Teaching experiment equipment for extracting dendrobium officinale polysaccharide

Abstract

The invention discloses teaching experiment equipment for extracting dendrobium officinale polysaccharides. The teaching experiment equipment comprises an experiment box and a cover body rotationally mounted above the experiment box, a plurality of placing grooves are formed above the experiment box, and the chromatographic columns are placed in the placing grooves; a pressure touch module is arranged at the bottom of the placement groove, the temperature control assembly is arranged on the inner side wall of one side of the placement groove, and the first driving assembly is used for driving the temperature control assembly to laterally move to be attached to the chromatographic column; by integrating the temperature control assembly, the ultrasonic assembly, the visual monitoring assembly and the pressure touch control module, it is avoided that a student needs to independently operate multiple devices. The control module, the temperature control assembly, the ultrasonic assembly and the visual monitoring assembly can respectively or synchronously move towards the chromatographic column, adjust and fit the outer surface of the chromatographic column for accurate operation, on one hand, the chromatographic column is fixed in the middle, and on the other hand, the assemblies are ensured to be fully fit with the chromatographic column.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale, and belongs to the technical field of teaching experimental equipment. Background Art

[0002] The concentrated teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale is a device specially designed for polysaccharide extraction and concentration in a teaching environment. This device usually focuses on the simplicity, safety and intuitiveness of operation, so that students can better understand and master the experimental process of polysaccharide extraction and concentration.

[0003] Since Dendrobium candidum is a traditional Chinese medicine, it contains rich polysaccharide ingredients. Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide has a wide range of applications in the fields of medicine and health care. Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide has the effect of enhancing immune function. It can promote the function of the immune system by enhancing the activity of white blood cells and help resist the invasion of external pathogens. Its polysaccharide components can inhibit the generation of free radicals, play an anti-aging and antioxidant role, and help protect body cells from oxidative damage. Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide can inhibit the growth of tumor cells under certain conditions and has potential anti-tumor effects. Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide is believed to have a hepatoprotective effect, which can help repair liver damage and promote liver health. Because it is rich in nutrients and active substances, Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide is used in some health foods to improve physical strength, enhance human endurance and vitality.

[0004] In the traditional teaching of polysaccharide extraction from Dendrobium officinale, students need to manually operate multiple devices. The steps involved are cumbersome and the parameter control of each step is difficult. Especially in the early stages of teaching, students need to gradually learn and master the operating procedures and parameter adjustments of each device. During the operation, they not only need to accurately control multiple factors such as temperature, pressure, ultrasonic output, and visual monitoring, but also need to ensure the coordination between the devices. These operations are cumbersome and time-consuming, making it difficult for students to fully master the operating skills in a short period of time, and the teaching cycle is extended accordingly. At the same time, the complexity of the equipment and the difficulty of operation also increase the teaching burden, which may cause students to have trouble understanding and operating during the learning process, thus affecting teaching efficiency and learning outcomes.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale that simplifies the operation process and improves the coordination and automation level of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale to solve the problems of the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale, comprising: An experimental box, a cover body rotatably mounted on the upper part of the experimental box; A plurality of placement slots are provided above the experimental box, and the chromatography column is placed inside the placement slots; A pressure touch module is arranged at the bottom of the placement groove, and a temperature control component is arranged on the inner side wall of one side of the placement groove, and a first driving component drives the temperature control component to move laterally to fit the chromatography column; An ultrasonic component is disposed on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove, and a second driving component drives the ultrasonic component to move laterally to fit the chromatography column; A visual monitoring component disposed on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove drives the visual monitoring component to move laterally to fit the third driving component of the chromatography column; A control module, wherein the control module is electrically connected to the first drive assembly, the second drive assembly, the third drive assembly, the temperature control assembly, the pressure touch module, the visual monitoring assembly, and the ultrasonic assembly; By inserting the chromatography column into the placement slot to contact the pressure touch module, the pressure touch module feeds back the insertion status to the control module: The control module controls the first drive assembly, the second drive assembly, and the third drive assembly to respectively control the visual monitoring assembly, the ultrasonic assembly, and the temperature control assembly to synchronously move toward the chromatography column and adhere to the outer surface of the chromatography column; The control module cooperates with the temperature control component to control the working temperature of the chromatography column, the control module cooperates with the ultrasonic component to output ultrasonic waves in a direction toward the chromatography column, and the control module cooperates with the visual communication module to monitor the reaction state of the chromatography column.

[0008] As a further improvement, a first mounting plate is provided at the output end of the first driving assembly; The temperature control assembly includes a plurality of arc-shaped sheets arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column, the arc-shaped sheets are embedded on the side of the first mounting plate facing the chromatography column, and a plurality of first heating sheets are embedded and arranged on the side of the arc-shaped sheets facing the chromatography column, and the first heating sheets are electrically connected to the control module; The chromatographic columns at different heights are heated by the arc-shaped sheets at different heights in cooperation with the first heating sheet.

[0009] As a further improvement, it also includes a plurality of second heating plates embedded and installed on a side of the arc-shaped plate away from the chromatography column, and the second heating plates are electrically connected to the control module; The water inputted into the placement tank is heated by the second heating plate.

[0010] As a further improvement, a second mounting plate is provided at the output end of the second driving component; the ultrasonic component includes a plurality of ultrasonic generators arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column, the ultrasonic generator is embedded in the second mounting plate on the side facing the chromatography column, the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected to the control module, and ultrasonic waves are sent toward the chromatography column through the cooperation of the control module and the ultrasonic generator.

[0011] As a further improvement, the output end of the third driving assembly is provided with a third mounting plate; The visual monitoring assembly includes a plurality of cameras arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column, and a plurality of the cameras are embedded on the side of the third mounting plate facing the chromatography column: The reaction status of the chromatography column is monitored by the cameras at different heights.

[0012] As a further improvement, it also includes a flexible kit mounted on the outer ring of the camera, and the flexible kit is fitted to the chromatography column to form an isolation space for the camera inside.

[0013] As a further improvement, it also includes a water inlet and a water outlet arranged below the placement tank, and a solenoid valve group for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet and the water outlet, and the solenoid valve group is electrically connected to the control module; The control module cooperates with the electromagnetic valve group to control the water inlet / outlet status in the placement tank.

[0014] As a further improvement, the solenoid valve group includes a first solenoid valve for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet and a second solenoid valve for controlling the opening / closing state of the water outlet, and the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve of the control module group are electrically connected.

[0015] As a further improvement, the first drive assembly, the second drive assembly and the third drive assembly all use telescopic guide rod motors.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention integrates a temperature control component, an ultrasonic component, a visual monitoring component and a pressure touch module, thereby avoiding the need for students to operate multiple devices separately. Each component can complete its own function in the same experimental box, reducing the complexity of student operations.

[0017] The pressure touch module provides feedback on the insertion status of the chromatography column to ensure accurate placement of the chromatography column, reduce manual intervention, and avoid experimental failures caused by improper operation in traditional teaching. After the chromatography column is inserted, the temperature control component, ultrasonic component, and visual monitoring component can move toward the chromatography column separately or simultaneously through the control module, adjust and fit the outer surface of the chromatography column for precise operation, on the one hand to fix the chromatography column in the middle, and on the other hand to ensure that each component remains fully fitted with the chromatography column.

[0018] Through the precise collaboration between the control module and the temperature control component, the pressure touch module and the ultrasonic component, the column's operating temperature, pressure and ultrasonic output can be stably controlled and flexibly set according to teaching needs. Students no longer need to manually adjust these parameters, reducing errors and operational difficulties.

[0019] Among them, in the temperature control component, a first heating plate is arranged at different heights of the chromatography column, which can directly heat the chromatography column, and a second heating plate is arranged, which can directly heat the water contacting the outer side of the chromatography column to achieve water bath experimental conditions.

[0020] The reaction status of the chromatography column can be observed in real time through the visual monitoring component. The system feeds back real-time data through the control module. Students can view the experimental progress on an external screen without interrupting the experiment for on-site inspection, which improves the accuracy and efficiency of experimental operations.

[0021] Compared with the advantages of existing equipment, in traditional teaching, students need to master the operation and adjustment of each device one by one, while this equipment greatly simplifies the operation process through integration and automatic control, so that students can focus more on the core steps and principles of the experiment and shorten the learning cycle. Because the operation steps are automated and precisely controlled, students can conduct experiments faster during the teaching process, reducing the time of manual operation, so that they can complete more experimental tasks and improve teaching effects.

[0022] Through integrated and automated control design, the teaching operation process of polysaccharide extraction from Dendrobium officinale has been greatly simplified, providing higher experimental efficiency and precision, and effectively overcoming the cumbersome and difficult coordination problems in traditional equipment operation. Compared with existing equipment, this solution has a high degree of automation, simple operation, and good coordination, which significantly improves the teaching quality and efficiency. It effectively solves the problems of cumbersome operation, equipment coordination difficulties, and long operation time in traditional teaching, and improves teaching efficiency and controllability of operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 The present invention is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a teaching experiment device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale.

[0025] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a chromatography column placement process of a teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale.

[0026] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a top view of the internal structure of a teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the front side of a temperature control component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the back surface of a temperature control component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a partially enlarged schematic side view of a visual monitoring component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a partially enlarged schematic side view of an ultrasonic component of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the connection modules of a teaching experiment equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale.

[0032] Figure numerals: 1. experimental box; 2. cover; 3. placement slot; 31. chromatography column; 4. temperature control component; 41. first drive component; 42. first mounting plate; 43. arc plate; 44. first heating plate; 45. second heating plate; 5. ultrasonic component; 51. second drive component; 52. second mounting plate; 53. ultrasonic generator; 6. visual monitoring component; 61. third drive component; 62. third mounting plate; 63. camera; 64. flexible kit; 65. isolation space; 7. control module; 71. display screen; 72. image processing module; 8. pressure touch module; 11. water inlet; 12. water outlet; 14. second solenoid valve; 13. first solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] Reference Figure 1-8 As shown, a teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale includes: An experimental box 1, and a cover 2 rotatably mounted on the experimental box 1; A plurality of placement slots 3 are provided above the experimental box 1, and the chromatography column 31 is placed inside the placement slots 3; A pressure touch module 8 is disposed at the bottom of the placement groove 3, and a temperature control component 4 is disposed on the inner side wall of one side of the placement groove 3, and a first driving component 41 drives the temperature control component 4 to move laterally to fit the chromatography column 31; An ultrasonic component 5 is disposed on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove 3, and a second driving component 51 drives the ultrasonic component 5 to move laterally to fit the chromatography column 31; A visual monitoring component 6 disposed on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement slot 3 drives the visual monitoring component 6 to move laterally to fit the third driving component 61 of the chromatography column 31; A control module 7, wherein the control module 7 is electrically connected to the first drive component 41, the second drive component 51, the third drive component 61, the temperature control component 4, the pressure touch module 8, the visual monitoring component 6, and the ultrasonic component 5; By inserting the chromatography column 31 into the placement slot 3 and contacting with the pressure touch module, the pressure touch module 8 feeds back the insertion status to the control module 7: The control module 7 controls the first drive component 41, the second drive component 51, and the third drive component 61 to respectively control the visual monitoring component 6, the ultrasonic component 5, and the temperature control component 4 to synchronously move toward the chromatography column 31 and adhere to the outer surface of the chromatography column 31; The control module 7 cooperates with the temperature control component 4 to control the working temperature of the chromatography column 31 , the control module 7 cooperates with the ultrasonic component 5 to output ultrasonic waves in a direction toward the chromatography column 31 , and the control module 7 cooperates with the visual communication module to monitor the reaction state of the chromatography column 31 .

[0036] By integrating the temperature control component 4, the ultrasonic component 5, the visual monitoring component 6 and the pressure touch module 8, it is avoided that students need to operate multiple devices separately. Each component can complete its own function in the same experimental box 1, reducing the complexity of student operation.

[0037] The insertion status of the chromatography column 31 is fed back through the pressure touch module 8 to ensure that the chromatography column 31 is accurately placed, reducing manual intervention and avoiding experimental failures caused by improper operation in traditional teaching. After the chromatography column 31 is inserted, through the control module 7, the temperature control component 4, the ultrasonic component 5, and the visual monitoring component 6 can move toward the chromatography column 31 separately or simultaneously, adjust and fit the outer surface of the chromatography column 31 for precise operation, on the one hand, fix the chromatography column 31 in the middle, and on the other hand, ensure that each component remains fully fitted with the chromatography column 31.

[0038] Through the precise cooperation of the control module 7 and the temperature control component 4, the pressure touch module 8 and the ultrasonic component 5, the working temperature, pressure and ultrasonic output of the chromatography column 31 can be stably controlled and flexibly set according to teaching needs. Students no longer need to manually adjust these parameters, reducing errors and operating difficulties.

[0039] The reaction state of the chromatography column 31 is observed in real time through the visual monitoring component 6, and the system feeds back real-time data through the control module 7. Students can view the experimental progress on an external screen without interrupting the experiment for on-site inspection, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the experimental operation.

[0040] Compared with the advantages of existing equipment, in traditional teaching, students need to master the operation and adjustment of each device one by one, while this equipment greatly simplifies the operation process through integration and automatic control, so that students can focus more on the core steps and principles of the experiment and shorten the learning cycle. Because the operation steps are automated and precisely controlled, students can conduct experiments faster during the teaching process, reducing the time of manual operation, so that they can complete more experimental tasks and improve teaching effects.

[0041] Through integrated and automated control design, the teaching operation process of polysaccharide extraction from Dendrobium officinale has been greatly simplified, providing higher experimental efficiency and precision, and effectively overcoming the cumbersome and difficult coordination problems in traditional equipment operation. Compared with existing equipment, this solution has a high degree of automation, simple operation, and good coordination, which significantly improves the teaching quality and efficiency. It effectively solves the problems of cumbersome operation, equipment coordination difficulties, and long operation time in traditional teaching, and improves teaching efficiency and controllability of operation.

[0042] In order to heat the chromatography columns 31 at different heights, the output end of the first driving assembly 41 is provided with a first mounting plate 42; The temperature control assembly 4 includes a plurality of arc-shaped pieces 43 arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column 31, the arc-shaped pieces 43 are embedded on the side of the first mounting plate 42 facing the chromatography column 31, and a plurality of first heating pieces 44 are embedded and arranged on the side of the arc-shaped piece 43 facing the chromatography column 31, and the first heating pieces 44 are electrically connected to the control module 7; The chromatographic columns 31 at different heights are heated by the arc-shaped sheets 43 at different heights in cooperation with the first heating sheet 44 .

[0043] By arranging the arc-shaped pieces 43 along the insertion direction of the chromatography column 31, it is possible to ensure that the temperature control component 4 fits the curved surface shape of the chromatography column 31, providing a more uniform and stable heating effect. The traditional heating method may be concentrated at a fixed position, while multiple groups of arc-shaped pieces 43 are evenly arranged at different heights of the chromatography column 31, thereby achieving more precise heating control. The entire reaction area of ​​the chromatography column 31 is evenly heated, avoiding the problem of local overheating or uneven heating, and ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of the reaction.

[0044] By electrically connecting the temperature control module to the first heating plate 44 , the working state of the first heating plate 44 can be precisely adjusted through the control module 7 , and the heating at different heights can be dynamically adjusted, thereby directly heating the chromatography column 31 .

[0045] The advantage is that through the cooperation of the arc sheet 43 and the first heating sheet 44, the chromatography column 31 can be heated with high precision, the uniformity of the heating process, the controllability and stability of the reaction can be ensured, and the energy efficiency and safety can be optimized. By flexibly adjusting the temperature at different heights, the temperature environment of the reaction during the experiment can be accurately controlled, and the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment can be improved, which is a very practical improvement in teaching and scientific research experiments.

[0046] Since some experiments also require water bath heating under different conditions, a plurality of second heating plates 45 are also included, which are embedded and installed on the side of the arc-shaped plate 43 away from the chromatography column 31, and the second heating plates 45 are electrically connected to the control module 7; The water inputted into the placement tank 3 is heated by the second heating plate 45 .

[0047] The second heating plate 45 is used to heat the input water instead of directly heating the chromatography column 31, so that the water temperature can be more accurately controlled, and the chromatography column 31 can be heated in a water bath, which helps to improve the stability and accuracy of the entire experimental process. The control of the inlet water temperature is very important, especially for some temperature-sensitive experimental processes, which can ensure that the water temperature is within a predetermined range to avoid affecting the effect of the chromatography reaction due to unstable water temperature.

[0048] The second heating plate 45 is specifically used to heat the water input through the water inlet 11, rather than heating the entire system, to ensure that the heating energy is only used for the required part. This local heating can transfer heat to the water more efficiently, rather than wasting energy in areas that do not need to be heated. Due to the columnar design of the placement tank 3 that accommodates the chromatography column 31, only a very small part of the water for water bath heating is needed to meet the experimental needs, saving experimental water, and also requiring less thermal energy to achieve the target temperature. Furthermore, the inner side of the placement tank 3 is coated with an insulating layer, which can further insulate the heated water.

[0049] In the polysaccharide extraction experiment, since the amount of water in the placement tank 3 is relatively fixed, the opening time of the heating plate can be preset. Therefore, a temperature sensor may not be provided in this embodiment. However, in order to further improve the accuracy of the experiment and the adaptability requirements of other experiments, in other embodiments, a temperature sensor may be embedded in the placement tank 3 to monitor the actual temperature of the water bath heating.

[0050] As mentioned above, water bath heating is required, so it also includes a water inlet 11 and a water outlet 12 arranged below the placement tank 3, and a solenoid valve group for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet and the water outlet 12, and the solenoid valve group is electrically connected to the control module 7; The control module 7 cooperates with the electromagnetic valve group to control the water inlet / outlet state in the placement tank 3.

[0051] Through the cooperation of the electromagnetic valve group, the switch state of the water flow and the flow rate of the water flow can be accurately controlled as needed. Combined with the control module 7, the automatic water inlet and drain operation is realized, reducing manual intervention and improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation. For example, the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 can be automatically opened or closed according to the preset conditions, so as to accurately control the water level or flow.

[0052] The cooperation between the solenoid valve group and the control module 7 enables the system to flexibly adjust the water flow state according to different experimental requirements or process requirements. For example, different switch modes can be set to adapt to different types of experiments or different equipment configurations.

[0053] The electrical connection with the control module 7 allows remote control or programmed control of the operation of the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12. The system can be remotely monitored and adjusted by means of a computer, PLC, etc., which improves the convenience of operation and reduces the complexity of manual operation.

[0054] The solenoid valve group can accurately control the timing and amount of water inlet and outlet, avoiding excessive water flow or high water level due to improper manual control, and preventing accidents such as overflow or equipment damage.

[0055] Since the size of the placement slot 3 is fixed, the opening and closing time of the automatic regulating valve can be set by preset conditions, and there is no need to set a water level sensor. However, in order to further improve the safety of the experiment, a water level sensor can also be set in other embodiments.

[0056] By setting the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 below the placement tank 3, and by cooperating with the electromagnetic valve group and the control module 7, accurate water flow control can be achieved to ensure the efficiency, flexibility and safety of the system. It can provide automatic control, reduce manual intervention, improve operation accuracy and efficiency, save water resources and energy, and enhance the reliability and stability of the system. By optimizing water flow management, the stability of the experiment or production process can be improved, the system failure rate can be reduced, maintenance operations can be simplified, and the overall system performance can be improved.

[0057] The solenoid valve group includes a first solenoid valve 13 for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet 11, and a second solenoid valve 14 for controlling the opening / closing state of the water outlet 12. The control module 7 is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve 13 and the second solenoid valve 14. The first drive assembly 41, the second drive assembly 51, and the third drive assembly 61 all use telescopic guide rod motors.

[0058] By using the first solenoid valve 13 and the second solenoid valve 14 to control the opening and closing of the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 respectively, the inflow and outflow of water can be adjusted very accurately. This precise control is very critical in many applications that require stable water level or water flow (such as experimental equipment, production process, etc.), which can ensure that the system always operates under the set conditions and avoid the impact caused by abnormal water flow.

[0059] The electrical connection between the control module 7 and the solenoid valve allows the system to automatically control the water flow switch according to the preset conditions. The system does not require human intervention and can automatically adjust the water flow state according to time, sensor data or other control signals. This automated control greatly improves operational efficiency and reduces human errors.

[0060] Since the control module 7 can be programmed according to different requirements, the switching behavior of the first solenoid valve 13 and the second solenoid valve 14 can be made more flexible. For example, the system can set parameters such as water flow rate and cycle according to different requirements to better adapt to different experimental or process requirements.

[0061] By precisely controlling the timing of water inlet and outlet through solenoid valves, water waste can be avoided. This has a great water-saving effect on some systems that require timely and quantitative control of water flow (such as agricultural irrigation, industrial cooling, etc.), and can effectively reduce resource waste.

[0062] A solenoid valve is a valve that controls the flow of fluid through electromagnetic force. Its working principle is based on the fact that electric current passes through the coil to generate a magnetic field, which drives the movement of the valve core, thereby controlling the on / off state of the fluid. When current passes through the electromagnetic coil, the magnetic field generated causes the valve core to move in a certain direction, opening or closing the fluid channel. When the current is turned off, the valve core returns to its original state, stopping the flow of fluid.

[0063] The solenoid valve has a very fast switching response speed, almost instantaneous response, and is suitable for occasions where water flow needs to be adjusted quickly. By controlling the switch of the valve through electrical signals, very precise water flow control can be achieved.

[0064] The telescopic guide rod motor is usually an electric drive device capable of linear motion, which uses a motor to drive the guide rod to extend and retract. The motor drives the guide rod to extend and retract through electricity, driving the entire device to complete the predetermined action. It is usually used in conjunction with other components in the mechanical structure (such as valves, doors, platforms, etc.) to achieve precise motion control.

[0065] The telescopic guide rod motor controls the precise extension and retraction of the guide rod through the motor, which can perform precise linear positioning and provide very high motion accuracy. This makes it suitable for precision control systems. The telescopic guide rod motor has a small size and can be used in space-constrained environments. The motor drive method provides stable power output and can work reliably for a long time, suitable for industrial applications. The motor can control the movement speed and force by adjusting the current or voltage, and has strong adaptability to meet the needs of different working conditions.

[0066] As a further improvement, a second mounting plate 52 is provided at the output end of the second driving component 51; the ultrasonic component 5 includes a plurality of ultrasonic generators 53 arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column 31, and the ultrasonic generator 53 is embedded in the second mounting plate 52 on the side facing the chromatography column 31, and the ultrasonic generator 53 is electrically connected to the control module 7, and ultrasonic waves are sent toward the chromatography column 31 through the cooperation of the control module 7 and the ultrasonic generator 53.

[0067] The ultrasonic generator 53 can provide more efficient energy transfer. Ultrasonic waves can promote the interaction between molecules through high-frequency vibration and enhance the reaction rate of substances. It can significantly improve the reaction efficiency in a shorter time and reduce the experimental time.

[0068] Ultrasound helps break up aggregates between molecules, providing more uniform mixing and distribution, which in turn enhances separation during chromatography.

[0069] The control module 7 can accurately adjust the output intensity, frequency and duration of the ultrasonic wave through the electrical connection with the ultrasonic generator 53, so as to accurately control the heating and ultrasonic effect during the experiment. This precise control can optimize the reaction conditions according to the different needs of the experiment and ensure the stability and repeatability of the experiment.

[0070] According to the design principle of the experimental equipment and the process requirements of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide extraction, the output intensity, frequency and duration of the ultrasound can be parameterized: 1. Ultrasonic parameter setting principles: Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides are high molecular weight compounds, and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is required to destroy the cell wall structure and promote the dissolution of polysaccharides. The parameters need to balance the extraction efficiency and the integrity of the polysaccharide structure: too high intensity may lead to polysaccharide degradation, and too low frequency will result in insufficient penetration.

[0071] Adjust the ultrasonic energy distribution according to the column diameter (e.g. 10-30 mm) and material (glass / resin): Small diameter cylinder: use high frequency (40-60kHz) and low intensity (50-100W) to avoid local overheating; Large diameter cylinder: low frequency (20-40kHz), high intensity (100-200W) to enhance penetration.

[0072] In addition, it can be optimized in coordination with temperature control When the water bath heating temperature (such as 40-60°C) and ultrasound work together, the parameters need to be dynamically matched: Under high temperature conditions, the ultrasonic intensity can be appropriately reduced (to reduce heat accumulation); During low temperature extraction, the intensity needs to be increased to enhance the cavitation effect.

[0073] In this embodiment, the parameter setting scheme is as follows: 1. Output intensity: basic range: 50-200W (adjustable step 10W); Typical scenarios: Cell wall breaking stage: 150-200W (short-term high-energy impact), polysaccharide release stage: 80-120W (maintain stable cavitation), sensitive material protection: 50-80W (reduce mechanical shear).

[0074] 2. Frequency selection: Basic range: 20-60kHz (adjustable in sections), for example: 20-30kHz is suitable for large particle size chromatography columns to enhance liquid penetration; 30-50kHz is suitable for conventional polysaccharide extraction to balance penetration and cavitation efficiency; 50-60kHz is suitable for fine separation stages to reduce bubble interference.

[0075] 3. Duration: Pulse mode: Working cycle: 5-30 seconds (on) / 2-10 seconds (off), Advantages: Prevent local overheating, suitable for long-term reaction (such as more than 30 minutes).

[0076] Continuous mode: Single maximum: ≤15 minutes (to prevent equipment overload), typical application: fast extraction (5-10 minutes).

[0077] 3. Intelligent design of control module 1. Teaching mode: Basic template: One-click start of standardized parameters (such as 40kHz, 120W, pulse 10s / 5s, total duration 20 minutes) Case Library: Built-in optimal parameters for Dendrobium officinale from different origins (e.g. Yunnan Dendrobium officinale: 35kHz, 150W, continuous 15 minutes) Scientific research mode: supports customized parameter curves (such as gradient-varying ultrasound intensity).

[0078] 2. Adaptive adjustment function Real-time feedback of the status of the material in the column (such as turbidity and amount of bubbles) through the visual monitoring component: When the packing layer is detected to be clogged, the frequency is automatically increased to 50kHz to enhance the cleaning effect; When the viscosity of the polysaccharide solution is detected to be too high, the pulse interval is increased to prevent cavitation failure.

[0079] 3. Safety restriction mechanism When the column temperature is greater than 60°C, the ultrasonic intensity is forced to be reduced by 50%; Continuous operation for more than 30 minutes triggers cooling protection (pause and start water bath cycle).

[0080] Through the above-mentioned parametric design and control, the equipment can increase the extraction efficiency of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides by 40%-60% (compared with the traditional magnetic stirring method), while reducing the student operation error rate to below 5%, significantly improving the success rate of teaching experiments and the repeatability of scientific research data.

[0081] Furthermore, by arranging ultrasonic generators 53 on the chromatography columns 31 at different heights, the chromatography columns 31 at specific heights can be subjected to ultrasonic action in a targeted manner.

[0082] The output end of the third driving assembly 61 is provided with a third mounting plate 62; The visual monitoring assembly 6 includes a plurality of cameras 63 arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column 31, and the plurality of cameras 63 are embedded on the side of the third mounting plate 62 facing the chromatography column 31: The reaction status of the chromatography column 31 is monitored by the cameras 63 at different heights.

[0083] By placing multiple cameras 63 at different heights, the chromatography column 31 can be monitored in all directions from different angles. The cameras 63 at different heights can capture the reaction conditions in different areas of the chromatography column 31, especially the distribution changes, flow states and reaction progress of the reactants in the chromatography column 31. Through this multi-angle monitoring, it is possible to ensure that the reaction process in the chromatography column 31 is fully observed to avoid missing any details that may affect the experimental results.

[0084] The reaction conditions in the chromatography column 31 may be different in areas at different heights. Some reactions may occur at the top of the column, while other reactions may occur at the bottom or in the middle. The arrangement of multiple cameras 63 can accurately capture the changes in these different areas, ensuring more detailed and accurate monitoring.

[0085] The camera 63 can capture the reaction state of the chromatography column 31 in real time, including key factors such as the movement of the chromatographic band and the distribution change of the solute. The image processing module 72 connected to the control module 7 transmits the image to the display screen 71 connected to the control module 7, so that abnormal states in the reaction (such as incomplete separation, blockage, too fast or too slow flow, etc.) can be identified in time, and the experimental parameters can be adjusted in time through the feedback control system to ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction process.

[0086] The image data collected by the camera 63 can be used for later analysis and recording, which is convenient for archiving and comparing experimental data. The operator can review the reaction conditions at each stage and analyze the movement trajectory and concentration changes of the substances in the chromatography column 31, which is of great significance for optimizing experimental operations and improving experimental conditions.

[0087] It also includes a flexible kit 64 that is mounted on the outer ring of the camera 63. The flexible kit 64 fits the chromatography column 31 to form an isolation space 65 for the camera 63 inside.

[0088] By setting a flexible sleeve 64 on the outer ring of the camera 63 and fitting the chromatography column 31 with the flexible sleeve 64, an isolation space 65 is formed to protect the camera 63. The flexible sleeve 64 can effectively protect the camera 63 from being polluted and damaged by liquids, chemicals or particles that may exist in the placement tank 3. During the chromatography process, solvents, solutes or other reactive substances may pollute the camera 63. The flexible sleeve 64 can act as a barrier to prevent these substances from directly contacting the surface of the camera 63, thereby ensuring the cleanliness and normal operation of the camera 63.

[0089] The camera 63 may be damaged due to vibration, collision or other external factors of the chromatography column 31. The flexible kit 64 provides a layer of buffer protection for the camera 63, reduces the direct impact of external force on the camera 63, and prolongs its service life.

[0090] The flexible sleeve 64 is made of corrosion-resistant rubber material.

[0091] In addition, in the water bath experiment state, the water flow can be isolated to form an independent space, thereby avoiding the influence of the water flow on the image clarity of the monitoring environment. The flexible kit 64 forms an isolation space 65 between the camera 63 and the chromatography column 31, which can reduce the reflection or scattering effect of the liquid or chemical substances in the chromatography column 31 on the light. This helps to improve the imaging quality of the camera 63, reduce unnecessary image interference, and ensure the acquisition of clearer and more accurate monitoring data.

[0092] In some experiments, the chromatography column 31 may involve high temperature operation. The flexible kit 64 can play a certain role in heat insulation, preventing the temperature fluctuation of the chromatography column 31 from directly affecting the camera 63. This ensures that the camera 63 works in a stable temperature environment, thereby avoiding equipment failure or image distortion caused by heat.

[0093] It should be noted that the device structure and the drawings of the present invention mainly describe the principle of the present invention. In terms of the technology of the design principle, the settings of the power mechanism, power supply system and control system of the device are not fully described. On the premise that the technical personnel in this field understand the principle of the above invention, the details of the power mechanism, power supply system and control system can be clearly known. The control method of the application document is automatic control through a controller, and the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming by the technical personnel in this field. The standard parts used therein can all be purchased from the market and can be customized according to the instructions and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the structures and principles of the components known to technical personnel in this field can be known by these technical personnel through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A teaching experimental device for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale, characterized in that: include: An experimental box (1), and a cover (2) rotatably mounted on the top of the experimental box (1); A plurality of placement slots (3) are arranged above the experimental box (1), and a chromatography column (31) is placed inside the placement slots (3); A pressure touch module (8) is arranged at the bottom of the placement groove (3), and a temperature control component (4) is arranged on the inner side wall of one side of the placement groove (3), and a first driving component (41) drives the temperature control component (4) to move laterally to fit the chromatography column (31); An ultrasonic component (5) disposed on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove (3), and a second driving component (51) driving the ultrasonic component (5) to move laterally to fit the chromatography column (31); A visual monitoring component (6) disposed on the inner side wall of the other side of the placement groove (3), and a third driving component (61) driving the visual monitoring component (6) to move laterally to fit the chromatography column (31); A control module (7), the control module (7) being electrically connected to the first drive component (41), the second drive component (51), the third drive component (61), the temperature control component (4), the pressure touch module (8), the visual monitoring component (6), and the ultrasonic component (5); By inserting the chromatography column (31) into the placement groove (3) so as to contact the pressure touch module (8), the pressure touch module (8) feeds back the insertion status to the control module (7): The control module (7) controls the first drive component (41), the second drive component (51), and the third drive component (61) to respectively drive the visual monitoring component (6), the ultrasonic component (5), and the temperature control component (4) to move synchronously toward the chromatography column (31) and adhere to the outer surface of the chromatography column (31); The control module (7) cooperates with the temperature control component (4) to control the working temperature of the chromatography column (31); the control module (7) cooperates with the ultrasonic component (5) to output ultrasonic waves in a direction toward the chromatography column (31); and the control module (7) cooperates with the visual communication module to monitor the reaction state of the chromatography column (31).

2. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the first driving component (41) is provided with a first mounting plate (42); The temperature control component (4) comprises a plurality of arc-shaped sheets (43) arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column (31), the arc-shaped sheets (43) being embedded on a side of the first mounting plate (42) facing the chromatography column (31), and a plurality of first heating sheets (44) being embedded on a side of the arc-shaped sheet (43) facing the chromatography column (31), and the first heating sheets (44) being electrically connected to the control module (7); The chromatography columns (31) at different heights are heated by cooperating with the first heating plate (44) through the arc-shaped plates (43) at different heights.

3. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of second heating plates (45) embedded and installed on a side of the arc-shaped plate (43) away from the chromatography column (31), wherein the second heating plates (45) are electrically connected to the control module (7); The water input through the placement tank (3) is heated by the second heating plate (45).

4. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the second driving component (51) is provided with a second mounting plate (52); the ultrasonic component (5) comprises a plurality of ultrasonic generators (53) arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column (31); the ultrasonic generators (53) are embedded on a side of the second mounting plate (52) facing the chromatography column (31); the ultrasonic generators (53) are electrically connected to the control module (7); and ultrasonic waves are transmitted toward the chromatography column (31) through the cooperation of the control module (7) and the ultrasonic generators (53).

5. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the third driving assembly (61) is provided with a third mounting plate (62); The visual monitoring assembly (6) comprises a plurality of cameras (63) arranged along the insertion direction of the chromatography column (31), wherein the plurality of cameras (63) are embedded on a side of the third mounting plate (62) facing the chromatography column (31): The reaction state of the chromatography column (31) is monitored by the cameras (63) at different heights.

6. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a flexible sleeve (64) mounted on the outer ring of the camera head (63), and the flexible sleeve (64) is fitted to the chromatography column (31) to form an isolation space (65) inside for the camera head (63).

7. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a water inlet (11) and a water outlet (12) arranged below the placement groove (3), and a solenoid valve group for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet (11) and the water outlet (12), wherein the solenoid valve group is electrically connected to the control module (7); The control module (7) cooperates with the electromagnetic valve group to control the water inlet / outlet state in the placement tank (3).

8. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 7, characterized in that: The solenoid valve group comprises a first solenoid valve (13) for controlling the opening / closing state of the water inlet (11), and a second solenoid valve (14) for controlling the opening / closing state of the water outlet (12), and the control module (7) group is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve (13) and the second solenoid valve (14).

9. The teaching experimental equipment for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drive assembly (41), the second drive assembly (51) and the third drive assembly (61) all use telescopic guide rod motors.

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