestrian density M, when V 1 The mathematical expression is obtained by approximating the relationship between the previous evacuation traffic entropy H and the current evacuation difference coefficient R) and the output parameter (crowd evacuation mixed speed).

[0080] Preferably, the Kan model is used, with the current evacuation pedestrian density, current evacuation traffic entropy and current evacuation difference coefficient in the model training data as input parameters, and the crowd evacuation mixed speed in the model training data as output parameters, to obtain the speed crowd fitting model through approximate fitting.

[0081] V 1 =K×tan[0.36atan(X 1 )+0.02exp(X 2 )-5.28exp(X 3 )-4.95]+G, where V 1 represents the predicted evacuation speed of the current evacuated people on the target walking path in the model training data, where K is the model coefficient, G is the normal parameter, and X 1 , X 2 and X 3 They are respectively the first sub-item parameter, the second sub-item parameter and the third sub-item parameter associated with the current evacuation pedestrian density, the training current evacuation traffic entropy and the training current evacuation difference coefficient in the model training data.

[0082] Furthermore, if the current pedestrian type is predicted to be a single age or single gender, K = 73.55, otherwise K = 78.02; G = 45.61,

[0083] Using formula

[0084] X 1 =0.07Abs(9.99H-8.81)-0.07Abs(8.21R-6.0)+1.84exp[-1.45×(1-0.24×M) 2 ]-1.31;

[0085] X 2 =-5439{-atan(06H-1.27)-047exp[-99.54×(0.88-R)2 ]+0.08exp[-0.19×(0.66-M) 2 ]-0.54} 2 ;

[0086] X 3 =-0.13×{-0.91sin(0.36M-0.9)-0.02Abs(9.41H-8.8)-0.14exp[-77.43(0.73-R) 2 ]+1} 2 ;

[0087] The first sub-item parameter, the second sub-item parameter and the third sub-item parameter are calculated and determined.

[0088] Further, the various path constituent road segments of the target evacuation walking path are obtained, and the path constituent road segments are straight path segments, corner path segments, upward path segments, downward path segments or intersection and confluence path segments, and the target walking path is a straight path segment. The correlation between the crowd evacuation turning mixed speed and the crowd evacuation mixed speed on the corner path segment is obtained, the correlation between the crowd evacuation upward mixed speed and the crowd evacuation mixed speed on the upward path segment is obtained, the correlation between the crowd evacuation downward mixed speed and the crowd evacuation mixed speed on the downward path segment is obtained, and the correlation between the crowd evacuation confluence mixed speed and the crowd evacuation mixed speed on the intersection and confluence path segment is obtained. The formula is used. Calculate the duration of crowd evacuation, where L j is the travel length of path segment j, V j is the travel speed of path segment j, V j Mixed speed with crowd evacuation V 1 Has a linear correlation.

[0089] Furthermore, the intersection and merging path segment (straight pedestrian flow merging intersection exit) is an L-shaped space intersection exit of two pedestrian flows, a T-shaped space intersection exit of two pedestrian flows, or a T-shaped space intersection exit of three pedestrian flows.

[0090] Optionally, the ascending path segment may be an ascending stair path segment or an ascending ramp path segment; the descending path segment may be a descending stair path segment or a descending ramp path segment; the corner path segment may be a right-angle corner path segment or an oblique corner path segment.

[0091] It can be understood that in the present invention, the target walking path is a straight walking path, and the corner path segment is composed of an upstream path segment of a first preset length and a downstream path segment of a second preset length; the intersection exit of two streams of people in an L-shaped space is composed of an upstream path segment of a third preset length, an upstream path segment of a fourth preset length, and a downstream path segment of a fifth preset length; the intersection exit of two streams of people in a T-shaped space is composed of an upstream path segment of a sixth preset length, an upstream path segment of a seventh preset length, and a downstream path segment of an eighth preset length; the intersection exit of three streams of people in a T-shaped space is composed of an upstream path segment of a ninth preset length, an upstream path segment of a tenth preset length, an upstream path segment of an eleventh preset length, and a downstream path segment of a second preset length. The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by an expert database evaluation method, a historical data analysis method, or a normalization processing method. 1 Mixed speed V of the crowd evacuation stairs in the ascending staircase path segment 2 The linear relationship between V 2 =0.402V 1 ; The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by the expert database evaluation method, historical data analysis method or normalization processing method 1 The mixed speed V of the crowd evacuation stairs down in the descending staircase path section 3 The linear relationship between V 3 =0.536V 1 ; The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by the expert database evaluation method, historical data analysis method or normalization processing method 1 The mixed speed V of the crowd evacuation upward on the upward ramp path section 4 The linear relationship between V 4 =0.885V 1 ; The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by the expert database evaluation method, historical data analysis method or normalization processing method 1 The mixed speed V of the crowd evacuation ramp down the down ramp path section 5 The linear relationship between V 5 =V 1 ; The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by the expert database evaluation method, historical data analysis method or normalization processing method 1 The corner speed V of the 150-degree turn 6-150 The linear relationship between V 6-150 =0.975V 1 ; The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by the expert database evaluation method, historical data analysis method or normalization processing method 1 The corner speed V of a 120-degree turn 6-120 The linear relationship between V 6-120=0.909V 1 ; The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by the expert database evaluation method, historical data analysis method or normalization processing method 1 The corner speed V of a 90-degree turn 6-90 The linear relationship between V 6-90 =0.984V 1 ; The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by the expert database evaluation method, historical data analysis method or normalization processing method 1 The mixed speed V of the crowd evacuation at the exit path section where two streams of people intersect in the L-shaped space 7-L The linear relationship between V 7-L =0.984V 1 ; The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by the expert database evaluation method, historical data analysis method or normalization processing method 1 The crowd evacuation mixed speed V at the exit path section where two streams of people intersect in the T-shaped space 7-T2 The linear relationship between V 7-T2 =0.984V 1 ; The crowd evacuation mixed speed V on the straight walking path is obtained by the expert database evaluation method, historical data analysis method or normalization processing method 1 The crowd evacuation mixed speed V at the exit path section where two streams of people intersect in the T-shaped space 7-T3 The linear relationship between V 7-T3 =0.909V 1 .

[0092] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a path structure of a target evacuation walking path is obtained, and the target evacuation walking path includes at least two of a straight path segment, a corner path segment, an upward path segment, a downward path segment, and an intersecting and merging path segment.

[0093] It can be understood that the target group in the present invention is the middle-aged male group; the present invention can also obtain the evacuation speed of the middle-aged male group in the straight walking path and the current evacuation traffic entropy and the current evacuation difference coefficient of the current evacuation speed of the current evacuation population by normalization and comparison. In the present invention, the evacuation speed of the middle-aged male group in the straight walking path can be determined by Table 1, and the evacuation speed of the middle-aged male group in the straight walking path can also be determined by experimental methods, expert database evaluation methods or historical data analysis methods.

[0094] It can be understood that in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a target evacuation walking path from a local evacuation test area to a target exit is obtained according to the traffic structure design of a target public space, and the target evacuation walking path includes a straight path segment L1, a corner path segment L2, a straight path segment L3, an up ramp path segment L4, a down ramp path segment L6, a straight path segment L5 between the up ramp path segment L4 and the down ramp path segment L6, an up stair path segment L7, a down stair path segment L9, a straight path segment L8 between the up stair path segment L7 and the down stair path segment L9, a straight path segment L10, and an intersecting merging section L11, wherein L1, L2, and L3 are connected in series; the collaborative section composed of L4, L5, and L6 is connected in parallel with the collaborative section composed of L7, L8, and L9; and L10 and L11 are connected in series.

[0095] Different path places in a target public space are combined in series and in parallel. For example, straight passages and stairs are generally in series, and stairs and ramps can be in parallel. When different paths are in parallel, they are limited by the people in the paths in front of them. During the evacuation process, people in different paths will tend to move forward at the same time when they reach the end of their respective paths. Therefore, the average speed of the parallel section is used to predict the mixed speed of this path place. In the scheme of the present invention, the sum of the evacuation speed of the collaborative section composed of L7, L8 and L9 and the collaborative section composed of L4, L5 and L6 divided by 2 is used as the mixed speed.

[0096] Furthermore, the predicted current pedestrian type composition is determined based on the attributes of the target public space. If the current evacuation pedestrian density is between 0.303 people / ㎡ and 4.000 people / ㎡ and is greater than the emergency duration threshold, it is determined that the target public space does not meet the emergency evacuation needs. It can be understood that if the target public space is a school, when designing the traffic structure of the target public space, the predicted current pedestrian type composition can be artificially set to be a teenage male group, a teenage female group, a young male group, a young female group, a middle-aged male group, and a middle-aged female group. If the target public space is a railway station, the predicted current pedestrian type composition can be artificially set to be a child and adolescent group, a teenage male group, a teenage female group, a young male group, a young female group, a middle-aged male group, a middle-aged female group, a middle-aged male group, a middle-aged female group, an elderly male group, and an elderly female group.

[0097] Furthermore, a target evacuation walking path that meets the emergency evacuation needs at the current time (a walking path where the crowd evacuation movement duration is not greater than the emergency duration threshold) is determined, and a walking channel indication is generated on the target evacuation walking path that meets the emergency evacuation needs.

[0098] It can be understood that the walking channel indication can be an arrow light indication or a projection indication, as long as it can provide prompts on the target evacuation walking path that meets the emergency evacuation needs.

[0099] The present invention also provides a public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation system, comprising a processing device, wherein the processing device is used to implement the steps of the above-mentioned public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation method based on traffic entropy.

[0100] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy, characterized in that: The steps include: S10, obtaining a local evacuation test area of ​​a target public space; S20, obtaining the predicted total number of current pedestrians and the predicted current pedestrian type composition of the predicted current evacuation crowd in the local evacuation test area at the target time; S30, determining the current evacuation pedestrian density according to the predicted distribution of the current total number of pedestrians in the local evacuation test area; S40, determining the current evacuation traffic entropy according to the predicted number of crowd categories composed of the current pedestrian types; S50, determining a current evacuation difference type difference coefficient according to the crowd category difference characteristics of the predicted current pedestrian type, wherein the current evacuation difference type difference coefficient is a correlation coefficient between the current evacuation speed of the current evacuation crowd predicted to be walking on the target walking path and the evacuation speed of the target group; S60, calculating and obtaining the predicted mixed evacuation speed V1 of the crowd when the current evacuation crowd walks on the target walking path according to the current evacuation pedestrian density, the current evacuation traffic entropy and the current evacuation difference heterogeneity coefficient; S70, obtaining a target evacuation walking path from the local evacuation test area to each target exit according to the traffic structure design of the target public space; S80, obtaining each path component road segment of the target evacuation walking path, obtaining a speed correlation relationship between a current segment walking speed on the current path component road segment and a crowd evacuation mixed speed V1 when walking on the target walking path, and determining the current segment walking speed according to the speed correlation relationship and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V1; S90, obtaining the duration of crowd evacuation movement according to the target evacuation walking path and the walking speed of each current segment; S100, if the duration of the crowd evacuation movement is not greater than the emergency duration threshold, it is determined that the target public space meets the emergency evacuation demand; if the duration of the crowd evacuation movement is greater than the emergency duration threshold, it is determined that the target public space does not meet the emergency evacuation demand.

2. The method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S20, Obtain the average historical traffic statistics of the target public space in each historical time period; Determine the historical evacuation pedestrian density according to the average historical pedestrian flow statistics and the surface area of ​​the target evacuation walking path; Determine that the historical time period corresponding to the historical evacuation pedestrian density between 0.303 people / ㎡ and 4.000 people / ㎡ is the current target time.

3. The method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An expert database or a clustering algorithm is used to determine the predicted current pedestrian type composition of the predicted current evacuation crowd, Among them, the predicted current pedestrian type composition includes at least two of the following groups: children and teenagers group, teenage male group, teenage female group, young male group, young female group, middle-aged male group, middle-aged female group, middle-aged and elderly male group, middle-aged and elderly female group, elderly male group and elderly female group.

4. The method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S30, the current evacuation pedestrian density is determined based on the ratio of the floor area corresponding to the local evacuation test area to the predicted total number of current pedestrians.

5. The method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S40, the formula Calculate and obtain the current evacuation traffic entropy when walking on the target walking path, where n is the number of crowd categories corresponding to the predicted current pedestrian type composition, n≥2, p i It is the ratio of the number of pedestrians of a single type corresponding to pedestrian type i to the total number of pedestrians currently predicted.

6. The method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S50, the formula Calculate and obtain the current evacuation difference coefficient, where: V i is the individual speed of pedestrian type i, V 目标群体 is the individual speed of the individuals corresponding to the target group, r i is the individual difference coefficient between the individual corresponding to pedestrian type i and the individual corresponding to the target group, p i It is the ratio of the number of single-type pedestrians corresponding to pedestrian type i to the total number of predicted current pedestrians.

7. The method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The Kan model is adopted, with the current evacuation pedestrian density, current evacuation traffic entropy and current evacuation difference coefficient in the model training data as input parameters, and the crowd evacuation mixed speed in the model training data as output parameters, and approximate fitting is performed to obtain the speed crowd fitting model V1=K×tan[0.36atan(X1)+0.02exp(X2)-5.28exp(X3)-4.95]+G, where V1 represents the predicted crowd evacuation mixed speed of the current evacuated crowd on the target walking path in the model training data, K is the model coefficient, G is the normal parameter, X1, X2 and X3 are the first sub-item parameter, the second sub-item parameter and the third sub-item parameter associated with the current evacuation pedestrian density, the current evacuation traffic entropy and the current evacuation difference coefficient in the model training data, respectively.

8. The method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy according to claim 7 is characterized in that: If the predicted pedestrian type is composed of a single age or a single gender, K = 73.55; otherwise, K = 78.02; G = 45.61, Using formula X1=0.07Abs(9.99H-8.81)-0.07Abs(8.21R-6.0)+1.84exp[-11.45×(1-0.24×M) 2 ]-1.31; <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">X2 = -54.39{-atan(0.6H-1.27)-0.47exp[-99.54×(0.88-R)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ]+0.08exp[-0.19×(0.66-M)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ]-0.54}<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ; X3=-0.13×{-0.91sin(0.36M-0.9)-0.02Abs(9.41H-8.8)-0.14exp[-77.43(0.73-R) 2 ]+1} 2 ; The first sub-item parameter X1, the second sub-item parameter X2 and the third sub-item parameter X3 are calculated and determined, wherein M represents the current evacuation pedestrian density, H represents the current evacuation traffic entropy, and R represents the current evacuation difference heterogeneity coefficient.

9. The method for evaluating the rationality of emergency evacuation in public space based on traffic entropy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Obtaining each path component road segment of the target evacuation walking path, wherein the path component road segment is a straight path segment, a corner path segment, an upward path segment, a downward path segment, or an intersecting and merging path segment, and determining that the target walking path is the straight path segment, Obtain the correlation between the crowd evacuation turning mixed speed on the corner path segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V1, obtain the correlation between the crowd evacuation upward mixed speed on the upward path segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V1, obtain the correlation between the crowd evacuation downward mixed speed on the downward path segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V1, obtain the correlation between the crowd evacuation merging mixed speed on the intersection and merging path segment and the crowd evacuation mixed speed V1, Using formula Calculate the duration of crowd evacuation, where L j is the travel length of path segment j, V j is the travel speed of path segment j, V j It has a linear correlation with the crowd evacuation mixed speed V1.

10. A public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation system, characterized in that: It includes a processing device, which is used to implement the steps of the public space emergency evacuation rationality evaluation method based on traffic entropy as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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