Complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure electrofluid jet printing manufacturing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a complex curved surface electromagnetic function structure electrofluid jet printing manufacturing device and method, and belongs to the technical field of advanced manufacturing, the complex curved surface electromagnetic function structure electrofluid jet printing manufacturing device comprises a machine body module, an outer cover shell module, a jet printing module and a control module, a numerical control G code program is generated by adopting a partition laying method, a machine tool driver is controlled by an industrial personal computer, and accurate execution of a complex curved surface jet printing path in the jet printing manufacturing process is completed in cooperation with a machine tool body and a movement module. According to the invention, high-precision, high-efficiency and damage-free manufacturing of multi-type and multi-material electromagnetic functional structures can be realized, and the method has the characteristics of full-flow automatic jet printing, fast forming, high efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of advanced manufacturing technology and relates to an electro-fluid printing manufacturing device and method for a complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure. Background Art

[0002] Electromagnetic functional structures are the basis for metamaterial devices to realize electromagnetic filtering, electromagnetic stealth, polarization deflection and other functions. Electromagnetic functional structures are usually composed of basic unit structures that are periodically arranged and combined along one or two dimensions. The unit shapes are varied and can be divided into four types: bandpass, bandstop, high-pass and low-pass according to the filtering characteristics. Nowadays, in order to meet the application requirements of miniaturization, lightweight and integration, electromagnetic functional structures need to achieve conformal, high-performance, high-precision, high-efficiency and damage-free manufacturing of complex curved electromagnetic functional structures, which has promoted the continuous innovation and development of electromagnetic functional structure manufacturing process methods and corresponding equipment in this field.

[0003] At present, the processing technology of electromagnetic functional structures includes laser etching, chemical deposition, spraying and other technologies. The above-mentioned process technologies have some application limitations in the process of application. For example, the high-energy laser beam used in laser etching will cause thermal impact and substrate damage to the functional structure; the chemical deposition method has high precision in manufacturing functional structures, but it requires expensive equipment, and it is difficult to achieve large-scale conformal manufacturing of functional structures for complex curved surface substrates; the spraying process is a high-efficiency preparation method for the functional structure of two-dimensional metamaterial devices, but the technology has poor precision. Faced with the increasingly complex use scenarios of electromagnetic functional structures and the low level of electromagnetic functional structure manufacturing, it is urgent to develop new process methods and corresponding supporting equipment to solve the problem that electromagnetic functional structures cannot be manufactured conformally, with high precision, high efficiency and without damage on complex curved surface substrates.

[0004] Electrofluidic printing technology is an emerging technology in the field of additive manufacturing. It uses the electrofluidic dynamic effect to focus and form different printing patterns, including droplets, jets, and sprays. Electrofluidic printing technology has many advantages, such as high resolution, wide material adaptability, simple process, efficient and environmentally friendly manufacturing process, etc. It can realize on-demand printing of various types of micro / nanoscale patterns. Since electrofluidic printing technology can accurately realize in-situ additive manufacturing, combined with precise relative motion control between the workpiece and the printing device, conformal manufacturing of pattern structures on curved substrates can be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to meet the requirements of high precision, high efficiency, no damage, conformality, etc. for the manufacture of electromagnetic functional structures on curved substrates, and to propose an improved manufacturing device and method for complex curved electromagnetic functional structures. In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, some embodiments of the present application propose a complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure electrofluid printing manufacturing device, which includes a body module, a printing module and a control module; the body module includes a bed part and a moving part; the printing module is installed on the body module, and is configured to cooperate with the moving part to realize all-round printing of the curved surface substrate; the control module is coupled to the printing module and the body module, and is used to coordinate and control the real-time movement of the moving part and adjust the printing parameters of the printing module.

[0006] In some embodiments, the bed body part includes a base, a slide, a saddle, a bed, and a support seat; the bed is installed above the base, the slide is installed on the X-axis slider on the upper surface of the bed, and the Y-axis and X-axis are installed on the slide; the saddle is installed on the Y-axis linear guide, and the Z-axis is installed on the saddle; the support seat is installed on the base; the moving part includes the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and B / C rotating axis; the X-axis linear guide in the X-axis is fixed on the upper surface of the bed, and the X-axis slider is fixed on the lower surface of the slide and cooperates with the X-axis linear guide; the Y-axis linear guide in the Y-axis is fixed on the lower surface of the saddle, and the Y-axis slider is fixed on the slide surface and cooperates with the Y-axis linear guide; the Z-axis linear guide in the Z-axis is fixed on the back of the pallet, and the Z-axis slider is fixed on the front surface of the saddle and cooperates with the Z-axis linear guide; the B / C rotating axis is fixed on the bed and the support seat, and the circular disk surface fixed to the C-axis in the B / C rotating axis is a turntable workbench, which is provided with a fixture and hole positions for mounting the workpiece.

[0007] In some embodiments, the printing module includes an electrospray valve, a material storage tube, an auxiliary U-axis, a nozzle replacement device, a clamp, a third adapter plate, a first adapter plate, a pallet, an auxiliary Z-axis, a second adapter plate, an auxiliary X / Y-axis, a micro-displacement stage, a laser curing device, an observation camera, a positioning camera, and a laser rangefinder; the auxiliary Z-axis is fixed on the first adapter plate, the first adapter plate is fixed to the pallet, the auxiliary X / Y-axis is fixed to the second adapter plate, and the second adapter plate is fixed to the auxiliary Z-axis; the electrospray valve, the laser rangefinder, and the positioning camera are all fixed to the third adapter plate through a clamp, and the functional material storage tube is connected to the electrospray valve; the laser curing device and the observation camera are fixed to the third adapter plate through a micro-displacement stage, and the third adapter plate is fixed to the X / Y-axis; the nozzle replacement device is fixed on the auxiliary U-axis, the auxiliary U-axis is fixed to the pallet, and the pallet is fixed to the Z-axis.

[0008] In some embodiments, the control module includes a machine tool driver, a printing module driver, an industrial computer, a flow field controller, an electric field controller, and an operating table; the machine tool driver controls the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and B / C rotation axis to achieve movement, communicates with the industrial computer, and realizes direct control of the machine tool drive box by the operating table; the printing module driver controls the electrostatic printing valve, auxiliary X / Y axis, auxiliary Z axis, and auxiliary U axis to achieve initial trial printing motion control, and communicates with the industrial computer to realize direct control of the operating table; the output end of the flow field controller is connected to the electrostatic printing valve storage pipe to realize the supply of driving force, and communicates with the industrial computer to realize direct control of the operating table; the output end of the electric field controller is connected to the electrostatic printing valve to realize the application of electrical parameters, and communicates with the industrial computer to realize direct control of the operating table; the operating table is connected to the industrial computer to realize real-time display and control.

[0009] In some embodiments, the side shape of the second adapter plate is L-shaped, and the side shape of the third adapter plate is L-shaped rotated 90 degrees clockwise; the B axis of the B / C rotation axis can achieve ±110 degree swing, and the C axis can achieve 360 ​​degree rotation; the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and B / C rotation axis are interconnected through the deployment of the CNC system to achieve mutual linkage between the five motion axes.

[0010] Some embodiments of the present application propose a method for manufacturing the complex curved electromagnetic functional structure using the above-mentioned complex curved electromagnetic functional structure electrofluid printing manufacturing device, which uses the complex curved electromagnetic functional structure electrofluid printing manufacturing device described in any one of the above-mentioned items, and the method includes the following steps: determining the shape of the curved surface substrate, importing the substrate digital model into the functional structure paving software, paving the electromagnetic functional structure to be manufactured on the surface of the curved surface substrate, selecting the printing path trajectory, and exporting all the trajectories into a G-code program for machine tool movement; after the curved surface substrate is clamped to the turntable workbench, moving the printing module, finding the starting point of the printing manufacturing, and setting the starting point as the movement starting point and the printing starting point through the control module; again, starting the G-code program, and performing the printing manufacturing of the electromagnetic functional structure in sequence according to the program, and various auxiliary tools start working at the same time; finally, after the electromagnetic functional structure of the curved surface substrate is fully processed, it is removed from the turntable workbench.

[0011] In some embodiments, according to the method for electro-fluid printing manufacturing of complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structures according to the claim, the specific steps are as follows: Step S1: Fix workpieces with different shapes of substrates on a turntable workbench, determine the starting point and manufacturing size range of the workpiece printing manufacturing, and the type of the electromagnetic functional structure; Step S2: Import the model of the workpiece into the electromagnetic functional structure paving and path planning software in the industrial computer, and perform structural paving in different areas according to different curvature values ​​of the curved surface substrate to ensure that the deformation of the structure is minimized. After the paving of each area is completed, the path planning is completed through path teaching, and the paths of each partition are integrated into an overall program package, and the CNC G code path trajectory program is generated after the industrial computer completes the post-processing; Step S3: Install the functional material storage tube into the electro-fluid printing valve, connect the output port of the flow field controller to the storage tube, and connect the output port of the electric field controller to the electro-fluid printing valve; turn on the observation camera, positioning camera, laser rangefinder, and laser curing device; Step S4: Start the equipment power button and the electro-fluid printing control software, and complete the nozzle selection and replacement, trial spraying and installation positioning according to the type and accuracy of the sprayed structure with the help of the auxiliary X / Y axis, auxiliary Z axis and auxiliary U axis, and calibrate the follow-up position of the observation camera, laser rangefinder and laser curing device at the same time; Step S5: Start the generated CNC G code trajectory program, use the laser rangefinder to perform online scanning of the printing trajectory, the industrial computer calculates the real-time scanning spacing value and the set printing spacing value, and executes the printing program in sequence according to the trajectory program during the printing process, and performs real-time spacing compensation at the same time; Step S6: Make the operating console display the current printing program execution status in real time, correct and adjust the printing parameters according to the real-time image effect provided by the observation camera, and record the defective position of the electromagnetic functional structure for secondary precise printing repair; Step S7: After the printing is completed, move the workpiece to the disassembly area, and then finally cure the workpiece according to the curing requirements of the electromagnetic functional structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, in step S2, the electromagnetic functional structure is clad according to the curvature of different positions of the workpiece, that is, a performance-oriented microelement cladding method, specifically: for non-developable surfaces, when cladding, the overall performance of the structure is first simulated by simulation software to determine the allowable error size of the electromagnetic functional structure while meeting the performance requirements, and the error size is set to the theoretical maximum allowable deformation of the electromagnetic functional structure. Micro-areas are divided according to the measured curvature of the workpiece substrate, and the theoretical maximum allowable deformation is adjusted to the allowable maximum deformation according to the measured curvature. Finally, the cladding of the electromagnetic functional structure in the micro-area is completed within the error range.

[0013] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic functional structure processing accuracy that can be achieved by the method is: point structure relative standard deviation <5%, line structure dimensional accuracy ±5μm, surface structure film formation uniformity ≥95%.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S3, the material of the electromagnetic functional structure includes conductive metal paste, conductive metal ink, semiconductor polymer and glue material; in step S4, the automatic replacement and selection of the nozzle and the automatic adjustment of the printing parameters are realized. When selecting and adjusting the parameters of the nozzle: first, the viscosity of the functional material, the type of the electromagnetic functional structure, and the size of the electromagnetic functional structure are input into the parameter library, and the appropriate nozzle specifications and initial printing parameters are selected according to the database. The target electromagnetic functional structure is tested in the test printing area to check the quality of the test printing structure. If the quality is poor, the printing parameters are fine-tuned. : The beneficial effects of the present invention include but are not limited to: The present invention combines the electrofluid printing technology with the strategy of coordinating the posture adjustment movement of the curved surface substrate to develop a manufacturing device for the electromagnetic functional structure of the complex curved surface substrate and a corresponding method, thereby providing the optimal manufacturing solution for the electromagnetic functional structure of the curved surface substrate according to the material properties, precision requirements and substrate conditions.

[0015] In the electrofluid printing manufacturing device for complex curved electromagnetic functional structures provided in some embodiments of the present invention, the five-axis motion machine tool can adjust the posture position of the workpiece during the printing process. Since it has five degrees of freedom, the posture of the workpiece with any curved shape can be adjusted. On the basis of five-axis motion, the electrofluid printing part moves the printing valve to the specified position to start printing. Due to the various sizes and shapes of the functional structures, a nozzle replacement device is designed. The printing valve can automatically choose to change the nozzle type and switch the working mode according to the functional structure type. In order to compensate for the morphological error of the workpiece surface to meet the requirements of conformal manufacturing, the in-situ measurement of the workpiece surface is performed before the printing starts, and the measured data is compensated into the printing spacing during the printing process to achieve conformal manufacturing.

[0016] For non-developable surfaces, in order to improve the performance of functional structures, a performance-oriented micro-element draping method is proposed to reduce error deformation and improve performance indicators. In order to achieve online pre-curing of printed functional structures, a laser curing device is used to track the printing path to achieve pre-curing. During the printing process, professional CNC G-code programs are generated through path planning software to ensure high stability and controllability during the printing process. The electrospray valve uses professionally developed flow field controllers and electric field controllers for parameter adjustment, achieving high-precision, high-efficiency on-demand printing of multiple materials.

[0017] The device and method described in the present invention have the advantages of reliable structure, high manufacturing efficiency, high printing accuracy, wide material applicability, automatic regularization of printing path, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electrofluid printing manufacturing device for complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure and installation relationship of the electro-fluid printing manufacturing device for complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a printing module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the interior of the control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the installation positions of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis sliders and linear guide rails of the electrofluidic printing manufacturing device for complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structures according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the interior of the control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the workpiece and the B / C rotating axis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1 represents the body module; 2 represents the outer cover shell module; 3 represents the printing module; 4 represents the control module; 11 represents the base; 12 represents the slide; 13 represents the Y axis; 14 represents the saddle; 15 represents the Z axis; 16 represents the X axis; 17 represents the bed; 18 represents the B / C rotation axis; 19 represents the support seat; 31 represents the electro-jet printing valve; 32 represents the material storage tube; 33 represents the auxiliary U axis; 34 represents the nozzle replacement device; 35 represents the fixture; 36 represents the third adapter plate; 37 represents the first printing module bolt; 38 represents the first adapter plate; 39 represents the support plate; 310 represents the auxiliary Z axis; 311 represents the second adapter plate; 312 represents the auxiliary X / Y axis; 313 represents the micro-displacement stage; 314 indicates a laser curing device; 315 indicates an observation camera; 316 indicates a positioning camera; 317 indicates a laser rangefinder; 41 indicates a machine tool driver; 42 indicates a printing module driver; 43 indicates an industrial computer; 44 indicates a flow field controller; 45 indicates an electric field controller; 46 indicates an operating table; 131 indicates a Y-axis slider; 132 indicates a Y-axis linear guide; 151 indicates a Z-axis slider; 152 indicates a Z-axis linear guide; 161 indicates an X-axis linear guide; 162 indicates an X-axis slider; 181 indicates a first body bolt; 182 indicates a second body bolt; 183 indicates a turntable workbench; 184 indicates a workpiece; 185 indicates a third body bolt; 186 indicates a fourth body bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the specific implementation modes of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In the present application, the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis B / C rotation axes refer to motion mechanisms in corresponding directions, respectively, wherein the X, Y, Z, B, and C directions are the directions represented by the coordinate systems in the accompanying drawings, respectively. The X-axis may refer to an X-axis motion module, which may include an X-axis drive unit, an X-axis linear guide, and an X-axis slider, wherein the X-axis drive unit may include, for example, an X-axis servo motor, an X-axis lead screw, and an X-axis nut; the Y-axis may refer to a Y-axis motion module, which may include a Y-axis drive unit, a Y-axis linear guide, and a Y-axis slider, wherein the Y-axis drive unit may include, for example, a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis lead screw, and a Y-axis nut; the Z-axis may refer to a Z-axis motion module, which may include a Z-axis drive unit, a Z-axis linear guide, and a Z-axis slider, wherein the Z-axis drive unit may include, for example, a Z-axis servo motor, a Z-axis lead screw, and a Z-axis nut. The B / C rotary axis can be a composite structure of the B axis and the C axis, wherein the B axis motion module can include a B axis rotary table; a B axis servo motor, a B axis encoder, a B axis reducer, etc.; the C axis motion module can include a C axis rotary spindle; a C axis servo motor, a C axis encoder, a C axis reducer, etc. Similarly, the auxiliary X / Y axis refers to a composite motion module in the X / Y direction, which also includes a drive unit, a guide rail, and a slider; the auxiliary Z axis is a motion module in the Z direction, which also includes a drive unit, a guide rail, and a slider; the auxiliary U axis is a motion module in the direction parallel to the X axis, which also includes a drive unit, a guide rail, and a slider.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure electrofluid printing manufacturing device of the embodiment of the present application includes four parts, namely, the fuselage module 1, the outer cover shell module 2, the printing module 3, and the control module 4. Among them, the fuselage module 1 is the mechanical structure part of the equipment, which is used to carry and determine the movement of the equipment; the outer cover shell module 2 is the peripheral protection part of the equipment, which plays the role of safety, protection, and easy operation; the printing module 3 is the functional core of the device to implement printing manufacturing, which determines the printing effect of the electromagnetic functional structure; the control module 4 controls the communication and feedback between the various parts of the equipment.

[0029] The combination of the fuselage module 1, the outer cover shell module 2 and the control module 4 can be defined as a five-axis motion machine tool, which provides motion conditions for the printing module 3 and the workpiece 184. The specific working relationship of the complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure electro-fluid printing manufacturing device of the embodiment of the present application is: the control module 4 coordinates and controls the X-axis 16, the Y-axis 13, the Z-axis 15, and the B / C rotation axis 18 through the control system; when printing a certain electromagnetic functional structure, the X-axis 16, the Y-axis 13, the Z-axis 15, and the B / C rotation axis 18 perform interpolation motion to adjust the real-time printing position on the curved surface substrate to be perpendicular to the electro-fluid printing valve 31; during the printing process, the printing module 3 adjusts its printing parameters to achieve on-demand printing of various types of electromagnetic functional structures. The above working relationship is continuously coordinated and adjusted to complete the preparation of the overall electromagnetic functional structure of the curved surface substrate.

[0030] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the internal structure of the machine tool is divided into two parts, namely the bed part and the moving part. The bed part is the mechanical body and load-bearing support of the device, providing installation positions for other modules of the device and ensuring the stability of the device; the moving part plays the role of adjusting the printing position and the workpiece position, and the moving part is installed at the predetermined position of the bed part by bolts.

[0031] The bed body part may include a base 11, a slide 12, a saddle 14, a bed 17, and a support seat 19. From the installation position, from bottom to top, the base 11 is installed on the bed 17 on the base, the slide 12 is installed on the bed, and the saddle 14 is installed. This is the support frame of the machine tool, which can all be processed by the lost foam casting process, which determines the stability and precision of the machine tool. In addition, installation positions of the X-axis 16, Y-axis 13, Z-axis 15, and B / C rotating axis 18 are reserved at the corresponding positions of these components. The base 11 is at the bottom, and the bed 17 is installed above the base 11 through the third body bolt 185. The bed 17 is connected to the slide 12 through the X-axis 16 and is located below the slide 12, so that the slide 12 can move along the X direction on the X-axis 16. The saddle 14 is connected to the slide 12 through the Y-axis 13 and is located above the slide 12. The Z-axis 15 is installed on the front surface of the saddle 14 so that it moves along the Y-axis on the Y-axis 13 together with the saddle 14. The Z-axis 15 includes a support plate 39, and the printing module 3 is carried on the support plate 39. The Z-axis 15 is configured so that the support plate 39 moves along the Z direction to drive the printing module 3 to move along the Z axis. The B / C rotating axis 18 is installed on the bed 17 and the support seat 19.

[0032] Specifically, the bed 17 is installed above the base 11 through the third body bolt 185; the slide 12 is installed on the X-axis guide rail 161 of the X-axis 16 on the upper surface of the bed 17, and the Y-axis 13 and the X-axis slide groove 162 with the slide rail 161 are installed on the slide 12; the Y-axis 13 includes a Y-axis slider 131 and a Y-axis linear guide 132 matched therewith, the saddle 14 is installed on the Y-axis linear guide 132, and the Z-axis 15 is installed on the front surface of the saddle 14.

[0033] The support seat 19 is mounted on the base 11 through the first machine body bolt 181. The base 11 is the bearing foundation of the machine tool, for the various components above the machine tool to be installed; the bed 17 and the support seat 19 play the role of fixing the B / C rotating shaft 18. Specifically, the base 11 provides a first platform 11A extending out of the bed 17 for mounting the B / C rotating shaft 18, wherein the first end of the B / C rotating shaft 18 is coupled to the first platform 11A through the support seat 19, and the second end is coupled to the bed 17. A workpiece 184 is mounted on the B / C rotating shaft 18, wherein the B rotation direction is defined as the rotation direction parallel to the XY plane, and the C rotation direction is defined as the rotation direction in the YZ plane.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, the first body bolt 181 is a fastening connector between the support seat 19 and the base 11; the second body bolt 182 is a fastening connector between the B / C rotating shaft 18 and the support seat 19; the turntable 183 is a circular disk surface fixed to the C-axis moving part in the B / C rotating shaft 18, on which there are fixtures and holes for installing the workpiece 184. The workpiece 184 is a curved surface substrate for printing electromagnetic functional structures, and the electromagnetic functional structure needs to be manufactured at the corresponding position on its surface according to the processing requirements; the third body bolt 185 is a fastening connector between the bed 17 and the base 11; the fourth body bolt 186 is a fastening connector between the B / C rotating shaft moving part 18 and the bed 17; the slide 12 is a bearing and sliding component, which determines the relative sliding of the X-axis moving part 16 and the Y-axis moving part 13, and the slide 12 also bears the weight of the saddle 14 and the Z-axis 15; the saddle 14 is a base for fixing the Z-axis moving part 15, which plays a role in stability and sliding. The base 11, bed 17, slide 12, saddle 14, support seat 19 can be processed as components through lost foam casting process. The material is, for example, ht300 gray cast iron. These components together constitute a complete bed structure, providing installation support and movement space for other functional parts.

[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 5As shown, the X-axis linear guide 161 in the X-axis 16 is fixed on the upper surface of the bed 17, and the X-axis slider 162 is fixed on the lower surface of the slide 12 and cooperates with the X-axis linear guide 161 to ensure smooth sliding; the Y-axis linear guide 132 in the Y-axis 13 is fixed on the lower surface of the saddle 14, and the Y-axis slider 131 is fixed on the upper surface of the slide 12 and cooperates with the Y-axis linear guide 132 to ensure smooth sliding; the Z-axis linear guide 152 in the Z-axis 15 is fixed on the back of the support plate 39, and the Z-axis slider 151 is fixed on the front surface of the saddle 14 and cooperates with the Z-axis linear guide 152 to ensure smooth sliding; the B / C rotating shaft 18 is fixed to the bed 17 through the fourth body bolt 186 and the first body bolt 181 is fixed to the support seat 19. The above motion modules can be linked to each other to achieve five degrees of freedom movement and realize the posture adjustment and positioning of complex curved surfaces.

[0036] The outer cover shell module 2 is a safety protection plate and a decorative plate on the outer periphery of the fuselage module 1, making the device not only beautiful but also safe, standardized and easy to operate. The material of the safety protection plate and the decorative plate can be a steel plate, which is processed by sheet metal technology, and the safety protection plate and the decorative plate are installed to the corresponding position of the fuselage module 1 by bolts.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the printing module 3 is an actuator for implementing the printing function, which plays a role in adjusting the printing parameters and printing specific electromagnetic functional structures on demand. The printing module 3 is installed on the fuselage module 1, and cooperates with the X-axis 16, Y-axis 13, Z-axis 15, and B / C rotating axis 18 to realize the full-scale printing of the curved substrate. The printing module 3 is not only an important component of the overall device, but also determines the quality of the printed electromagnetic functional structure on the workpiece. In some embodiments, the printing module 3 includes an electrostatic printing valve 31, a material storage tube 32, an auxiliary U-axis motion part 33, a nozzle replacement device 34, a fixture 35, a third adapter plate 36, a first printing module bolt 37, a first adapter plate 38, a support plate 39, an auxiliary Z-axis 310, a second adapter plate 311, an auxiliary X / Y axis 312, a micro-displacement stage 313, a laser curing device 314, an observation camera 315, a positioning camera 316 and a laser rangefinder 317.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, the auxiliary Z axis 310 is fixed on the first adapter plate 38, and the first adapter plate 38 is fixed to the support plate 39 by the first printing module bolt 37; the upper surface of the auxiliary X / Y axis 312 is fixed on the second adapter plate 311, and the second adapter plate 311 is fixed to the auxiliary Z axis 310, and the side shape of the second adapter plate 311 is L-shaped; the electro-jet printing valve 31 is fixed to the third adapter plate 36 by the clamp 35, and the functional material storage tube 32 is connected to the electro-jet printing valve 31; the laser measuring The distance meter 317 is fixed to the third adapter plate 36 through the clamp 35; the positioning camera 315 is fixed to the third adapter plate 36 through the clamp 35; the observation camera 315 is fixed to the third adapter plate 36 through the micro-displacement stage 313; the laser solidifier 314 is fixed to the third adapter plate 36 through the micro-displacement stage 313, and the side shape of the third adapter plate 36 is an L-shape rotated 90 degrees clockwise; the third adapter plate 36 is fixed to the lower surface of the X / Y axis 312; the nozzle replacement device 34 is fixed to the auxiliary U axis 33. The auxiliary U axis 33 is fixed to the support plate 39, and the support plate 39 is fixed to the Z axis 15.

[0039] Among the components of the above-mentioned printing module 3, the auxiliary X / Y axis 312, the auxiliary Z axis 310, and the auxiliary U axis motion part 33 complete the selection of the nozzle size of the printing valve corresponding to different electromagnetic functional structures and the test spraying of the electro-inductive printing valve 31 through the motion coordination of the nozzle replacement device 34. The above-mentioned printing module 3 is configured to realize the automatic replacement and selection of the nozzle of the printing valve, the switching of different working modes of the printing valve, and the follow-up adjustment of the nozzle of the printing valve according to the substrate morphology error through the coordination of the industrial control computer 43, so as to meet the electro-fluid printing of multiple types and multiple materials of electromagnetic functional structures.

[0040] Before the printing work begins, the functional material storage tube 32 is installed on the electro-printing valve 31, and the flow field controller 44 and the electric field controller 45 are connected, and the laser rangefinder 317, the positioning camera 316, the observation camera 315 and the laser curing device 314 are turned on at the same time. The flow field controller 44 and the electric field controller 45 determine the parameter adjustment during the printing process. The surface morphology error of the workpiece can be compensated by the laser rangefinder 317, the positioning camera 316 can quickly and accurately locate the printing starting point, the observation camera 315 can monitor the printing quality and printing status in real time, and the laser curing device 314 can pre-cure the electromagnetic functional structure in real time.

[0041] The control module 4 is installed on one side of the body module 1, for example, on the left side, and is used to coordinate and control the real-time movement of the moving part and adjust the printing parameters of the printing module. Figure 4As shown, the control module 4 includes a five-axis motion machine tool driver 41 , a printing module driver 42 , an industrial computer 43 , a flow field controller 44 , an electric field controller 45 and an operating console 46 . The machine tool driver 41 is configured to control the X-axis 16, Y-axis 13, Z-axis 15, and B / C rotating axis 18 to achieve movement, communicate with the industrial computer 43, and realize direct control of the machine tool drive box 41 by the operating table 46; the printing module driver 42 controls the electro-jet printing valve 31, the auxiliary X / Y axis 312, the auxiliary Z axis 310, and the auxiliary U-axis motion part 33 to realize the initial trial spraying motion control of the printing, and communicate with the industrial computer 43 to realize direct control of the operating table 46; the output end of the flow field controller 44 is connected to the electro-jet printing valve material storage pipe 32 to realize the supply of driving force, and communicates with the industrial computer 43 to realize direct control of the operating table 46; the output end of the electric field controller 45 is connected to the electro-jet printing valve 31 to realize the application of electrical parameters, and communicates with the industrial computer 43 to realize direct control of the operating table 46; the operating table 46 is connected to the industrial computer 43 to realize real-time display and control. The above control modules cooperate with each other to realize the posture adjustment of the curved surface substrate and the on-demand printing and manufacturing of the electromagnetic functional structure.

[0042] The machine tool driver 41 is respectively connected to the X-axis 16, Y-axis 13, Z-axis 15 and B / C rotating axis 18 to realize the power supply and motion control of the motor module of the moving part. Through the linkage cooperation among the five axes, the five-degree-of-freedom processing of the machine tool is realized, solving the device problem of conformal manufacturing of complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structures.

[0043] The industrial computer 43 is connected with the machine tool driver 41, the printing controller 42, the flow field controller 44, the electric field controller 45 and the operation table 46, wherein the operation table 46 can control the movement of the machine tool through the CNC G code program of the electromagnetic functional structure completed by post-processing; control the printing controller 42 through the electrofluid printing software to realize the operation of the printing module; control the flow field controller 44 to provide a stable driving force for the material storage tube 32 to achieve the appropriate amount of functional material; control the electric field controller 45 to create a high-voltage electric field for the electrostatic printing valve 31 to achieve the formation of a cone jet. On the basis of the above, the G code program of the five-axis machine tool is used to carry out the printing and manufacturing of complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structures.

[0044] Furthermore, each of the moving parts is a high-precision moving module component. The moving speed range of the X-axis 16, Y-axis 13, and Z-axis 15 is 0.42m / min, and the travel is 800mm, 400mm, and 600mm respectively. The positioning accuracy is 0.005mm, the repeat positioning accuracy is 0.003mm, and the straightness is 0.003mm. In the B / C rotating axis 18: the B axis can achieve ±110° swing, the C axis can achieve 360° rotation, the B / C rotating axis has a division accuracy of 10 arc seconds, and a repeat division accuracy of 5 arc seconds. The X-axis 16, the Y-axis 13, the Z-axis 15, and the B / C rotating axis 18 can realize mutual linkage between the five moving axes through the deployment of the CNC system, so as to realize the accurate positioning of the complex curved surface substrate and the accurate movement of the printing valve.

[0045] Furthermore, the printing module 3 cooperates with the flow field controller 44 and the electric field controller 45 to realize high-precision printing of functional materials on demand. The printing module 3 is a multifunctional printing system, including an electrostatic printing valve 31, a nozzle replacement device 34, a laser rangefinder 317 and a laser curing device 314. Among them, the electrostatic printing valve 31 can switch multiple working modes by changing the printing parameters to realize the preparation of different types of electromagnetic functional structures such as points, lines and surfaces; the nozzle replacement device 34 stores multiple types of nozzles, automatically selects the nozzle type according to the requirements of the printing structure accuracy and shape, and then completes the trial printing and positioning of the nozzle in the trial printing area; for the situation where the surface morphology of the curved substrate is poor within a small range, the laser rangefinder 317 performs scanning movement before printing, and the substrate error is compensated into the printing process during the formal printing; the laser curing device 314 performs the pre-curing of the printing structure to prevent the displacement or flow of the electromagnetic functional structure before curing, resulting in poor accuracy.

[0046] Furthermore, the workpiece 184 can be processed into various curved electromagnetic functional structures within the size range of 500mm in diameter and 700mm in height. The machining accuracy of the electromagnetic functional structure can achieve: relative standard deviation of point structure <5%, dimension accuracy of line structure ±5μm, and uniformity of film formation of surface structure ≥95%.

[0047] The embodiment of the present application also proposes a method for manufacturing a complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure by electrofluid printing using the above device, which mainly includes the following method steps: First, determine the specific shape of the curved surface substrate, import the digital model of the curved surface substrate into the electromagnetic functional structure paving software, pave the electromagnetic functional structure to be manufactured onto the surface of the curved surface substrate, and then select the printing path trajectory in sequence through the teaching function of the paving software, and export all the trajectories into G code programs for machine tool movement.

[0048] Secondly, after the curved surface substrate is clamped on the turntable workbench, the five-axis motion machine tool is moved to find the starting point of the printing manufacturing, and the starting point is set as the motion starting point and the printing starting point through the control module.

[0049] Secondly, the G code program is started to drive the electro-fluid printing manufacturing device for complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure to perform printing manufacturing of electromagnetic functional structure in sequence according to the program, and various auxiliary tools start working at the same time; Finally, after all the electromagnetic functional structures on the curved surface substrate are processed, the curved surface substrate is removed from the turntable workbench.

[0050] The specific implementation steps of this method are: Step S1: fix the workpiece 184 with curved surface substrates of different shapes on the turntable workbench 183, and determine the starting point, manufacturing size range, and electromagnetic functional structure type of the workpiece 184 for printing.

[0051] Step S2: Import the workpiece 184 model into the electromagnetic functional structure paving and path planning software in the industrial computer 43, and perform structure paving in different areas according to the different curvature values ​​of the surface substrate to ensure that the deformation of the structure is minimized. After the paving of each area is completed, the path planning is completed through path teaching, and the paths of each partition are integrated into an overall program package. After completion, the industrial computer 43 processes it and generates a G code program including all path trajectories.

[0052] Step S3: Install the functional material storage tube 32 into the electrojet valve 31, connect the output port of the flow field controller 44 to the storage tube 32, and connect the output port of the electric field controller 45 to the electrojet valve 31. Turn on the observation camera 315, the positioning camera 316, the laser rangefinder 317, and the laser curing device 314.

[0053] Step S4: Start the equipment power button and the electro-fluid printing control software. The printing module 3 will use the auxiliary X / Y axis 312, the auxiliary Z axis 310, and the auxiliary U axis 33 to complete the nozzle selection and replacement, test spraying and installation positioning according to the type and accuracy of the sprayed structure, and calibrate the following position of the observation camera 315, the laser rangefinder 317 and the laser curing device 314.

[0054] Step S5: Start the generated G code program, the laser rangefinder 317 will perform online scanning of the printing trajectory, and the real-time scanning spacing value and the set printing spacing value will be calculated by the industrial computer 43. During the printing process, the printing program will be executed in sequence according to the printing trajectory, and real-time spacing compensation will be performed at the same time.

[0055] Step S6: The operation console 46 displays the current printing program execution status in real time, and the observation camera 315 corrects and adjusts the printing parameters according to the real-time image effect, and records the defective position of the electromagnetic functional structure to facilitate secondary accurate printing and repair.

[0056] Step S7: After the printing is completed, the workpiece 184 is moved to the disassembly area, and the workpiece 184 is finally cured according to the curing requirements of the electromagnetic functional structure.

[0057] The following is a schematic diagram of the specific electromagnetic functional structure manufacturing process, namely Figure 7 , supplementary explanation of the specific manufacturing process operation method of electrofluid printing of complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure, the method may include the following steps: Step S1a: clamp the non-developable curved surface substrate workpiece onto the turntable 183, and then determine the printing manufacturing starting point and processing range of the hexagonal grid electromagnetic functional structure according to the shape of the non-developable curved surface substrate workpiece.

[0058] Step S2a: The five-axis motion machine tool is used to adjust the movement of the X-axis 16, the Y-axis 13, the Z-axis 15, and the B / C rotation axis 18, so that the electrostatic spraying valve nozzle and the target position of the substrate workpiece to be sprayed are adjusted to be perpendicular to each other.

[0059] Step S3a: Adjust the printing parameters of the printing module 3 so that the electrostatic printing valve 31 sprays the functional material to the target position, and combines with the five-axis motion machine tool to move along the hexagonal grid path to sequentially manufacture hexagonal electromagnetic functional structures on the workpiece. While manufacturing the electromagnetic functional structure, the laser curing device 314 follows the processed points of the electrostatic printing valve nozzle for pre-curing.

[0060] Step S4a: In the process of sequentially manufacturing the hexagonal electromagnetic functional structures, the positioning camera 316 is used to locate the starting point of the printing, so as to ensure that the relative positions of the sequentially manufactured hexagonal electromagnetic functional structures are accurate until the manufacturing is completed.

[0061] Furthermore, in the step S2, the electromagnetic functional structure can be clad according to the curvature of different positions of the workpiece 184, that is, a performance-oriented micro-element cladding method, which specifically includes: for non-developable surfaces, the overall performance of the structure is first simulated by simulation software during cladding to check the allowable error size of the electromagnetic functional structure while meeting the performance requirements, and the error size is set to the theoretical maximum allowable deformation of the electromagnetic functional structure, and micro-divided according to the measured curvature of the workpiece substrate, and the theoretical maximum allowable deformation is adjusted to the allowable maximum deformation according to the measured curvature, and then the electromagnetic functional structure in the micro-area is clad within the error range.

[0062] Furthermore, in the step S3, the material forming the electromagnetic functional structure includes conductive metal paste, conductive metal ink, semiconductor polymer and glue material.

[0063] Furthermore, the automatic replacement and selection of the nozzle and the automatic adjustment of the printing parameters in step S4 include: when selecting and adjusting the nozzle parameters, the viscosity of the functional material, the type of electromagnetic functional structure, and the size of the electromagnetic functional structure must first be input into the parameter database; then, according to the parameter database, the appropriate nozzle specifications and initial printing parameters are selected, and the target electromagnetic functional structure is tested in the test printing area; the quality of the test printing structure is checked, and if the quality is poor, the printing parameters are fine-tuned. The parameter database used is a printing parameter database established by machine learning, etc., based on a large amount of experimental data in the early stage.

[0064] In summary, the present invention provides a device and method for electrofluid printing manufacturing of electromagnetic functional structures with complex curved surfaces, which solves the problems of expensive equipment, poor manufacturing quality, low manufacturing efficiency, and inability to conformal manufacturing in the current manufacturing process of electromagnetic functional structures with complex curved surfaces. The proposed electrofluid printing manufacturing method and equipment for electromagnetic functional structures with complex curved surfaces innovatively designs a special printing machine for complex curved surface substrates. Through the coordination of five-axis motion adjustment and multi-functional printing modules, it can realize multi-type, multi-material, high-precision, high-efficiency, and non-destructive manufacturing of electromagnetic functional structures. It has the characteristics of full-process automation of printing, fast molding, and high efficiency, and has good application prospects in the fields of precision machining, micro-nano machining, etc.

[0065] The above-described embodiments merely express the implementation methods of the present invention, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for manufacturing electromagnetic functional structures with complex curved surfaces by electro-fluid printing, characterized in that: The invention comprises a body module (1), a printing module (3) and a control module (4); the body module (1) comprises a bed portion and a moving portion; the printing module (3) is mounted on the body module (1) and is configured to cooperate with the moving portion to realize omnidirectional printing of a curved substrate; the control module (4) is coupled to the printing module and the body module and is used to coordinate and control the real-time movement of the moving portion and adjust the printing parameters of the printing module.

2. The complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure electro-fluid printing manufacturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bed body part comprises a base (11), a slide (12), a saddle (14), a bed (17), and a support seat (19); the bed (17) is mounted above the base (11); the slide (12) is mounted on an X-axis slider (162) on the upper surface of the bed (17); the slide (12) is mounted on a Y-axis (13) and an X-axis (16); the saddle (14) is mounted on a Y-axis linear guide rail (132); the Z-axis (15) is mounted on the saddle (14); and the support seat (19) is mounted on the base (11); The moving part comprises an X-axis (16), a Y-axis (13), a Z-axis (15), and a B / C rotating axis (18); an X-axis linear guide rail (161) in the X-axis (16) is fixed on the upper surface of the bed (17), an X-axis slider (162) is fixed on the lower surface of the slide seat (12) and cooperates with the X-axis linear guide rail (161); a Y-axis linear guide rail (132) in the Y-axis (13) is fixed on the lower surface of the saddle seat (14), and the Y-axis slider (131) is fixed on the upper surface of the slide seat (12) and cooperates with the Y-axis linear guide rail (161). The Z-axis linear guide (152) in the Z-axis (15) is fixed on the back of the support plate (39), and the Z-axis slider (151) is fixed on the front surface of the saddle (14) and cooperates with the Z-axis linear guide (152); the B / C rotating axis (18) is fixed on the bed (17) and the support seat (19), and the circular disk surface in the B / C rotating axis (18) fixed to the C-axis is a turntable worktable (183), which is provided with a fixture and holes for mounting a workpiece (184).

3. The complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure electro-fluid printing manufacturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The printing module (3) comprises an electro-printing valve (31), a material storage tube (32), an auxiliary U-axis (33), a nozzle replacement device (34), a fixture (35), a third adapter plate (36), a first adapter plate (38), a support plate (39), an auxiliary Z-axis (310), a second adapter plate (311), an auxiliary X / Y-axis (312), a micro-displacement stage (313), a laser curing device (314), an observation camera (315), a positioning camera (316), and a laser rangefinder (317); the auxiliary Z-axis (310) is fixed on the first adapter plate (38), the first adapter plate (38) is fixed on the support plate (39), and the auxiliary X / Y-axis (312) is fixed on the second adapter plate ( 311), the second adapter plate (311) is fixed to the auxiliary Z axis (310); the electrojet printing valve (31), the laser rangefinder (317), and the positioning camera (316) are all fixed to the third adapter plate (36) through a clamp (35), and the functional material storage tube (32) is connected to the electrojet printing valve (31); the laser curing device (314) and the observation camera (315) are fixed to the third adapter plate (36) through a micro-displacement stage (313), and the third adapter plate (36) is fixed to the X / Y axis (312); the nozzle replacement device (34) is fixed to the auxiliary U axis (33), the auxiliary U axis (33) is fixed to a support plate (39), and the support plate (39) is fixed to the Z axis (15).

4. The complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure electro-fluid printing manufacturing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The control module (4) comprises a machine tool driver (41), a printing module driver (42), an industrial computer (43), a flow field controller (44), an electric field controller (45), and an operating table (46); the machine tool driver (41) controls the X-axis (16), the Y-axis (13), the Z-axis (15), and the B / C rotating axis (18) to achieve movement, communicates with the industrial computer (43), and realizes direct control of the machine tool drive box (41) by the operating table (46); the printing module driver (42) controls the electrostatic printing valve (31), the auxiliary X / Y axis (312), the auxiliary Z axis (310), the auxiliary U The shaft (33) realizes the initial test spraying motion control of the printing, and communicates with the industrial computer (43) to realize the direct control of the operating console (46); the output end of the flow field controller (44) is connected to the electro-injection valve material storage pipe (32) to realize the supply of driving force, and communicates with the industrial computer (43) to realize the direct control of the operating console (46); the output end of the electric field controller (45) is connected to the electro-injection valve (31) to realize the application of electrical parameters, and communicates with the industrial computer (43) to realize the direct control of the operating console (46); the operating console (46) is connected to the industrial computer (43) to realize real-time display and control.

5. The complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure electro-fluid printing manufacturing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The side shape of the second adapter plate (311) is L-shaped, and the side shape of the third adapter plate (36) is L-shaped rotated 90 degrees clockwise; the B axis of the B / C rotation axis (18) can achieve ±110 degree swing, and the C axis can achieve 360 ​​degree rotation; the X axis (16), the Y axis (13), the Z axis (15), and the B / C rotation axis (18) are interconnected through the coordination of the numerical control system to achieve mutual linkage between the five motion axes.

6. A method for manufacturing a complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure by electrofluid printing, using the electrofluid printing manufacturing device for a complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Determine the shape of the curved surface substrate, import the digital model of the substrate into the functional structure cladding software, clad the electromagnetic functional structure to be manufactured on the surface of the curved surface substrate, select the printing path trajectory, and export all the trajectories into the G code program of the machine tool movement; After the curved surface substrate is clamped onto the turntable workbench, the printing module (3) is moved to find the starting point of printing manufacturing, and the starting point is set as the movement starting point and the printing starting point by the control module (4); Again, the G code program is started, and the printing and manufacturing of the electromagnetic functional structure is carried out in sequence according to the program, and various auxiliary tools start working at the same time; Finally, after all the electromagnetic functional structures of the curved surface substrate are processed, it is removed from the turntable workbench.

7. The electrofluid printing manufacturing method for complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step S1: fix a workpiece (184) of a base body of a different shape on a turntable workbench (183), and determine a starting point and a manufacturing size range of the workpiece (184) for printing and manufacturing, and the type of the electromagnetic functional structure; Step S2: importing the model of the workpiece (184) into the electromagnetic functional structure paving and path planning software in the industrial control computer (43), performing structure paving in different regions according to different curvature values ​​of the curved surface substrate to ensure that the deformation of the structure is minimized, and after the paving of each region is completed, completing the path planning through path teaching, integrating the paths of each region into an overall program package, and processing after completion by the industrial control computer (43) to generate a numerical control G code path trajectory program; Step S3: installing the functional material storage tube (32) into the electro-injection printing valve (31), connecting the output port of the flow field controller (44) to the storage tube (32), and connecting the output port of the electric field controller (45) to the electro-injection printing valve (31); turning on the observation camera (315), the positioning camera (316), the laser rangefinder (317), and the laser curing device (314); Step S4: Start the power button of the equipment and the electro-fluid printing control software, and complete the nozzle selection and replacement, test spraying and installation positioning according to the type and accuracy of the sprayed structure with the help of the auxiliary X / Y axis (312), the auxiliary Z axis (310) and the auxiliary U axis (33), and calibrate the following position of the observation camera (315), the laser rangefinder (317) and the laser curing device (314); Step S5: starting the generated numerical control G code trajectory program, using the laser rangefinder (317) to perform online scanning of the printing trajectory, the industrial computer (43) calculates the real-time scanning spacing value and the set printing spacing value, and during the printing process, the printing program is executed in sequence according to the trajectory program, and real-time spacing compensation is performed at the same time; Step S6: enabling the operating console (46) to display the current printing program execution status in real time, and to modify and adjust the printing parameters according to the real-time image effect provided by the observation camera (315), while recording the defective position of the electromagnetic functional structure for secondary accurate printing repair; Step S7: After the printing is completed, the workpiece (184) is moved to the disassembly area, and then the workpiece (184) is finally cured according to the curing requirements of the electromagnetic functional structure.

8. The electrofluid printing manufacturing method for complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In the step S2, the electromagnetic functional structure is clad according to the curvature of different positions of the workpiece (184), that is, a performance-oriented micro-element cladding method, specifically: for the non-developable surface, the overall performance of the structure is first simulated by simulation software during cladding to determine the allowable error size of the electromagnetic functional structure while meeting the performance requirements, the error size is set to the theoretical maximum allowable deformation of the electromagnetic functional structure, micro-areas are divided according to the measured curvature of the workpiece substrate, the theoretical maximum allowable deformation is adjusted to the allowable maximum deformation according to the measured curvature, and finally the cladding of the electromagnetic functional structure in the micro-area is completed within the error range.

9. The electrofluid printing manufacturing method for complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electromagnetic functional structure processing accuracy that can be achieved by the method is: point structure relative standard deviation <5%, line structure dimensional accuracy ±5μm, and surface structure film formation uniformity ≥95%.

10. The electrofluid printing manufacturing method for complex curved surface electromagnetic functional structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step S3, the materials of the electromagnetic functional structure include conductive metal slurry, conductive metal ink, semiconductor polymer and glue material; in the step S4, the automatic replacement and selection of the nozzle and the automatic adjustment of the printing parameters are realized. When the nozzle is selected and the parameters are adjusted: first, the viscosity of the functional material, the type of the electromagnetic functional structure, and the size of the electromagnetic functional structure are input into the parameter library, and the appropriate nozzle specifications and initial printing parameters are selected according to the database. The target electromagnetic functional structure is tested in the test printing area to check the quality of the test printing structure. If the quality is poor, the printing parameters are fine-tuned.

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