A mechanical weak magnetic speed regulating permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mechanical weak magnetic speed regulating permanent magnet motor, which belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet motors, and comprises a motor body, wherein both sides of the motor body are respectively provided with an exhaust hole group and an air inlet hole group, the motor body is internally rotatably connected with a rotating shaft, the inner side wall of the motor body is symmetrically provided with a stator disk, the surface of the rotating shaft is slidably connected with two groups of symmetrically designed permanent magnet rotors through a slide rail, and a side of the stator disk close to the permanent magnet rotor is provided with multiple groups of coil assemblies along a ring design. In the present invention, when the speed of the motor body increases, the speed of the rotating shaft changes, the centrifugal force of the sealing piston block and the counterweight block changes, and the pressure change inside the sealing chamber is controlled, so that the gap between the magnet and the coil assembly is adjusted by hydraulic pressure, which not only does not require additional energy, but also achieves energy-saving effect, and can perform automatic weak magnetic control according to the real-time speed, effectively ensuring the stability and safety of the operation of the motor body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of permanent magnet motors, and in particular to a mechanical weak-field speed-regulating permanent magnet motor. Background Art

[0002] A permanent magnet motor is a motor that uses permanent magnets as its rotor. Its working principle is mainly to utilize the interaction between the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets and the rotating magnetic field generated when the stator winding is energized, thereby generating torque and driving the rotor to rotate.

[0003] During the use of permanent magnet motors, constant torque load characteristics are required at rated speeds and below. At this time, the permanent magnet flux of the motor remains unchanged, the stator current is all torque current, and the motor terminal voltage changes in direct proportion to the speed. At the rated speed, the terminal voltage reaches the maximum value and is equal to the rated voltage. Above the rated speed, constant power load characteristics are required. At this time, since the permanent magnet flux cannot be adjusted, in order to ensure the stability of the motor operation, only demagnetization current can be applied through the stator to reduce the main flux, so that the motor terminal voltage remains unchanged while the rated voltage increases with the speed. The motor will maintain rated current and rated power operation, and the torque will decrease linearly with the increase in speed to ensure the normal operation of the motor. However, this adjustment method requires additional power supply compensation. Therefore, when the motor exceeds the rated speed, it will not only increase energy consumption, but also affect the stability of the permanent magnet motor at high speed.

[0004] How to invent a mechanical weak-field speed-regulating permanent magnet motor to improve these problems has become an urgent problem to be solved by technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a mechanical weak-field speed-regulating permanent magnet motor, aiming to improve the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] The present invention provides a mechanical weak magnetic speed regulation permanent magnet motor, comprising a motor body, exhaust hole groups and air inlet hole groups are respectively opened on both sides of the motor body, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the motor body, a stator disk is symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the motor body, two groups of symmetrically designed permanent magnet rotors are slidably connected on the surface of the rotating shaft through a slide rail, a plurality of groups of coil assemblies are designed in an annular manner on one side of the stator disk close to the permanent magnet rotor, a plurality of groups of magnets designed corresponding to the coil assemblies are arranged on one side of the permanent magnet rotor close to the coil assembly, an output shaft extending to the outside of the motor body is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft, a blade group is arranged on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft, and an air gap adjustment mechanism is also arranged inside the motor body.

[0008] Preferably, the air gap adjustment mechanism includes a center disk arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a sealed cavity is opened inside the center disk, and the sealed cavity is filled with hydraulic oil, a piston shaft is sleeved in the sealed cavity, the piston shaft is connected to the permanent magnet rotor, a reset spring is arranged between the permanent magnet rotor and the center disk, a sealing piston block is also sleeved inside the center disk, the sealing piston block is connected to the sealed cavity, and the end of the sealing piston block away from the sealed cavity is also connected to a counterweight block through a spring, and a heat dissipation component and a manual adjustment component are also arranged inside the motor body.

[0009] Preferably, the heat dissipation component includes a connecting cavity opened inside the motor body, a connecting pipeline is opened inside the rotating shaft, the connecting pipeline connects the sealing cavity with the connecting cavity, and a centrifugal valve is arranged inside the connecting pipeline, a valve block is connected to the inside of the centrifugal valve through a spring sleeve, a buffer hole is opened between the inside of the centrifugal valve and the connecting pipeline, an adjusting ring is movably sleeved inside the motor body, an arc spring is arranged between the adjusting ring and the motor body, a connecting groove connecting the adjusting ring and the connecting cavity is also opened inside the motor body, an adjusting mesh plate is arranged on the side wall of the adjusting ring, and the adjusting mesh plate cooperates with the air inlet hole group.

[0010] Preferably, the manual adjustment component includes an adjustment handle 1 arranged at the end of the motor body, the internal thread of the adjustment handle 1 is connected to a threaded sleeve, an adjustment piston is arranged at the end of the threaded sleeve away from the adjustment handle 1, the adjustment piston is sealingly and movably connected to the motor body, an adjustment chamber is opened inside the motor body, and a pipe connecting the adjustment chamber and the sealing chamber is opened inside the rotating shaft, and a limit position component is also arranged inside the adjustment handle 1.

[0011] Preferably, the limit assembly includes an adjusting handle 2 movably sleeved inside the adjusting handle 1, a spring is arranged between the adjusting handle 2 and the adjusting handle 1, a fixed sleeve is arranged at the end of the adjusting handle 2 facing the rotating shaft, the fixed sleeve is movably sleeved with the adjusting piston, a movable rod is sleeved inside the fixed sleeve, a first adjusting shaft is arranged at the end of the movable rod located inside the adjusting handle 2, a second adjusting shaft is arranged at the end of the movable rod away from the adjusting handle 2, a prismatic sleeve is movably sleeved inside the rotating shaft for limiting positioning, a connecting rope is connected between the prismatic sleeve and the sealing piston block, a group of threaded shafts threadedly connected to the prismatic sleeve are also rotatably connected inside the rotating shaft, and an adjusting sleeve is arranged at the end of the threaded shaft close to the clamping block 1.

[0012] Preferably, a clamping block 2 is provided inside the adjusting handle 2 close to the end of the movable rod, a chamfer is provided on the side of the clamping block 2 away from the movable rod, a sliding groove 1 matching with the clamping block 2 is provided on the inner side of the adjusting handle 2, a spring group is provided between the clamping block 2 and the adjusting handle 2, a fixed sleeve is provided with a second adjusting shaft at one end thereof, multiple groups of clamping blocks 1 are sleeved on the side of the clamping block 1 away from the fixed sleeve, a chamfer is provided on the inner side wall of the adjusting sleeve, and a sliding groove 2 matching with the clamping block 1 is also provided between the clamping block 1 and the fixed sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the interior of the adjusting handle 1 is rotatably connected to gear 1, and the interior of the adjusting handle 1 is also rotatably connected to gear 2, the number of teeth of gear 1 is smaller than the number of teeth of gear 2, a gear for transmission is arranged between gear 1 and gear 2, the center of gear 1 is designed as a hexagonal groove, and the side wall of the fixed sleeve is designed as a hexagonal prism corresponding to the center of gear 1, the side wall of gear 2 is provided with a scale, and the surface of the adjusting handle 1 is provided with an observation port for observing the scale of the side wall of gear 2.

[0014] Preferably, the air gap adjustment mechanism includes an airtight disk arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, an airtight groove connected to the interior of the airtight disk is opened inside the rotating shaft, an airtight shaft connected to the permanent magnet rotor is sleeved in the airtight groove, a spring is arranged between the airtight disk and the permanent magnet rotor, a cylinder is arranged outside the motor body, a group of airtight channels are connected to the output end of the cylinder, the airtight channels extend from one end away from the cylinder to the interior of the motor body, and the gap at the connection between the motor body and the rotating shaft is connected to the airtight channel.

[0015] Preferably, the air gap adjustment mechanism includes a convex shaft arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft, the convex shaft is rotatably connected with a bidirectional threaded column, the bidirectional threaded column is threadedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor, the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded column is sleeved with an adjusting gear, a central gear meshing with the adjusting gear is arranged inside the rotating shaft, the inner part of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with a driving gear, the driving gear and the central gear are connected through a group of transition gears, the driving gear is connected to a group of connecting shafts, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, the connecting shaft is limited and movably sleeved with a main shaft, the outer wall of the main shaft is provided with a prismatic block, the outer wall of the motor body is sleeved with an adjusting disk, and the adjusting disk is connected with a group of pin shafts extending into the interior of the motor body.

[0016] Preferably, the latch shaft and the main shaft cooperate with each other, a second column cavity cooperating with the adjustment disk is provided inside the motor body, and a first column cavity cooperating with the prismatic block is provided inside the rotating shaft.

[0017] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. When the speed of the motor body increases, the centrifugal force on the sealing piston block and the counterweight block changes through the change in the speed of the shaft, and the pressure change inside the sealing chamber is controlled, so that the gap between the magnet and the coil assembly is adjusted by hydraulic pressure. Not only does it not require additional energy, but it also achieves energy-saving effects. In addition, it can automatically perform weak magnetic control according to the real-time speed, effectively ensuring the stability and safety of the motor body operation. At the same time, it can control the start and stop of the adjustment ring according to the change in the pressure inside the sealing chamber, and change the amount of gas entering and leaving the motor body, so as to achieve adaptive adjustment of the intake and exhaust volume according to the shaft speed, ensuring the stable operation of the motor while improving the cooling effect of the motor body at high speed.

[0019] 2. The device has various adjustment modes. The initial magnetic spacing can be adjusted by adjusting the handle 1, and the magnetic spacing can be adjusted automatically and adaptively at high speeds, which can reduce the instantaneous resistance of the motor body when it starts under high load and improve the smoothness of the device startup; by adjusting the internal pressure of the sealing chamber by adjusting the handle 1, and then adjusting the maximum displacement distance of the sealing piston block by adjusting the handle 2, the initial magnetic spacing can be adjusted to improve the starting smoothness, and at the same time, the upper limit of the dynamic adjustment of the magnetic spacing can be set to save energy. In the process of high-precision production and processing, the stability of the motor body operation can be improved, the spacing fluctuation can be reduced, and the consistency of the production and processing products can be improved, thereby improving the overall processing quality of the product; by adjusting the prismatic sleeve to tighten the sealing piston block, static fixed adjustment can be achieved by further adjusting the adjustment handle 1, and the magnetic spacing can be adjusted and kept fixed according to actual needs, so that the motor body can better adapt to different working adjustments and load changes, and the magnetic spacing can be accurately adjusted and fixed according to production parameters to achieve efficient production and operation in the process of precision production and processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a front schematic diagram of a motor body provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the back side of the motor body provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal disassembly of a motor body provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of a motor body provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the rotating shaft provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of a centrifugal valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the manual adjustment component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of disassembling a fixed sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 9 It is an overall schematic diagram of a card block provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 It is an overall schematic diagram of the card block 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the adjustment ring provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.12 It is an overall schematic diagram of the hub motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the internal gas path of the airtight disk provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the cam shaft provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the internal transmission of the rotating shaft provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Legend:

[0037] 100, motor body; 101, exhaust hole group; 102, air inlet hole group; 103, permanent magnet rotor; 104, magnet; 105, stator disk; 106, coil assembly; 107, rotating shaft; 108, blade group; 109, output shaft; 200, center disk; 201, sealing chamber; 202, piston shaft; 203, return spring; 204, sealing piston block; 205, counterweight; 206, prismatic sleeve; 207, connecting rope; 208, threaded shaft; 209, adjusting sleeve; 300, adjusting handle 1; 301, adjusting handle 2; 302, adjusting chamber; 303, threaded sleeve; 304, adjusting piston; 305, movable rod; 306, first adjusting shaft; 307, second adjusting shaft; 308, clamping block 1; 30 9. Gear 1; 310. Gear 2; 311. Observation port; 312. Fixed sleeve; 313. Block 2; 400. Adjustment ring; 401. Adjustment mesh plate; 402. Connecting cavity; 404. Connecting pipeline; 405. Centrifugal valve; 406. Valve block; 407. Buffer hole; 408. Connecting groove; 409. Arc spring; 500. Airtight disk; 501. Airtight shaft; 502. Airtight groove; 503. Cylinder; 504. Airtight passage; 600. Cam; 601. Adjustment gear; 602. Two-way threaded column; 603. Center gear; 604. Driving gear; 605. Main shaft; 606. Prismatic block; 607. Connecting shaft; 608. Latch shaft; 609. Adjustment disk; 610. Column cavity 1; 611. Column cavity 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] Reference Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a mechanical weak magnetic speed regulation permanent magnet motor, comprising a motor body 100, wherein both sides of the motor body 100 are respectively provided with an exhaust hole group 101 and an air inlet hole group 102, wherein the motor body 100 is internally rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 107, wherein the inner side wall of the motor body 100 is symmetrically provided with a stator disk 105, wherein the surface of the rotating shaft 107 is slidably connected with two groups of symmetrically designed permanent magnet rotors 103 through a slide rail, wherein a side of the stator disk 105 close to the permanent magnet rotor 103 is provided with a plurality of groups of coil assemblies 106 along a ring shape, wherein the permanent magnet rotor A plurality of groups of magnets 104 designed corresponding to the coil assembly 106 are arranged on one side of the sub-body 103 close to the coil assembly 106, an output shaft 109 extending to the outside of the motor body 100 is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft 107, a blade group 108 is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 107, and an air gap adjustment mechanism is also arranged inside the motor body 100 to adjust the air gap between the magnet 104 and the coil assembly 106, change the main magnetic flux and inductance value, reduce the generation of back electromotive force during high-speed operation, and improve the controllability and stability of the motor body 100 during operation.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 The air gap adjustment mechanism includes a center disk 200 arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 107, a sealed chamber 201 is opened inside the center disk 200, and the sealed chamber 201 is filled with hydraulic oil, a piston shaft 202 is sleeved on the sealed chamber 201, and the piston shaft 202 is connected to the permanent magnet rotor 103, and a return spring 203 is arranged between the permanent magnet rotor 103 and the center disk 200, and a sealing piston block 204 is also sleeved inside the center disk 200, and the sealing piston block 204 is communicated with the sealing chamber 201, and the end of the sealing piston block 204 away from the sealing chamber 201 is also connected to a counterweight block 205 through a spring, and a heat dissipation component and a manual adjustment component are also arranged inside the motor body 100.

[0042] Reference Figure 4-11The heat dissipation component includes a connecting cavity 402 opened inside the motor body 100, a connecting pipe 404 is opened inside the rotating shaft 107, the connecting pipe 404 connects the sealing cavity 201 with the connecting cavity 402, and a centrifugal valve 405 is arranged inside the connecting pipe 404, a valve block 406 is connected inside the centrifugal valve 405 through a spring sleeve, a buffer hole 407 is opened between the inside of the centrifugal valve 405 and the connecting pipe 404, an adjusting ring 400 is movably sleeved inside the motor body 100, an arc spring 409 is arranged between the adjusting ring 400 and the motor body 100, a connecting groove 408 connecting the adjusting ring 400 and the connecting cavity 402 is also opened inside the motor body 100, and an adjusting mesh plate 401 is arranged on the side wall of the adjusting ring 400, and the adjusting mesh plate 401 cooperates with the air inlet hole group 102.

[0043] It should be noted that, through the design of the buffer hole 407 and the valve block 406, when the speed is low, the distance moved by the valve block 406 under the action of centrifugal force will not cause the internal flow grooves of the valve block 406 and the centrifugal valve 405 to overlap, and only when the shaft 107 reaches a high speed will it flow and trigger the start of the adjustment ring 400. In addition, through the design of the buffer hole 407 with a smaller diameter, when the valve block 406 moves upward due to the centrifugal force, the valve block 406 needs to continue to slowly extract hydraulic oil through the buffer hole 407 to fill the vacancy at the bottom of the valve block 406 when it moves upward. Similarly, when the shaft 107 is at a high speed, the hydraulic oil will not flow into the valve block 406. When the speed is reduced rapidly, during the resetting process of the valve block 406, the hydraulic oil between the valve block 406 and the motor body 100 needs to be slowly discharged through the buffer hole 407 when the valve block 406 is reset, so that there is a certain buffer zone when the valve block 406 responds to the change in the speed of the rotating shaft 107. When the rotating shaft 107 is reduced in speed, the internal pressure of the sealing chamber 201 is first affected by the change, and the internal pressures of the sealing chamber 201 and the connecting chamber 402 are restored, so that the adjusting ring 400 is reset under the elastic force of the arc spring 409, and then the valve block 406 will slowly reset to block the connection between the connecting chamber 402 and the sealing chamber 201.

[0044] Reference Figure 3-10 The motor body 100 is also provided with a manual adjustment component inside, which is used to manually adjust and change the internal pressure of the motor body 100 before the motor body 100 is operated to control the initial spacing between the magnet 104 and the coil assembly 106 .

[0045] Reference Figure 7-8The manual adjustment component includes an adjustment handle 300 arranged at the end of the motor body 100, the internal thread of the adjustment handle 300 is connected with a threaded sleeve 303, an adjustment piston 304 is arranged at the end of the threaded sleeve 303 away from the adjustment handle 300, the adjustment piston 304 is sealed and movably connected with the motor body 100, an adjustment chamber 302 is opened inside the motor body 100, and a pipeline connecting the adjustment chamber 302 and the sealing chamber 201 is opened inside the rotating shaft 107, and a limit position component is also arranged inside the adjustment handle 300.

[0046] Reference Figure 4-8 The adjusting handle 1 300 is also provided with a limit assembly inside, and the limit assembly includes an adjusting handle 2 301 movably sleeved inside the adjusting handle 1 300, a spring is provided between the adjusting handle 2 301 and the adjusting handle 1 300, and a fixed sleeve 312 is provided at one end of the adjusting handle 2 301 facing the rotating shaft 107, and the fixed sleeve 312 is movably sleeved with the adjusting piston 304, and a movable rod 305 is sleeved inside the fixed sleeve 312, and the movable rod 305 is located at the adjusting handle 2 301 A first adjusting shaft 306 is provided at one end of the interior, a second adjusting shaft 307 is provided at the end of the movable rod 305 away from the adjusting handle 2 301, a prismatic sleeve 206 is connected to the internal limiting movable sleeve of the rotating shaft 107, a connecting rope 207 is connected between the prismatic sleeve 206 and the sealing piston block 204, a group of threaded shafts 208 threadedly connected to the prismatic sleeve 206 are also rotatably connected inside the rotating shaft 107, and an adjusting sleeve 209 is provided at one end of the threaded shaft 208 close to the clamping block 1 308.

[0047] It should be noted that a spring for resetting is also provided between the first adjustment shaft 306 and the inside of the second adjustment handle 301 .

[0048] Reference Figure 7-10 A second block 313 is provided inside the second adjusting handle 301 close to the end of the movable rod 305, and a chamfer is provided on the side of the second block 313 away from the movable rod 305, a slide groove 1 matching with the second block 313 is provided on the inner side of the second adjusting handle 301, a spring group is provided between the second block 313 and the second adjusting handle 301, and a fixed sleeve 312 is provided with a second adjusting shaft 307 at one end thereof, and a plurality of groups of blocks 1 308 are sleeved thereon, and a chamfer is provided on the side of the block 1 308 away from the fixed sleeve 312, and a slide groove 2 matching with the block 1 308 is provided on the inner side wall of the adjusting sleeve 209, and a spring group is also provided between the block 1 308 and the fixed sleeve 312.

[0049] It should be noted that, through the chamfered angle design, the first adjustment shaft 306 or the second adjustment shaft 307 can be pushed when passing by.

[0050] Reference Figure 7-8The interior of the adjusting handle 300 is rotatably connected to a gear 1 309, and the interior of the adjusting handle 300 is also rotatably connected to a gear 2 310. The number of teeth of the gear 1 309 is less than the number of teeth of the gear 2 310. A gear for transmission is arranged between the gear 1 309 and the gear 2 310. The center of the gear 1 309 is designed as a hexagonal prism groove, and the side wall of the fixing sleeve 312 is designed as a hexagonal prism corresponding to the center of the gear 1 309. The side wall of the gear 2 310 is provided with a scale, and the surface of the adjusting handle 1 300 is provided with an observation port 311 for observing the scale of the side wall of the gear 2 310.

[0051] It should be noted that, through the reduction transmission of gear 1 309 and gear 2 310 , when gear 1 309 rotates multiple times, gear 2 310 rotates fewer times, thereby avoiding confusion of adjustment parameters due to multiple rotations.

[0052] The working process of a mechanical weak magnetic speed regulating permanent magnet motor is as follows:

[0053] When automatic adjustment is adopted, during the operation of the motor body 100, the electromagnetic force generated by the energization of the coil assembly 106 drives the magnet 104 and the permanent magnet rotor 103 to rotate, further drives the rotating shaft 107 to rotate, and further drives the output shaft 109 to output power through the rotating shaft 107. When the output shaft 109 is controlled by the controller to increase the speed, the centrifugal force on the sealing piston block 204 and the counterweight block 205 increases, so that the sealing piston block 204 and the counterweight block 205 move in the direction away from the rotating shaft 107 under the action of the centrifugal force, and the hydraulic oil in the sealing chamber 201 is drawn out from the inside of the sealing chamber 201, so that the pressure in the sealing chamber 201 decreases, and further the sealing chamber 201 sucks the return spring 203 into the inside of the sealing chamber 201 under the action of the negative pressure, so that the permanent magnet rotors 10 on both sides are At the same time, the magnet 104 moves toward the center disk 200, the return spring 203 is compressed, and the gap between the magnet 104 and the coil assembly 106 becomes larger. Moreover, the faster the rotation speed of the shaft 107 is, the greater the centrifugal force on the sealing piston block 204 and the counterweight block 205 is, and the longer the distance moved away from the shaft 107 is, the more hydraulic oil in the sealing chamber 201 is extracted, and the lower the pressure in the sealing chamber 201 is, so that the return spring 203 pulls the permanent magnet rotors 103 on both sides toward the center disk 200. Therefore, the gap between the magnet 104 and the coil assembly 106 is automatically adjusted according to the rotation speed of the shaft 107, which not only does not require additional energy and achieves energy saving, but also can perform automatic weak magnetic control according to the real-time rotation speed, effectively ensuring the stability and safety of the operation of the motor body 100.

[0054] When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 107 increases, the temperature inside the corresponding motor body 100 will also increase. At this time, the sealing cavity 201 and the sealing piston block 204 extract the hydraulic oil inside the sealing cavity 201 under the action of centrifugal force so that the inside of the sealing cavity 201 maintains a negative pressure. At the same time, Figure 6 Under the action of centrifugal force, the valve block 406 overcomes the spring force and moves until the internal flow groove of the valve block 406 coincides with the internal flow groove of the centrifugal valve 405, so that the hydraulic oil in the connecting chamber 402 can be connected with the sealing chamber 201 through the connecting pipe 404 and the valve block 406. As the pressure in the sealing chamber 201 decreases, the hydraulic oil in the connecting chamber 402 also flows toward the inside of the sealing chamber 201, so that the pressure in the connecting chamber 402 also decreases. Fig.11 In the initial state, the adjustment ring 400 and the motor body 100 are kept in balance by the arc spring 409. When the internal pressure of the connecting cavity 402 is reduced, the negative pressure can be applied to the adjustment ring 400 through the connecting groove 408, so that the adjustment ring 400 rotates counterclockwise as shown in the figure, and the arc spring 409 is stretched. As the adjustment ring 400 rotates, the adjustment mesh plate 401 also rotates. It should be noted that the through holes on the surface of the adjustment mesh plate 401 correspond to the through holes on the surface of the air inlet hole group 102. In the initial state, the through holes on the surface of the adjustment mesh plate 401 and the through holes on the surface of the air inlet hole group 102 have a low overlap. The gas can only flow into the motor body 100 from the overlapping area of ​​the through holes of the adjustment mesh plate 401 and the air inlet hole group 102. The gas inflow can be controlled at a low speed, which not only reduces the contact with the air, but also reduces the contact with the air. The regulating ring 400 drives the regulating mesh plate 401 to rotate, so that the overlapping area of ​​the through holes on the surface of the regulating mesh plate 401 and the through holes on the surface of the air inlet hole group 102 increases. At this time, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the gas entering the motor body 100 through the regulating mesh plate 401 and the air inlet hole group 102 increases, thereby increasing the flow rate of the gas entering the motor body 100, improving the air intake and cooling effect of the motor body 100 at high speed, and realizing adaptive adjustment of the intake and exhaust volume according to the rotation speed of the shaft 107, ensuring the stable operation of the motor while improving the cooling effect at high speed.

[0055] It should be noted that the adjustment ring 400, the adjustment mesh plate 401, the connecting cavity 402, the arc spring 409 and the connecting groove 408 are designed to be symmetrical with the air inlet group 102 in the corresponding area of ​​the exhaust hole group 101 to ensure the consistency of the intake and exhaust volumes.

[0056] It should be noted that a spring group is arranged between the sealing cavity 201 and the counterweight block 205, which can provide a certain buffering effect when the counterweight block 205 is affected by centrifugal force, thereby reducing the impact on the internal pressure of the sealing cavity 201 at low speeds and not interfering with the low-speed operation of the motor body 100.

[0057] In special cases, when the motor body 100 is used for starting a large equipment load or starting a system with a high requirement for starting stability, by turning the adjusting handle 300, when the adjusting handle 300 is turned, the adjusting piston 304 can be driven to move through the threaded connection with the threaded sleeve 303, so that it moves in a direction away from the rotating shaft 107 to extract the hydraulic oil in the adjusting chamber 302, so that the pressure inside the adjusting chamber 302 and the sealing chamber 201 is reduced. Under the action of the pressure reduction, the permanent magnet rotors 103 on both sides move toward the center disk 200 through the movement of the reset spring 203, thereby improving the initial start-up of the motor body 100. 4 and the coil assembly 106. By increasing the initial distance between the magnet 104 and the coil assembly 106, the resistance of the motor body 100 at the start-up moment can be reduced during high-load starting. Although the torque is reduced, the motor body 100 can start to rotate relatively smoothly. As the rotation proceeds, the initial excessive load impact that causes the start-up failure is reduced. At the same time, during subsequent operation, by adjusting other parameters, such as gradually increasing the current, part of the torque loss can be compensated, thereby achieving a relatively smooth start-up. At the same time, through reasonable control and design, the gap can be gradually adjusted in the subsequent process or other measures can be taken to increase the torque to meet the load requirements.

[0058] Before starting the motor body 100, the adjusting handle 2 301 is pressed into the adjusting handle 1 300. At this time, the adjusting handle 2 301 pushes the fixed sleeve 312 to slide inside the threaded sleeve 303 and the adjusting piston 304 until the fixed sleeve 312 drives the second adjusting shaft 307 to contact the gear 1 309. The adjusting handle 2 301 is pushed to the deepest point. At this time, the second adjusting shaft 307 moves toward the inside of the fixed sleeve 312, and the block 1 308 is pushed out to engage with the internal slot of the adjusting sleeve 209. The movement of the second adjusting shaft 307 and the movable rod 305 will also drive the first adjusting shaft 306 to move synchronously. The second clamping block 313 is moved away from the tightness against the second clamping block 313, so that the second clamping block 313 is reset and disengaged from the clamping connection with the first adjustment handle 300 under the action of the spring force of the second adjustment handle 301. At this time, the outer wall of the fixed sleeve 312 is the part of the prismatic axis that is engaged with the gear 1 309. At this time, the second adjustment handle 301 can rotate freely inside the first adjustment handle 300, and the fixed sleeve 312 is engaged with the adjustment sleeve 209 through the clamping block 1 308, fixing the first adjustment handle 300 and the output shaft 109, and rotating the second adjustment handle 301, the second adjustment handle 301 is driven by the fixed sleeve 312 and the clamping block 1 308 The adjusting sleeve 209 rotates, and the adjusting sleeve 209 rotates to drive the threaded shaft 208 to rotate, and then the threaded connection between the threaded shaft 208 and the prismatic sleeve 206 drives the prismatic sleeve 206 to move inside the rotating shaft 107, and the connecting rope 207 is tightened. When the fixed sleeve 312 drives the gear 1 309 to rotate, the transmission gear arranged between the gear 1 309 and the gear 2 310 can drive the gear 2 310 to rotate at a reduced speed. Through parameter design, the distance that the fixed sleeve 312 drives the prismatic sleeve 206 to move can be displayed by the scale on the surface of the gear 2 310, and can be displayed by The observation port 311 is used for observation to realize precise control of the moving distance of the prismatic sleeve 206. Since the two ends of the connecting rope 207 are respectively connected to the sealing piston block 204 and the prismatic sleeve 206, the length of the connecting rope 207 is constant. By controlling the moving distance of the prismatic sleeve 206 and the connection limit of the connecting rope 207 to the sealing piston block 204, the maximum moving distance of the sealing chamber 201 in the direction away from the rotating shaft 107 under the action of centrifugal force can be controlled, and the maximum moving distance of the reset spring 203 and the permanent magnet rotor 103 toward the center disk 200 can be further controlled so as not to exceed the limit.

[0059] Furthermore, multiple adjustment methods can be set:

[0060] Mode 1: The internal pressure of the sealing chamber 201 is adjusted by adjusting handle 1 300, thereby adjusting the initial spacing between the magnet 104 and the stator disk 105, and then the maximum displacement distance of the sealing piston block 204 is adjusted by adjusting handle 2 301, thereby adjusting the maximum spacing distance that the magnet 104 and the stator disk 105 may reach in dynamic changes. By adjusting the initial magnetic spacing, the starting stability can be improved, and at the same time, the upper limit of the dynamic adjustment of the magnetic spacing can be set. In the process of high-precision production and processing, it can not only ensure the starting stability, realize dynamic adjustment, and save energy, but also set the upper limit of dynamic adjustment, improve the stability of the operation of the motor body 100, reduce spacing fluctuations, and improve the consistency of production and processing products, thereby improving the overall processing quality of the product.

[0061] Mode 2: Use the adjusting handle 2 301 to adjust the prismatic sleeve 206 to the side close to the adjusting handle 1 300 until the connecting rope 207 is tightened. At this time, the sealing piston block 204 remains stationary, and the centrifugal force will no longer affect the pressure change inside the sealing chamber 201. The pressure change inside the adjusting chamber 302 and the sealing chamber 201 is further adjusted by adjusting the adjusting handle 1 300 to adjust the position of the permanent magnet rotor 103 so that the position of the magnet 104 and the stator disk 105 remain stationary, thereby achieving static fixed adjustment. The magnetic spacing can be adjusted and kept fixed according to actual needs, so that the motor body 100 can better adapt to different working adjustments and load changes, and the magnetic spacing can be accurately adjusted and fixed according to production parameters to achieve efficient production and operation in the precision production and processing process.

[0062] It should be noted that when the adjustment is completed and the static state is restored, due to the engagement of the block 2 313 with the adjustment handle 1 300, the adjustment handle 2 301 cannot rotate and remains relatively still with the adjustment handle 1 300, and the parameters displayed by the gear 2 310 at the observation port 311 also remain fixed. When the adjustment is continued in the future, the block 2 313 can be disengaged by pressing the adjustment handle 2 301, and the adjustment can be continued based on the data of the last adjustment to ensure the accuracy of the adjustment. At the same time, if the engagement position of the block 1 308 does not correspond to the adjustment sleeve 209 during adjustment, the output shaft 109 can be slowly rotated from the outside on the basis of pressing the adjustment handle 2 301 until the block 1 308 engages with the adjustment sleeve 209 so that the adjustment can be operated.

[0063] It should be noted that during static adjustment, the working conditions of the motor body 100 are generally determined. At this time, the centrifugal force of the valve block 406 at the highest speed can be calculated based on the maximum speed of the motor body 100 to see whether the valve block 406 can be moved to connect the sealing chamber 201 and the connecting chamber 402. If so, the pressure change inside the connecting chamber 402 is taken into account, and additional variables are added when adjusting the magnetic spacing. If not, there is no need to consider the influence of the adjustment ring 400.

[0064] Embodiment 2:

[0065] The difference from the first embodiment is that:

[0066] Reference Fig.13 The air gap adjustment mechanism includes an airtight disk 500 arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 107, an airtight groove 502 communicating with the interior of the airtight disk 500 is opened inside the rotating shaft 107, an airtight shaft 501 connected to the permanent magnet rotor 103 is sleeved on the airtight groove 502, a spring is arranged between the airtight disk 500 and the permanent magnet rotor 103, a cylinder 503 is arranged outside the motor body 100, and a group of airtight channels 504 are connected to the output end of the cylinder 503, and the airtight channels 504 extend from one end of the cylinder 503 to the interior of the motor body 100, and the gap at the connection between the motor body 100 and the rotating shaft 107 is communicated with the airtight channel 504.

[0067] Here’s how it works:

[0068] The air pressure is output or reduced through the output end of the cylinder 503. Correspondingly, the air pressure inside the airtight groove 502 and the airtight disk 500 can be changed through the airtight channel 504. Through the change of internal pressure, the permanent magnet rotors 103 on both sides are driven to approach or move away from each other through the airtight shaft 501, thereby adjusting the distance between the permanent magnet rotor 103 and the stator disk 105, completing the air gap adjustment, and meeting the weak magnetic control effect of the motor body 100. In addition, the airtight channel 504 and the airtight groove 502 internal pressure can be detected by the cylinder 503, and then the position of the permanent magnet rotor 103 can be judged according to the pressure change, thereby detecting the position of the permanent magnet rotor 103 and the air gap distance, avoiding the error of air gap adjustment caused by leakage, and ensuring the stability of air gap adjustment.

[0069] Embodiment three:

[0070] The difference from the first and second embodiments is that:

[0071] Reference Figure 14-15 The air gap adjustment mechanism includes a convex shaft 600 arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft 107, the convex shaft 600 is rotatably connected with a bidirectional threaded column 602, the bidirectional threaded column 602 is threadedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor 103, the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded column 602 is sleeved with an adjusting gear 601, the interior of the rotating shaft 107 is provided with a central gear 603 meshing with the adjusting gear 601, the interior of the rotating shaft 107 is rotatably connected with a driving gear 604, the driving gear 604 and the central gear 603 are connected through a group of transition gear transmission, the driving gear 604 is connected with a group of connecting shafts 607, the connecting shaft 607 is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft 107, the connecting shaft 607 is limited and movably sleeved with a main shaft 605, the outer wall of the main shaft 605 is provided with a prismatic block 606, the outer wall of the motor body 100 is sleeved with an adjusting disk 609, and the adjusting disk 609 is connected with a group of latch shafts 608 extending to the inside of the motor body 100.

[0072] It should be noted that the latch shaft 608 and the main shaft 605 are matched with each other, a spring is arranged between the adjustment disk 609 and the motor body 100, a column cavity 2 611 which is matched with the adjustment disk 609 is opened inside the motor body 100, a column cavity 1 610 which is matched with the prism block 606 is opened inside the rotating shaft 107, and a spring is arranged between the prism block 606 and the column cavity 1 610.

[0073] Specifically, the prism block 606 and the rotating shaft 107 are limitedly slidably connected, the column cavity 1 610 is a cylindrical cavity larger than the prism block 606, and the prism block 606 can be rotated inside the column cavity 1 610, and the column cavity 2 611 is also a circular cavity larger than the adjusting disk 609, and the column cavity 2 611 can be rotated, and the part of the latch shaft 608 connected to the motor body 100 is cylindrically designed and slidably connected to the motor body 100, and the end extending to the inside of the motor body 100 is a prismatic design that matches the opening at the end of the main shaft 605, and the adjusting disk 609, the latch shaft 608, the prism block 606 and the multiple ends of the main shaft 605 are connected to the motor body 100. The rectangular openings are all designed as regular hexagons and are set at the same angle. When the adjusting disk 609 completes the rotation adjustment inside the column cavity 611 and exits the column cavity 611, it is restored to the limited position connection with the motor body 100 through the spring connected to the adjusting disk 609. At this time, the main shaft 605 also leaves the column cavity 1 610 under the action of the spring between the column cavity 1 610, and leaves the column cavity 1 610 at the same angle as the adjusting disk 609 to restore the limited position connection with the rotating shaft 107, thereby locking the main shaft 605, and then the driving gear 604, the center gear 603 and the adjusting gear 601 can be self-locked to ensure the stability after the air gap is adjusted.

[0074] Here’s how it works:

[0075] When adjusting the air gap spacing, first press the adjustment disk 609 toward the inside of the motor body 100 so that the adjustment disk 609 enters the interval where the column cavity 611 is located. During this process, the adjustment disk 609 first pushes the latch shaft 608 into the main shaft 605 and engages with the main shaft 605, and further pushes the main shaft 605 to move until the adjustment disk 609 completely enters the column cavity 611 and can rotate. At this time, the main shaft 605 also drives the prism block 606 to enter the column cavity 1 610 and can rotate under the push of the latch shaft 608. Then, the adjustment disk 609 is rotated to drive the main shaft 605 through the latch shaft 608. 5 further drives the connecting shaft 607 to rotate, and the connecting shaft 607 drives the driving gear 604 to further drive the central gear 603 to rotate at a reduced speed through the transition gear, thereby achieving more precise adjustment. When the central gear 603 rotates, it can drive the adjusting gear 601 to rotate, and the adjusting gear 601 drives the bidirectional threaded column 602 to rotate. The bidirectional threaded column 602 is designed with opposite threads at both ends. Under the action of thread transmission, it drives the permanent magnet rotor 103 to approach or move away from the adjusting gear 601 at the same time, thereby adjusting the distance between the permanent magnet rotor 103 and the stator disk 105 and completing the air gap adjustment.

[0076] After adjusting the air gap distance, fine-tune it until the adjusting disk 609 can withdraw from the inside of the column cavity 2 611 and return to the motor body 100 to engage with the limit position. At this time, since the prism setting angles of the prism block 606 and the adjusting disk 609 are the same, after the latch shaft 608 is withdrawn, the main shaft 605 can also withdraw from the column cavity 1 610 under the action of elastic force and return to the inside of the rotating shaft 107 to engage with the limit position of the rotating shaft 107, thereby achieving a self-locking effect after the adjustment is completed, avoiding the influence of the adjusted parameters when the rotating shaft 107 rotates, ensuring the stability after adjustment, and thereby improving the stability of the motor body 100 during operation.

[0077] It should be noted that the design of the present invention is aimed at the type of permanent magnet motor. For example, the motor body 100 similar to the main body of the present technical solution is Fig.12 The hub motor shown, in order to meet its driving requirements, although the fixed end and the output end of the hub motor are interchangeably designed with the fixed end and the output end of the motor body 100, its substantial working principle is still the same as that of the present device, and the structure in the present technical solution is designed accordingly, which can still meet the weak magnetic regulation requirements of the motor. Therefore, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical weak magnetic field speed regulating permanent magnet motor, comprising a motor body (100), wherein two sides of the motor body (100) are respectively provided with an exhaust hole group (101) and an intake hole group (102), characterized in that: The motor body (100) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (107) inside, the inner side wall of the motor body (100) is symmetrically provided with a stator disk (105), the surface of the rotating shaft (107 is slidably connected to two groups of symmetrically designed permanent magnet rotors (103) via a slide rail, a side of the stator disk (105) close to the permanent magnet rotor (103) is provided with multiple groups of coil assemblies (106) along a ring shape, a side of the permanent magnet rotor (103) close to the coil assembly (106) is provided with multiple groups of magnets (104) designed corresponding to the coil assembly (106), an end of the rotating shaft (107) is provided with an output shaft (109) extending to the outside of the motor body (100), an outer side wall of the rotating shaft (107) is provided with a blade group (108), and an air gap adjustment mechanism is also provided inside the motor body (100) to adjust the air gap between the magnets (104) and the coil assembly (106); The air gap adjustment mechanism comprises a center disk (200) arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (107); a sealed cavity (201) is provided inside the center disk (200); the sealed cavity (201) is filled with hydraulic oil; a piston shaft (202) is sleeved in the sealed cavity (201); the piston shaft (202) is connected to the permanent magnet rotor (103); a return spring (203) is arranged between the permanent magnet rotor (103) and the center disk (200); a sealed piston block (204) is sleeved inside the center disk (200); the sealed piston block (204) is communicated with the sealed cavity (201); one end of the sealed piston block (204) away from the sealed cavity (201) is connected to a counterweight block (205) via a spring; and a heat dissipation component and a manual adjustment component are also arranged inside the motor body (100).

2. A mechanical weak magnetic field speed regulating permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation component comprises a communication cavity (402) provided inside the motor body (100); a communication pipeline (404) is provided inside the rotating shaft (107); the communication pipeline (404) connects the sealing cavity (201) with the communication cavity (402); a centrifugal valve (405) is provided inside the communication pipeline (404); a valve block (406) is sleeved inside the centrifugal valve (405) via a spring; a buffer hole (407) is provided between the inside of the centrifugal valve (405) and the communication pipeline (404); an adjustment ring (400) is movably sleeved inside the motor body (100); an arc spring (409) is provided between the adjustment ring (400) and the motor body (100); a communication groove (408) is further provided inside the motor body (100); and an adjustment mesh plate (401) is provided on the side wall of the adjustment ring (400).

3. A mechanical weak magnetic field speed regulating permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manual adjustment component comprises an adjustment handle (300) arranged at the end of the motor body (100); the internal thread of the adjustment handle (300) is connected to a threaded sleeve (303); an adjustment piston (304) is arranged at one end of the threaded sleeve (303) away from the adjustment handle (300); an adjustment cavity (302) is provided inside the motor body (100); and a limit position component is also arranged inside the adjustment handle (300).

4. A mechanical weak magnetic field speed regulating permanent magnet motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limit assembly comprises an adjusting handle 2 (301) movably sleeved inside the adjusting handle 1 (300); a fixed sleeve (312) is provided at one end of the adjusting handle 2 (301) facing the rotating shaft (107); the fixed sleeve (312) is movably sleeved with the adjusting piston (304); a movable rod (305) is sleeved inside the fixed sleeve (312); a first adjusting shaft (306) is provided at one end of the movable rod (305) located inside the adjusting handle 2 (301); 5) A second adjustment shaft (307) is provided at one end away from the second adjustment handle (301), a prismatic sleeve (206) is movably sleeved inside the rotating shaft (107) in a limited manner, a connecting rope (207) is connected between the prismatic sleeve (206) and the sealing piston block (204), a group of threaded shafts (208) threadedly connected to the prismatic sleeve (206) are also rotatably connected inside the rotating shaft (107), and an adjustment sleeve (209) is provided at one end of the threaded shaft (208) close to the first clamping block (308).

5. A mechanical weak magnetic field speed regulating permanent magnet motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second clamping block (313) is arranged inside the second adjustment handle (301) close to the end of the movable rod (305), and a chamfer is arranged on the side of the second clamping block (313) away from the movable rod (305). A plurality of groups of first clamping blocks (308) are sleeved on one end of the fixed sleeve (312) provided with a second adjustment shaft (307), and a chamfer is arranged on the side of the first clamping block (308) away from the fixed sleeve (312).

6. A mechanical weak magnetic field speed regulating permanent magnet motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting handle 1 (300) is internally rotatably connected to a gear 1 (309), and the adjusting handle 1 (300) is also internally rotatably connected to a gear 2 (310), the number of teeth of the gear 1 (309) is smaller than the number of teeth of the gear 2 (310), a gear for transmission is arranged between the gear 1 (309) and the gear 2 (310), a scale is arranged on the side wall of the gear 2 (310), and an observation port (311) for observing the scale on the side wall of the gear 2 (310) is opened on the surface of the adjusting handle 1 (300).

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