Fuel cell hydrogen supply system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly discloses a fuel cell hydrogen supply system and a control method thereof.The hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogen inlet, a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, a first shut-off valve, an overflow valve, a needle valve, a pressure reducing valve, a safety valve, a second shut-off valve, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a pressure sensor, an infrared transmitter and a hydrogen supply system controller; the plurality of hydrogen storage bottles are connected with the fuel cell system through the high-pressure pipeline, the first shut-off valve, the overflow valve, the needle valve, the pressure reducing valve, the safety valve and the second shut-off valve are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure pipeline, and the hydrogen filling port is connected to the high-pressure pipeline between the hydrogen storage bottles and the first shut-off valve; the hydrogen concentration sensor, the pressure sensor and the infrared transmitter are all electrically connected with the hydrogen supply system controller, the hydrogen supply system controller is further electrically connected with the fuel cell system controller, and the fuel cell system controller is electrically connected with the fuel cell system. According to the invention, the damage to the fuel cell stack caused by overlarge anode pressure fluctuation can be avoided, and the system reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and more specifically, relates to a fuel cell hydrogen supply system and a control method for the fuel cell hydrogen supply system. Background Art

[0002] The control of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is of great significance. Unstable pressure will affect the output performance of the fuel cell stack, may cause additional stress on the internal structure of the battery, and lead to safety issues such as gas leakage. Appropriate and stable hydrogen supply pressure helps maintain a good reaction environment inside the fuel cell, improve the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction, reduce damage to key components such as the membrane electrode assembly, and extend the service life of the fuel cell stack.

[0003] The control method of the existing hydrogen supply system does not clearly divide the system working conditions. At the same time, the control method for the hydrogen supply system with multiple bottles is relatively simple: when all hydrogen bottles are fully opened, the system power consumption will increase, and long-term use will affect the life of the bottle valve; a single bottle of hydrogen may not be able to meet the loading conditions or the hydrogen consumption of heavy trucks. If a fault occurs, the anode may be short of hydrogen when switching hydrogen bottles; when selecting hydrogen bottles, if a certain hydrogen bottle is used too many times, the life of this hydrogen bottle will be shorter than that of the entire hydrogen supply system. Due to the extremely fast flow rate of high-pressure hydrogen, instantaneous pressure fluctuations will occur at the rear end of the pressure reducing valve when switching hydrogen bottles. It is difficult for the stack system to use dynamic adjustment to offset this, and the existing methods do not perform targeted control. The above problems are rarely involved in existing patents. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a fuel cell hydrogen supply system to reduce the risk of hydrogen leakage, avoid damage to the fuel cell stack due to anode hydrogen deficiency or excessive pressure fluctuations, avoid excessive cycles of individual hydrogen bottles, and improve system safety and reliability.

[0005] As a first aspect of the present invention, a fuel cell hydrogen supply system is provided, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system comprising a hydrogen filling port, a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, a first shut-off valve, an overflow valve, a needle valve, a pressure reducing valve, a safety valve, a second shut-off valve, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a high pressure sensor, a low pressure sensor, an infrared transmitter and a hydrogen supply system controller, the plurality of hydrogen storage bottles are connected to the fuel cell system through a high pressure pipeline, the first shut-off valve, the overflow valve, the needle valve, the pressure reducing valve, the safety valve and the second shut-off valve are sequentially arranged on the high pressure pipeline, the hydrogen filling port is connected to the high pressure pipeline between the hydrogen storage bottle and the first shut-off valve, the hydrogen concentration sensor, the high pressure sensor, the low pressure sensor and the infrared transmitter are all electrically connected to the hydrogen supply system controller, the hydrogen supply system controller is also electrically connected to the fuel cell system controller, and the fuel cell system controller is electrically connected to the fuel cell system; wherein, When the hydrogen supply system controller determines that the hydrogen storage bottle needs to be filled with hydrogen, it controls the first shut-off valve and the second shut-off valve to be closed, and then controls the gas filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle through the hydrogen filling port; When the hydrogen supply system controller determines that the hydrogen storage bottle does not need to be filled with hydrogen, it controls the first shut-off valve and the second shut-off valve to be opened, and the hydrogen supply system controller first selects group hydrogen supply or overall hydrogen supply according to the requirements of the fuel cell system controller; then the fuel cell system controller controls the hydrogen supply system controller to enter the hydrogen supply operation mode, and when the hydrogen supply system controller enters the hydrogen supply operation mode, it controls the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle to be transported to the fuel cell system through the high-pressure pipeline; wherein, the hydrogen supply system controller and the fuel cell system controller jointly control the normal operation of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, when the hydrogen supply system controller determines that the hydrogen storage bottle needs to be filled with hydrogen, the gas filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine is connected to the hydrogen filling port, and the one-way valve inside the hydrogen filling port can prevent hydrogen from leaking out when the gas filling port is damaged, and the filter inside the hydrogen filling port is responsible for filtering the hydrogen.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a bottle mouth valve and a bottle tail valve are respectively provided at both ends of the hydrogen storage bottle, and a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a first TPRD, a manual stop valve and a solenoid valve are integrated in the bottle mouth valve. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle, and the temperature sensor is used to monitor the hydrogen temperature in the hydrogen storage bottle. The first TPRD is used to discharge the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle during overheating protection, and the manual stop valve and the solenoid valve are used to jointly control the on and off of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle; the bottle tail valve is a tail plug with a second TPRD.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the excess flow valve can limit the hydrogen flow in the high-pressure pipeline when the pressure difference between the two ends of the excess flow valve is greater than a first set value; The needle valve can be manually opened to discharge hydrogen when the fuel cell hydrogen supply system fails; the pressure reducing valve can adjust the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline to the pressure required by the fuel cell system; the safety valve can automatically open to discharge hydrogen when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline is greater than a second set value; wherein, when the fuel cell hydrogen supply system fails, the needle valve, the pressure reducing valve and the safety valve are linked to safely discharge the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle; When the fuel cell hydrogen supply system supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell system, the high-pressure sensor and the low-pressure sensor are used to respectively detect the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline. When the hydrogen pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor exceeds a third set value or the hydrogen pressure detected by the low-pressure sensor is lower than a fourth set value, the hydrogen supply system controller closes all solenoid valves in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and sends abnormal alarm information of the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline to the fuel cell system controller, and performs an audible and visual alarm prompt at the same time; The fuel cell system controller sends a hydrogenation instruction to the hydrogen supply system controller. After receiving the hydrogenation instruction, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine through the infrared transmitter to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle through the hydrogen filling port; wherein, in the process of filling hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor transmit the hydrogen pressure and hydrogen temperature in the hydrogen storage bottle to the hydrogen supply system controller in real time through the infrared transmitter, so as to realize hydrogen pressure control and hydrogen temperature control during the hydrogen filling process; The hydrogen concentration sensor is used to detect the hydrogen concentration in the environment surrounding the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0009] As a second aspect of the present invention, a control method for a fuel cell hydrogen supply system is provided, comprising the following steps: Step S1: After the hydrogen supply system controller is powered on, the hydrogen supply system controller enters a hydrogen supply shutdown mode, and then the hydrogen supply system controller determines whether the hydrogen storage bottle needs to be filled with hydrogen; Step S2: If the hydrogen storage bottle needs to be filled with hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system controller enters the hydrogen filling mode, first controls the first shut-off valve and the second shut-off valve to be closed, and then controls the gas filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle through the hydrogen filling port; if the hydrogen storage bottle does not need to be filled with hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system controller maintains the hydrogen supply shutdown mode, first determines whether the fuel cell hydrogen supply system has a fault, and then executes step S3; wherein, during the process of filling the hydrogen storage bottle with hydrogen, when the hydrogen supply system controller determines that the hydrogen temperature or hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle is abnormal, it sends a stop filling signal to the hydrogen filling machine through the infrared transmitter to stop filling the hydrogen storage bottle with hydrogen, and then closes all the solenoid valves in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and sends the number of the faulty hydrogen storage bottle to the fuel cell system controller; Step S3: if the fuel cell hydrogen supply system has a fault, the hydrogen supply system controller sends fault information to the fuel cell system controller, and the fuel cell hydrogen supply system cannot work normally at this time; if the fuel cell hydrogen supply system has no fault, firstly control the first shut-off valve and the second shut-off valve to be opened, and then select group hydrogen supply or overall hydrogen supply according to the requirements of the fuel cell system controller, and then execute step S4; Step S4: After the hydrogen supply system controller receives the start-up instruction sent by the fuel cell system controller, the hydrogen supply system controller enters the hydrogen supply operation mode; when the hydrogen supply system controller enters the hydrogen supply operation mode, it controls the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle to be transported to the fuel cell system through the high-pressure pipeline.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S3 and the step S4 further include: After the hydrogen supply system controller selects overall hydrogen supply, it determines whether the amount of hydrogen in all hydrogen storage bottles is sufficient. If sufficient, the hydrogen supply system controller sends normal hydrogen supply information to the fuel cell system controller; After receiving the overall hydrogen supply start-up instruction sent by the fuel cell system controller, the hydrogen supply system controller enters the overall hydrogen supply operation mode, opens all hydrogen storage bottles in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and allows the hydrogen in all hydrogen storage bottles to be transported to the fuel cell system through the high-pressure pipeline.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes: During the process of the hydrogen supply system controller executing the overall hydrogen supply operation mode, if a hydrogen storage bottle in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system fails or the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle is insufficient, the failed hydrogen storage bottle is closed and an alarm is sounded.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S3 and the step S4 further include: When the hydrogen supply system controller selects grouped hydrogen supply, it reads the number of the hydrogen storage bottle that supplied hydrogen last time, and forms a working group with the number of the hydrogen storage bottle that supplied hydrogen last time, and forms a standby group with the numbers of the remaining hydrogen storage bottles, and then determines whether the hydrogen storage bottle that supplied hydrogen last time can continue to supply hydrogen; If the hydrogen storage bottle that supplied hydrogen last time can continue to supply hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system controller sends a normal hydrogen supply information to the fuel cell system controller, and waits for the group hydrogen supply start instruction from the fuel cell system controller; If the hydrogen storage bottle that supplied hydrogen last time cannot continue to supply hydrogen, the hydrogen storage bottles that can supply hydrogen normally in the alternative group are replaced into the working group in the order of the number of times used from the least to the most, and the hydrogen storage bottles that cannot continue to supply hydrogen in the working group are removed, and then the hydrogen supply system controller sends the normal hydrogen supply information to the fuel cell system controller, and waits for the group hydrogen supply start instruction of the fuel cell system controller; wherein, if the hydrogen storage bottle in the alternative group cannot supply hydrogen normally, the hydrogen storage bottle is faulty and cannot supply hydrogen information is sent to the fuel cell system controller; After receiving the group hydrogen supply start instruction sent by the fuel cell system controller, the hydrogen supply system controller enters the group hydrogen supply operation mode, opens the hydrogen storage bottles in the working group, and allows the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottles in the working group to be transported to the fuel cell system through the high-pressure pipeline.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes: During the process of the hydrogen supply system controller executing the group hydrogen supply operation mode, if the hydrogen storage bottle in the working group fails or the hydrogen storage bottle has insufficient hydrogen, the hydrogen supply switching mode is entered; After entering the hydrogen supply switching mode, determining whether the hydrogen storage bottle in the alternative group is faulty or whether the amount of hydrogen is sufficient; When a hydrogen storage bottle in the alternative group fails or the amount of hydrogen is insufficient, information that the hydrogen storage bottle fails or the amount of hydrogen is insufficient is sent to the fuel cell system controller, and the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is shut down; When the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group have not failed and the hydrogen supply is sufficient, the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group that can normally supply hydrogen are replaced in the working group in order of the number of times used from the least to the most, and the hydrogen storage bottles in the working group that can no longer supply hydrogen are removed, and then the fuel cell system controller is notified to dynamically correct the excessively high or low hydrogen pressure at the front end of the fuel cell system to ensure the stability of the hydrogen pressure entering the stack; then the hydrogen supply system controller returns to the grouped hydrogen supply operation mode.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of replacing the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group that can normally supply hydrogen into the working group in the order of the number of times used from the least to the most also includes: When there are multiple hydrogen storage bottles that have been used the same number of times and can normally supply hydrogen in the alternative group, the multiple hydrogen storage bottles that have been used the same number of times and can normally supply hydrogen are replaced into the working group in the order of the hydrogen storage bottle numbers from small to large.

[0015] The positive effects of this application are: (1) When a multi-bottle system uses grouped hydrogen supply, it can reduce the risk of hydrogen leakage, avoid the damage to the fuel cell stack caused by insufficient hydrogen at the anode, and improve system safety; (2) When selecting alternative hydrogen bottles, the hydrogen bottles with the lowest number of cycles are selected in order of hydrogen bottle numbers; when switching hydrogen bottles, the anode hydrogen pressure fluctuation is reduced. This solution can prevent individual hydrogen bottles from failing before the entire system fails due to too many cycles, avoid the damage to the fuel cell stack caused by excessive anode pressure fluctuations, and improve system reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a control method for a fuel cell hydrogen supply system provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 A flow chart of dividing a working group and an alternative group in a hydrogen supply shutdown mode provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is an execution flow chart of the hydrogen supply switching mode provided by the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-hydrogen filling port; 2-hydrogen storage bottle; 3-first shut-off valve; 4-overflow valve; 5-needle valve; 6-pressure reducing valve; 7-safety valve; 8-second shut-off valve; 9-hydrogen concentration sensor; 10-high pressure sensor; 11-low pressure sensor; 12-infrared transmitter; 13-hydrogen supply system controller; 14-fuel cell system; 15-fuel cell system controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so as to describe the embodiments of the present invention described herein. In addition, similar terms such as "including" and "having" mean that in addition to those contents already listed in "including" and "having", other contents that have not been listed may also be "included" and "having"; for example, a process, method, system, product or device that may include a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that have been clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, which includes a hydrogen filling port 1, multiple hydrogen storage bottles 2, a first shut-off valve 3, an overflow valve 4, a needle valve 5, a pressure reducing valve 6, a safety valve 7, a second shut-off valve 8, a hydrogen concentration sensor 9, a high pressure sensor 10, a low pressure sensor 11, an infrared transmitter 12 and a hydrogen supply system controller 13. The multiple hydrogen storage bottles 2 are connected to a fuel cell system 14 through a high pressure pipeline. The first shut-off valve 3, the overflow valve 4, the needle valve 5, the pressure reducing valve 6, the safety valve 7 and the second shut-off valve 8 are sequentially arranged on the high pressure pipeline. The hydrogen filling port 1 is connected to the high pressure pipeline between the hydrogen storage bottle 2 and the first shut-off valve 3. The hydrogen concentration sensor 9, the high pressure sensor 10, the low pressure sensor 11 and the infrared transmitter 12 are all electrically connected to the hydrogen supply system controller 13. The hydrogen supply system controller 13 is also electrically connected to a fuel cell system controller 15, and the fuel cell system controller 15 is electrically connected to the fuel cell system 14; wherein, When the hydrogen supply system controller 13 determines that the hydrogen storage bottle 2 needs to be filled with hydrogen, it controls the first shut-off valve 3 and the second shut-off valve 8 to be closed, and then controls the gas filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle 2 through the hydrogen filling port 1; When the hydrogen supply system controller 13 determines that the hydrogen storage bottle 2 does not need to be filled with hydrogen, it controls the first shut-off valve 3 and the second shut-off valve 8 to be opened, and the hydrogen supply system controller 13 first selects group hydrogen supply or overall hydrogen supply according to the requirements of the fuel cell system controller 15; then the fuel cell system controller 15 controls the hydrogen supply system controller 13 to enter the hydrogen supply operation mode. After the hydrogen supply system controller 13 enters the hydrogen supply operation mode, it controls the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 2 to be transported to the fuel cell system 14 through the high-pressure pipeline; wherein, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 and the fuel cell system controller 15 together control the normal operation of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system.

[0025] Specifically, when the hydrogen supply system controller determines that hydrogen needs to be added to the hydrogen storage bottle 2, the gas filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine is connected to the hydrogen filling port 1. The one-way valve inside the hydrogen filling port 1 can prevent hydrogen from leaking out when the gas filling port 1 is damaged. The filter inside the hydrogen filling port 1 is responsible for filtering hydrogen and intercepting impurities so that they do not pollute the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen storage bottle 2 is responsible for storing high-pressure (35 or 70MPa) hydrogen.

[0026] Specifically, a bottle mouth valve 21 and a bottle tail valve 22 are respectively provided at both ends of the hydrogen storage bottle 2. The bottle mouth valve 21 is integrated with a pressure sensor 211, a temperature sensor 212, a first TPRD, a manual stop valve and a solenoid valve. The pressure sensor 211 is used to monitor the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle 2 to ensure the normal driving of the vehicle; the temperature sensor 212 is used to monitor the hydrogen temperature in the hydrogen storage bottle 2 to determine whether there is any abnormal situation in the outside world. If the gas temperature suddenly rises sharply, a fire may occur around the hydrogen storage bottle 2, and an alarm can be issued through the hydrogen supply system controller 13; the first TPRD is used to discharge the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 2 during overheating protection, and the manual stop valve and the solenoid valve are used to jointly control the on and off of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 2, which can effectively avoid hydrogen leakage; the bottle tail valve 22 is a tail plug with a second TPRD.

[0027] It should be noted that TPRD is a thermal pressure relief device.

[0028] Specifically, the excess flow valve 4 can limit the hydrogen flow in the high-pressure pipeline when the pressure difference between its two ends is greater than a first set value, thereby preventing the high-pressure pipeline from accidentally rupturing; The first shut-off valve 3 and the second shut-off valve 8 are both solenoid valves, which can effectively prevent gas from entering the fuel cell stack when the hydrogen storage bottle 2 is inflated; The needle valve 5 can be manually opened to discharge hydrogen when the fuel cell hydrogen supply system fails; the pressure reducing valve 6 can adjust the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline to the pressure required by the fuel cell system 14; the safety valve 7 can automatically open to discharge hydrogen when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline is greater than a second set value to prevent excessively high-pressure hydrogen from flowing into the fuel cell stack and damaging the fuel cell stack; wherein, when the fuel cell hydrogen supply system fails, the needle valve 5, the pressure reducing valve 6 and the safety valve 7 are linked to safely discharge the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 2; When the fuel cell hydrogen supply system supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell system 14, the high-pressure sensor 10 and the low-pressure sensor 11 are used to detect the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline respectively. When the hydrogen pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor 10 exceeds the third set value or the hydrogen pressure detected by the low-pressure sensor 11 is lower than the fourth set value, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 closes all the solenoid valves in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and sends the abnormal alarm information of the hydrogen pressure of the high-pressure pipeline to the fuel cell system controller 15 to request to end the normal operation, and at the same time, the sound and light alarm prompts the driver to take necessary measures; The fuel cell system controller 15 sends a hydrogenation instruction to the hydrogen supply system controller 13. After receiving the hydrogenation instruction, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 controls the gas filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine through the infrared transmitter 12 to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle 2 through the hydrogen filling port 1; wherein, in the process of filling hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle 2, the pressure sensor 211 and the temperature sensor 212 transmit the hydrogen pressure and hydrogen temperature in the hydrogen storage bottle 2 to the hydrogen supply system controller 13 in real time through the infrared transmitter 12, so as to realize the hydrogen pressure control and hydrogen temperature control during the hydrogen filling process; The hydrogen concentration sensor 9 is used to detect the hydrogen concentration in the surrounding environment of the hydrogen storage bottle 2. The hydrogen concentration sensor 9 can quickly, sensitively and accurately measure the concentration of hydrogen leaked into the surrounding environment.

[0029] In this embodiment, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 is communicatively connected with the fuel cell system controller 15, mainly realizing status monitoring and hydrogen supply control of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, integrating functions such as bottle mouth valve control, temperature collection, hydrogen concentration collection, pressure collection, and communication, and transmitting the collected sensor signals, hydrogen supply system controller status, fault information, etc. to the fuel cell system controller 15.

[0030] In this embodiment, the failure types of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system include: bottle valve failure, pressure reducing valve failure, shut-off valve failure, pipeline failure (leakage or damage), sensor failure (temperature sensor, pressure sensor, hydrogen concentration sensor), infrared transmitter failure, hydrogen supply system controller failure, and over-limit failure (temperature, pressure, hydrogen concentration over-limit).

[0031] In this embodiment, a control method for a fuel cell hydrogen supply system is also provided. Figure 2 As shown, the control method of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes the following steps: Step S1: After the hydrogen supply system controller 13 is powered on, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 enters the hydrogen supply shutdown mode, and then the hydrogen supply system controller 13 determines whether the hydrogen storage bottle 2 needs to be filled with hydrogen; wherein, upon receiving the hydrogen filling command from the fuel cell system controller 15, the hydrogen filling mode is entered, and the hydrogen supply system controller 13 and the infrared transmitter 12 exchange data through CAN.

[0032] Step S2: If the hydrogen storage bottle 2 needs to be filled with hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 enters the hydrogenation mode, first controls the first shut-off valve 3 and the second shut-off valve 8 to be closed, and then controls the gas filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle 2 through the hydrogen filling port 1; if the hydrogen storage bottle 2 does not need to be filled with hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 maintains the hydrogen supply shutdown mode, first determines whether the fuel cell hydrogen supply system has a fault, and then executes step S3; Wherein, during the process of filling hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle 2, when the hydrogen supply system controller 13 determines that the hydrogen temperature or hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle 2 is abnormal, it sends a stop filling signal to the hydrogen filling machine through the infrared transmitter 12 to stop filling hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle 2, and then closes all the solenoid valves in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and sends the number of the faulty hydrogen storage bottle to the fuel cell system controller 15; It should be noted that after the hydrogen supply system controller 13 enters the hydrogenation mode, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 first detects the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and does not allow hydrogenation when there is a fault in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system. When there is no fault in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, the first shut-off valve 3 and the second shut-off valve 8 are controlled to be closed, and then hydrogenation is performed through the hydrogenation port 1.

[0033] Specifically, the infrared transmitter 12 receives information such as the vehicle refueling process status, vehicle refueling pressure, hydrogen bottle temperature, etc. sent by the hydrogen supply system controller 13, and sends it to the hydrogen refueling machine in the form of infrared rays. During the hydrogen refueling process, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 continuously monitors the following faults: ① Real-time detection of whether the pressure and pressure change rate in the hydrogen bottle exceed the preset upper and lower limits. If so, send a pressure over-limit or pressure abnormality signal; ② Real-time detection of the temperature and temperature change rate inside the hydrogen bottle to see if they exceed the set upper and lower limits. If so, a temperature over-limit or temperature abnormality signal is sent; ③ Check the hydrogen supply system in real time and send a fault message if there is any fault.

[0034] If one of the above faults occurs, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 sends a stop filling signal to the hydrogen filling machine through the infrared transmitter 12, closes all solenoid valves, and sends the faulty hydrogen bottle number to the fuel cell system controller 15.

[0035] Specifically, after all hydrogen bottles are filled with hydrogen (for example, the pressure reaches a preset threshold or the estimated remaining hydrogen bottle gas volume reaches a preset threshold), the hydrogen supply system controller 13 returns to the hydrogen supply shutdown mode, and then reads the status array of all hydrogen bottles, which specifically includes the following states: ① Pressure and temperature parameters of each hydrogen storage bottle; ② Fault status of pressure and temperature sensors of each hydrogen storage bottle; ③ Fault status of each hydrogen storage bottle valve; ④ Estimation of the remaining gas volume of each hydrogen storage bottle. The estimation of the remaining gas volume of each hydrogen storage bottle is as follows: According to the temperature and pressure of each hydrogen storage bottle, the basic value of the remaining gas volume of the hydrogen storage bottle is obtained by looking up the table, and after the correction coefficient of the remaining gas volume of the hydrogen storage bottle (associated with the real-time temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle) is used, the final remaining gas volume of the hydrogen storage bottle is obtained. Alternatively, the remaining gas volume of the hydrogen supply bottle is estimated in real time according to the gas state equation based on the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0036] If one or more hydrogen storage bottles have safety faults (such as abnormal pressure, abnormal temperature, leakage), or all hydrogen storage bottles have too little gas, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 sends a serious fault status and the fuel cell hydrogen supply system cannot work normally.

[0037] After confirming the status of the hydrogen bottle, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 selects the hydrogen supply mode according to the requirements of the fuel cell system controller 15: overall hydrogen supply or grouped hydrogen supply. Among them, the single-bottle hydrogen supply system uses overall hydrogen supply, and the multi-bottle hydrogen supply system uses overall hydrogen supply or grouped hydrogen supply. When supplying hydrogen as a whole, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 opens all normal hydrogen bottles after receiving the start-up instruction from the fuel cell system controller 15. When supplying hydrogen in groups, the selection of working group hydrogen bottles and alternative group hydrogen bottles is performed.

[0038] Step S3: If there is a fault in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 sends fault information to the fuel cell system controller 15, and the fuel cell hydrogen supply system cannot work normally at this time; if there is no fault in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, firstly control the first shut-off valve 3 and the second shut-off valve 8 to open, and then select group hydrogen supply or overall hydrogen supply according to the requirements of the fuel cell system controller 15, and then execute step S4; Step S4: After the hydrogen supply system controller 13 receives the start-up instruction sent by the fuel cell system controller 15, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 enters the hydrogen supply operation mode; after the hydrogen supply system controller 13 enters the hydrogen supply operation mode, it controls the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 2 to be transported to the fuel cell system 14 through the high-pressure pipeline, and monitors the state of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system in real time. In the process of executing the hydrogen supply operation mode, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 monitors the fuel cell hydrogen supply system in real time. If a fault occurs in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, corresponding processing is performed according to the severity of the fault.

[0039] It should be noted that during the execution of the hydrogen supply operation mode, if there is a safety fault (abnormal hydrogen bottle pressure, abnormal hydrogen bottle temperature, abnormal pipeline pressure, hydrogen leakage, etc.), the hydrogen supply system controller 13 transmits the fault type to the fuel cell system controller 15, and the entire fuel cell hydrogen supply system is ready to shut down; if there is no safety fault, the hydrogen supply time of all hydrogen bottles is continuously monitored in the hydrogen supply operation mode. Among them, in the hydrogen supply operation mode, the hydrogen bottles in the working group are continuously updated, as follows: ① Eliminate hydrogen bottles with safety faults; ② Eliminate hydrogen bottles whose hydrogen supply time is lower than the preset threshold; ③ On the premise of giving priority to the hydrogen bottles with the lowest number of uses, the hydrogen bottles in the working group shall be replaced with alternative hydrogen bottles in the order of hydrogen bottle numbers.

[0040] It should be noted that in the hydrogen supply operation mode, the actual working current of the fuel cell stack sent by the fuel cell system controller 15 is continuously received, and the hydrogen supply time of each hydrogen bottle is estimated according to the actual current of the fuel cell stack, the pressure and temperature in the hydrogen bottle, as follows: ① Calculate the gas consumption of each hydrogen bottle: the gas consumption of the hydrogen bottle that is supplying hydrogen is calculated according to the actual current of the fuel cell, and the gas consumption of the remaining hydrogen bottles is 0; ② Calculate the remaining gas volume of each hydrogen bottle: Use the pressure and temperature of each hydrogen bottle to calculate the remaining gas volume of each hydrogen bottle; ③ Based on the gas consumption and remaining amount of each hydrogen bottle, the remaining time of each hydrogen bottle can be predicted.

[0041] Preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, the step S3 and step S4 further include: When the hydrogen supply system controller 13 selects overall hydrogen supply, it determines whether the amount of hydrogen in all hydrogen storage bottles 2 is sufficient. If sufficient, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 sends a normal hydrogen supply information to the fuel cell system controller 15; After receiving the overall hydrogen supply start-up instruction sent by the fuel cell system controller 15, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 enters the overall hydrogen supply operation mode, opens all hydrogen storage bottles 2 in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and allows the hydrogen in all hydrogen storage bottles 2 to be transported to the fuel cell system 14 through the high-pressure pipeline.

[0042] Preferably, it also includes: During the process of the hydrogen supply system controller 13 executing the overall hydrogen supply operation mode, if the hydrogen storage bottle in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system fails or the hydrogen storage bottle has insufficient hydrogen, the failed hydrogen storage bottle is closed and an alarm is sounded. If the hydrogen supply time of all hydrogen bottles is lower than a preset threshold, a low remaining gas fault is sent to the fuel cell system controller 15.

[0043] Preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, the step S3 and step S4 further include: When the hydrogen supply system controller 13 selects grouped hydrogen supply, it reads the number of the hydrogen storage bottle of the last hydrogen supply, and forms a working group with the numbers of the hydrogen storage bottles of the last hydrogen supply. At this time, the number of gas cylinders in the working group is m≥2, and the remaining hydrogen storage bottle numbers form a standby group (if the number of gas cylinders in the standby group is less than m, the gas cylinders in the standby group are also added to the working group), and then determines whether the hydrogen storage bottle of the last hydrogen supply can continue to supply hydrogen; If the hydrogen storage bottle 2 that supplied hydrogen last time can continue to supply hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 sends a message that hydrogen can be supplied normally to the fuel cell system controller 15, and waits for the group hydrogen supply start instruction from the fuel cell system controller 15; If the hydrogen storage bottle 2 that supplied hydrogen last time cannot continue to supply hydrogen (for example, the remaining gas volume is too low, etc.), the hydrogen storage bottles that can supply hydrogen normally in the alternative group are replaced into the working group in the order of the number of times used from small to large, and the hydrogen storage bottles that cannot continue to supply hydrogen in the working group are removed, and then the hydrogen supply system controller 13 sends the normal hydrogen supply information to the fuel cell system controller 15, and waits for the group hydrogen supply start instruction of the fuel cell system controller 15; wherein, if the hydrogen storage bottle in the alternative group cannot supply hydrogen normally, the hydrogen storage bottle is faulty and cannot supply hydrogen. Information is sent to the fuel cell system controller 15; It should be noted that when there are multiple hydrogen storage bottles in the candidate group that have been used the same number of times and can normally supply hydrogen, the multiple hydrogen storage bottles that have been used the same number of times and can normally supply hydrogen are replaced into the working group in the order of the hydrogen storage bottle numbers from small to large. If the hydrogen storage bottle with the largest number has been replaced into the working group, start again from hydrogen storage bottle No. 1.

[0044] It should be noted that in order to ensure that each hydrogen bottle is used the same number of times as much as possible and to avoid premature failure due to excessive usage of individual hydrogen bottles, a counter is used to record the number of times each hydrogen bottle is used. On the premise of giving priority to the hydrogen bottle with the lowest number of uses, the hydrogen bottles in the working group are replaced by alternative hydrogen bottles in order of the hydrogen bottle numbers.

[0045] There are the following advantages to selecting hydrogen supply bottles in the above way: First, select the number of hydrogen supply bottles according to the actual needs of the vehicle to avoid opening all bottle valves at the same time for a long time, thereby reducing system power consumption and the risk of hydrogen leakage; Secondly, it can avoid the momentary shortage of hydrogen supply when switching to the next hydrogen bottle due to failure of the hydrogen bottle when supplying hydrogen from a single bottle, causing the fuel cell stack to be short of hydrogen and reverse polarity.

[0046] After receiving the group hydrogen supply start instruction sent by the fuel cell system controller 15, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 enters the group hydrogen supply operation mode, opens the hydrogen storage bottle 2 in the working group, and allows the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 2 in the working group to be transported to the fuel cell system 14 through the high-pressure pipeline.

[0047] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, it also includes: During the process of the hydrogen supply system controller 13 executing the group hydrogen supply operation mode, if the hydrogen storage bottle in the working group fails or the hydrogen storage bottle has insufficient hydrogen, the hydrogen supply switching mode is entered; After entering the hydrogen supply switching mode, determining whether the hydrogen storage bottle in the alternative group is faulty or whether the amount of hydrogen is sufficient; When a hydrogen storage bottle in the alternative group fails or the amount of hydrogen is insufficient, information about the failure of the hydrogen storage bottle or the insufficient amount of hydrogen is sent to the fuel cell system controller 15. When the hydrogen supply system controller 13 receives the shutdown command sent by the fuel cell system controller 15, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 enters the hydrogen supply shutdown mode and closes all the solenoid valves in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system. At this time, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is shut down. During the power-off process of the hydrogen supply system controller 13, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 stores the information of the current working group for the hydrogen supply system controller 13 to read the next time it is powered on.

[0048] When the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group have not failed and the hydrogen supply is sufficient, the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group that can normally supply hydrogen are replaced in the working group in order of the number of times used from the least to the most. At the same time, the hydrogen storage bottles in the working group that can no longer supply hydrogen are removed. Then, the fuel cell system controller 15 is notified to dynamically correct the excessively high or low hydrogen pressure at the front end of the fuel cell system 14 to ensure the stability of the hydrogen pressure entering the stack; then the hydrogen supply system controller 13 returns to the grouped hydrogen supply operation mode.

[0049] It should be noted that in the hydrogen supply switching mode, if there is no alternative hydrogen bottle, a low remaining gas volume fault is sent to the fuel cell system controller 15, otherwise the selected alternative hydrogen bottle is opened, and the hydrogen bottle to be replaced in the working group is closed after a delay. Before switching, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 notifies the fuel cell system controller 15 that there is a switch in the working hydrogen bottle. The hydrogen supply system controller 13 sends the switching hydrogen bottle pressure fluctuation flag and the internal pressure of the hydrogen bottle before and after the switch. The fuel cell system controller 15 uses preset control parameters to reduce the pressure fluctuation: according to the internal pressure of the hydrogen bottle before and after the switch, the table is looked up to obtain the calibrated hydrogen injector duty cycle correction value, and the hydrogen injector is controlled. When the hydrogen pressure fluctuation returns to normal, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 returns to the hydrogen supply operation mode.

[0050] Switching hydrogen hydride bottles in the above manner has the following advantages: First, improve the pressure fluctuation problem during the hydrogen bottle switching process; Second, it can prevent a hydrogen bottle from being used too many times and becoming ineffective early.

[0051] After the hydrogen bottle is switched, the hydrogen supply system controller 13 returns to the hydrogen supply operation mode, continues to supply hydrogen to the system, and monitors all components of the hydrogen supply system in real time.

[0052] It should be noted that, in the manual mode, all the solenoid valves in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system are opened or closed by the fuel cell system controller 15 to facilitate operations in case of failure or maintenance.

[0053] It should be noted that the step of replacing the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group that can normally supply hydrogen into the working group in the order of the number of times used from the least to the most also includes: When there are multiple hydrogen storage bottles that have been used the same number of times and can normally supply hydrogen in the alternative group, the multiple hydrogen storage bottles that have been used the same number of times and can normally supply hydrogen are replaced into the working group in the order of the hydrogen storage bottle numbers from small to large.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, (1) after the hydrogen supply system controller is powered on, the hydrogen supply mode is selected according to the requirements of the fuel cell system controller. Overall hydrogen supply is used when the total number of bottles is small and the hydrogen flow rate does not meet the maximum power hydrogen consumption when grouping. Grouped hydrogen supply divides the hydrogen bottles into a working group and an alternative group, which is used when the total number of bottles is large. It can avoid opening all bottle valves at the same time, reducing system power consumption and hydrogen leakage risks. (2) After the system is powered on, if the gas volume of the previous working group is insufficient, the alternative hydrogen bottle is included in the working group, and the hydrogen supply system controller opens the bottle valve to start hydrogen supply after receiving the start command of the fuel cell system controller; during hydrogen supply, if the hydrogen bottle in the current working group has insufficient gas volume or failure, the alternative hydrogen bottle is opened first, and the faulty hydrogen bottle is closed after a delay to avoid instantaneous hydrogen shortage during switching, causing the stack to be short of hydrogen and reverse polarity. (3) When selecting alternative hydrogen bottles, select them in the alternative group according to the order of hydrogen bottle numbers, and give priority to the hydrogen bottle with the lowest number of cycles to avoid the failure of the entire system before the number of cycles of individual hydrogen bottles is too large. (4) When switching the hydrogen tank, based on the control of the switching moment, the hydrogen supply system controller provides the internal pressure of the hydrogen tank before and after the switching, and assists the fuel cell system in controlling the anode pressure to avoid damage to the fuel cell stack caused by anode pressure fluctuations.

[0055] The present invention provides a control method for a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, which divides the control of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system into five modes, including a hydrogenation mode, a hydrogen supply shutdown mode, a hydrogen supply operation mode, a hydrogen supply switching mode and a manual mode, to achieve normal operation, fault monitoring, hydrogen bottle selection, hydrogen bottle switching and hydrogen filling and other functions. The hydrogenation mode is used to control the hydrogenation process, and the three modes of hydrogen supply are used to control the supply of hydrogen to the fuel cell. The manual mode is used to control the solenoid valve in the system in special circumstances such as faults and maintenance. Among them, in the manual mode, the solenoid valve in the system can be manually controlled. After power-on, the system enters the hydrogen supply shutdown mode. When hydrogen is not added, the working hydrogen bottle is selected, and the overall hydrogen supply or grouped hydrogen supply is selected according to the requirements. The overall hydrogen supply is used in the case where the total number of bottles is small and insufficient for grouping. Grouped hydrogen supply divides the hydrogen bottles into working groups and alternative groups, which are used in the case where the total number of bottles is large. When grouping hydrogen, if the current working hydrogen bottle is insufficient or fails, the hydrogen supply switching mode is entered, and the alternative hydrogen bottles are selected for switching according to the order and priority. At the same time, the hydrogen supply system controller notifies the fuel cell system controller to control the anode hydrogen pressure fluctuations generated during switching. This solution can reduce system power consumption and the risk of hydrogen leakage, avoid damage to the fuel cell stack due to lack of hydrogen at the anode or excessive pressure fluctuations, avoid excessive cycles of individual hydrogen bottles, and improve system safety and reliability.

[0056] The present invention provides a control method for a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, which divides the control of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system into multiple modes, realizes functions such as normal operation, fault monitoring, hydrogen bottle selection, hydrogen bottle switching and hydrogen filling, and improves the safety and reliability of the system. In manual mode, the solenoid valve in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system can be manually controlled. After power-on, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system enters the hydrogen supply shutdown mode. When not adding hydrogen, the working hydrogen bottle is selected, and the overall hydrogen supply or group hydrogen supply is selected according to requirements. When hydrogen is supplied in groups, if the current working hydrogen bottle has insufficient gas or fails, it enters the hydrogen supply switching mode, and selects to switch among the alternative hydrogen bottles according to order and priority. At the same time, the hydrogen supply system controller TCU notifies the fuel cell system controller FCU to control the anode hydrogen pressure fluctuations generated during the hydrogen supply switching.

[0057] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell hydrogen supply system, characterized in that: The fuel cell hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogen filling port (1), a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles (2), a first shut-off valve (3), an overflow valve (4), a needle valve (5), a pressure reducing valve (6), a safety valve (7), a second shut-off valve (8), a hydrogen concentration sensor (9), a high pressure sensor (10), a low pressure sensor (11), an infrared transmitter (12) and a hydrogen supply system controller (13); the plurality of hydrogen storage bottles (2) are connected to a fuel cell system (14) via high pressure pipelines; the first shut-off valve (3), the overflow valve (4), the needle valve (5), the pressure reducing valve (6), the safety valve (7) and the second shut-off valve (8) are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure pipeline, the hydrogen filling port (1) is connected to the high-pressure pipeline between the hydrogen storage bottle (2) and the first shut-off valve (3), the hydrogen concentration sensor (9), the high-pressure sensor (10), the low-pressure sensor (11) and the infrared transmitter (12) are all electrically connected to the hydrogen supply system controller (13), the hydrogen supply system controller (13) is also electrically connected to the fuel cell system controller (15), and the fuel cell system controller (15) is electrically connected to the fuel cell system (14); wherein, When the hydrogen supply system controller (13) determines that the hydrogen storage bottle (2) needs to be filled with hydrogen, it controls the first shut-off valve (3) and the second shut-off valve (8) to be closed, and then controls the filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle (2) through the hydrogen filling port (1); When the hydrogen supply system controller (13) determines that the hydrogen storage bottle (2) does not need to be filled with hydrogen, it controls the first shut-off valve (3) and the second shut-off valve (8) to be opened, and the hydrogen supply system controller (13) first selects group hydrogen supply or overall hydrogen supply according to the requirements of the fuel cell system controller (15); then the fuel cell system controller (15) controls the hydrogen supply system controller (13) to enter the hydrogen supply operation mode, and when the hydrogen supply system controller (13) enters the hydrogen supply operation mode, it controls the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle (2) to be transported to the fuel cell system (14) through the high-pressure pipeline; wherein the hydrogen supply system controller (13) and the fuel cell system controller (15) together control the normal operation of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system.

2. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the hydrogen supply system controller determines that the hydrogen storage bottle (2) needs to be filled with hydrogen, the filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine is connected to the hydrogen filling port (1), and the one-way valve inside the hydrogen filling port (1) can prevent hydrogen from leaking out when the filling port (1) is damaged, and the filter inside the hydrogen filling port (1) is responsible for filtering the hydrogen.

3. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the hydrogen storage bottle (2) are respectively provided with a bottle mouth valve (21) and a bottle tail valve (22); the bottle mouth valve (21) is integrated with a pressure sensor (211), a temperature sensor (212), a first TPRD, a manual stop valve and a solenoid valve; the pressure sensor (211) is used to monitor the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle (2); the temperature sensor (212) is used to monitor the hydrogen temperature in the hydrogen storage bottle (2); the first TPRD is used to discharge the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle (2) during overheat protection; the manual stop valve and the solenoid valve are used to jointly control the on and off of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle (2); and the bottle tail valve (22) is a tail plug with a second TPRD.

4. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The excess flow valve (4) is capable of limiting the flow rate of hydrogen in the high-pressure pipeline when the pressure difference between its two ends is greater than a first set value; The needle valve (5) can be manually opened to discharge hydrogen when a failure occurs in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system; The pressure reducing valve (6) is capable of adjusting the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline to the pressure required by the fuel cell system (14); the safety valve (7) is capable of automatically opening to discharge hydrogen when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline is greater than a second set value; wherein, when a failure occurs in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, the needle valve (5), the pressure reducing valve (6) and the safety valve (7) are linked to safely discharge the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle (2); When the fuel cell hydrogen supply system supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell system (14), the high-pressure sensor (10) and the low-pressure sensor (11) are used to respectively detect the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure pipeline; when the hydrogen pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor (10) exceeds a third set value or the hydrogen pressure detected by the low-pressure sensor (11) is lower than a fourth set value, the hydrogen supply system controller (13) closes all solenoid valves in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and sends abnormal hydrogen pressure alarm information of the high-pressure pipeline to the fuel cell system controller (15), while providing an audible and visual alarm prompt; The fuel cell system controller (15) sends a hydrogenation instruction to the hydrogen supply system controller (13); after receiving the hydrogenation instruction, the hydrogen supply system controller (13) controls the hydrogen filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine through the infrared transmitter (12) to fill the hydrogen storage bottle (2) with hydrogen through the hydrogen filling port (1); wherein, during the process of filling the hydrogen storage bottle (2), the pressure sensor (211) and the temperature sensor (212) transmit the hydrogen pressure and hydrogen temperature in the hydrogen storage bottle (2) to the hydrogen supply system controller (13) in real time through the infrared transmitter (12), so as to realize hydrogen pressure control and hydrogen temperature control during the hydrogen filling process; The hydrogen concentration sensor (9) is used to detect the hydrogen concentration in the environment surrounding the hydrogen storage bottle (2).

5. A control method for a fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The control method of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system comprises the following steps: Step S1: After the hydrogen supply system controller (13) is powered on, the hydrogen supply system controller (13) enters a hydrogen supply shutdown mode, and then the hydrogen supply system controller (13) determines whether the hydrogen storage bottle (2) needs to be filled with hydrogen; Step S2: If the hydrogen storage bottle (2) needs to be filled with hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system controller (13) enters the hydrogenation mode, first controls the first shut-off valve (3) and the second shut-off valve (8) to be closed, and then controls the hydrogen filling gun of the hydrogen filling machine to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle (2) through the hydrogen filling port (1); if the hydrogen storage bottle (2) does not need to be filled with hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system controller (13) maintains the hydrogen supply shutdown mode, and first determines whether the fuel cell hydrogen supply system has Fault, then executing step S3; wherein, during the process of filling the hydrogen storage bottle (2), when the hydrogen supply system controller (13) determines that the hydrogen temperature or hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle (2) is abnormal, a filling stop signal is sent to the hydrogen filling machine through the infrared transmitter (12) to stop filling the hydrogen storage bottle (2), and then all solenoid valves in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system are closed, and the number of the faulty hydrogen storage bottle is sent to the fuel cell system controller (15); Step S3: if the fuel cell hydrogen supply system has a fault, the hydrogen supply system controller (13) sends fault information to the fuel cell system controller (15), and the fuel cell hydrogen supply system cannot operate normally at this time; if the fuel cell hydrogen supply system has no fault, firstly control the first shut-off valve (3) and the second shut-off valve (8) to be opened, and then select group hydrogen supply or overall hydrogen supply according to the requirements of the fuel cell system controller (15), and then execute step S4; Step S4: After the hydrogen supply system controller (13) receives the start-up instruction sent by the fuel cell system controller (15), the hydrogen supply system controller (13) enters the hydrogen supply operation mode; after the hydrogen supply system controller (13) enters the hydrogen supply operation mode, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle (2) is controlled to be transported to the fuel cell system (14) through the high-pressure pipeline.

6. The control method of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps S3 and S4 further include: When the hydrogen supply system controller (13) selects overall hydrogen supply, it determines whether the amount of hydrogen in all hydrogen storage bottles (2) is sufficient, and when sufficient, the hydrogen supply system controller (13) sends information indicating that hydrogen can be supplied normally to the fuel cell system controller (15); After receiving the overall hydrogen supply start-up instruction sent by the fuel cell system controller (15), the hydrogen supply system controller (13) enters the overall hydrogen supply operation mode, opens all hydrogen storage bottles (2) in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, and allows the hydrogen in all hydrogen storage bottles (2) to be transported to the fuel cell system (14) through the high-pressure pipeline.

7. The control method of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: During the process of the hydrogen supply system controller (13) executing the overall hydrogen supply operation mode, if a hydrogen storage bottle in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system fails or the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle is insufficient, the failed hydrogen storage bottle is closed and an alarm is sounded.

8. The control method of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps S3 and S4 further include: When the hydrogen supply system controller (13) selects grouped hydrogen supply, it reads the number of the hydrogen storage bottle that supplied hydrogen last time, and forms a working group with the number of the hydrogen storage bottle that supplied hydrogen last time, and forms a standby group with the numbers of the remaining hydrogen storage bottles, and then determines whether the hydrogen storage bottle that supplied hydrogen last time can continue to supply hydrogen; If the hydrogen storage bottle (2) that supplied hydrogen last time can continue to supply hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system controller (13) sends a message that hydrogen can be supplied normally to the fuel cell system controller (15), and waits for a group hydrogen supply start instruction from the fuel cell system controller (15); If the hydrogen storage bottle (2) that supplied hydrogen last time cannot continue to supply hydrogen, the hydrogen storage bottles that can supply hydrogen normally in the alternative group are replaced into the working group in order of the number of times used from the least to the most, and the hydrogen storage bottles that cannot continue to supply hydrogen in the working group are removed, and then the hydrogen supply system controller (13) sends the fuel cell system controller (15) information that hydrogen can be supplied normally, and waits for the group hydrogen supply start instruction of the fuel cell system controller (15); wherein, if the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group cannot supply hydrogen normally, information that the hydrogen storage bottles are faulty and cannot supply hydrogen is sent to the fuel cell system controller (15); After receiving a group hydrogen supply start instruction sent by the fuel cell system controller (15), the hydrogen supply system controller (13) enters a group hydrogen supply operation mode, opens the hydrogen storage bottles (2) in the working group, and allows the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottles (2) in the working group to be transported to the fuel cell system (14) through the high-pressure pipeline.

9. The control method of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: During the process of the hydrogen supply system controller (13) executing the group hydrogen supply operation mode, if a hydrogen storage bottle in the working group fails or the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle is insufficient, the hydrogen supply switching mode is entered; After entering the hydrogen supply switching mode, determining whether the hydrogen storage bottle in the alternative group is faulty or whether the amount of hydrogen is sufficient; When a hydrogen storage bottle in the alternative group fails or the amount of hydrogen is insufficient, information indicating that the hydrogen storage bottle fails or the amount of hydrogen is insufficient is sent to the fuel cell system controller (15), and the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is shut down; When the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group are not faulty and the hydrogen supply is sufficient, the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group that can normally supply hydrogen are replaced in the working group in order of the number of times used from small to large, and the hydrogen storage bottles in the working group that can no longer supply hydrogen are removed, and then the fuel cell system controller (15) is notified to dynamically correct the over-high or over-low hydrogen pressure state at the front end of the fuel cell system (14) to ensure the stability of the hydrogen pressure entering the stack; then the hydrogen supply system controller (13) returns to the grouped hydrogen supply operation mode.

10. The control method of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of replacing the hydrogen storage bottles in the alternative group that can normally supply hydrogen into the working group in the order of the number of times used from the least to the most also includes: When there are multiple hydrogen storage bottles that have been used the same number of times and can normally supply hydrogen in the alternative group, the multiple hydrogen storage bottles that have been used the same number of times and can normally supply hydrogen are replaced into the working group in the order of the hydrogen storage bottle numbers from small to large.

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