119 results about "Hybrid coupler" patented technology

A power amplifier includes a 3-dB coupler which splits a first signal into a second signal and a third signal lagging behind the second signal by 90°, a carrier amplifier, a peak amplifier, and a hybrid coupler. The carrier amplifier amplifies the second signal and outputs a fourth signal when the first-signal power level is a first level or higher. The peak amplifier amplifies the third signal and outputs a fifth signal when the first-signal power level is a second level or higher, which is higher than the first level. The hybrid coupler includes a first transmission line receiving the fourth signal at its first terminal, and a second transmission line receiving the fifth signal at its first terminal and being open at its second terminal. The first transmission line outputs, from its second terminal, an amplified first signal obtained by combining the fourth and fifth signals.

An amplifier includes a first amplifier circuit, and a second amplifier circuit that amplifies an output signal of the first amplifier circuit. The first amplifier circuit includes a first divider that divides an input signal into a first signal and a second signal, a control amplifier that amplifies the first signal and output an amplified signal as a third signal, a second divider that divide the second signal into a fourth signal and a fifth signal having different phases at a center frequency of an operation band, a first auxiliary amplifier that amplifies the fourth signal and outputs an amplified signal as a sixth signal, a second auxiliary amplifier that amplifies the fifth signal and outputs an amplified signal as a seventh signal, and a hybrid coupler including a first end, a second end, a third end, and a fourth end.

A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus that includes a multi-resonance transmit / receive (T / R) switch, one switch design having a top side and a bottom side of a microstripline based hybrid coupler, a first pin diode, a second pin diode, four vertical transmission lines and six horizontal transmission lines arranged in a bended manner on the microstripline. The top side is associated with a first port and a second port, and electrically connected to the first pin diode and the second pin diode. The bottom side is associated with a third port and a fourth port, and electrically connected with the first pin diode and the second pin diode. The switch receives radio frequency (RF) pulses of different frequencies transmitted to and received from an MRI RF coil where the different frequencies are received concurrently and without tuning by the multi-resonance T / R switch from the MRI RF coil.

According to an aspect of the present inventive concept there is provided a laser system for generating a frequency modulated continuous wave, FMCW, light signal, the system comprising: a tunable laser for generating the FMCW light signal; an optical measurement unit configured to receive a portion of the FMCW light signal, and to output, via an optical hybrid coupler, at least two angle diversity signals based on a difference between a first and second signal formed by splitting the portion of the FMCW light signal wherein the second signal is delayed relative to the first signal, wherein a pair of signals of the at least two angle diversity signals have a fixed phase shift relative to each other; and a control unit configured to: receive the at least two angle diversity signals, estimate, based on the at least two angle diversity signals, a compensation needed for adjusting a non-linearity of a frequency chirp of the tunable laser, and output a corresponding control signal to the tunable laser, wherein the control signal is configured to improve a linearity of the frequency chirp.

An on-chip integrated microwave photonic phase-coded signal generation system relates to the field of microwave photonic technology. The system includes a laser, a power splitter, a radio frequency (RF) switch, a 90° hybrid coupler (HC), a dual-parallel dual-polarization Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM), a polarization-dependent cascaded phase modulator (PDC-PM), a polarization beam splitter, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and a photodetector. In this method, the local oscillator (LO) signal is split into two parts by a power splitter. One part is input into the X-DPMZM to obtain the carrier suppression +1st order sideband of the LO signal. The other part is controlled by an RF switch. When the RF switch is off, the Y-DPMZM only outputs an optical carrier; when the RF switch is on, the Y-DPMZM outputs the -1st order sideband of the LO signal. Then, two orthogonally polarized signals are input into the PDC-PM, which is driven by two independent coding signals. When the amplitude and mode of the coding signals are changed, a binary or quaternary phase-coded signal with a carrier frequency equal to or twice that of the LO signal can be obtained through a photodetector.

A hybrid coupler has a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port to which a load is connected. An input signal distributor distributes a first input signal that is a radio frequency signal into a second input signal and a third input signal. The second input signal is inputted to a balanced amplifier. The balanced amplifier outputs two amplified radio frequency signals with a phase difference of 90° from each other from two output ends, one of which is coupled to the first port and another one of which is coupled to the second port. The control amplifier amplifies the third input signal and outputs the amplified third input signal from an output end. The output end of the control amplifier is coupled to the third port without any circuit component affecting impedance matching disposed in between.

A hybrid coupler-based T / R switch for use in a TDM system. An output hybrid coupler of a balanced amplifier is used to selectively switch a transmit or receive path to an antenna. During transmission, power at the output of the balanced amplifier is delivered directly to the antenna. During reception, power from the antenna is reflected through ports of the hybrid coupler connected to respective two amplifiers of the balanced amplifier, to constructively combine at a port of the coupler coupled to the receive path, with a ninety degrees phase shift. A pair of shunting switches or series switches coupled to the ports of the hybrid coupler connected to the two amplifiers, and a shunting switch coupled to the port coupled to the receive path, control operation of the hybrid coupler-based T / R switch. An additional switch coupled to the port of the coupler that is coupled to the receive path can provide a bypass path for reception or transmission through the antenna while bypassing the balanced amplifier of the transmit path and an amplifier of the receive path.

Wireless communication circuitry may include active phase shifter circuitry. The active phase shifter circuitry may include a quadrature hybrid coupler and amplifiers coupled to the outputs of the quadrature hybrid coupler. An additional quadrature hybrid coupler may be coupled to the amplifiers.

Provided is a single differential-based balanced amplifier including one differential amplifier configured to receive a first differential input signal and a second differential input signal having a phase difference of 180 degrees from the first differential input signal, and output a first differential output signal at a first output terminal and a second differential output signal at a second output terminal, a phase delay circuit configured to receive the first differential output signal, and output a third differential output signal obtained by adjusting a phase of the first differential output signal relative to the second differential output signal by 90 degrees, and a hybrid coupler configured to receive the second differential output signal at a first port, receive a third differential output signal at a third port, and output, at a second port, an in-phase signal in which RF power of the second differential output signal and the third differential output signal are combined in phase.

An antenna assembly includes a patch antenna, a metal layer, and a feed-in signal layer. The metal layer is disposed on a side of the patch antenna and includes a first slot and a second slot. The feed-in signal layer is disposed on a side of the metal layer opposite the second antenna and includes a transmitting port, a receiving port, a hybrid coupler, and two microstrips. The transmitting port and the receiving port are connected to the hybrid coupler, and the two microstrips are extended in the direction away from the hybrid coupler. Projections of two ends of the two microstrips onto the metal layer are overlapped with the first slot and the second slot. An antenna array is also mentioned.

A beam forming network system includes a first beam forming network having first and second ports, in which each of the first ports is operatively coupled to an antenna element; and a second beam forming network including third and fourth ports, in which each of the third ports is operatively coupled to one of the second ports using at least one of a phase shifter, attenuator, power divider, and / or hybrid coupler. A method of beam forming includes coupling each of the first ports associated with a first beam forming network operatively to one antenna element, and coupling each of the third ports associated with a second beam forming network operatively to one of the second ports associated with the first beam forming network using at least one of a phase shifter, attenuator, power divider, and / or hybrid coupler.

A 90 degree hybrid coupler with harmonic termination is presented. According to one aspect, the harmonic is a second harmonic that is connected between the direct port and the coupled port of the hybrid coupler. The harmonic termination includes a resonant circuit that includes at least one capacitor and one inductor in series connection. A resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is selected to be between the operating frequency and the second harmonic. According to one aspect, the resonant frequency is selected to be at a distance of about one third of the operating frequency from the second harmonic. According to yet another aspect, the inductor includes a coupled-line structure that provides an inductance of the inductor. The direct port and coupled port of the coupled-line structure are shorted to ground and the inductance is an inductively coupled inductance between the input port and isolated port of the coupled-line structure.

The technology described herein is directed towards a wide-bandwidth, high-frequency (e.g., millimeter wave) hybrid coupler. One implementation of the hybrid coupler is passive and compact, is designed with a single top metallization layer, and does not require any interconnecting layer. The planar design can include four ports coupled to the four sides of a rectangular (e.g., square) metal plane portion, with cross-shaped slots that intersect in the center of the metal plane portion, and two back-to-back connected slanted bracket slots for efficiently routing E- and H-fields to other ports. Design tweaks can change the radio frequency (RF) characteristics of the hybrid coupler, including, for example, scaling the hybrid coupler dimensions to establish the center frequency, while retaining constant bandwidth. Other tweaks can be made to the dimensions of the cross-shaped slots. The design facilitates integration with other planar RF technologies.

A transmit / receive switch for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a 1H atomic nucleus at 3T (tesla) and 7T magnetic field strengths includes a first and second dielectric substrate and a first and a second microstripline hybrid coupler formed on the first and second dielectric substrates respectively. A first port and a second port are connected to a first junction and a second junction respectively of the first microstripline hybrid coupler, a third port and a fourth port are connected to a third junction and a fourth junction of the second microstripline hybrid coupler respectively. Each port is connected by a matching network embodied by a microstripline wire to a pair of parallel resonant circuits. The transmit / receive switch is configured to operate at a fundamental frequency of about 127.8 MHz at 3T and at a third harmonic frequency of about 298 MHz at 7T.

One example includes a superconducting readout system. The system includes an RF hybrid coupler configured to receive an RF input signal and to generate at least one RF tuning signal and an RF output signal based on the RF input signal. The system also includes at least one tunable resonator system comprising a tunable resonator configured to receive the respective RF tuning signal(s). Each of the tunable resonator(s) can have a resonant frequency that is set by a superconducting input signal, such that the RF tuning signal(s) is reflected back to the RF hybrid coupler to provide a variable phase-shift of the RF output signal relative to the RF input signal that is based on the superconducting input signal. The system further includes a phase monitor configured to measure a phase difference between the RF input signal and the RF output signal to determine the superconducting input signal.

Device (20) for wireless communication, comprising a first antenna (12), a second antenna (22), and a hybrid coupler (11) connecting the first antenna (12) and the second antenna (22) to opposite transmission paths (TX), to potentially double the TX coverage of the space, wherein the first antenna (12) is connected to a first port (2) of the hybrid coupler (11), wherein the second antenna (22) is connected to a second port (3) of the hybrid coupler (11), and wherein the first antenna (12) and the second antenna (22) are mutually isolated and arranged in a back- to-back configuration.

The invention provides a high-frequency power amplifier which can realize miniaturization and broadband. The input signal distributor distributes a high-frequency first input signal into a second input signal and a third input signal. A second input signal is input to the balanced amplifier. And two output ends of the balanced amplifier for outputting two amplified high-frequency signals with a phase difference of 90 degrees are respectively coupled with the first port and the second port. And the control amplifier amplifies the third input signal and outputs the amplified signal from the output end. The output of the control amplifier is coupled to the third port without via a circuit component that affects impedance matching. The balanced amplifier and the control amplifier are supplied with a common power supply voltage. The voltage level of the first input signal when the current output from the control amplifier rises is higher than the voltage level of the first input signal when the current output from the balance amplifier rises. The hybrid coupler varies a load impedance of a balanced amplifier coupled to the first and second ports in accordance with a current level of a high-frequency signal input from the control amplifier to the third port.

To provide a Doherty amplifier circuit capable of suppressing an influence of intermodulation distortion while suppressing a circuit scale.SOLUTION: A Doherty amplifier circuit includes: a 90-degree hybrid coupler including an input terminal to which a first input signal is input, a first output terminal that outputs a first output signal based on the first input signal, a second output terminal that outputs a second output signal having a phase different from that of the first output signal by 90 degrees based on the first input signal, and an isolation terminal that ensures isolation with the input terminal; a carrier amplifier that amplifies the first output signal and outputs a first amplified signal; and a peak amplifier that amplifies the second output signal and outputs a second amplified signal. The isolation terminal is a terminal to which a second harmonic of a frequency band of a second harmonic of the first input signal is input.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic radiation and antenna arrays, in particular to an electromagnetic radiation array applied to emergency rescue, which comprises a Butler matrix of a substrate integrated waveguide, and is characterized in that the Butler matrix is formed by cascading a plurality of hybrid couplers, fixed phase shifters and cross couplers; and the input port and the output port of the Butler matrix are interconnected through a non-crossed waveguide transmission line. According to the invention, based on the optimized substrate integrated waveguide Butler matrix, the insertion loss and crosstalk of the feed network are significantly reduced through port rearrangement and non-cross wiring, and the core problems of weak anti-interference capability, short communication distance and limited network capacity in a traditional emergency communication system are effectively solved. The method is suitable for reliable communication and detection tasks of an unmanned aerial vehicle or a ground mobile platform in a complex rescue environment.

The invention relates to a method (100) for adjusting a high-frequency power distribution at two output ports (A3, A4) of a hybrid coupler (16) having two input ports (A1, A2) and two output ports (A3, A4) and three phase shifters (Qphi1, Qphi2, Qphi3), said method (100) comprising: a) generating (102) a first input signal (S1); b) generating (104) a second input signal (S2) that is phase-shifted relative to the first input signal (S1) by a fourth phase angle (phi0); c) coupling (106) the first input signal (S1) into the first input port (A1) and the second input signal (S2) into the second input port (A2); d) adjusting (108) a power distribution of output signals (S3, S4) at the output ports (A3, A4) using one of the phase angles (phi0, phi1, phi2, phi3), and e) out-coupling (110) the first output signal (S3) at the first output port (A3) and the second output signal (S4) at the second output port (A4). The invention also relates to a hybrid coupler (16) designed to carry out the method, to a hybrid coupler system (10), to a hybrid coupler arrangement (18), and to the use thereof.

A measurement system is provided. Said measurement system comprises a first measurement chain, a second measurement chain, a radio frequency hybrid coupler, a first radio frequency port connected to the first measurement chain via the radio frequency hybrid coupler, a second radio frequency port connected to the second measurement chain via the radio frequency hybrid coupler, a first attenuator or a first radio frequency switch for the first radio frequency port, and a second attenuator or a second radio frequency switch for the second radio frequency port. In this context, a first transmission coefficient of the first attenuator or the first radio frequency switch is controllable. In addition to this, a second transmission coefficient of the second attenuator or the second radio frequency switch is controllable.

Techniques are disclosed for implementing a CMOS-compatible millimeter wave matrix computing network architecture, which enables high-speed matrix operations for deep learning neural networks through a reconfigurable feedforward architecture using matrix computing meshes. Each mesh may include hybrid couplers and adjustable phase shifters. The architecture may be configured in various arrangements with programmable weights. The architecture offers advantages over existing solutions through full CMOS compatibility, the elimination of optical-electrical conversion, improved scalability, total latency, and superior power efficiency. Applications include massive MIMO systems and cognitive radar, in which the network may be implemented as part of RF front ends to reduce ADC requirements, system complexity, and power consumption.

A transmission circuit (10) is provided with: an input terminal (T0) for receiving a high-frequency signal; output terminals (T1, T2); amplification circuits (105A, 105B); a connection line (145); output circuits (170A, 170B); and switches (S1A, S1B). Each amplification circuit amplifies the high-frequency signal received at the input terminal. The output circuit (170A) transmits a signal amplified by the amplification circuit (105A) to the output terminal (T1). The output circuit (170B) transmits a signal amplified by the amplification circuit (105B) to the output terminal (T2). Each amplification circuit includes a carrier amplifier, a peak amplifier, and a hybrid coupler. In each amplifier, the carrier amplifier and the peak amplifier are respectively connected to two input terminals of the hybrid coupler. A corresponding output circuit is connected to one output terminal of the hybrid coupler. Each switch is connected to the other output terminal of the hybrid coupler. One output terminal of one hybrid coupler and one output terminal of the other hybrid coupler are interconnected via the connection line. High-frequency signals of mutually different phases are supplied to the first and second amplification circuits. The connection line has the same electrical length as that of at least one phase shift line of the hybrid couplers.

This antenna module comprises a plurality of radiation elements (600) and a plurality of transmission circuits (200A). Each radiation element has power supply points (V1, V2). Each transmission circuit includes a phase shift circuit (110) and an amplifier circuit (CT1A). The amplifier circuit amplifies a signal from the phase shift circuit and transmits the amplified signal to each power supply point. The amplifier circuit includes a carrier amplifier (141A), a hybrid coupler (160A), switches (S1A to S3A), and phase shift lines (171A, 172A). The hybrid coupler includes lines (161A to 164A). The switch (S1A) is connected between a ground potential (GND) and a connection node (N1A) between the line (161A) and the line (162A). The switch (S2A) is connected between the ground potential and a connection node (N2A) between the line (162A) and the line (164A). The switch (S3A) is connected between the ground potential and a connection node (N3A) between the line (163A) and the line (164A). The phase shift line (171A) is connected between the connection node (N3A) and the power supply point (V1). The phase shift line (172A) is connected between the connection node (N2A) and the power supply point (V2). A signal from the carrier amplifier (141A) is supplied to a connection node (N4A) between the line (161A) and the line (163A).

A Doherty amplifier circuit includes a 90° hybrid coupler that includes an input terminal receiving a first input signal, a first output terminal outputting a first output signal on the basis of the first input signal, a second output terminal outputting, on the basis of the first input signal, a second output signal different in phase by 90° from the first output signal, and an isolation terminal whose isolation from the input terminal is ensured; a carrier amplifier that amplifies the first output signal to output a first amplified signal; and a peak amplifier that amplifies the second output signal to output a second amplified signal. The isolation terminal is a terminal which receives a second harmonic in the second harmonic frequency band of the first input signal.

A balanced power amplifier includes a first power amplifier configured to apply a first gain having a first predetermined magnitude and a first programmable phase adjustable phase to generate a first amplified signal, the first programmable phase being adjustable to either a first phase or to a second phase that is 180° phase shifted relative to the first phase; a second power amplifier configured to apply a second gain having a second predetermined magnitude and a second programmable phase to generate a second amplified signal, the second programmable phase being adjustable to either the first phase or to the second phase; and a 90° hybrid coupler configured to receive the first amplified signal and the second amplified signal and generate and output a first output signal or a second output signal based on a combination of the first amplified signal and the second amplified signal.

A hybrid coupler-based T / R switch for use in a TDM system. An output hybrid coupler of a balanced amplifier is used to selectively switch a transmit or receive path to an antenna. During transmission, power at the output of the balanced amplifier is delivered directly to the antenna. During reception, power from the antenna is reflected through ports of the hybrid coupler connected to respective two amplifiers of the balanced amplifier, to constructively combine at a port of the coupler coupled to the receive path, with a ninety degrees phase shift. A pair of shunting switches or series switches coupled to the ports of the hybrid coupler connected to the two amplifiers, and a shunting switch coupled to the port coupled to the receive path, control operation of the hybrid coupler-based T / R switch. An additional switch coupled to the port of the coupler that is coupled to the receive path can provide a bypass path for reception or transmission through the antenna while bypassing the balanced amplifier of the transmit path and an amplifier of the receive path.

The invention relates to a base station antenna. The base station antenna comprises an antenna housing; the X antenna arrays are configured to be annularly distributed along the inner wall of the antenna housing, and X is larger than or equal to 2; and a feed network configured to have N radio frequency (RF) ports and X feed ports connected to the X antenna arrays, and N < = X. Wherein the feed network comprises a plurality of power dividers and at least one 90-degree hybrid coupler connected to the N RF ports. Wherein the phase difference among the X antenna arrays is set by arranging the connection relationship between the X antenna arrays and the feed network, so as to realize the quasi-omnidirectional antenna pattern.

A beam forming network system includes a first beam forming network having first and second ports, in which each of the first ports is operatively coupled to an antenna element; and a second beam forming network including third and fourth ports, in which each of the third ports is operatively coupled to one of the second ports using at least one of a phase shifter, attenuator, power divider, and / or hybrid coupler. A method of beam forming includes coupling each of the first ports associated with a first beam forming network operatively to one antenna element, and coupling each of the third ports associated with a second beam forming network operatively to one of the second ports associated with the first beam forming network using at least one of a phase shifter, attenuator, power divider, and / or hybrid coupler.

An antenna array feed network includes two or more antenna elements, a 180° hybrid coupler, one or more combiners, two or more transceiver systems including a secondary transceiver system with a transceiver, a diplexer, and amplifier with each remaining transceiver system including a transceiver, a diplexer, a directional coupler, a RF switch, a preamplifier, a network circulator, a programmable attenuator, and an amplifier. The two or more antenna elements form an antenna array. The 180° hybrid coupler provides amplitude controlled null steering and two separate RF signals for an individual port of the antenna array. The programmable attenuator provides automated null steering algorithms for the antenna array feed network. The analog phase shifter equalizes magnitudes of a phase of the two more antenna elements. The one or more combiners feed two or more transceiver systems into the 180° hybrid coupler or the antenna elements into the 180° hybrid coupler.