Man-machine cooperation type potato combine harvester integrating residual film recovery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of potato harvesting, and discloses a man-machine cooperation type potato combine harvester integrating residual film recovery. The digging shovel is rotatably arranged at one end of the rack through a first electric push rod and a cutter loading plate; the conveying and lifting device is obliquely arranged on the rack, and the lower end of the conveying and lifting device is close to the digging shovel; the film rolling mechanism is arranged at the high end of the conveying and lifting device; the film guiding mechanism is arranged on the conveying and lifting device and located between the digging shovel and the film rolling mechanism. The conveying and separating device is arranged on the rack; one end of the conveying and separating device is close to the high end of the conveying and lifting device; the pair of manual sorting platforms are arranged on the machine frame and located on the two sides of the conveying and separating device correspondingly, residual film recycling is completed in the harvesting process, the link of independent residual film recycling after potatoes are harvested is omitted, the potato harvesting cost is reduced, the potato harvesting time is shortened, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of potato harvesting, in particular to a human-machine cooperative potato combine harvester integrated with residual film recovery. Background Art

[0002] Potatoes are an important food crop in my country, especially widely planted in the arid northwest region. Due to the small and scattered plots, large combine harvesters are difficult to fully cover, and the terrain with different slopes limits the operation of machinery and reduces the harvesting efficiency. The existing small machinery has a single function, a low degree of intelligence, unstable operation status, and requires multiple machines to work together. In the southern mountainous areas of Ningxia, potatoes are mainly harvested in a segmented manner. First, a potato digger is used to dig and spread the potatoes on the surface, and then they are picked up manually or by special machinery. Manual picking is labor-intensive and inefficient, and mechanical picking may cause further damage, increasing the complexity of harvesting. In addition, during the potato harvesting process, residual film recovery is usually carried out after harvesting, which increases the difficulty of operation, and the time interval may cause the residual film to be blown away by the wind, causing white pollution.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery, comprising:

[0006] frame;

[0007] An excavating shovel is rotatably arranged at one end of the frame through a first electric push rod and a blade mounting plate;

[0008] A conveying and lifting device is obliquely arranged on the frame, and the lower end of the conveying and lifting device is close to the digging shovel;

[0009] A film rolling mechanism is arranged at the high end of the conveying and lifting device, and is used to collect residual film on potatoes;

[0010] A film guiding mechanism, arranged on the conveying and lifting device, the film guiding mechanism is located between the digging shovel and the film rolling mechanism, and the film guiding mechanism is used to guide the residual film on the potatoes to the film rolling mechanism;

[0011] A conveying and separating device is arranged on the frame, and one end of the conveying and separating device is close to the high end of the conveying and lifting device;

[0012] A pair of manual sorting platforms are arranged on the frame, and the pair of manual sorting platforms are respectively located on both sides of the conveying and separating device.

[0013] Optionally, the conveying and lifting device includes:

[0014] A first mounting frame, arranged on the frame;

[0015] The first conveying body is arranged on the first mounting frame, and a plurality of comb teeth are arranged on the first conveying body.

[0016] Optionally, the conveying and separating device comprises:

[0017] A second mounting frame, which is arranged on the frame through a base, and a diversion mechanism is arranged at one end of the second mounting frame away from the conveying and lifting device;

[0018] A second conveying body is arranged on the second mounting frame;

[0019] A pair of guide plates are arranged on the second mounting frame.

[0020] Optionally, the film rolling mechanism includes:

[0021] A film rolling roller, rotatably disposed on the first mounting frame;

[0022] An electromagnetic clutch is arranged on the first mounting frame, and the electromagnetic clutch is connected to the film winding roller;

[0023] A plurality of film guiding rods are arranged side by side and rotatably on the first mounting frame, and a plurality of film pressing wheels are arranged on the film guiding rods;

[0024] The film blowing device is arranged on the first mounting frame, and the film blowing device is located on a side of the plurality of film guiding rods away from the film winding roller.

[0025] Optionally, the film guiding mechanism includes:

[0026] A plurality of film guiding brushes are arranged side by side and rotatably on the first mounting frame, the film guiding brushes are located above the first conveying body, and the rotation direction of the film guiding brushes is opposite to the conveying direction of the first conveying body.

[0027] Optionally, the diversion mechanism includes:

[0028] A potato outlet, arranged on the second mounting frame;

[0029] A diverter plate is rotatably arranged at the potato outlet through a second electric push rod;

[0030] A pair of debris channels are provided on both sides of the diverter plate;

[0031] A pair of unloading platforms are respectively arranged below the potato outlet through third electric push rods.

[0032] Optionally, the film rolling roller comprises:

[0033] A pair of tapered rollers are symmetrically arranged, the small diameter ends of the pair of tapered rollers are respectively plugged through an inner hexagonal shaft and an outer hexagonal sleeve, the large diameter end of one of the tapered rollers is provided with an outer hexagonal shaft, the outer hexagonal shaft is used to connect with the output shaft of the electromagnetic clutch, and the large diameter end of the other tapered roller is provided with an optical axis, the optical axis and the first mounting frame are rotatably matched through a three-point opening and closing disassembly device;

[0034] A plurality of spike teeth are detachably arranged on a pair of the tapered rollers through a quick-release device.

[0035] Optionally, a vibration device is provided on the conveying and lifting device.

[0036] Optionally, a fixed beam is provided on the frame, a pair of seedling cutting discs is provided on the fixed beam, and the pair of seedling cutting discs are respectively located at both ends of the digging shovel.

[0037] Optionally, a contoured crushing roller is further provided on the fixed beam, and the contoured crushing roller is located on a side of the excavating shovel away from the conveying and lifting device.

[0038] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0039] 1. The frame is connected to the traction device, the traction device drives the frame to move, the digging shovel is used to dig potatoes, and then the conveying and lifting device transfers the potatoes to the conveying and separation device. During the transfer process, the film guiding mechanism guides the residual film on the potatoes to the film rolling mechanism and the residual film is collected by the film rolling mechanism. When the potatoes are transferred to the conveying and separation device, the artificial sorting platform is set to realize the human-machine cooperation to sort and divert the potatoes, and the residual film recovery is completed during the harvesting process, eliminating the link of separately recovering the residual film after potato harvesting, reducing the cost of potato harvesting, reducing the time of potato harvesting, and improving efficiency.

[0040] 2. The present invention significantly simplifies the workflow of potato combine harvesting by integrating the functions of digging, collecting and unloading, debris sorting and residual film recovery during the potato harvesting process, effectively reduces the intensity of manual labor, saves labor costs, and improves work efficiency and timeliness.

[0041] 3. The size of the present invention is much smaller than that of the traditional combine harvester, and it belongs to a miniaturized combine harvester. While being miniaturized, it can not only complete the efficient and low-loss harvesting and automatic unloading of potatoes, but also has the functions of efficient recovery of residual film and rapid unloading of film. The high integration of the whole machine function not only improves the operating efficiency, but also reduces the harvesting cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a partial side view of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the diversion mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the film rolling roller structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the film rolling mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1. contoured crushing roller; 2. seedling cutting disc; 3. film guiding brush; 4. comb teeth; 5. film guiding rod; 6. film pressing wheel; 7. electromagnetic clutch; 8. film winding roller; 9. conveying and separating device; 10. unloading platform; 11. base; 12. manual sorting platform; 13. frame; 14. knife plate; 15. first electric push rod; 16. fixed beam; 17. connecting piece; 18. third electric push rod; 19. vibration device; 20. three-point opening and closing disassembly device; 21. debris channel; 22. potato outlet; 23. diverter plate; 24. second electric push rod; 25. external hexagonal shaft; 26. conical roller; 27. spike teeth; 28. external hexagonal sleeve; 29. ​​internal hexagonal shaft; 30. optical axis; 31. quick release device; 32. film blowing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention provides a human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery, comprising:

[0052] Frame 13;

[0053] The excavating shovel is rotatably arranged at one end of the frame 13 through the first electric push rod 15 and the blade mounting plate 14;

[0054] The conveying and lifting device is obliquely arranged on the frame 13, and the lower end of the conveying and lifting device is close to the digging shovel;

[0055] The film rolling mechanism is arranged at the high end of the conveying and lifting device, and is used to collect the residual film on the potatoes;

[0056] The film guiding mechanism is arranged on the conveying and lifting device, and is located between the digging shovel and the film rolling mechanism. The film guiding mechanism is used to guide the residual film on the potatoes to the film rolling mechanism.

[0057] The conveying and separating device 9 is arranged on the frame 13, and one end of the conveying and separating device 9 is close to the high end of the conveying and lifting device;

[0058] A pair of manual sorting platforms 12 are disposed on the frame 13 , and the pair of manual sorting platforms 12 are respectively located on both sides of the conveying and separating device 9 .

[0059] By connecting the frame 13 with the traction device, the traction device drives the frame 13 to move, the digging shovel performs the potato digging operation, and then the conveying and lifting device transfers the potatoes toward the conveying and separating device 9. During the transfer process, the film guiding mechanism guides the residual film on the potatoes to the film rolling mechanism and the residual film is collected by the film rolling mechanism. When the potatoes are transferred to the conveying and separating device 9, the artificial sorting platform 12 is set to realize the human-machine cooperation to sort and divert the potatoes, realize the residual film recovery during the harvesting process, eliminate the link of separately recovering the residual film after the potato harvest, reduce the cost of potato harvesting, reduce the time of potato harvesting, and improve efficiency.

[0060] Furthermore, the conveying and lifting device is inclined at a large angle, preferably 60°-65°, which shortens the length, forms large-angle short-distance transportation, reduces the length of the whole machine, and improves the flexibility of the whole machine during operation and the adaptability to complex terrain.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, the conveying and lifting device comprises:

[0062] A first mounting frame is arranged on the frame 13;

[0063] The first conveying body is arranged on the first mounting frame, and a plurality of comb teeth 4 are arranged on the first conveying body.

[0064] By arranging the comb teeth 4 on the first conveying body, and the comb teeth 4 are in an L-shaped structure, an effective conveying effect of potatoes can be provided.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, the conveying and separating device 9 comprises:

[0066] A second mounting frame is arranged on the frame 13 through a base 11, and a diversion mechanism is arranged at one end of the second mounting frame away from the conveying and lifting device;

[0067] A second conveying body is arranged on a second mounting frame;

[0068] A pair of guide plates are arranged on the second mounting frame.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present invention, the film rolling mechanism comprises:

[0070] The film rolling roller 8 is rotatably arranged on the first mounting frame;

[0071] The electromagnetic clutch 7 is arranged on the first mounting frame, and the electromagnetic clutch 7 is connected to the film winding roller 8;

[0072] A plurality of film guiding rods 5 are arranged side by side and rotatably on the first mounting frame, and a plurality of film pressing wheels 6 are arranged on the film guiding rods 5;

[0073] The film blowing device 32 is disposed on the first mounting frame, and is located on a side of the plurality of film guiding rods 5 away from the film winding roller 8 .

[0074] The residual film transported up is recovered through the cooperation of the mold-leading rod 5, the film-pressing wheel 6, the film-winding roller 8 and the film-blowing device 32. An electromagnetic clutch 7 is arranged on one side of the film-winding roller 8, and the switch is arranged on one side of the manual sorting platform 12, so that the rear personnel can disconnect the electromagnetic clutch 7 in time, thereby cutting off the power of the film-winding roller 8 and providing safety for the operators.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present invention, the film guiding mechanism comprises:

[0076] A plurality of film guiding brushes 3 are rotatably arranged side by side on the first mounting frame. The film guiding brushes 3 are located above the first conveying body. The rotation direction of the film guiding brushes 3 is opposite to the conveying direction of the first conveying body.

[0077] The film guide brush 3 is provided to assist the upward transportation of potatoes and ensure that the residual film is transported upward along the conveying and lifting device.

[0078] The film guiding brush 3 transports the residual film to the film guiding rod 5, and the film guiding rod 5 and the film pressing wheel 6 cooperate with each other to separate the residual film from the comb teeth 4 and the first conveying body, and lift it upward and forward. At the same time, the film blowing device 32 of the film guiding rod 5 generates airflow, and the airflow also provides an upward lift to the residual film. When the residual film reaches the tail of the film guiding rod 5, it will be rolled up by the nail teeth 27 on the film rolling roller 8, completing the recovery of the residual film.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diversion mechanism comprises:

[0080] A potato outlet 22 is provided on the second mounting frame;

[0081] The splitter plate 23 is rotatably disposed at the potato outlet 22 through a second electric push rod 24;

[0082] A pair of debris channels 21 are provided on both sides of the diverter plate 23;

[0083] A pair of unloading platforms 10 are respectively disposed below the potato outlet 22 through third electric push rods 18 .

[0084] The potatoes enter the unloading frames of the left and right unloading platforms 10 respectively through the diverter plate 23 of the potato outlet 22. The unloading platform 10 is provided with a pressure sensing module. When the pressure reaches a preset value, the material will be automatically unloaded. At the same time, the diverter plate 23 is pushed to the left and right by the second electric push rod 24. The remaining soil and straw fall into the field behind the harvester through the debris channel 21, which improves the convenience of potato unloading and subsequent loading, reduces the labor intensity of manual unloading, and also ensures the continuity of the operation and improves work efficiency.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present invention, the film roll 8 comprises:

[0086] A pair of tapered rollers 26 are symmetrically arranged, and the small diameter ends of the pair of tapered rollers 26 are respectively plugged through an inner hexagonal shaft 29 and an outer hexagonal sleeve 28, and the large diameter end of one of the tapered rollers 26 is provided with an outer hexagonal shaft 25, and the outer hexagonal shaft 25 is used to connect with the output shaft of the electromagnetic clutch 7, and the large diameter end of the other tapered roller 26 is provided with an optical axis 30, and the optical axis 30 is rotatably matched with the first mounting frame through a three-point openable and detachable device 20;

[0087] The plurality of spikes 27 are detachably mounted on the pair of tapered rollers 26 via a quick-release device 31 .

[0088] The film rolling roller 8 is composed of two left-right symmetrical tapered rollers 26 and quickly detachable spike teeth 27. The left and right tapered rollers 26 can be connected together by the middle inner hexagonal shaft 29 and the outer hexagonal sleeve 28. The entire film rolling roller 8 can also be removed as a whole to unload the film on the ground. The end of the left tapered roller 26 is connected to the electromagnetic clutch 7 through the outer hexagonal shaft 25, and the right tapered roller 26 is rotated and matched with the three-point openable and closable disassembly device on the first mounting frame on the right side through the optical axis 30 to achieve a quick disassembly effect. Multiple such devices can be prepared during harvesting to ensure the continuity of the operation, while reducing the difficulty of unloading the film and greatly improving the efficiency of the operation.

[0089] In one embodiment of the present invention, a vibration device 19 is provided on the conveying and lifting device.

[0090] The vibration device 19 is a cam oscillator with high frequency and low amplitude vibration. Based on the chaotic vibration theory, its design is optimized through precise theoretical analysis. A cam with a specific geometric shape is designed to achieve the required vibration characteristics and enhance the nonlinear characteristics of the vibration device, which can effectively improve the separation degree of the potato-soil mixture.

[0091] In one embodiment of the present invention, a fixed beam 16 is disposed on the frame 13, and a pair of seedling cutting discs 2 are disposed on the fixed beam 16. The pair of seedling cutting discs 2 are respectively located at two ends of the digging shovel.

[0092] In one embodiment of the present invention, a contoured crushing roller 1 is further provided on the fixed beam 16, and the contoured crushing roller 1 is located on a side of the excavating shovel away from the conveying and lifting device.

[0093] Furthermore, angle sensors are provided at the traction structure of the digging shovel and the frame 13. The angle sensors measure the inclination angles of the traction structure and the digging shovel to comprehensively determine the depth of the digging shovel into the soil. The data is fed back to the detection system in real time to dynamically adjust the depth of the digging shovel into the soil through the hydraulic rod, thereby improving the quality of potatoes during potato harvesting, greatly reducing the resistance during travel, and improving the efficiency of harvesting.

[0094] Furthermore, depth cameras are provided at different points inside the conveying and lifting device to detect the degree of potato and offal separation in each part of the conveyor belt through the cameras. The vibration device 19 can adjust the rotation speed according to the detected data to achieve the best potato and offal analysis effect, thereby improving the degree of potato and offal separation, reducing the intensity of manual labor, and providing convenience for the subsequent work of potato harvesting.

[0095] Furthermore, it also includes an online monitoring system, which is mainly used to grasp the relevant parameters of key parts of the machinery when operating in the field in real time. The online monitoring system includes speed sensors on each connecting shaft of the harvester, temperature sensors on each bearing seat, depth cameras on the conveying and lifting device, angle sensors on the digging shovel, etc. The tractor driver can grasp the parameter information and early warning information of the operating machinery in real time through the human-computer interaction interface, which is convenient for the driver to make timely adjustments and reduce the driving burden, reduce the probability of failure of the harvester during operation, improve work efficiency, and shorten the harvesting cycle.

[0096] Furthermore, the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame are connected via a connecting member 17, thereby improving the stability between the conveying and lifting device and the conveying and separating device.

[0097] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0098] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery, characterized in that: include: Rack (13); An excavating shovel is rotatably arranged at one end of the frame (13) via a first electric push rod (15) and a blade mounting plate (14); A conveying and lifting device is obliquely arranged on the frame (13), and the lower end of the conveying and lifting device is close to the digging shovel; A film rolling mechanism is arranged at the high end of the conveying and lifting device, and is used to collect residual film on potatoes; A film guiding mechanism, arranged on the conveying and lifting device, the film guiding mechanism is located between the digging shovel and the film rolling mechanism, and the film guiding mechanism is used to guide the residual film on the potatoes to the film rolling mechanism; A conveying and separating device (9) is arranged on the frame (13), and one end of the conveying and separating device (9) is close to the high end of the conveying and lifting device; A pair of manual sorting platforms (12) are arranged on the frame (13), and the pair of manual sorting platforms (12) are respectively located on both sides of the conveying and separating device (9).

2. The human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conveying and lifting device comprises: A first mounting frame, arranged on the frame (13); The first conveying body is arranged on the first mounting frame, and a plurality of comb teeth (4) are arranged on the first conveying body.

3. The human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conveying and separating device (9) comprises: A second mounting frame is arranged on the frame (13) via a base (11), and a diversion mechanism is arranged at one end of the second mounting frame away from the conveying and lifting device; A second conveying body is arranged on the second mounting frame; A pair of guide plates are arranged on the second mounting frame.

4. The human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The film rolling mechanism comprises: A film rolling roller (8) rotatably arranged on the first mounting frame; An electromagnetic clutch (7) is arranged on the first mounting frame, and the electromagnetic clutch (7) is connected to the film rolling roller (8); A plurality of film guiding rods (5) are arranged side by side and rotatably on the first mounting frame, and a plurality of film pressing wheels (6) are arranged on the film guiding rods (5); A film blowing device (32) is arranged on the first mounting frame, and the film blowing device (32) is located on a side of the plurality of film guiding rods (5) away from the film winding roller (8).

5. The human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The film guiding mechanism comprises: A plurality of film guiding brushes (3) are arranged side by side and rotatably on the first mounting frame, the film guiding brushes (3) are located above the first conveying body, and the rotation direction of the film guiding brushes (3) is opposite to the conveying direction of the first conveying body.

6. The human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diversion mechanism comprises: A potato outlet (22) is arranged on the second mounting frame; A splitter plate (23) is rotatably arranged at the potato outlet (22) via a second electric push rod (24); A pair of debris channels (21) are arranged on both sides of the diverter plate (23); A pair of unloading platforms (10) are respectively arranged below the potato outlet (22) through third electric push rods (18).

7. The human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The film rolling roller (8) comprises: A pair of tapered rollers (26) are symmetrically arranged, the small diameter ends of the pair of tapered rollers (26) are respectively plugged through an inner hexagonal shaft (29) and an outer hexagonal sleeve (28), the large diameter end of one of the tapered rollers (26) is provided with an outer hexagonal shaft (25), the outer hexagonal shaft (25) is used to be connected to the output shaft of the electromagnetic clutch (7), and the large diameter end of the other tapered roller (26) is provided with an optical axis (30), the optical axis (30) and the first mounting frame are rotationally matched through a three-point openable and detachable device (20); A plurality of spike teeth (27) are detachably arranged on a pair of tapered rollers (26) via a quick-release device (31).

8. The human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying and lifting device is provided with a vibration device (19).

9. The human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed beam (16) is arranged on the frame (13), and a pair of seedling cutting discs (2) are arranged on the fixed beam (16), wherein the pair of seedling cutting discs (2) are respectively located at two ends of the digging shovel.

10. The human-machine collaborative potato combine harvester with integrated residual film recovery according to claim 9, characterized in that: A contoured crushing roller (1) is also provided on the fixed beam (16), and the contoured crushing roller (1) is located on a side of the excavating shovel away from the conveying and lifting device.

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