Finish machining equipment for manufacturing gear shaft of speed reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gear shaft finish machining, in particular to speed reducer gear shaft manufacturing finish machining equipment which comprises an operation table, a fixing groove is formed in the top end of the operation table, and a circular plate is rotationally arranged on the inner wall of the fixing groove; the gear data detection mechanism comprises a detection head used for detection, and a detection cavity and a detection groove which are arranged up and down are formed in the detection head. After the data such as the tooth depth and the inclination angle of the gear are detected, the PLC controls the rotation angle of the second motor driving rotating plate according to the data such as the tooth inclination angle and the gear depth which are known in advance, so that the inclination angle of the disc grinding wheel grinder is consistent with that of the gear tooth, and the forward moving distance of the disc grinding wheel grinder can be controlled; the vertical moving distance of the gear is controlled according to the height of the gear, the rotating angle of the fifth motor can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to the tooth number of the gear, and continuous fine grinding of the gear of the gear shaft is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gear shaft finishing, and in particular to a reduction gear shaft manufacturing finishing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Reducers are often used as reduction transmission devices connecting prime movers and working machines. They play a key role in matching the rotational speed between the prime mover and the working machine or actuator, and transmitting torque. Among the many components of reducers, gear shafts occupy a pivotal position. Therefore, the quality and performance of gear shafts have a direct and significant impact on the overall operating state and service life of the reducer. Therefore, fine processing is required when processing the teeth of the gear shaft. For example, a reducer gear shaft manufacturing finishing equipment disclosed in application number CN202311481591.4 is used to finish the teeth of the gear shaft.

[0003] Existing gear shaft finishing processing usually requires grinding the teeth of the gears in the gear shaft in order to improve dimensional accuracy, improve surface quality, correct tooth shape errors and enhance gear strength. However, during the gear shaft finishing process, for gear shafts that use heat treatment processes such as carburizing and quenching, gears of different sizes may be deformed during the heat treatment process. Therefore, grinding is required to correct this deformation so that the size and shape of the gear are restored to the accuracy range required by the design. Therefore, for the above situation, the existing gear shaft manufacturing finishing equipment can usually only grind the teeth of one type of gear shaft and cannot be applied to various different gear shafts. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a reducer gear shaft manufacturing and finishing equipment, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing gear shaft manufacturing and finishing equipment in the prior art can usually only grind the teeth of one type of gear shaft.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a reduction gear shaft manufacturing finishing equipment, comprising: An operating table, wherein a fixing groove is provided at the top of the operating table, and a circular plate is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the fixing groove; A gear data detection mechanism, the gear data detection mechanism comprising a detection head for detection, wherein the detection head is provided with a detection cavity and a detection slot arranged in upper and lower positions, a tooth depth detection component is arranged in the detection cavity, and a tooth number detection component and a tooth inclination detection component are arranged in the detection slot; The tooth depth detection assembly includes a plurality of detection holes in a linear array on the outer wall of the detection head, and the detection holes are connected to the detection cavity, a resistance ring is embedded in the inner wall of the detection hole, a conductive ring in contact with the resistance ring is slidably arranged in the detection hole, and a detection rod is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the conductive ring; The tooth number detection component includes a fixed rod fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection groove, a detection block elastically hinged on the outer wall of the fixed rod, a test rod fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection block on a side away from the detection head, a fixed block fixedly connected to the top of the detection block, a conductive ball fixedly connected to the top of the fixed block, and a conductive plate slidably connected to the inner top wall of the detection groove that intermittently contacts the conductive ball.

[0006] Preferably, the tooth depth detection component also includes an electromagnetic plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection cavity, the outer wall of the electromagnetic plate is fixedly connected to a plastic spring, the other end of the plastic spring is fixedly connected to a permanent magnet block that magnetically repels the electromagnetic plate, the other end of the permanent magnet block is fixedly connected to one end of the detection rod, and a pressure sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the detection head, the conductive ring and the resistance ring are electrically connected to a current detector, and the current detector and pressure sensor electrical signals are connected to a PLC controller to form a first detection loop.

[0007] Preferably, the tooth number detection component also includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to the top wall of the detection groove, the outer wall of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to a third electromagnetic telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the third electromagnetic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a conductive plate, the conductive plate is electrically connected to the current detector to form a second detection circuit, and the PLC controller is connected to the third electromagnetic telescopic rod and the electromagnetic plate electrical signal to form a regulation circuit.

[0008] Preferably, the tooth inclination detection assembly includes an arc-shaped resistor plate fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the detection groove, and the outer wall of the detection block on the side away from the test rod is fixedly connected to a power-carrying plate, and the power-carrying plate is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the arc-shaped resistor plate, and the power-carrying plate, the arc-shaped resistor plate and the current detector are electrically connected to form a third detection circuit.

[0009] Preferably, a protective shell is slidably provided at the top of the operating table, a first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell, a first threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, a second threaded rod is rotatably contacted at the bottom end of the first threaded rod, a bottom end of the second threaded rod is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the protective shell, a first limiting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell, a first connecting plate is sleeved on the outer walls of the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod, and the first limiting rod slides through the first connecting plate, and the outer wall of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection head; The outer walls of the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod are sleeved with a threaded sleeve, the outer wall of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected with an arc swivel, the outer wall of the threaded sleeve is rotatably provided with a second connecting plate, and the first limiting rod slides through the second connecting plate, the inner peripheral wall of the second connecting plate is fixedly provided with a rotating groove, the rotating groove is rotatably connected with the arc swivel, the inner peripheral wall of the second connecting plate is provided with a first sliding hole, the outer peripheral wall of the threaded sleeve is provided with a first limiting hole, the inner wall of the first sliding hole is fixedly connected with a first electromagnetic telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a first plug rod, and the first plug rod is engaged with the first limiting hole; A second sliding hole is formed at the bottom end of the first threaded rod, a second electromagnetic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the second sliding hole, a second insertion rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod, a second limiting hole is formed at the top end of the second threaded rod, and the second insertion rod is engaged with the second limiting hole.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the second connecting plate is fixedly connected to a vertical plate, the outer wall of the vertical plate is rotatably connected to a rotating plate, the outer wall of the rotating plate is detachably provided with a disc grinding wheel grinder, the outer wall on the other side of the vertical plate is fixedly connected to a second motor for driving the rotating plate, and the PLC controller is electrically signal-connected to the first motor, the disc grinding wheel grinder, the second motor, the second electromagnetic telescopic rod, and the first electromagnetic telescopic rod to form a driving circuit.

[0011] Preferably, an L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the top of the operating table, a third motor is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped plate, a reciprocating screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor, a reciprocating plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw, the inner top of the L-shaped plate and the upper top of the operating table are jointly fixedly connected with a second limit rod, the second limit rod slides through the reciprocating plate, an infrared transmitter is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating plate away from the L-shaped plate, an infrared receiving board for receiving infrared rays emitted by the infrared transmitter is embedded in the inner wall of the protective shell, the infrared receiving board, the infrared transmitter and the PLC controller are electrically signal-connected to form a fourth detection circuit.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism includes an L-shaped support plate fixedly connected to the top of the operating table, three rotating rods arranged in a circular array are rotatably arranged on the top of the circular plate and the upper bottom surface of the L-shaped support plate, the outer wall of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to an extrusion rod, the other end of the extrusion rod is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped extrusion plate, the inner circumferential walls of the three arc-shaped extrusion plates at the top are rotatably arranged with balls, the top of the L-shaped support plate is fixedly connected to a third motor, and the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to one of the rotating rods at the top; The bottom end of the circular plate is fixedly connected to a round box, the rotating rods below are rotated to pass through the bottom end of the circular plate and extend into the round box, the bottom end of the round box is fixedly connected to a fourth motor, the output end of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to one of the rotating rods below, the outer walls of the rotating rods above and below are transmission-connected with a chain transmission structure, the bottom end of the operating table is fixedly connected to two symmetrical supporting legs, a horizontal plate is fixedly connected between the two supporting legs, the top end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to a fifth motor, and the output end of the fifth motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the round box.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the sixth motor, the output end of the sixth motor is fixedly connected to the third threaded rod, the top of the operating table is fixedly connected to the limit plate, the third limit rod is fixedly connected between the limit plate and the L-shaped plate, the outer walls on both sides of the protective shell are respectively fixedly connected to a threaded connection block and a sliding connection block, the threaded connection block is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the third threaded rod, the third limit rod slides through the sliding connection block, and the PLC controller is electrically signal-connected to the third motor, the fourth motor, the fifth motor, and the sixth motor to form a total control loop.

[0014] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The tooth depth detection component is composed of a detection rod, a conductive ring, a resistor ring, an electromagnetic plate, a permanent magnet block and other components. When the electromagnetic plate is energized, the permanent magnet block pushes the detection rod to move forward, and the detection rods at different positions hit the teeth or tooth grooves of the gear. The detection rods hitting the tooth grooves drive the conductive rings to slide in the resistor rings, and the current detector detects the current of the first sliding rheostat to feedback the tooth groove depth; the tooth number detection component is composed of a test rod, a detection block, a conductive ball, a conductive plate and other components. When the gear rotates, the teeth hit the test rod to tilt it, driving the conductive ball to contact the conductive plate, and the number of gear teeth is determined according to the number of contacts; the tooth inclination detection component is composed of a power-on sheet, an arc-shaped resistor plate and other components. When the gear rotates, the teeth contact the test rod to make the detection block drive the power-on sheet to move on the arc-shaped resistor plate, and the distance between teeth is obtained according to the current change of the second sliding rheostat and the speed and rotation time of the fifth motor, and the inclination angle of the teeth is fed back through the movement of the detection head, the current of the second sliding rheostat and the known gear height, so that the gear tooth depth, tooth number, tooth inclination and other data can be detected.

[0015] 2. After detecting the gear tooth depth, inclination angle and other data, the PLC controller controls the rotation angle of the second motor-driven rotating plate according to the pre-known tooth inclination angle, gear depth and other data, so that the disc grinding wheel grinder is consistent with the inclination angle of the gear teeth. It can also control the forward movement distance of the disc grinding wheel grinder, control its up and down movement distance according to the gear height, and adaptively adjust the rotation angle of the fifth motor according to the number of gear teeth to achieve uninterrupted fine grinding of the gears of the gear shaft. In contrast, the existing gear shaft manufacturing and finishing equipment can usually only grind the teeth of one type of gear shaft and cannot be applied to various gear shafts. However, it can grind gears in different situations according to the multiple detected data, thereby improving the applicability and grinding accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the protective shell of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the detection head of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of part A; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the detection head of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner part of the protective shell of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the second connecting plate of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the first and second threaded rods of the present invention.

[0018] 1. Operating table; 2. Round plate; 3. Round box; 4. Gear data detection mechanism; 41. Detection head; 42. Detection cavity; 43. Detection slot; 44. Tooth depth detection assembly; 441. Detection hole; 442. Permanent magnet block; 443. Conductive ring; 444. Detection rod; 445. Electromagnetic plate; 446. Plastic spring; 45. Tooth number detection assembly; 451. Fixed rod; 452. Detection block; 453. Test rod; 454. Fixed block; 455. Conductive ball; 456. Conductive plate; 457. Fixed plate; 458. Third electromagnetic telescopic rod; 46. Tooth tilt detection assembly; 461. Arc resistor plate; 462. Power-on sheet; 47. Protective shell; 48. Infrared transmitter; 49. First threaded rod; 410. Second threaded rod; 411. First limit Position rod; 412, first connecting plate; 413, threaded sleeve; 414, arc swivel; 415, second connecting plate; 416, rotating groove; 417, first sliding hole; 418, first limiting hole; 419, first electromagnetic telescopic rod; 420, first plug rod; 421, second sliding hole; 422, second electromagnetic telescopic rod; 423, second plug rod; 424, second limiting hole; 425, vertical plate; 426, rotating plate; 427, disc grinding wheel grinder; 428, second limiting rod; 429, L-shaped plate; 430, reciprocating plate; 431, reciprocating screw rod; 5, clamping mechanism; 51, L-shaped supporting plate; 52, rotating rod; 53, extrusion rod; 54, arc extrusion plate; 55, third limiting rod; 56, third threaded rod; 57, limiting plate; 58, chain transmission structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0021] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 9 , a speed reducer gear shaft manufacturing finishing equipment, comprising: An operating table 1, a fixing groove is provided at the top of the operating table 1, and a circular plate 2 is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the fixing groove; The gear data detection mechanism 4 includes a detection head 41 for detection. The detection head 41 is provided with a detection cavity 42 and a detection slot 43 arranged in upper and lower positions. A tooth depth detection component 44 is arranged in the detection cavity 42. A tooth number detection component 45 and a tooth inclination detection component 46 are arranged in the detection slot 43. The tooth depth detection assembly 44 includes a plurality of detection holes 441 formed in a linear array on the outer wall of the detection head 41, and the detection holes 441 are connected to the detection cavity 42. A resistance ring is embedded in the inner wall of the detection hole 441, and a conductive ring 443 in contact with the resistance ring is slidably disposed in the detection hole 441, and a detection rod 444 is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the conductive ring 443; The tooth depth detection component 44 also includes an electromagnetic plate 445 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection cavity 42, a plastic spring 446 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the electromagnetic plate 445, the other end of the plastic spring 446 is fixedly connected to a permanent magnet block 442 that magnetically repels the electromagnetic plate 445, the other end of the permanent magnet block 442 is fixedly connected to one end of the detection rod 444, a pressure sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the detection head 41, the conductive ring 443 and the resistance ring are electrically connected to a current detector, the current detector and the pressure sensor electrical signals are connected to a PLC controller to form a first detection circuit, the conductive ring 443 and the resistance ring constitute a first sliding rheostat, and when the conductive ring 443 slides on the resistance ring toward the test rod 453, the resistance of the first sliding rheostat in the first detection circuit gradually decreases.

[0022] The tooth number detection assembly 45 includes a fixing rod 451 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection slot 43, a detection block 452 elastically hinged on the outer wall of the fixing rod 451, a test rod 453 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection block 452 away from the detection head 41, a fixing block 454 fixedly connected to the top of the detection block 452, a conductive ball 455 fixedly connected to the top of the fixing block 454, and a conductive plate 456 intermittently contacting the conductive ball 455 slidably connected to the inner top wall of the detection slot 43; The tooth number detection component 45 also includes a fixed plate 457 fixedly connected to the top wall of the detection groove 43, and the outer wall of the fixed plate 457 is fixedly connected to the third electromagnetic telescopic rod 458, the telescopic end of the third electromagnetic telescopic rod 458 is fixedly connected to the conductive plate 456, the conductive plate 456 is electrically connected to the current detector to form a second detection circuit, the PLC controller is electrically connected to the third electromagnetic telescopic rod 458 and the electromagnetic plate 445 to form a regulation circuit, and the third electromagnetic telescopic rod 458 is energized after the tooth depth detection is completed, thereby retracting the conductive plate 456.

[0023] The tooth inclination detection component 46 includes an arc-shaped resistor plate 461 fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the detection groove 43, and a power-carrying piece 462 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection block 452 away from the test rod 453. The power-carrying piece 462 is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the arc-shaped resistor plate 461. The power-carrying piece 462 and the arc-shaped resistor plate 461 are electrically connected to the current detector and form a third detection circuit. The power-carrying piece 462 and the arc-shaped resistor plate 461 constitute a second sliding rheostat. During the sliding process of the power-carrying piece 462 on the arc-shaped resistor plate 461 toward the two sides of the arc-shaped resistor plate 461, the resistance of the second sliding rheostat in the third detection circuit gradually decreases.

[0024] A protective shell 47 is slidably provided at the top of the operating table 1, a first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell 47, a first threaded rod 49 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, a second threaded rod 410 is rotatably contacted at the bottom end of the first threaded rod 49, a bottom end of the second threaded rod 410 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the protective shell 47, a first limiting rod 411 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 47, a first connecting plate 412 is sleeved on the outer walls of the first threaded rod 49 and the second threaded rod 410, and the first limiting rod 411 slides through the first connecting plate 412, and an outer wall of the first connecting plate 412 is fixedly connected to an outer wall of the detection head 41; The outer walls of the first threaded rod 49 and the second threaded rod 410 are sleeved with a threaded sleeve 413, the outer wall of the threaded sleeve 413 is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped swivel ring 414, the outer wall of the threaded sleeve 413 is rotatably provided with a second connecting plate 415, and the first limiting rod 411 slides through the second connecting plate 415, the inner circumferential wall of the second connecting plate 415 is fixedly provided with a rotating groove 416, the rotating groove 416 is rotatably connected with the arc-shaped swivel ring 414, the inner circumferential wall of the second connecting plate 415 is provided with a first sliding hole 417, the outer circumferential wall of the threaded sleeve 413 is provided with a first limiting hole 418, the inner wall of the first sliding hole 417 is fixedly connected with a first electromagnetic telescopic rod 419, the telescopic end of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod 419 is fixedly connected with a first plug rod 420, and the first plug rod 420 is engaged with the first limiting hole 418.

[0025] After the data detection of the gear is completed, the first connecting plate 412 is controlled by the PLC controller to return to the initial state, and then the first electromagnetic telescopic rod 419 is energized, so that the first electromagnetic telescopic rod 419 drives the first plug rod 420 to be pulled out from the first limiting hole 418, and at the same time, the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 422 is energized, and the second plug rod 423 is pushed forward by the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 422. When the second limiting hole 424 of the threaded sleeve 413 is opposite to the second sliding hole 421, the second plug rod 423 is inserted into the second sliding hole 421, so that the threaded sleeve 413 and the second connecting plate 415 are connected together. Therefore, the second connecting plate 415 can slide outside the first limiting rod 411 through the rotation of the first threaded rod 49 and the limiting of the second connecting plate 415 by the first limiting rod 411; A second sliding hole 421 is provided at the bottom end of the first threaded rod 49, and a second electromagnetic telescopic rod 422 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the second sliding hole 421, and a second plug rod 423 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 422. A second limiting hole 424 is provided at the top end of the second threaded rod 410, and the second plug rod 423 is engaged with the second limiting hole 424. In the initial state, the first plug rod 420 is not in the first limiting hole 418, and the second plug rod 423 is in the second limiting hole 424.

[0026] The outer wall of the second connecting plate 415 is fixedly connected to the vertical plate 425, the outer wall of the vertical plate 425 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 426, the outer wall of the rotating plate 426 is detachably provided with a disc grinding wheel grinder 427, and the outer wall on the other side of the vertical plate 425 is fixedly connected to the second motor for driving the rotating plate 426. The PLC controller is connected with the first motor, the disc grinding wheel grinder 427, the second motor, the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 422, and the first electromagnetic telescopic rod 419 by electrical signals to form a driving circuit.

[0027] The top of the operating table 1 is fixedly connected to an L-shaped plate 429, the top of the L-shaped plate 429 is fixedly connected to a third motor, the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw rod 431, the outer wall of the reciprocating screw rod 431 is sleeved with a reciprocating plate 430, the inner top of the L-shaped plate 429 and the upper top of the operating table 1 are fixedly connected to a second limiting rod 428, the second limiting rod 428 slides through the reciprocating plate 430, and the outer wall of the reciprocating plate 430 away from the L-shaped plate 429 is fixedly connected to an infrared emitter 48. An infrared receiving board for receiving infrared rays emitted by the infrared transmitter 48 is embedded in the inner wall of the protective shell 47. The infrared receiving board, the infrared transmitter 48 and the PLC controller are electrically connected to form a fourth detection circuit, wherein the initial position of the infrared transmitter 48 is at the lowest point of the reciprocating screw 431, the upper end of the infrared receiving board and the lowest point of the upper arc-shaped extrusion plate 54 are at the same horizontal plane, and the lower end of the infrared receiving board and the highest point of the lower arc-shaped extrusion plate 54 are at the same horizontal plane.

[0028] It also includes a clamping mechanism 5, which includes an L-shaped support plate 51 fixedly connected to the top of the operating table 1, three rotating rods 52 arranged in a circumferential array are rotatably arranged on the top of the circular plate 2 and the upper bottom surface of the L-shaped support plate 51, the outer wall of the rotating rod 52 is fixedly connected to an extrusion rod 53, the other end of the extrusion rod 53 is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped extrusion plate 54, the inner circumferential walls of the three arc-shaped extrusion plates 54 at the top are rotatably arranged with balls, the top of the L-shaped support plate 51 is fixedly connected to a third motor, the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to one of the rotating rods 52 at the top, and the extrusion surfaces of the three arc-shaped extrusion plates 54 at the bottom are provided with anti-slip pads; The bottom end of the circular plate 2 is fixedly connected to a round box 3, and the rotating rods 52 at the bottom rotate through the bottom end of the circular plate 2 and extend into the round box 3. The bottom end of the round box 3 is fixedly connected to a fourth motor, and the output end of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to one of the rotating rods 52 at the bottom. The outer walls of the rotating rods 52 at the top and bottom are both transmission-connected to a chain transmission structure 58. The bottom end of the operating table 1 is fixedly connected to two symmetrical supporting legs, and a horizontal plate is fixedly connected between the two supporting legs. The top of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to a fifth motor, and the output end of the fifth motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the round box 3.

[0029] The outer wall of the L-shaped plate 429 is fixedly connected to the sixth motor, the output end of the sixth motor is fixedly connected to the third threaded rod 56, the top of the operating table 1 is fixedly connected to the limit plate 57, the third limit rod 55 is fixedly connected between the limit plate 57 and the L-shaped plate 429, the outer walls on both sides of the protective shell 47 are respectively fixedly connected with threaded connection blocks and sliding connection blocks, the threaded connection blocks are threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the third threaded rod 56, the third limit rod 55 slides through the sliding connection block, the PLC controller is electrically connected to the third motor, the fourth motor, the fifth motor, and the sixth motor to form a total control loop.

[0030] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: First, place the gear shaft that needs to be finely processed on the circular plate 2, and then start the third motor and the fourth motor to drive the upper and lower rotating rods 52 respectively, and then drive the remaining rotating rods 52 to rotate in the same direction through the chain transmission structure 58. The rotation of the rotating rods 52 drives the arc-shaped extrusion plate 54 to rotate toward the direction of the gear shaft. The gear shaft can be automatically squeezed at the center of the circular plate 2 through the extrusion of the arc-shaped extrusion plate 54.

[0031] Then the third motor is started, and the reciprocating plate 430 is limited by the second limiting rod 428, so that the reciprocating plate 430 drives the infrared transmitter 48 to move upward, and at the same time, the infrared rays emitted by the infrared transmitter 48 will be received by the infrared receiving board. As the infrared transmitter 48 moves to the position of the gear on the gear shaft, the infrared rays received by the infrared receiving board will decrease instantly. The reason is that the gear is on the propagation path between the infrared transmitter 48 and the infrared receiving board, which blocks the propagation of the infrared rays, so that the number of infrared rays that can reach the infrared receiving board is instantly reduced. This is the lowest point of the gear on the gear shaft. When the infrared rays received by the infrared receiving board instantly increase, this is the highest point of the gear on the gear shaft (when the infrared rays received by the infrared receiving board change, the infrared receiving board sends an electrical signal to the PLC controller). The calculation module in the PLC controller can know the distance the infrared transmitter 48 moves upward according to the running time and rotation speed of the third motor, and then know the position of the gear and the height of the gear.

[0032] The position of the gear is calculated by the above-mentioned PLC controller, the first motor is controlled to start, and the speed and time of the first motor are controlled, so that the first connecting plate 412 is moved to the same horizontal plane as the lowest level of the gear on the gear shaft. The first connecting plate 412 is moved as follows: the first motor drives the first threaded rod 49 to rotate, thereby driving the second threaded rod 410 to rotate synchronously, and the first limiting rod 411 is used to limit the first connecting plate 412, so that the first connecting plate 412 moves upward. When the first connecting plate 412 is moved, the first motor is turned off and the sixth motor is started through the PLC controller; The third threaded rod 56 is driven to rotate by the sixth motor, and the third limiting rod 55 is used to limit the threaded connection block and the sliding connection block, thereby driving the protection shell 47 to move synchronously, and then driving the detection head 41 to move forward until the pressure sensor in front of the detection head 41 senses the pressure signal and sends an electrical signal to the PLC controller, and the sixth motor is turned off by the PLC controller, and the position of the detection head 41 at this time is recorded. At this time, the detection head 41 is in contact with the side of the gear on the gear shaft; The electromagnetic plate 445 is energized by the PLC controller, and the electromagnetic plate 445 exerts a repulsive force on the permanent magnet block 442, so that the permanent magnet block 442 pushes the detection rod 444 to move forward. Since the gear has teeth, a part of the detection rod 444 will hit the teeth of the gear, and a part of it will hit the tooth groove of the gear. Therefore, the detection rod 444 that hits the tooth groove moves forward a long distance, and the detection rod 444 will drive the conductive ring 443 to slide in the resistor during the forward movement. Then, the current passing through the first sliding rheostat is detected by the current detector, and the depth of the tooth groove is fed back from the current passing through the sliding rheostat. Then the sixth motor is controlled to reverse through the PLC controller to reset the protective shell 47, and then the first motor is controlled to start through the PLC controller to make the detection head 41 rise a certain distance (this distance is pre-tested, so that the test rod 453 moves to the position of the above-mentioned detection rod 444, and the moving distance is consistent each time, because the distance between the detection rod 444 and the test rod 453 is the same, and the test rod 453 is at the lowest point of the gear at this time), and then the sixth motor is reversed again to move the detection head 41 to the above-mentioned position again. Since the test rod 453 is longer than the distance of the detection head 41, the test rod 453 can enter the tooth groove (manual observation is required at this time. If the test rod 453 hits the tooth groove, additional manual assistance is required to control the rotation of the fifth motor, and the fifth motor drives the round box 3 and the round plate 2 to rotate, thereby driving the gear shaft to rotate slightly, so that the test rod 453 is inserted into the tooth groove).

[0033] Then, the fifth motor is started by the PLC controller, which drives the gear shaft to slowly rotate 360 ​​degrees. Therefore, the gear shaft drives the gear to rotate, and then the teeth on the gear slowly hit the test rod 453, thereby driving the test rod 453 to tilt (because the test rod 453 and the detection block 452 are elastically hinged with the fixed rod 451, the detection rod 444 will be reset after each collision to continue the collision). The tilt of the test rod 453 will cause the detection block 452 to drive the conductive ball 455 to contact the conductive plate 456 through the lever principle. The number of times the conductive ball 455 contacts the conductive plate 456 can determine the number of teeth on the gear. Then, the fifth motor is started by the PLC controller, and the gear shaft is slowly driven to rotate by the fifth motor. When the gear teeth contact the head of the test rod 453, the detection block 452 drives the power-carrying sheet 462 to move slightly on the arc-shaped resistor plate 461. When the current passing through the second sliding rheostat changes, the fifth motor is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction by the PLC controller. When the gear teeth contact the head of the test rod 453 again after the reverse rotation, the current passing through the second sliding rheostat changes. At this time, the distance between the two teeth is obtained by the PLC controller according to the speed and rotation time of the fifth motor. At this time, the head of the test rod 453 is in contact with the gear teeth, so the first motor is started to move the detection head 41 upward. If it is a tilted gear, the tilt of the teeth will cause the detection rod 444 to tilt to one side, and the detection block 452 will drive the power sheet 462 to slide on the arc-shaped resistor plate 461. Due to the pre-tested gear height, the detection head 41 can be controlled to move to the same height, and then the current of the second sliding rheostat and the pre-known gear height can be used to feedback the tilt angle of the teeth. By knowing the inclination angle of the teeth, the gear depth and the gear depth in advance, the PLC controller can be used to control the rotation angle of the second motor-driven rotating plate 426, so that the disc grinding wheel grinder 427 is consistent with the inclination angle of the gear teeth, which is convenient for the disc grinding wheel grinder 427 to finely grind the gear, and the PLC controller controls the distance that the disc grinding wheel grinder 427 moves forward, so that the gear teeth can be fully ground, and the distance that the disc grinding wheel grinder 427 moves up and down can be controlled according to the height of the gear. According to preliminary testing, after the disc grinding wheel grinder 427 grinds back and forth twice, the disc grinding wheel grinder 427 will move downward a longer distance. At this time, the PLC controller is used to control the fifth motor to rotate a certain angle (the angle is adaptively adjusted according to the number of gear teeth, and the center of the gear shaft is unchanged, and the distance that the detection head 41 moves forward can be calculated, so the circumference of the outer ring of the gear can be obtained, so the rotation angle of the gear shaft each time can be known according to the number of teeth, and the gear of the gear shaft can be finely ground continuously).

[0034] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reduction gear shaft manufacturing finishing equipment, characterized in that: include: An operating table (1), wherein a fixing groove is provided at the top of the operating table (1), and a circular plate (2) is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the fixing groove; A gear data detection mechanism (4), the gear data detection mechanism (4) comprising a detection head (41) for detection, the detection head (41) having a detection cavity (42) and a detection slot (43) arranged in an upper and lower manner, the detection cavity (42) having a tooth depth detection component (44) arranged in the detection cavity, and the detection slot (43) having a tooth number detection component (45) and a tooth inclination detection component (46) arranged in the detection slot; The tooth depth detection assembly (44) comprises a plurality of detection holes (441) formed in a linear array on the outer wall of the detection head (41), and the detection holes (441) are connected to the detection cavity (42); a resistance ring is embedded in the inner wall of the detection hole (441); a conductive ring (443) in contact with the resistance ring is slidably disposed in the detection hole (441); and a detection rod (444) is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the conductive ring (443); The tooth number detection assembly (45) comprises a fixing rod (451) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection slot (43), a detection block (452) being elastically hingedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing rod (451), a test rod (453) being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection block (452) on a side away from the detection head (41), a fixing block (454) being fixedly connected to the top of the detection block (452), a conductive ball (455) being fixedly connected to the top of the fixing block (454), and a conductive plate (456) being slidably connected to the inner top wall of the detection slot (43) and being in intermittent contact with the conductive ball (455).

2. The manufacturing and finishing equipment for a reducer gear shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth depth detection component (44) further comprises an electromagnetic plate (445) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection cavity (42); a plastic spring (446) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the electromagnetic plate (445); the other end of the plastic spring (446) is fixedly connected to a permanent magnet block (442) that magnetically repels the electromagnetic plate (445); the other end of the permanent magnet block (442) is fixedly connected to one end of a detection rod (444); a pressure sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the detection head (41); the conductive ring (443) and the resistance ring are electrically connected to a current detector; the current detector and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to a PLC controller to form a first detection loop.

3. The manufacturing and finishing equipment for a reducer gear shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooth number detection component (45) further comprises a fixing plate (457) fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the detection slot (43); a third electromagnetic telescopic rod (458) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing plate (457); a telescopic end of the third electromagnetic telescopic rod (458) is fixedly connected to a conductive plate (456); the conductive plate (456) is electrically connected to a current detector to form a second detection circuit; and the PLC controller is electrically signal-connected to the third electromagnetic telescopic rod (458) and the electromagnetic plate (445) to form a regulation circuit.

4. The manufacturing and finishing equipment for a reducer gear shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooth inclination detection assembly (46) comprises an arc-shaped resistor plate (461) fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the detection groove (43); a power-carrying sheet (462) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection block (452) away from the test rod (453); the power-carrying sheet (462) is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the arc-shaped resistor plate (461); the power-carrying sheet (462) and the arc-shaped resistor plate (461) are electrically connected to the current detector to form a third detection circuit.

5. The manufacturing and finishing equipment for a reducer gear shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: A protective shell (47) is slidably provided at the top of the operating table (1), a first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell (47), a first threaded rod (49) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, a second threaded rod (410) is rotatably contacted at the bottom end of the first threaded rod (49), the bottom end of the second threaded rod (410) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the protective shell (47), a first limiting rod (411) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell (47), a first connecting plate (412) is sleeved on the outer walls of the first threaded rod (49) and the second threaded rod (410), and the first limiting rod (411) slidably penetrates the first connecting plate (412), and the outer wall of the first connecting plate (412) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection head (41); The outer walls of the first threaded rod (49) and the second threaded rod (410) are sleeved with a threaded sleeve (413), the outer wall of the threaded sleeve (413) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped rotating ring (414), the outer wall of the threaded sleeve (413) is rotatably provided with a second connecting plate (415), and the first limiting rod (411) slides through the second connecting plate (415), the inner peripheral wall of the second connecting plate (415) is fixedly provided with a rotating groove (416), the rotating groove (416) is rotatably connected with the arc-shaped rotating ring (414), the inner peripheral wall of the second connecting plate (415) is provided with a first sliding hole (417), the outer peripheral wall of the threaded sleeve (413) is provided with a first limiting hole (418), the inner wall of the first sliding hole (417) is fixedly connected with a first electromagnetic telescopic rod (419), the telescopic end of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod (419) is fixedly connected with a first plug rod (420), and the first plug rod (420) is engaged with the first limiting hole (418); A second sliding hole (421) is formed at the bottom end of the first threaded rod (49); a second electromagnetic telescopic rod (422) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the second sliding hole (421); a second insertion rod (423) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod (422); a second limiting hole (424) is formed at the top end of the second threaded rod (410); and the second insertion rod (423) engages with the second limiting hole (424).

6. The manufacturing and finishing equipment for a reducer gear shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the second connecting plate (415) is fixedly connected to a vertical plate (425), the outer wall of the vertical plate (425) is rotatably connected to a rotating plate (426), the outer wall of the rotating plate (426) is detachably provided with a disc grinding wheel grinder (427), the outer wall of the other side of the vertical plate (425) is fixedly connected to a second motor for driving the rotating plate (426), and the PLC controller is electrically signal-connected to the first motor, the disc grinding wheel grinder (427), the second motor, the second electromagnetic telescopic rod (422), and the first electromagnetic telescopic rod (419) to form a drive circuit.

7. The manufacturing and finishing equipment for a reducer gear shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the operating table (1) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped plate (429), the top of the L-shaped plate (429) is fixedly connected to a third motor, the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw (431), the outer wall of the reciprocating screw (431) is sleeved with a reciprocating plate (430), the inner top of the L-shaped plate (429) and the upper top of the operating table (1) are fixedly connected to a second limit rod (428), the second limit rod (428) slides through the reciprocating plate (430), the outer wall of the reciprocating plate (430) on a side away from the L-shaped plate (429) is fixedly connected to an infrared transmitter (48), the inner wall of the protective shell (47) is embedded with an infrared receiving board for receiving infrared rays emitted by the infrared transmitter (48), the infrared receiving board and the infrared transmitter (48) are connected to the PLC controller by electrical signals to form a fourth detection circuit.

8. The manufacturing and finishing equipment for a reducer gear shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a clamping mechanism (5), the clamping mechanism (5) comprising an L-shaped support plate (51) fixedly connected to the top of the operating table (1), the top of the circular plate (2) and the upper bottom surface of the L-shaped support plate (51) are both rotatably provided with three rotating rods (52) arranged in a circular array, the outer wall of the rotating rod (52) is fixedly connected with an extrusion rod (53), the other end of the extrusion rod (53) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped extrusion plate (54), the inner circumferential walls of the three arc-shaped extrusion plates (54) located at the top are rotatably provided with balls, the top of the L-shaped support plate (51) is fixedly connected with a third motor, and the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to one of the rotating rods (52) located at the top; The bottom end of the circular plate (2) is fixedly connected to a circular box (3), the rotating rods (52) at the bottom rotate through the bottom end of the circular plate (2) and extend into the circular box (3), the bottom end of the circular box (3) is fixedly connected to a fourth motor, the output end of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to one of the rotating rods (52) at the bottom, the outer walls of the rotating rods (52) at the top and bottom are transmission-connected to a chain transmission structure (58), the bottom end of the operating table (1) is fixedly connected to two symmetrical supporting legs, a horizontal plate is fixedly connected between the two supporting legs, the top end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to a fifth motor, and the output end of the fifth motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the circular box (3).

9. The manufacturing and finishing equipment for a reducer gear shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sixth motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the L-shaped plate (429), and a third threaded rod (56) is fixedly connected to the output end of the sixth motor. A limit plate (57) is fixedly connected to the top of the operating table (1), and a third limit rod (55) is fixedly connected between the limit plate (57) and the L-shaped plate (429). A threaded connection block and a sliding connection block are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both sides of the protective shell (47), respectively. The threaded connection block thread sleeve (413) is arranged on the outer wall of the third threaded rod (56), and the third limit rod (55) slides through the sliding connection block. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the third motor, the fourth motor, the fifth motor, and the sixth motor to form a master control loop.

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