A bathroom cabinet made of coconut shell material and a manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a bathroom cabinet made of coconut shell material and a manufacturing method thereof, and aims to provide a bathroom cabinet which is convenient to obtain raw materials, simple in processing procedure, low in production cost, and good in waterproofness, and a manufacturing method thereof. The technical scheme is that coconut shells are used as main raw materials for producing the bathroom cabinet. As renewable resources, the coconut shells can greatly reduce the dependence on wood resources, meet the concept of environmental protection, and can be recycled. The bathroom cabinet produced has high waterproofness and structural strength, can meet the use requirements of users, and is assembled through cutting, polishing and splicing in the production process, so that the surface is smooth and flat, and the coconut shells are tightly connected, and the use effect is good. The application is suitable for the technical field of living product production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of furniture in bathroom, more specifically, it relates to a kind of bathroom cabinet based on coconut shell material and its manufacturing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Bathroom cabinet is mainly used to supply water and drain when user washes, and bathroom cabinet generally includes cabinet, faucet and basin, bathroom cabinet is watered by external tap water or hot water faucet, and basin is drained by drain pipe, and it is one of important furniture in bathroom.

[0003] When producing bathroom cabinet, due to the high humidity of bathroom environment and poor ventilation, the waterproof performance of ordinary produced bathroom cabinet is poor, and after long time use, bathroom cabinet is prone to mildew, swelling, softening and other problems, which will produce odor and reduce the structural strength of bathroom cabinet, endangering human health, in order to avoid the above phenomenon, staff usually smears waterproof paint on the surface of bathroom cabinet during production, and adds spices in the interior of bathroom cabinet to avoid the odor emitted by bathroom cabinet, but the above technical measures are realized by adding additional materials in raw materials or production process during production, which leads to the increase of production cost, at the same time, part of waterproof paint will produce irritating odor during use, endangering human health, and cannot be used for a long time. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a kind of bathroom cabinet based on coconut shell material and its manufacturing method, which is convenient to obtain raw materials, simple in processing procedure, low in production cost, and the finished product has good waterproofness.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a kind of manufacturing method of bathroom cabinet based on coconut shell material, comprising the following steps: S1, raw material preparation: prepare enough number of coconut shell, so that the number of coconut shell can at least meet the manufacture of multiple bathroom cabinets, and the whole coconut shell should be intact without damage;

[0006] S2, raw material treatment: clean by water and brush, remove the flesh residue in coconut shell and the dirt and impurities on the surface of coconut shell, and place in well-ventilated place after cleaning to dry, to ensure that there is no water residue in coconut shell;

[0007] S3, prepare splicing material: prepare the auxiliary materials needed in the manufacture of bathroom cabinet, including glue, keel, support frame and sandpaper;

[0008] S4, design basic framework: according to the design requirements of bathroom cabinet to be manufactured, determine the size of bathroom cabinet framework;

[0009] S5, manufacturing base frame: cutting the keel according to the size of the bathroom cabinet frame designed in step S4 into the appropriate length, and splicing the cut keel to form a suitable base frame;

[0010] S6, coconut shell processing: according to the size of the frame, cut the coconut shell into the appropriate shape to match the base frame;

[0011] S7, splice frame: apply glue on the base frame, splice the cut coconut shell on the frame, and wait for the glue to dry and solidify;

[0012] S8, surface polishing: after the coconut shell splicing is completed, polish the surface of the coconut shell to remove burrs and uneven parts on the surface of the coconut shell, so that the surface of the coconut shell is smooth and comfortable to the touch;

[0013] S9, surface treatment: after polishing, paint or oil the outer surface of the coconut shell;

[0014] S10, accessory installation: according to the manufacturing requirements of the bathroom cabinet, reserve positions for installing the sink and faucet on the frame, and after installing the faucet and sink, apply sealant to the connection between the faucet and the coconut shell and the connection between the sink and the coconut shell to ensure tight connection.

[0015] The application further provides that the glue in step S3 is phenolic resin glue or polyurethane glue, and the sandpaper is one or more of 80 grit, 120 grit and 240 grit.

[0016] The application further provides that the coconut shell processing in step S6 further includes processing of the edge portion of the coconut shell, including the following steps: S611, drawing an arc profile to be processed on the surface of the coconut shell;

[0017] S612, polishing the coconut shell along the drawn arc profile to remove excess parts, so that the edge of the coconut shell gradually presents an arc trend;

[0018] S613, finely polishing the surface of the coconut shell again to remove scratches and rough surfaces left in step S612, ensuring that there are no obvious burrs and uneven places;

[0019] S614, after polishing, cut the coconut shell surface, mark the arc cutting line on the edge portion of the coconut shell;

[0020] S615, place the coconut shell on the workbench and fix it with a clamp to ensure that the coconut shell does not move during cutting;

[0021] S616, start the cutting device, so that the saw of the cutting device cuts the coconut shell along the cutting line to cut off the entire arc-shaped part;

[0022] S617, after cutting, polish the cutting part of the coconut shell to make the cutting part smooth to facilitate subsequent splicing.

[0023] The application further provides that the step S9 further comprises a painting or oiling method, comprising the following steps: S91, rinsing the surface of the coconut shell body to remove stains and dust on the surface of the coconut shell to improve the paint adhesion of the surface of the coconut shell;

[0024] S92, brushing a layer of paint on the surface of the coconut shell body and waiting for T time, after the T time period, detecting the dryness of the paint, if the paint is dry, jumping to S93 for surface polishing, otherwise, continuing to wait for the paint to dry;

[0025] S93, after the paint is dry, polishing the surface of the coconut shell again to remove the surface particles and uneven parts;

[0026] S94, after polishing, brushing paint again and waiting for the paint to dry, and the painting is repeated for 3 times;

[0027] S95, after the painting is completed, polishing the surface of the coconut shell to ensure that the surface of the coconut shell is smooth and flat.

[0028] Preferably, the polishing method in step S8 is polishing along the texture direction of the coconut shell.

[0029] Preferably, the processing of the edge part of the coconut shell in step S6 further comprises processing of the arc-shaped edge of the bathroom cabinet, comprising the following steps: S621, marking the required contour on the surface of the coconut shell based on the edge shape of the cabinet body;

[0030] S622, according to the shape of the contour of the surface of the coconut shell, removing the surface of the coconut shell by sandpaper so that the edge of the coconut shell presents an arc-shaped trend;

[0031] S623, after forming a general arc shape on the surface of the coconut shell, polishing the coconut shell again to remove the scratches and rough surface generated in step S622.

[0032] By adopting the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects are: 1. In the above process, coconut shells are used as the main raw material for the production of bathroom cabinets. Coconut shells are renewable resources, and using them as raw materials can greatly reduce the dependence on wood resources and meet the concept of environmental protection. At the same time, coconut shells can be recycled and used effectively. During the production process, by selecting intact and undamaged coconut shells, the quality of the bathroom cabinet can be actively controlled, reducing product defects and improving the pass rate of finished products. Furthermore, the growth environment of coconuts determines that the coconut shell body has good waterproofness and structural strength, so that the bathroom cabinet produced has high waterproofness and structural strength, meeting the user's use requirements. During production, the bathroom cabinet is assembled by cutting, polishing and splicing, ensuring a smooth surface and tight connection between the coconut shells.

[0033] 2. Further, in the process of producing bathroom cabinets, in order to improve the overall aesthetics of the bathroom cabinet and prevent the straight-edged bathroom cabinet from causing harm to the user, the edge of the bathroom cabinet needs to be arc-shaped during processing. By pre-designing the frame size and shape of the bathroom cabinet, it is convenient to cut and splice the coconut shells according to the frame of the bathroom cabinet, ensuring that the bathroom cabinet frame structure is stable and the size is accurate. When processing the coconut shells to fit the edge of the bathroom cabinet, an arc profile is drawn on the surface of the coconut shell, so that the edge of the bathroom cabinet formed by splicing the coconut shells has an arc profile. During the cutting and polishing process of the surface of the coconut shell, the arc-shaped part is cut off by the cutting device, and then the cutting part is polished to remove the uneven part and burr part, making the surface of the coconut shell smooth and improving the overall aesthetics of the bathroom cabinet.

[0034] 3. At the same time, in order to further improve the waterproof effect of the assembled bathroom cabinet, paint and oil are applied to the surface of the coconut shell during assembly. Before painting and oiling, the surface of the coconut shell is washed to ensure its cleanliness, making it easier for paint and waterproof coating to adhere to the surface of the coconut shell. By applying paint or waterproof coating in layers, the bathroom cabinet as a whole can achieve high waterproofness. After painting is completed, the surface of the coconut shell is polished to improve its smoothness. The polishing method is to polish along the grain direction of the coconut shell, which minimizes damage to the surface structure of the coconut shell, making the polished coconut shell surface smoother and more uniform, ensuring the strength of the material and improving the hand feel and aesthetics of the bathroom cabinet surface.

[0035] 4. Furthermore, during the manufacturing process of the bathroom cabinet, sealant is applied to the joints between the coconut shells and between the coconut shells and other bathroom cabinet components. Specifically, since the bathroom cabinet is assembled from several pieces of coconut shells, the overall connection structure is loose and cannot evenly distribute the pressure on the cabinet. During assembly, it is necessary to ensure that the cabinet body formed by the coconut shells has a high degree of integrity to prevent it from breaking under pressure and affecting user experience. Simultaneously, the adhesive used is phenolic resin adhesive or polyurethane adhesive, which has high bonding performance and is suitable for... To meet the connection requirements of different materials, the coconut shell can be tightly bonded to other components, ensuring the tightness of the connected structure of the installed bathroom cabinet. Furthermore, the aforementioned adhesive maintains good stability at high temperatures and is not prone to issues such as decreased bonding strength or softening when exposed to hot water in the bathroom, effectively extending the service life of the bathroom cabinet. Simultaneously, the excellent waterproof performance of the materials effectively resists moisture erosion in the bathroom, preventing long-term dampness from causing adhesive failure, frame loosening, and detachment. It provides reliable structural support for the bathroom cabinet, extending its overall lifespan and ensuring reliable connections. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Fig. 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing method of a bathroom cabinet made from coconut shell material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Fig. 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing method of the coconut shell edge portion of a bathroom cabinet made from coconut shell material according to an embodiment of the present invention and its manufacturing method.

[0038] Fig. 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for painting and oiling a coconut shell surface in an embodiment of the present invention, which describes a bathroom cabinet made from coconut shell material and its manufacturing method.

[0039] Fig. 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing method for the curved edge of a bathroom cabinet, which is an embodiment of the present invention based on a bathroom cabinet made of coconut shell material and its manufacturing method. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Reference Figs. 1 to 4 The present invention provides a further description of an embodiment of a bathroom cabinet made of coconut shell material and its manufacturing method.

[0041] For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like, can be used herein for the purpose of illustrating one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is inverted, elements described as being on the "lower" side of other elements or features would then be oriented on "upper" sides thereof. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The devices can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

[0042] Also, the terms "first", "second", and the like, herein do not necessarily have to refer to quantities, but can be used to differentiate one component from another, by referring to one component as "first" and another as "second", without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between such components.

[0043] A manufacturing method of a bathroom cabinet based on coconut shell material, comprising the following steps: S1, raw material preparation: preparing a sufficient number of coconut shells, so that the number of coconut shells can at least meet the manufacturing of multiple bathroom cabinets, and the whole coconut shell should be intact without damage;

[0044] S2, treating the raw material: cleaning the coconut shell by water and brush, removing the flesh residue in the coconut shell and the sand and impurities on the surface of the coconut shell, and placing it in a ventilated place to dry after cleaning, to ensure that there is no water residue in the coconut shell;

[0045] S3, preparing splicing materials: preparing auxiliary materials needed in the manufacturing process of the bathroom cabinet, including glue, keel, support frame and sandpaper;

[0046] S4, designing the basic frame: determining the size of the bathroom cabinet frame according to the design requirements of the bathroom cabinet to be manufactured;

[0047] S5, manufacturing the basic frame: cutting the keel into appropriate length according to the size of the bathroom cabinet frame designed in step S4, and splicing the cut keel to form a suitable basic frame;

[0048] S6, coconut shell processing: cutting the coconut shell into a suitable shape according to the size of the frame to match the basic frame;

[0049] S7, splicing the frame: applying glue on the basic frame, splicing the cut coconut shell on the frame, and waiting for the glue to dry and solidify;

[0050] S8, surface polishing: polishing the surface of the coconut shell after splicing is completed, removing burrs and uneven parts on the surface of the coconut shell, so that the surface of the coconut shell is smooth and comfortable to touch;

[0051] S9, surface treatment: after sanding, paint or oil the outer surface of the coconut shell;

[0052] S10, accessory installation: according to the manufacturing requirements of the bathroom cabinet, reserve positions for installing the sink and faucet on the frame, and after installing the faucet and sink, apply sealant to the connection between the faucet and the coconut shell and the connection between the sink and the coconut shell to ensure tight connection.

[0053] The glue in step S3 is phenolic resin glue or polyurethane glue, and the sandpaper is one or more of 80 grit, 120 grit, and 240 grit.

[0054] The application further provides that the coconut shell processing in step S6 also includes processing of the edge portion of the coconut shell, including the following steps: S611, drawing an arc-shaped contour to be processed on the surface of the coconut shell;

[0055] S612, sanding the coconut shell along the drawn arc-shaped contour to remove excess portions, so that the edge of the coconut shell gradually presents an arc-shaped trend;

[0056] S613, finely sanding the surface of the coconut shell again to remove scratches and rough surfaces left in step S612, ensuring that there are no obvious burrs and uneven places;

[0057] S614, after sanding, cutting the surface of the coconut shell, marking an arc-shaped cutting line on the edge portion of the coconut shell;

[0058] S615, placing the coconut shell on the workbench and fixing it with a clamp to ensure that the coconut shell does not move during cutting;

[0059] S616, starting the cutting device so that the saw of the cutting device cuts the coconut shell along the cutting line to cut off the entire arc-shaped portion;

[0060] S617, after cutting, sanding the cut portion of the coconut shell to make the cut portion smooth to facilitate subsequent splicing.

[0061] The step S9 also includes a painting or oiling method, including the following steps: S91, rinsing the surface of the coconut shell to remove dirt and stains on the surface of the coconut shell to improve the paint adhesion of the surface of the coconut shell;

[0062] S92, apply a layer of paint to the surface of the coconut shell and wait for T time, after T time, detect the dryness of the paint, if the paint is dry, go to S93 for surface sanding, otherwise, continue to wait for the paint to dry;

[0063] S93, after the paint is dry, the surface of the coconut shell is polished again to remove the surface particles and uneven parts;

[0064] S94, after polishing, paint is applied again and dried, and the painting is continued for 3 times;

[0065] S95, after painting, the surface of the coconut shell is polished to ensure the smoothness of the surface of the coconut shell.

[0066] Preferably, the polishing method in step S8 is polishing along the texture direction of the coconut shell.

[0067] Preferably, the processing of the edge part of the coconut shell in step S6 further comprises processing of the arc-shaped edge of the bathroom cabinet, comprising the following steps: S621, based on the edge shape of the cabinet body, marking the required contour on the surface of the coconut shell;

[0068] S622, according to the shape of the contour of the surface of the coconut shell, the surface of the coconut shell is removed by sandpaper, so that the edge of the coconut shell presents an arc-shaped trend;

[0069] S623, after forming a general arc on the surface of the coconut shell, the coconut shell is polished again to remove the scratches and rough surface produced in step S622.

[0070] In the above process, coconut shell is used as the main raw material for the production of bathroom cabinet. As a renewable resource, the use of coconut shell as raw material can greatly reduce the dependence on wood resources and meet the concept of environmental protection. At the same time, the coconut shell can be recycled and used effectively. In the production process, by selecting intact and undamaged coconut shells, the quality of the bathroom cabinet can be actively controlled, the defects of the product can be reduced, and the qualified rate of the finished product can be improved. In addition, the growth environment of coconut determines that the coconut shell has good waterproofness and structural strength, so that the produced bathroom cabinet also has high waterproof performance and structural strength, which can meet the use requirements of users. In the production process, the assembly of the bathroom cabinet is realized by cutting, polishing and splicing, which ensures the smoothness of the surface and the close connection between the coconut shells, and the use effect is good.

[0071] Further, in the process of producing the bathroom cabinet, in order to improve the overall appearance of the bathroom cabinet, while preventing the straight-angled edge of the bathroom cabinet from causing harm to the user, the edge part of the bathroom cabinet needs to be arc-shaped during processing. By pre-designing the frame size and shape of the bathroom cabinet, it is convenient to cut and splice the coconut shell according to the frame of the bathroom cabinet, which can ensure the stability of the bathroom cabinet frame structure, the accuracy of the size, and when processing the coconut shell to fit the edge part of the bathroom cabinet, by drawing an arc profile on the surface of the coconut shell, the edge part of the bathroom cabinet formed by splicing the coconut shell has an arc profile, and during the cutting and polishing process of the surface of the coconut shell, after cutting off the arc-shaped part by the cutting device, the cutting part is polished to remove the uneven part and burr part at the cutting part, so that the surface of the coconut shell is smooth and flat, improving the overall appearance of the bathroom cabinet.

[0072] At the same time, in order to further improve the waterproof effect of the assembled bathroom cabinet, by painting and oiling the surface of the coconut shell during assembly, the surface of the coconut shell is washed in advance before painting and oiling to ensure the cleanliness of the surface of the coconut shell, so that the paint and waterproof coating can be easily attached to the surface of the coconut shell, and by applying paint or waterproof coating in multiple layers, the overall bathroom cabinet can achieve high waterproof effect, and after painting is completed, the surface of the coconut shell is polished to improve the flatness of the surface, and the polishing method is to polish along the texture direction of the coconut shell, which minimizes the damage to the surface structure of the coconut shell, so that the polished coconut shell surface is smoother and more uniform, ensuring the strength of the material and improving the hand feeling and appearance of the bathroom cabinet surface.

[0073] And, in the process of processing the bathroom cabinet, by the connecting place between the coconut shell and the coconut shell and the connecting place between the coconut shell and the rest of the bathroom cabinet accessories are coated with sealant, specifically, because the whole bathroom cabinet is assembled by several pieces of coconut shell, the overall connection structure is loose, and the pressure received by the bathroom cabinet cannot be evenly dispersed, the coconut shell formed during the assembly of the cabinet body needs to have high integrity, so as to prevent it from breaking after being subjected to pressure, affecting the use of the user, at the same time, the glue adopts phenolic resin glue or polyurethane glue, which has high bonding performance, can adapt to the connection requirements of different materials, can tightly fit the coconut shell and the rest of the components, ensure the tightness of the connection structure of the installed bathroom cabinet, and the above-mentioned glue can keep good stability at high temperature, and is not easy to appear the problems of adhesion strength reduction, glue softening and the like under the influence of hot water in the bathroom, can effectively prolong the service life of the bathroom cabinet, at the same time, the above-mentioned material has good waterproof performance, can effectively resist the water vapor erosion in the bathroom, avoid the adhesion failure caused by the long-term damp of the bathroom cabinet, cause the frame to loosen and fall off, can provide reliable structural support for the bathroom cabinet, prolong the service life of the whole bathroom cabinet, and ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0074] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art can make common changes and replacements within the technical scheme of the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A manufacturing method of a bathroom cabinet made of a coconut shell material, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, raw material preparation: prepare a sufficient number of coconut shells, so that the number of coconut shells can at least meet the manufacture of multiple bathroom cabinets, and the whole coconut shell should be intact without damage; S2, treating the raw material: clean the coconut shell with water and a brush to remove the flesh residue inside the coconut shell and the dirt and impurities on the surface of the coconut shell, and then place the cleaned coconut shell in a ventilated place to dry, ensuring that there is no water residue inside the coconut shell; S3, preparing splicing materials: preparing auxiliary materials needed in the manufacture of the bathroom cabinet, including glue, keel, support frame and sandpaper; S4, designing the basic frame: determining the size of the bathroom cabinet frame according to the design requirements of the bathroom cabinet to be manufactured; S5, manufacturing the basic frame: cutting the keel into appropriate lengths according to the size of the bathroom cabinet frame designed in step S4, and splicing the cut keel to form a suitable basic frame; S6, coconut shell processing: cutting the coconut shell into a suitable shape according to the size of the frame to match the basic frame; S7, splicing the frame: applying glue on the basic frame, splicing the cut coconut shell on the frame, and waiting for the glue to dry and solidify; S8, surface polishing: polishing the surface of the coconut shell after splicing to remove burrs and uneven parts on the surface of the coconut shell, so that the surface of the coconut shell is smooth and comfortable to the touch; S9, surface treatment: painting or oiling the outer surface of the coconut shell after polishing; S10, installing accessories: reserving positions for installing sinks and faucets on the frame according to the manufacturing requirements of the bathroom cabinet, and applying sealant to the connection between the faucet and the coconut shell and the connection between the sink and the coconut shell after installing the faucet and the sink to ensure tight connection.

2. The manufacturing method of a bathroom cabinet based on coconut shell material according to claim 1, characterized by, The glue in step S3 is phenolic resin glue or polyurethane glue, and the sandpaper is one or more of 80, 120 and 240.

3. The manufacturing method of a bathroom cabinet based on coconut shell material according to claim 1, characterized by, The coconut shell processing in step S6 further comprises the processing of the edge part of the coconut shell, comprising the following steps: S611, drawing the required arc profile on the surface of the coconut shell; S612, polishing the coconut shell along the drawn arc profile to remove the excess part, so that the edge of the coconut shell gradually presents an arc trend; S613, finely polishing the surface of the coconut shell again to remove the scratches and rough surface left in step S612, ensuring that there is no obvious burr or uneven place; S614, after polishing, cutting the coconut shell surface to mark an arc cutting line on the edge part of the coconut shell; S615, placing the coconut shell on the workbench and fixing it with a clamp to ensure that the coconut shell does not move during cutting; S616, starting the cutting device to cut the coconut shell along the cutting line with the saw of the cutting device to cut off the entire arc part; S617, after cutting, polishing the cutting part of the coconut shell to make it smooth for subsequent splicing.

4. The manufacturing method of a bathroom cabinet based on coconut shell material according to claim 1, characterized by, The step S9 also includes a painting or oiling method, including the following steps: S91, rinsing the surface of the coconut shell to remove stains and dust on the surface of the coconut shell to improve the paint adhesion of the surface of the coconut shell; S92, brushing a layer of paint on the surface of the coconut shell, and waiting for T time, after the T time period, detecting the dryness of the paint, if the paint is dry, then jump to S93 for surface polishing, otherwise, continue to wait for the paint to dry; S93, after the paint is dry, the surface of the coconut shell is polished again to remove the surface particles and uneven parts; S94, after polishing, the paint is brushed again and the paint is dried, and the painting is continued for 3 times; S95, after the painting is completed, the surface of the coconut shell is polished to ensure that the surface of the coconut shell is smooth and flat.

5. The manufacturing method of a bathroom cabinet based on coconut shell material according to claim 3, characterized by, The polishing method in step S8 is polishing along the texture direction of the coconut shell.

6. The manufacturing method of a bathroom cabinet based on coconut shell material according to claim 3, characterized by, The processing of the edge part of the coconut shell in step S6 also includes the processing of the arc-shaped edge of the bathroom cabinet, including the following steps: S621, based on the edge shape of the cabinet body, marking the required contour on the surface of the coconut shell; S622, according to the shape of the contour of the surface of the coconut shell, the surface of the coconut shell is removed by sandpaper, so that the edge of the coconut shell presents an arc-shaped trend; S623, after forming a general arc shape on the surface of the coconut shell, the coconut shell is polished again to remove the scratches and rough surface produced in step S622.

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