Broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circular polarizers, and provides a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer. The broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer comprises a rotor and a stator which are rotationally connected, and the rotor is provided with a polarization waveguide cavity; the phase shift stepped structure is arranged on the wall surface of the rotor forming polarization waveguide cavity and is used for realizing a 90-degree phase difference of an electric field in the vertical and horizontal directions and generating circularly polarized waves with good performance; the driving part is connected with the rotor and used for driving the rotor to rotate relative to the stator; the rotor rotates relative to the stator to change the position of the phase shift step structure so as to adjust the polarization direction of the circularly polarized wave. Polarization rotation adjustability is realized through the stator and the rotor, a phase shift step structure is arranged in a polarization waveguide cavity, the bandwidth of the circular polarizer is widened, the circular polarizer adapts to a wider working frequency band, universality and circular polarization performance are improved, and the circular polarization direction of electromagnetic waves is adjusted through the structure that the rotor and the stator are rotationally connected. Therefore, circular polarization application scenes in the left-handed direction and the right-handed direction can be adapted, the flexibility is enhanced, and the universality is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of circular polarizers, and in particular to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer. Background Art

[0002] Circular polarizers are devices that convert linear polarization signals to circular polarization signals. They are important components of circular polarization antennas and are widely used in satellite communications and other fields. The performance of circular polarizers directly affects the axial ratio performance of antennas, that is, the purity of circular polarization. Axial ratio is one of the main bottlenecks that limit antenna bandwidth.

[0003] In the prior art, the rotation direction of circular polarization waves is divided into left-handed and right-handed directions. A set of antennas can usually only receive circularly polarized signals in the left-handed or right-handed directions. At the same time, the signal frequency range that the circular polarizer can convert is relatively small, that is, the existing circular polarizer has the problem of narrow bandwidth and inability to adjust the polarization direction. As the development of satellite antenna technology places increasing requirements on the applicable bandwidth, axial ratio and other performance of circular polarizers, how to achieve broadband characteristics and circular polarizers that support adjustment of circular polarization direction is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer, which is used to solve the defects of the circular polarizer in the prior art, that is, the bandwidth is narrow and the polarization direction cannot be adjusted.

[0005] The present invention provides a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer, comprising: A stator, used to connect with an object; A rotor, rotatably connected to the stator, wherein the rotor is provided with a polarization waveguide cavity; A phase-shifting ladder structure is arranged on the wall surface of the rotor forming the polarization waveguide cavity, and the phase-shifting ladder structure is used to circularly polarize the electromagnetic wave; A driving member connected to the rotor, the driving member being used to drive the rotor to rotate relative to the stator; Wherein, the rotor rotates relative to the stator to change the position of the phase-shifting step structure and thereby adjust the polarization direction of the circularly polarized wave.

[0006] According to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention, the phase-shifting step structure includes a first step block, a second step block, a third step block and a fourth step block, the first step block and the second step block are axially symmetrically arranged on the wall surface of the polarization waveguide cavity, the third step block and the fourth step block are axially symmetrically arranged on the wall surface of the polarization waveguide cavity, and the first step block, the second step block, the third step block and the fourth step block are all provided with at least two step portions.

[0007] According to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention, a circular waveguide input port is provided at one end of the rotor and a circular waveguide output port is provided at the other end of the rotor, the wall surface of the rotor forming the polarization waveguide cavity is sequentially provided with a first rectangular-circular transition section connected to the circular waveguide input port, a square waveguide section and a second rectangular-circular transition section connected to the circular waveguide output port, and the phase-shifting ladder structure is located in the square waveguide section.

[0008] According to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention, the first step block and the second step block are located on the midline of the opposite side walls of the square waveguide section and are parallel to the axis of the square waveguide section, and the third step block and the fourth step block are located on the midline of the other opposite side walls of the square waveguide section and are parallel to the axis of the square waveguide section.

[0009] According to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention, the first step block, the second step block, the third step block and the fourth step block all have the step portions arranged in a symmetrical structure with a high middle and low sides.

[0010] According to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention, the first step block, the second step block, the third step block and the fourth step block are all provided with nine step portions, and the lengths of the step portions corresponding to each level on the first step block, the second step block, the third step block and the fourth step block are equal.

[0011] According to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention, the stator is provided with a sleeve channel, the rotor is inserted into the sleeve channel, and a bearing is provided between the rotor and the wall of the sleeve channel.

[0012] According to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention, the rotor includes a first splicing piece and a second splicing piece, a positioning structure is arranged between the first splicing piece and the second splicing piece, and the first splicing piece and the second splicing piece are spliced ​​through the positioning structure to form the polarization waveguide cavity.

[0013] According to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention, a limiting structure is arranged between the stator and the rotor, and the limiting structure is used to limit the rotation angle range of the rotor relative to the stator.

[0014] According to a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention, the limiting structure includes a connecting block and a rotating window arranged on the stator, the connecting block is located in the rotating window, the driving member is connected to the rotor through the connecting block, and the wall surface of the rotating window abuts against the connecting block to limit the rotation of the rotor.

[0015] The broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention has at least beneficial effects: the stator is connected and fixed to objects such as waveguides and antennas, the rotor is connected to the stator in rotation, the signal generated or transmitted by the object connected to the stator is transmitted through the polarization waveguide cavity of the rotor, and the phase-shifting ladder structure located in the polarization waveguide cavity shifts the phase of the signal, that is, the electromagnetic wave, so that the electric field phase of the electromagnetic wave changes, and the circular polarization of the electromagnetic wave is realized. The phase-shifting ladder structure adapts to signals of different frequencies with different height steps to realize the phase shifting effect, which can effectively reduce the cutoff frequency of the polarization waveguide cavity for the main mode and does not affect the cutoff frequency of the higher-order mode, so as to achieve the effect of expanding the frequency band. The driving member drives the rotor to rotate relative to the stator, adjusts the position of the phase-shifting ladder structure, so as to adjust the phase shifting effect on the electric field phase of the electromagnetic wave, and then realizes the adjustment of the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, that is, circular polarization in the left-hand direction or the right-hand direction. Therefore, by arranging a phase-shifting ladder structure in the polarization waveguide cavity, it is beneficial to broaden the bandwidth of the circular polarizer to adapt to a wider operating frequency band, improve the versatility and circular polarization performance, and at the same time, the structure of the rotatable connection between the rotor and the stator is conducive to adjusting the circular polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave to adapt to the circular polarization usage scenarios in the left-handed direction and the right-handed direction, enhance flexibility and further improve versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional exploded diagram of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view along the central axis direction of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a graph of the simulation results of the standing wave ratio of a broadband polarization-adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram of S-parameter simulation results of a broadband polarization-adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a phase shift simulation result diagram of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided by the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals: 100: stator; 200: rotor; 210: polarization waveguide cavity; 300: phase-shifting step structure; 400: driving member; 310: first step block; 330: third step block; 340: fourth step block; 301: step portion; 201: circular waveguide input port; 202: circular waveguide output port; 211: first rectangular-circular transition section; 212: square waveguide section; 213: second rectangular-circular transition section; 110: sleeve channel; 500: bearing member; 220: first splicing member; 230: second splicing member; 240: positioning structure; 250: limiting structure; 251: connecting block; 252: rotating window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Combine the following Figure 1 and Figure 2 A broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention is described, comprising: Stator 100, used for connecting with an object; A rotor 200 is rotatably connected to the stator 100, and the rotor 200 is provided with a polarization waveguide cavity 210; A phase-shifting ladder structure 300 is disposed on a wall of the rotor 200 that forms the polarization waveguide cavity 210, and the phase-shifting ladder structure 300 is used to circularly polarize electromagnetic waves; A driving member 400 connected to the rotor 200, and configured to drive the rotor 200 to rotate relative to the stator 100; The rotor 200 rotates relative to the stator 100 to change the position of the phase-shifting step structure 300 and thus adjust the polarization direction of the circularly polarized wave.

[0025] The stator 100 is connected and fixed to objects such as waveguides and antennas, and the rotor 200 is connected to the stator 100 in rotation. The signal generated or transmitted by the object connected to the stator 100 is transmitted through the polarization waveguide cavity 210 of the rotor 200. The phase-shifting ladder structure 300 located in the polarization waveguide cavity 210 shifts the phase of the signal, that is, the electromagnetic wave, so that the electric field phase of the electromagnetic wave changes, and the circular polarization of the electromagnetic wave is realized. The phase-shifting ladder structure 300 adapts to signals of different frequencies with different height steps to achieve the phase shifting effect, which can effectively reduce the cutoff frequency of the polarization waveguide cavity 210 for the main mode and does not affect the cutoff frequency of the high-order mode, so as to achieve the effect of expanding the frequency band. The driving member 400 drives the rotor 200 to rotate relative to the stator 100, adjusts the position of the phase-shifting ladder structure 300, so as to adjust the phase shifting effect on the electric field phase of the electromagnetic wave, and then realizes the adjustment of the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, that is, circular polarization in the left-hand direction or the right-hand direction.

[0026] Thus, by providing a phase-shifting ladder structure 300 in the polarization waveguide cavity 210, it is beneficial to broaden the bandwidth of the circular polarizer to adapt to a wider operating frequency band, thereby improving versatility and circular polarization performance. At the same time, the structure in which the rotor 200 is rotatably connected to the stator 100 is beneficial to adjusting the circular polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave to adapt to left-handed and right-handed circular polarization usage scenarios, thereby enhancing flexibility and further improving versatility.

[0027] The circular polarization of electromagnetic waves is mainly based on the phase difference of the electric field. By combining two linearly polarized waves of the same frequency and a phase difference of 90 degrees, a rotating electric field can be formed, so that the electric field of the electromagnetic wave rotates along the transmission direction, that is, the circular polarization of the electromagnetic wave is achieved. The phase-shifting ladder structure 300 achieves a 90° phase difference between the vertical and horizontal electric fields, generating circularly polarized waves with good performance. Adjustable polarization rotation is achieved by relative rotation of the stator 100 and the rotor 200 to change the position of the phase-shifting ladder structure 300 and thereby adjust the circular polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave entering the polarization waveguide cavity 210, that is, the polarization direction of the circularly polarized wave.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the phase-shifting ladder structure 300 can be formed of materials such as metal. For the electric field parallel to the ladder, the ladder is capacitive, so that its phase is reduced. For the electric field perpendicular to the ladder, the ladder is inductive, so that its phase is increased, so that a phase difference is generated between the two electric fields, and the phase shifting function of the electromagnetic wave electric field is realized, so as to achieve the effect of circular polarization of the electromagnetic wave. Among them, the equivalent capacitance and equivalent inductance of the ladder are related to the height of the ladder and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave. The phase-shifting ladder structure 300 has multiple ladders, which can adapt to electromagnetic waves of different frequencies to achieve circular polarization, and thus help to broaden the working frequency band of the circular polarizer.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, the phase-shifting ladder structure 300 includes a first ladder block 310, a second ladder block, a third ladder block 330 and a fourth ladder block 340, the first ladder block 310 and the second ladder block are axially symmetrically arranged on the wall of the polarization waveguide cavity 210, the third ladder block 330 and the fourth ladder block 340 are axially symmetrically arranged on the wall of the polarization waveguide cavity 210, and the first ladder block 310, the second ladder block, the third ladder block 330 and the fourth ladder block 340 are all provided with at least two step portions 301.

[0030] The phase-shifting ladder structure 300 includes four ladder blocks, namely, a first ladder block 310, a second ladder block, a third ladder block 330 and a fourth ladder block 340. Each ladder block is provided with at least two step portions 301, and the heights of adjacent step portions 301 on the same ladder block are different. At the same time, the first ladder block 310 and the second ladder block are arranged axially symmetrically, and the third ladder block 330 and the fourth ladder block 340 are arranged axially symmetrically. The structure in which the two ladder blocks are arranged axially symmetrically can ensure uniform phase shifting of linear polarized waves. The axially symmetrical ladder blocks are used as a group. By setting two groups of ladder blocks, the phase shift effect can be enhanced. In the case where the ladder height is limited due to limited size and space, the phase shift effect can also be ensured to achieve circular polarization of electromagnetic waves, which is conducive to improving reliability.

[0031] The step blocks are arranged in the polarization waveguide cavity 210, which can effectively reduce the main mode of the waveguide (such as TE 10 The cutoff frequency of the circular polarizer mode is greatly reduced, while the cutoff frequency of the higher-order mode transmitted in the waveguide is almost not affected, which can effectively widen the operating frequency band of the circular polarizer, and further widen the operating frequency band of the antenna connected to the circular polarizer.

[0032] It should be noted that the first step block 310 and the second step block are axially symmetrically arranged, and the third step block 330 and the fourth step block 340 are axially symmetrically arranged, wherein the axis of axial symmetry refers to the central axis of the polarization waveguide cavity 210 .

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the phase-shifting step structure 300 may also include an implementation of two step blocks, where the two step blocks are axially symmetrically disposed on the wall surface of the polarization waveguide cavity 210 .

[0034] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, a circular waveguide input port 201 is provided at one end of the rotor 200 and a circular waveguide output port 202 is provided at the other end of the rotor 200, and a wall surface of the rotor 200 forming the polarization waveguide cavity 210 is sequentially provided with a first rectangular-circular transition section 211 connected to the circular waveguide input port 201, a square waveguide section 212, and a second rectangular-circular transition section 213 connected to the circular waveguide output port 202, and the phase-shifting ladder structure 300 is located in the square waveguide section 212.

[0035] A circular waveguide input port 201 and a circular waveguide output port 202 are respectively provided at both ends of the rotor 200. After the signal is input from the circular waveguide input port 201, it is transmitted to the square waveguide section 212 through the first rectangular-circular transition section 211. The phase-shifting ladder structure 300 in the square waveguide section 212 performs circular polarization processing on the signal. The circularly polarized signal is transmitted to the circular waveguide output port 202 through the second rectangular-circular transition section 213 for output.

[0036] Since circular waveguides support more polarization modes, circular polarization in circular waveguides is likely to lead to unwanted polarization conversion, and multiple polarization modes are likely to mix and interfere. Therefore, the circular waveguide is transitioned to the square waveguide by providing the polarization waveguide cavity 210 with a first rectangular-circular transition section 211, a square waveguide section 212, and a second rectangular-circular transition section 213. Based on the fact that the square waveguide can stably propagate a single mode, the polarization characteristics of the electromagnetic wave can be better controlled in the square waveguide section 212. In scenarios such as transmitting or receiving antenna polarization signals, the square waveguide helps maintain polarization consistency, which is beneficial to improving the performance of circular polarization.

[0037] After the circular polarization process is completed in the square waveguide section 212, it is then transitioned to the circular waveguide output through the second square-circular transition section 213 to adapt to the original circular waveguide input. The rotor 200 is provided with a circular waveguide input port 201 and a circular waveguide output port 202 at both ends, which can be directly connected to the corrugated horn feed source of the circular waveguide input port 201, and the structure is simple and easy to use.

[0038] It should be noted that the first rectangular-circular transition section 211 and the second rectangular-circular transition section 213 can be used to match broadband impedance by transitioning from a circular waveguide to a square waveguide or from a square waveguide to a circular waveguide through a gradual structure.

[0039] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, the first step block 310 and the second step block are located on the midline of the opposite side walls of the square waveguide section 212 and are parallel to the axis of the square waveguide section 212, and the third step block 330 and the fourth step block 340 are located on the midline of the other opposite side walls of the square waveguide section 212 and are parallel to the axis of the square waveguide section 212.

[0040] In the case of the square waveguide section 212, four step blocks, namely the first step block 310, the second step block, the third step block 330 and the fourth step block 340 are respectively arranged at the midpoints of the four sides of the cross-sectional rectangle, and the length direction of the step block is parallel to the central axis of the square waveguide section 212. With this structure, the phase shifting effect of the step block on the electromagnetic wave in the square waveguide section 212 can be made more uniform and stable, which is conducive to improving the circular polarization effect.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first step block 310 , the second step block 330 , and the fourth step block 340 may be integrally formed with the square waveguide section 212 of the rotor 200 .

[0042] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, the first step block 310, the second step block, the third step block 330 and the fourth step block 340 are all arranged with the step portion 301 in a symmetrical structure with a high middle and low sides.

[0043] The step portions 301 provided on the first step block 310, the second step block, the third step block 330 and the fourth step block 340 are all provided in a symmetrical manner with the middle being high and the sides being low. Figure 2 As shown, symmetry refers to the axisymmetric arrangement of the step block itself. Thus, the polarization waveguide cavity 210 is a structure symmetrical at both ends, and the circular waveguide input port 201 and the circular waveguide output port 202 can be used interchangeably, which is conducive to making the connection and use more convenient, and also conducive to the step block to make the phase shifting effect of the electromagnetic wave more stable.

[0044] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, the first step block 310, the second step block, the third step block 330 and the fourth step block 340 are all provided with nine step portions 301, and the length of the step portion 301 corresponding to each level on the first step block 310, the second step block, the third step block 330 and the fourth step block 340 is equal.

[0045] The first step block 310, the second step block, the third step block 330 and the fourth step block 340 are each provided with nine step portions 301, that is, there are nine steps, which can increase the effective length of the polarization waveguide cavity 210, thereby reducing the cutoff frequency of the main mode to achieve bandwidth expansion, and the length of each step corresponding to each step on each step block is equal, so that the cross-sectional height of the step block is the same on each cross section of the square waveguide section 212, which is beneficial to make the phase shifting effect on the electromagnetic wave more uniform and stable, so as to improve the circular polarization effect.

[0046] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, the stator 100 is provided with a sleeve channel 110, the rotor 200 is inserted into the sleeve channel 110, and a bearing member 500 is provided between the rotor 200 and the wall of the sleeve channel 110.

[0047] The rotor 200 is inserted into the sleeve channel 110, and the stator 100 is sleeved outside the rotor 200. A bearing member 500 is arranged between the stator 100 and the rotor 200 to facilitate the rotation of the rotor 200 relative to the stator 100. In this way, the rotation of the rotor 200 relative to the stator 100 is more stable and reliable, which is conducive to improving the smoothness and stability of the rotation of the rotor 200.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, there may be two bearing components 500, and the two bearing components 500 are respectively connected to two ends of the rotor 200. In some embodiments of the present invention, the bearing component 500 may be implemented as a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing, or the like.

[0049] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, the rotor 200 includes a first splicing piece 220 and a second splicing piece 230, a positioning structure 240 is arranged between the first splicing piece 220 and the second splicing piece 230, and the first splicing piece and the second splicing piece 230 are spliced ​​through the positioning structure 240 to form the polarization waveguide cavity 210.

[0050] The first splicing piece 220 and the second splicing piece 230 are positioned and spliced ​​with each other through the positioning structure 240 to form the polarization waveguide cavity 210, so that the rotor 200 is formed in a splicing manner, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing. After the positioning structure 240 is spliced, the relative position of the step blocks of the phase-shifting step structure 300 in the polarization waveguide cavity 210 is stabilized to avoid offset, thereby improving the reliability of the structure.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, after the first splicing piece 220 and the second splicing piece 230 are spliced ​​together, the stator 100 can be sleeved outside the rotor 200 to limit the separation of the first splicing piece 220 and the second splicing piece 230; bearing parts 500 can also be connected to both ends of the rotor 200 to limit the separation of the first splicing piece 220 and the second splicing piece 230; or the first splicing piece 220 and the second splicing piece 230 can be connected and fixed by providing a threaded connection structure on the first splicing piece 220 and the second splicing piece 230.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the positioning structure 240 includes a concave portion provided on the first splicing piece 220 and a convex portion provided on the second splicing piece 230, and the size of the concave portion corresponds to the size of the convex portion. In some embodiments, the positioning structure 240 may also include a first Z-shaped petal provided on the first splicing piece 220 and a second Z-shaped petal provided on the second splicing piece 230 and complementary to the first Z-shaped petal.

[0053] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, a limiting structure 250 is provided between the stator 100 and the rotor 200 , and the limiting structure 250 is used to limit the rotation angle range of the rotor 200 relative to the stator 100 .

[0054] The limiting structure 250 is provided to limit the angular range of the rotor 200 so as to determine the rotation angle of the rotor 200, thereby making the adjustment more convenient.

[0055] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, the limiting structure 250 includes a connecting block 251 and a rotating window 252 arranged on the stator 100, the connecting block 251 is located in the rotating window 252, the driving member 400 is connected to the rotor 200 through the connecting block 251, and the wall surface of the rotating window 252 abuts against the connecting block 251 to limit the rotation of the rotor 200.

[0056] The driving member 400 is connected to the rotor 200 through the connecting block 251 located in the rotating window 252. When the driving member 400 drives the rotor 200 to rotate, the connecting block 251 also moves in the rotating window 252. When the connecting block 251 abuts against the wall of the rotating window 252, the rotating direction of the rotor 200 can be limited. The size of the rotating window 252 is related to the rotating angle range of the rotor 200. The rotation angle range of the rotor 200 is limited by this structure, and the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0057] In some embodiments of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer of the present invention, the driving member 400 can be driven by manual adjustment; it can also be driven by a driving mechanism, such as a driving mechanism formed by devices such as a motor and gears, and the driving member 400 can be provided with a connecting portion connected to the driving mechanism, such as a tooth portion meshing with the gear.

[0058] refer to Figure 3 , a standing wave ratio simulation (VSWR simulation) diagram of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer is provided in the present invention. According to the simulation results, it can be seen that the standing wave ratio within the bandwidth range is less than 1.1, that is, the broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer provided in the present invention has small reflection loss and high transmission efficiency within the operating frequency range.

[0059] refer to Figure 4 , the present invention provides a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer S 12 Simulation diagram, S 12 It is one of the S scattering parameters, which is used to describe the transmission performance of the input port and the output port. According to the simulation results, the loss is less than 0.12 within the bandwidth range, indicating that it has excellent transmission efficiency while achieving circular polarization.

[0060] refer to Figure 5 , a phase shift simulation diagram of a broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer is provided for the present invention. According to the simulation results, it can be seen that within the bandwidth range, the phase shift difference is in the range of 90°±7°, indicating that it has excellent circular polarization performance.

[0061] In summary, the circular polarizer provided by the present invention not only realizes the function of expanding the working bandwidth and providing adjustable circular polarization direction, but also has excellent transmission efficiency and circular polarization performance, which is conducive to improving versatility and flexibility of use, while providing reliable performance to realize circular polarization of electromagnetic waves.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0063] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0064] All actions to obtain signals, information or data in this application are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where they are located, and with the authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband polarization-adjustable circular polarizer, characterized in that: include: A stator (100), used for connecting with an object; A rotor (200) rotatably connected to the stator (100), wherein the rotor (200) is provided with a polarization waveguide cavity (210); A phase-shifting ladder structure (300) is arranged on a wall surface of the rotor (200) that forms the polarization waveguide cavity (210), and the phase-shifting ladder structure (300) is used to circularly polarize electromagnetic waves; a driving member (400) connected to the rotor (200), the driving member (400) being used to drive the rotor (200) to rotate relative to the stator (100); The rotor (200) rotates relative to the stator (100) to change the position of the phase-shifting step structure (300) and thereby adjust the polarization direction of the circularly polarized wave.

2. The broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase-shifting step structure (300) comprises a first step block (310), a second step block, a third step block (330) and a fourth step block (340); the first step block (310) and the second step block are axially symmetrically arranged on the wall surface of the polarization waveguide cavity (210); the third step block (330) and the fourth step block (340) are axially symmetrically arranged on the wall surface of the polarization waveguide cavity (210); and the first step block (310), the second step block, the third step block (330) and the fourth step block (340) are all provided with at least two step portions (301).

3. The broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A circular waveguide input port (201) is provided at one end of the rotor (200), and a circular waveguide output port (202) is provided at the other end of the rotor (200); a wall surface of the rotor (200) forming the polarization waveguide cavity (210) is provided with a first rectangular-circular transition section (211) connected to the circular waveguide input port (201), a square waveguide section (212), and a second rectangular-circular transition section (213) connected to the circular waveguide output port (202) in sequence; and the phase-shifting ladder structure (300) is located in the square waveguide section (212).

4. The broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first step block (310) and the second step block are located on the midline of the opposite side walls of the square waveguide section (212) and are parallel to the axis of the square waveguide section (212); the third step block (330) and the fourth step block (340) are located on the midline of the other opposite side walls of the square waveguide section (212) and are parallel to the axis of the square waveguide section (212).

5. A broadband polarization-adjustable circular polarizer according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The first step block (310), the second step block, the third step block (330) and the fourth step block (340) are all provided with the step portion (301) in a symmetrical structure with a high middle and low sides.

6. The broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first step block (310), the second step block, the third step block (330) and the fourth step block (340) are each provided with nine step portions (301), and the step portions (301) corresponding to each level on the first step block (310), the second step block, the third step block (330) and the fourth step block (340) are of equal length.

7. The broadband polarization adjustable circular polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator (100) is provided with a sleeve channel (110), the rotor (200) is inserted into the sleeve channel (110), and a bearing component (500) is provided between the rotor (200) and a wall surface of the sleeve channel (110).

8. The broadband polarization-adjustable circular polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor (200) comprises a first splicing piece (220) and a second splicing piece (230), a positioning structure (240) being provided between the first splicing piece (220) and the second splicing piece (230), and the first splicing piece and the second splicing piece (230) are spliced ​​together via the positioning structure (240) to form the polarization waveguide cavity (210).

9. The broadband polarization-adjustable circular polarizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: A limiting structure (250) is provided between the stator (100) and the rotor (200), and the limiting structure (250) is used to limit the rotation angle range of the rotor (200) relative to the stator (100).

10. The broadband polarization-adjustable circular polarizer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The limiting structure (250) comprises a connecting block (251) and a rotating window (252) arranged on the stator (100); the connecting block (251) is located in the rotating window (252); the driving member (400) is connected to the rotor (200) via the connecting block (251); and a wall surface of the rotating window (252) abuts against the connecting block (251) to limit the rotation of the rotor (200).

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