Complex curved surface-oriented jet printing and measurement integrated electrogenerated jet printing head and use method of complex curved surface-oriented jet printing and measurement integrated electrogenerated jet printing head

Abstract

The invention discloses a jet printing-measurement integrated electrogenerated jet printing head suitable for a complex curved surface and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of advanced manufacturing, and the jet printing-measurement integrated electrogenerated jet printing head comprises a liquid supply jet printing module, a distance measuring module, an electric control module and a displacement adjusting module. The printing height is measured in real time through the distance measuring module, the measured height is fed back to a machine tool, the printing height of a spray head is adjusted to a proper range, the air supply device applies proper air pressure to the jet printing module, and meanwhile the electric control module is started to apply voltage with proper waveform and amplitude. Therefore, parameters such as printing height, air pressure and voltage are controlled to adjust the line width of a printed pattern, accumulation points are eliminated, and a microstructure meeting the use requirement is printed in cooperation with movement of a machine tool. The jet printing-measurement integrated electrogenerated jet printing head suitable for the complex curved surface can achieve high-efficiency and high-quality manufacturing of functional structures of different materials, and has the advantages of being high in jet printing precision, good in line width stability, small in jet printing pattern accumulation point and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of advanced manufacturing technology, and particularly relates to an electrostatic spray head integrated with spray printing and measurement suitable for complex curved surfaces and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The basic principle of electrohydrodynamic printing technology is to apply an electric field between the nozzle and the substrate. When the electric field force exceeds the surface tension of the liquid, the liquid at the nozzle outlet forms a Taylor cone, which in turn generates a continuous jet and deposits on the substrate. By continuously adjusting and optimizing the electric field strength, flow rate, distance between the nozzle and the substrate, and the movement speed of the mobile stage, high-precision patterns and structures can be stably and efficiently printed on tiny electronic components. It is widely used in the manufacture of various components of electronic equipment, such as circuit boards, chips, sensors, etc.

[0003] In recent years, the use of electrofluidic printing technology to manufacture curved electronic devices has attracted widespread attention. This technology is compatible with various types of printing pastes and can achieve efficient processing of microstructures on complex curved surfaces through printing path processing software. However, on complex curved surfaces, due to the irregular changes in curvature and substrate morphology, the printing height varies greatly, and the deposited microstructures are prone to defects such as uneven line width and broken lines, which seriously affect their performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve one of the above-mentioned problems of curvature changes and irregular changes in substrate morphology during complex curved surface printing, and to provide an improved integrated electrospray printing head and a method of using the same, which can measure the height when printing a microstructure and adjust the printing height accordingly based on the measured height data to ensure the performance of the printed microstructure.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, some embodiments of the present invention provide an integrated electrostatic spray print head for printing and measurement on complex surfaces, which is arranged on a machine tool, and includes a liquid supply printing module, a distance measuring module, an electronic control module and a displacement adjustment module. The liquid supply printing module stores printing ink and is connected to a glue dispenser through an air pipe, and air pressure is applied to it through the glue dispenser; the distance measuring module is used to measure the height in real time during the printing process, and feed back the measured data to the machine tool control system to control the machine tool to adjust the distance of the Z axis; the electronic control module is connected to a metal probe through a wire, and the metal probe contacts the metal nozzle in the liquid supply printing module to apply current to the printing ink; the displacement adjustment module is coupled to the liquid supply printing module and the distance measuring module to adjust the relative position relationship between the liquid supply printing module and the distance measuring module.

[0006] In some embodiments, the liquid supply printing module includes a liquid storage device, a nozzle fixing part and a nozzle; the liquid storage device is used to store the printing ink, and its bottom is connected to the nozzle through a nozzle fixing part; the nozzle fixing part has an axially arranged first chamber to accommodate and fix the nozzle, and also has a radial second chamber to accommodate and fix the metal probe, and the nozzle consists of two parts: a connecting part and a needle tip: a liquid guide passage is arranged in the connecting part for the printing ink to pass through, and the liquid guide passage is fixed inside the nozzle fixing part.

[0007] In some embodiments, the ranging module includes a laser emitting device, a laser receiving device, a data processing device and a data line interface; the laser emitting device is used to emit laser; the laser receiving device is used to receive the reflected laser, the laser emitting device and the laser receiving device are respectively placed on both sides of the nozzle, and then adjusted in combination with the displacement adjustment module so that the laser ranging point and the nozzle needle tip are located on the same vertical line, wherein the laser ranging point is the center point of each functional structure figure; the data processing device is placed above the laser receiving device, connected to the laser emitting device and the laser receiving device, and is used to process and calculate the received signals; the data line interface of the ranging module is used to connect the data line to transmit data to the machine tool control system.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second chamber includes a first radial cylindrical cavity to accommodate and fix the metal probe; the second radial cylindrical cavity has a smaller diameter and serves as a passage for the wire connecting the metal probe; the third radial cylindrical cavity has a larger diameter, and the wire is connected to the electronic control module through the third radial cylindrical cavity; the connecting wire of the metal probe is in contact with the metal nozzle to achieve conductivity, and the nozzle fixing part is made of insulating and high-temperature resistant material.

[0009] In some embodiments, the needle tip is a replaceable structure; a pipe thread is provided inside the fourth axial cylindrical structure to match the pipe thread of the connecting end of the needle tip 55 .

[0010] In some embodiments, the displacement adjustment module includes a horizontal convex slide groove, a concave slide groove, a square slide groove, a countersunk slot, a height adjustment slider, an L-shaped connecting plate, an XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal, a connecting plate, a first horizontal adjustment slider, a second horizontal adjustment slider, and a third horizontal adjustment slider; the height adjustment slider is connected to the vertical part of the L-shaped connecting plate, the horizontal part of the L-shaped connecting plate is connected to the top surface of the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal, the bottom surface of the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal is connected to the connecting plate, the connecting plate is connected to the top of the nozzle fixing part, the nozzle fixing part has a built-in nozzle, and the coordinates of the nozzle needle tip are adjusted through the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal; the square slide groove is used to accommodate the height adjustment slider and is fixed to the back of the box; the first horizontal adjustment slider and the second horizontal adjustment slider are convex and embedded on the box The convex slide groove serves as a slide to limit the movement of the slider in the YZ direction. The third horizontal adjustment slider is concave and is embedded in the concave slide groove on the box body. The first horizontal adjustment slider, the second horizontal adjustment slider, and the third horizontal adjustment slider are all provided with threaded holes in the horizontal direction for connecting and fixing the laser ranging module. The first horizontal adjustment slider, the second horizontal adjustment slider, and the third horizontal adjustment slider drive the laser ranging module to move in the X-axis direction, and then drive the laser ranging point to move, so as to achieve a rough alignment between the ranging point and the nozzle needle tip, and tighten the screws to fix it after alignment; the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal is used to accurately align the laser point with the nozzle needle tip so that the XY coordinates of the two are consistent; a rectangular through hole is set at one end of the connecting plate for the needle tube to pass through.

[0011] In some embodiments, the nozzle fixing member includes a first axial cylindrical cavity, a second axial cylindrical cavity, a third axial cylindrical cavity, a fourth axial cylindrical cavity, a fifth axial cylindrical cavity, and a sixth axial cylindrical cavity, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the first axial cylindrical cavity has a larger diameter and forms a clearance fit with the needle tube; the second axial cylindrical cavity forms a clearance fit with the threaded portion of the needle tube, and in the second axial cylindrical cavity, the needle tube and the first adapter section of the nozzle are connected by a pipe thread and sealed; the third axial cylindrical cavity is The diameter of the column cavity is smaller than the diameters of the second axial cylindrical cavity and the fourth axial cylindrical cavity, for example, only the first transition section of the nozzle can pass through; the fourth axial cylindrical cavity and the second transition section are in an interference fit relationship to avoid position changes of the nozzle caused by the fitting gap; the diameter of the fifth axial cylindrical cavity is smaller than the maximum diameter of the fourth axial cylindrical cavity, and the fifth axial cylindrical cavity is matched with the third transition section of the nozzle; the metal probe contacts the third transition section of the nozzle to achieve conductivity; the sixth axial cylindrical cavity is matched with the fourth transition section of the nozzle.

[0012] In some embodiments, the nozzle fixing member is made of nylon and glass fiber, and has a radial first chamber for fixing the nozzle and an axial second chamber for a metal probe. The nozzle adapter and the needle are connected by threads.

[0013] In some embodiments, the appearance of the integrated electrospray printing head for printing and measurement on complex surfaces is composed of a box body, a large cover plate and a small cover plate, wherein the large cover plate is connected to the box body, the left end of the small cover plate is a rotatable connection structure with the box body, and the right end is locked by screws, and the liquid supply printing module, the distance measurement module, the electronic control module and the displacement adjustment module are arranged inside.

[0014] Some other embodiments of the present application provide a method for using any of the above-mentioned electrostatic spray heads for printing and measuring complex surfaces, which includes the following steps: selecting a nozzle tip with a suitable caliber, assembling the nozzle, embedding a metal probe in a nozzle fixture and leading out a wire, connecting the metal probe wire to the circuit of an electronic control module to form a conductive path and maintain an open circuit state; roughly adjusting the needle height, the XY coordinates of the needle tip and the laser point by adjusting the height adjustment slider, the Y-axis countersunk slot of the L-shaped connecting plate, the first horizontal adjustment slider, the second horizontal adjustment slider and the third horizontal adjustment slider, and then using the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal to adjust the needle The height is precisely adjusted, and the XY coordinates of the needle tip and the laser point are precisely aligned; the needle tube is filled with printing ink and connected to the air pipe adapter, the air pipe is connected to the air pipe through the air pipe adapter, and the air pipe is connected to the dispensing machine; the laser ranging module is connected to the machine tool control system through the data line interface to form a data transmission path, and the aviation plug is connected to the electrical signal function generator through a wire; the cover is covered and fixed, the machine tool is operated, the printing height and the laser ranging height are set, and after running the program, the machine tool is adjusted to the laser ranging height. The laser point is now aligned with the ranging point of the printed pattern. After ranging, the machine tool directly lowers the Z axis to the printing height according to the measured height data to start printing.

[0015] The electrospray printing head with integrated printing measurement and capable of measuring height in real time and adjusting it in time provided by the present invention can measure the height before printing the microstructure, record the height change data of the substrate at the printing path, adjust the printing height according to the measurement data, eliminate the defects caused by the height change, and improve the performance of the microstructure.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: First, the present invention proposes an electrostatic spray head integrated with printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces, which solves the problem of uneven line width and line breakage caused by height changes, curvature changes and irregular changes in substrate morphology during complex curved surface printing, improves the performance of electrostatic spray microstructures on complex curved surfaces, improves the automation level of the printing process, and realizes high-resolution and high-consistency printing manufacturing. Second, the present invention designs a new electrostatic spray head, which installs the nozzle on a three-axis displacement mechanism to achieve rapid and stable alignment between the nozzle tip and the laser ranging point, and realizes rapid connection between ranging and printing. There is no need to move the machine tool axis to move the nozzle to the printing position for printing after each ranging, which saves a lot of time, thereby achieving efficient printing manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an electrospray printing head with integrated printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 The internal structure of the electrospray printing head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a front view of a position adjustment module device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a rear view of the position adjustment module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the electrojet printing head on the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the portion where the nozzle fixing member fixes the nozzle and the metal probe at the same time according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6b for Figure 6a Section view along plane BB.

[0024] Figure 7a Schematic diagram of another part of the structure of the nozzle fixing member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7b for Figure 7a Side view of.

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the assembly of the two parts of the nozzle fixing member and the nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1 liquid storage device, 2 data processing device, 3 nozzle fixing part, 4 laser receiver, 5 nozzle, 6 laser transmitter, 7 electronic control module, 8 position adjustment module, 9 aviation plug, 10 air pipe adapter, 11 ranging module data line interface, 81 M1.6 countersunk slot, 82 L-shaped connecting plate, 83 XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal, 84 connecting plate, 85 first horizontal adjustment slider, 86 second horizontal adjustment slider, 87 third horizontal adjustment slider, 88 height adjustment slider; 89 square slide, 810 "convex" slide, 811 "concave" slide, 31 cylindrical cavity, 32 cylindrical cavity, 33 cylindrical cavity, 34 cylindrical cavity, 35 cylindrical cavity, 36 cylindrical cavity, 37 cylindrical cavity, 38 middle cylindrical cavity, 39 cylindrical cavity, 51 cylindrical structure, 52 cylindrical structure, 53 cylindrical structure, 54 cylindrical structure, 55 replaceable needle tip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the technical scheme and the accompanying drawings.

[0030] The invention proposes an electrostatic spray head 100 which is oriented to, i.e., suitable for, printing and measuring complex surfaces. The electrostatic spray head 100 is arranged on a machine tool 200 and comprises a liquid supply printing module, a distance measuring module, an electronic control module 7 and a position adjustment module 8, wherein the liquid supply printing module is configured to store printing ink and is connected to an air pipe so that a dispensing machine can apply a suitable air pressure thereto; the distance measuring module is configured to measure the printing height and feed back the measured data to the machine tool control system to control the machine tool to adjust the axis distance; the electronic control module 7 is configured to connect a metal probe through a wire, and the metal probe contacts a nozzle 5 made of metal material in the liquid supply printing module, thereby applying current to the printing ink; the position adjustment module 8 serves to connect and fix the liquid supply printing module, the distance measuring module and the electronic control module 7, and to adjust the relative position relationship of each module.

[0031] Specifically, the overall appearance of the measurement and printing integrated electrospray printing head 100 according to the embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it is composed of a box body 101, a large cover plate 102 and a small cover plate 103, wherein the large cover plate 102 is connected to the box body 101 by M3 screws, the left end of the small cover plate 103 is connected to the box body 101 by a cylindrical pin, and the right end is locked by an M2 screw, and the above-mentioned liquid supply printing module, distance measurement module, electronic control module 7 and position adjustment module 8 are arranged inside the box body 101.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the liquid supply printing module includes a liquid storage device 1, a nozzle fixing member 3, a nozzle 5 and an air pipe adapter 10. Specifically: the liquid storage device 1 is a cylindrical cavity structure for storing printing ink, and a thread is provided at the bottom thereof, and the nozzle 5 is connected through the nozzle fixing member 3 to form a sealed connection to play a sealing role. Figure 6a , Figure 6b As shown, the nozzle fixing part 3 has an axial first cavity inside for accommodating and fixing the nozzle 5, and the first cavity is provided with six axial cylindrical cavities 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36 with different diameters. The nozzle fixing part 3 also has a radial second cavity inside for accommodating and fixing the metal probe, and the second cavity can include three first radial cylindrical cavities 37, second radial cylindrical cavities 38 and third radial cylindrical cavities 39 with different inner diameters; wherein the first radial cylindrical cavity 37 accommodates and fixes the metal probe; the second radial cylindrical cavity 38 is located between the first radial cylindrical cavity 37 and the third radial cylindrical cavity 39, and its diameter is smaller than the other two radial cylindrical cavities, serving as a passage for the wire connecting the metal probe, for example, its diameter can be set to just accommodate the wire passing through. The wire passes through the third radial cylindrical cavity 39 to connect to the electric control module.

[0033] The metal probe contacts the nozzle 5 to achieve electrical conduction. To achieve safe use of electricity, the nozzle fixing member 3 can be made of insulating and high temperature resistant material. Figure 8 As shown, the nozzle 5 is composed of a transfer part and a needle tip: the transfer part is composed of four transfer sections 51 to 54 of cylindrical structures with different diameters. For example, the four transfer sections 51 to 54 of the hollow cylindrical structure of the transfer part are, from top to bottom, the first transfer section 51, the second transfer section 52, the third transfer section 53, and the fourth transfer section 54. The transfer part is provided with a liquid guide passage for the printing ink to pass through, and the transfer part is fixed inside the nozzle fixing part 3. The needle tip 55 can be a replaceable structure, and a thread is provided in the fourth transfer section 54. The needle tip 55 is fixed by thread connection to form a sealed connection and play a sealing role. As mentioned above, the needle tip 55 can be replaced with different calibers. Commonly used nozzles have inner diameters of 50μm, 75μm, and 100μm, which are suitable for printing microstructures with different line width requirements; the air pipe adapter 10 is a standard part.

[0034] like Figure 6a , Figure 6b , Fig. 9As shown, the nozzle fixing part 3 fixes the nozzle 5, and the specific structure of the nozzle fixing part 3 and the way of cooperating with the nozzle 5 can be specifically configured as follows: the six chambers of the first chamber of the nozzle fixing part 3 are, from top to bottom, a first axial cylindrical cavity 31, a second axial cylindrical cavity 32, a third axial cylindrical cavity 33, a fourth axial cylindrical cavity 34, a fifth axial cylindrical cavity 35, and a sixth axial cylindrical cavity 36. The first axial cylindrical cavity 31 has a relatively large diameter, and forms a clearance fit with the 5cc needle tube; the second axial cylindrical cavity 32 forms a clearance fit with the threaded portion of the 5cc needle tube, and in the second axial cylindrical cavity 32, the 5cc needle tube is connected to the first transition section 51 of the nozzle 5 through the pipe thread and sealed; the third axial cylindrical cavity 33 has a smaller diameter than the second axial cylindrical cavity 32 and the fourth axial cylindrical cavity 34, for example, only the first transition section 51 of the nozzle 5 can pass through; the fourth axial cylindrical cavity 34 and the second transition section 52 are in an interference fit relationship, avoiding the position change of the nozzle 55 caused by the fit gap; the fifth axial cylindrical cavity 35 has a smaller diameter than the maximum diameter of the fourth axial cylindrical cavity 34, and the fifth axial cylindrical cavity 35 forms a fit with the third transition section 53 of the nozzle 5. The metal probe contacts the third transition section 53 of the nozzle 5 to achieve conductivity; the sixth axial cylindrical cavity 36 cooperates with the fourth transition section 54 of the nozzle 5. The nozzle fixing member 3 is formed by two separate components, for example, the first separate component is as follows: Figure 6a , Figure 6b As shown, the second split component is as shown Figure 7a , Figure 7b As shown, the two components can be completely the same, or the difference between the two components is that one component is provided with a fixing structure of the metal probe, while the other does not have the fixing structure. The two components can be connected through the through holes 310 and 311 and using M2 bolts and nuts.

[0035] like Figure 2As shown, the distance measurement module includes a laser emitting device 6, a laser receiving device 4, a data processing device 2 and a data interface device, such as a data line interface 11. Specifically, the laser emitting device 6 has a built-in laser, a modulator and an optical system for emitting laser light. The laser receiving device 4 has a built-in reflector, a photodiode and a filter for receiving the reflected laser light. The laser beam emitted by the laser emitting device 6 can have an inclination angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane. The laser emitting device 6 and the laser receiving device 4 are respectively placed on both sides of the nozzle 5. The laser emitting device 6 emits a laser beam at 45°. The laser beam is irradiated on the substrate to form a reflection and is received by the laser receiving device 4. The laser point is located on the substrate. This placement method of separating the laser emitting device from the laser receiving device can leave a certain space between the two devices. The nozzle 5 can be placed in this space. The position of the nozzle 5 can be adjusted in combination with the position adjustment module 8, so that the laser distance measurement point and the nozzle needle tip are located on the same vertical line, wherein the laser distance measurement point is the center point of each microstructure pattern on the substrate. After ranging, only the vertical position of the nozzle 5, that is, the position of the Z axis, is lowered to quickly start printing, shorten the interval between ranging and printing, and improve printing efficiency. If the laser ranging point and the nozzle needle tip cannot be aligned, it is necessary to move the machine tool axis after each measurement to align the needle tip with the laser ranging point, which will take a lot of time when printing on a large curved surface. The data processing device 2 is placed above the laser receiving device, and has a built-in microprocessor, digital signal processor and memory, which is connected to the laser emitting device 6 and the laser receiving device 4 for processing and calculating the received signals; the data line interface 11 is a standard part, which is used to connect the data line and transmit the data to the machine tool control system.

[0036] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the position adjustment module 8 includes a horizontal convex slide 810, a concave slide 811, a square slide 89, an M1.6 countersunk slot 81, a height adjustment slider 88, an L-shaped connecting plate 82, an XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83, a horizontal connecting plate 84, a first horizontal adjustment slider 85, a second horizontal adjustment slider 86 and a third horizontal adjustment slider 87. Figure 5As shown, the positive direction of the X-axis is defined as parallel to the paper plane and pointing to the right, the positive direction of the Y-axis is perpendicular to the paper plane and pointing outward, and the positive direction of the Z-axis is parallel to the paper plane and pointing upward. The height adjustment slider 88 is connected to the vertical portion of the L-shaped connecting plate 82, and the horizontal portion of the L-shaped connecting plate 82 is connected to the top surface of the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 through an M2 inner hexagon screw. The bottom surface of the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 is connected to the horizontal connecting plate 84 through an M2 inner hexagon screw, and the horizontal connecting plate 84 is connected to the top of the nozzle fixing member 3 through an M1.6 inner hexagon screw. The nozzle fixing member 3 cooperates with the nozzle 5, so that the coordinates of the needle tip 55 of the nozzle 5 can be adjusted through the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83. The square slide groove 89 forms a clearance fit with the height adjustment slider 88 and is fixed to the back of the box 101 by four M1.6 screws. The M1.6 countersunk slot hole 81 is a slideway for the four M1.6 bolts that fix the height adjustment slider 88. The longer square slide groove 89 and the countersunk slot hole 81 can ensure that the height adjustment slider 88 has a sufficient height adjustment range. The first horizontal adjustment slider 85 and the second horizontal adjustment slider 86 are "convex" shaped and are embedded in the convex slide groove 810 on the box body. The convex slide groove 810 acts as a slide to limit the movement of the slider in the YZ direction. The third horizontal adjustment slider 87 is "concave" shaped and is embedded in the concave slide groove 811 on the box body 101. The three horizontal adjustment sliders are all provided with M4 threaded holes in the horizontal direction, and the laser ranging module is connected and fixed by M4 bolts. The laser ranging module has three through holes for M4 bolts. The three horizontal sliders 85, 86, and 87 can drive the laser ranging module to move in the X-axis direction, and then drive the laser ranging point to move, so as to achieve a rough alignment between the laser ranging point and the needle tip 55. After alignment, the screws can be tightened to fix it. The XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 is used to accurately align the laser ranging point with the needle tip 55 of the nozzle so that the XY coordinates of the two are consistent. The horizontal connecting plate 84 is provided with a through hole at one end for a 5cc needle tube to pass through.

[0037] The L-shaped connecting plate 82 can be a plate bent at 90°, whose vertical part is connected to the height adjustment slider 88 through four M1.6 hexagon socket screws, and whose horizontal part is connected to the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 through four M2 hexagon socket screws. The horizontal part is provided with an M2 countersunk slot in the Y-axis direction for roughly adjusting the Y-axis position of the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83.

[0038] The XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 can be a traditional three-axis displacement gimbal, for example, it can be composed of a base, an XYZ axis system, a slider, a handle, a limit switch and fasteners, wherein the base is the foundation of the entire gimbal and provides stable support. The XYZ axis system is the core part of the gimbal and is composed of three mutually perpendicular slide rails, each slide rail corresponding to an axis (X, Y, Z). The slider is installed on the slide rail and can be moved along the slide rail by manual operation. The handle is used to manually operate the movement of the slider, and a locking mechanism is provided to fix the position of the slider. The limit switch limits the movement range of the slider on each axis to prevent it from exceeding the design range. The fasteners are mainly screws, which are used to fix the various components.

[0039] The nozzle fixing part 3 can be made of nylon and glass fiber material to increase its strength while ensuring insulation. A second cavity for fixing the metal probe is provided inside, and a first cavity for fixing the nozzle 5 is provided. The adapter part of the nozzle 5 and the needle 55 are threadedly connected to ensure their sealing.

[0040] The distance measuring module can be configured to measure the height in real time during the printing process and adjust the printing height in time according to the height change.

[0041] The laser beam emitted by the laser emitting device 6 has an inclination angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal plane. The laser emitting device 6 and the laser receiving device 4 are respectively placed on both sides of the nozzle 5. The position is adjusted by the position adjustment module, so that the laser ranging point and the needle tip 55 of the nozzle 5 are located on the same vertical line, and the horizontal coordinates of the laser ranging point and the needle tip 55 are consistent. In this way, the time interval between the two working steps of ranging and printing can be shortened, and the printing efficiency can be improved.

[0042] The electric control module 7 plays the role of powering up and protecting the circuit, and is connected to the metal probe through a wire. The electric control module 7 has three built-in protection circuits, namely, a short circuit protection circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, and an anti-reverse connection protection circuit. The aviation plug 9 is a standard part, which is used to connect an external power supply. The short circuit protection circuit uses a miniature circuit breaker, which automatically cuts off the power supply or reduces the output power of the circuit when an abnormal situation such as overcurrent or short circuit occurs in the circuit, so as to protect the circuit and its related equipment from damage.

[0043] The overvoltage protection circuit is composed of a varistor, which is a special resistor. When the voltage rises to a certain critical value, its resistance will decrease sharply, and the voltage will be drained to the ground. Its function is to automatically take measures to protect the circuit and its related equipment from damage when overvoltage occurs in the circuit. The anti-reverse connection protection circuit is composed of a thermistor, which can change its own resistance according to temperature changes. In the anti-reverse connection circuit, the thermistor is used to detect the temperature of the circuit. When the temperature is too high, the circuit is cut off to prevent the circuit from being damaged by overheating. When the circuit is reversed, measures are automatically taken to protect the circuit and its related equipment from damage.

[0044] The present invention proposes an electrostatic spray head with integrated printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces, and its assembly diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the electrojet print head includes a liquid storage device 1, a data processing device 2, a nozzle fixing part 3, a laser receiver 4, a nozzle 5, a laser transmitter 6, an electric control module 7, a position adjustment module 8, an aviation plug 9, an air pipe adapter 10 and a data line interface 11. The position adjustment module 8 includes an M1.6 countersunk slot 81 located on the back plate, a height adjustment slider 88, an L-shaped connecting plate 82, an XYZ three-axis small displacement pan-tilt 83, a horizontal connecting plate 84, and horizontal adjustment sliders 85, 86, 87.

[0045] The liquid storage device 1 is connected to the nozzle 5 through a thread and plays a sealing role. The nozzle 5 is fixed in the nozzle fixing part 3. The two are interference fit to limit the movement and rotation of the nozzle 5. The liquid storage device 1, the nozzle fixing part 3 and the nozzle 5 constitute a liquid supply and printing module. The liquid supply and printing module is connected to the nozzle fixing part 3 through an M1.6 bolt and fixed to the horizontal connecting plate 84. In this way, it is connected to the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 in the position adjustment module 8. This XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal has the function of fine-tuning the needle position. It is connected to the back plate with the height adjustment slider 88 through the L-shaped connecting plate 82. The connection method is to fix the height adjustment slider 88 on the track of the M1.6 countersunk slot 81 with an M1.6 bolt.

[0046] The distance measuring module is connected to the horizontal adjustment sliders 85, 86, and 87 by M4 bolts. At this point, the distance measuring module and the liquid supply printing module 100 can be relatively adjusted by the position adjustment module 8, that is, the laser distance measuring point and the needle tip 55 of the nozzle 5 are aligned so that the needle tip 55 is directly above the laser distance measuring point, and printing can be performed while measuring the distance, thereby realizing the function of timely adjusting the printing height.

[0047] The electric control module 7 connects a metal probe at one end of the wire to the nozzle fixture 3 and contacts the nozzle 5 to realize a conductive path. Figure 5As shown, the electric control module 7 can also play the role of powering up and protecting the circuit. It has three built-in protection circuits, namely short-circuit protection circuit, overvoltage protection circuit and anti-reverse connection protection circuit, to ensure the safety of electricity use during the printing process.

[0048] A method for using an electrospray printing head integrated with printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces, comprising the following steps: First, select a needle tip 55 of appropriate caliber to assemble the nozzle 5, insert a metal probe into the nozzle fixture 3 and lead out the wire, then assemble the nozzle 5 with the nozzle fixture 3, after assembly, use M2 hexagon socket screws and M2 nuts to connect and fix the two parts of the nozzle fixture 3, and then connect it to the bottom of the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 through the M2 screws, and then connect the top of the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 with the L The horizontal part of the L-shaped connecting plate 82 is connected by M2 hexagon socket screws, and then the vertical part of the L-shaped connecting plate is connected to the height adjustment slider 88 by M1.6 hexagon socket screws, and then the height adjustment slider 88 is embedded in the square slide 89, and connected and fixed with 4 M1.6 hexagon socket screws through the M1.6 countersunk slot 81 and the threaded hole of the height adjustment slider 88; use M4 bolts to connect and fix with the threaded holes of the first horizontal adjustment slider 85, the second horizontal adjustment slider 86, and the third horizontal adjustment slider 87 through the through hole of the laser ranging module; use screws to fix the electric control module on the box, connect the metal probe wire to the circuit of the electric control module to form a conductive path, and keep the circuit open at this time; Secondly, after the above work is completed, the height of the needle, the XY coordinates of the needle tip 55 and the laser point are roughly adjusted by adjusting the height adjustment slider 88, the countersunk slot in the Y-axis direction M2 of the L-shaped connecting plate 82, the first horizontal adjustment slider 85, the second horizontal adjustment slider 86, and the third horizontal adjustment slider 87, and then the height of the needle is precisely adjusted using the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83, and the XY coordinates of the needle tip 55 and the laser point are precisely aligned. Then fill the 5cc needle tube with printing ink and connect it to the trachea adapter, connect the trachea through the trachea adapter, and connect the trachea to the dispensing machine; the laser ranging module is connected to the machine tool control system through the data line interface 11 to form a data transmission path, and the electrical signal transmission interface 9 is connected to the electrical signal function generator through a wire.

[0049] The first step is to select a nozzle tip of appropriate caliber, assemble the nozzle 5, build a metal probe into the nozzle fixture 3 and lead out the wire, then assemble the nozzle 5 with the nozzle fixture 3, and after assembly, use M2 hexagon socket screws and M2 nuts to connect and fix the two parts of the nozzle fixture 3, and then connect it to the bottom of the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 through the M2 screws, and then connect the top of the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 to the horizontal part of the L-shaped connecting plate 82 through the M2 hexagon socket screws, and then the vertical part of the L-shaped connecting plate is connected to the height adjustment slider 8 8 is connected through M1.6 hexagon socket screws, and then the height adjustment slider 88 is embedded in the square slide 89, and four M1.6 hexagon socket screws are used to connect and fix the height adjustment slider 88 through the M1.6 countersunk slot 81 and the threaded hole; M4 bolts are used to connect and fix the first, second, and third horizontal adjustment sliders 85, 86, and 87 through the through hole of the laser ranging module; the electric control module is fixed to the box body with screws, and the metal probe wire is connected to the circuit of the electric control module to form a conductive path. At this time, the circuit should be kept open. The second step, after completing the above work, roughly adjust the needle height, the XY coordinates of the needle tip and the laser point by adjusting the height adjustment slider 88, the M2 countersunk slot in the Y-axis direction of the L-shaped connecting plate 82, the first, second, and third horizontal adjustment sliders 85, 86, and 87, and then use the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 83 to accurately adjust the needle height and accurately align the XY coordinates of the needle tip and the laser point.

[0050] The third step is to fill the 5cc syringe with printing ink and connect it to the trachea adapter, connect the trachea through the trachea adapter, and connect the trachea to the dispensing machine; the laser ranging module is connected to the machine tool control system through the data line interface 11 to form a data transmission path, and the aviation plug 9 is connected to the electrical signal function generator through a wire.

[0051] Finally, close and fix the cover, then operate the machine tool, set the printing height and laser ranging height. After running the program, the machine tool is adjusted to the laser ranging height. The laser point is now aligned with the laser ranging point of the printed pattern. The laser ranging point is generally located in the center of the printed pattern. After ranging, the machine tool directly lowers the Z axis to the printing height based on the measured height data to start printing.

[0052] The above-described embodiments merely express the implementation methods of the present invention, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrospray printing head with integrated printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces, characterized in that: Arranged on a machine tool, the electrostatic spray head with integrated printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces comprises a liquid supply printing module, a distance measuring module, an electric control module (7) and a displacement adjustment module (8). The liquid supply printing module stores printing ink and is connected to a glue dispenser via an air pipe, and air pressure is applied to the liquid supply printing module via the glue dispenser; the distance measuring module is used to measure the height in real time during the printing process, and feed the measured data back to the machine tool control system to control the machine tool to adjust the distance on the Z axis; the electric control module (7) is connected to a metal probe via a wire, and the metal probe contacts a nozzle (5) made of metal material in the liquid supply printing module to apply current to the printing ink; the displacement adjustment module (8) is coupled to the liquid supply printing module and the distance measuring module to adjust the relative position relationship between the liquid supply printing module and the distance measuring module.

2. The electrojet printing head integrated with printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid supply printing module comprises a liquid storage device (1), a nozzle fixing component (3) and a nozzle (5); the liquid storage device (1) is used to store the printing ink, and its bottom is connected to the nozzle (5) through the nozzle fixing component (3); the nozzle fixing component (3) has an axially arranged first chamber for accommodating and fixing the nozzle (5), and a radially arranged second chamber for accommodating and fixing a metal probe, and the nozzle (5) is composed of a transition part and a needle tip: the transition part is provided with a liquid guide passage for the printing ink to pass through, and is fixed inside the nozzle fixing component (3).

3. The electrojet printing head integrated with printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance measuring module comprises a laser emitting device (6), a laser receiving device (4), a data processing device (2) and a data line interface (11); the laser emitting device (6) is used to emit laser light; the laser receiving device (4) is used to receive reflected laser light, the laser emitting device (6) and the laser receiving device (4) are respectively arranged on both sides of the nozzle (5), and then adjusted in combination with the displacement adjustment module (8) so that the laser distance measuring point and the nozzle needle tip are located on the same vertical line, wherein the laser distance measuring point is the center point of each functional structure figure; the data processing device (2) is arranged above the laser receiving device, connected to the laser emitting device (6) and the laser receiving device (4), and used to process and calculate the received signal; the distance measuring module data line interface (11) is used to connect the data line to transmit the data to the machine tool control system.

4. The electrospray printing head integrated with printing and measuring for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second chamber comprises a first radial cylindrical cavity (37) for accommodating and fixing the metal probe; a second radial cylindrical cavity (38) having a small diameter as a passage for a wire connected to the metal probe; a third radial cylindrical cavity (39) having a large diameter, through which the wire is connected to the electric control module; the connecting wire of the metal probe is in contact with the nozzle (5) made of metal material to achieve electrical conduction, and the nozzle fixing member (3) is made of insulating and high-temperature resistant material.

5. The electrojet printing head integrated with printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The needle tip (55) is a replaceable structure; the fourth axial cylindrical structure (54) is provided with a pipe thread inside, which matches the pipe thread of the connecting end of the needle tip 55.

6. The electrojet printing head integrated with printing and measuring for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement adjustment module (8) comprises a horizontal convex slide groove (810), a concave slide groove (811), a square slide groove (89), a countersunk slot hole (81), a height adjustment slider (88), an L-shaped connecting plate (82), an XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal (83), a connecting plate (84), a first horizontal adjustment slider (85), a second horizontal adjustment slider (86), and a third horizontal adjustment slider (87); the height adjustment slider (88) is connected to the vertical portion of the L-shaped connecting plate (82), and the L-shaped connecting plate (84) is connected to the vertical portion of the L-shaped connecting plate (82). The horizontal portion of the connecting plate (82) is connected to the top surface of the XYZ three-axis small displacement platform (83), the bottom surface of the XYZ three-axis small displacement platform (83) is connected to the connecting plate (84), the connecting plate (84) is connected to the top of the nozzle fixing member (3), the nozzle fixing member (3) has a built-in nozzle (5), and the coordinates of the nozzle needle tip are adjusted by the XYZ three-axis small displacement platform (83); the square slide groove (89) is used to accommodate the height adjustment slider (88) and is fixed to the back of the box; the first horizontal adjustment slider (85 ), the second horizontal adjustment slider (86) is convex and is embedded in the convex slide groove (810) on the box body. The convex slide groove (810) serves as a slide to limit the movement of the slider in the YZ direction. The third horizontal adjustment slider (87) is concave and is embedded in the concave slide groove (811) on the box body. The first horizontal adjustment slider (85), the second horizontal adjustment slider (86), and the third horizontal adjustment slider (87) are all provided with threaded holes in the horizontal direction for connecting and fixing the laser ranging module. The first horizontal adjustment slider (85), the second horizontal adjustment slider (86), and the third horizontal adjustment slider (87) drive the laser ranging module to move in the X-axis direction, thereby driving the laser ranging point to move, so as to achieve a rough alignment between the ranging point and the nozzle needle tip. After alignment, the screws are tightened to fix them. The XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal (83) is used to accurately align the laser point with the nozzle needle tip so that the XY coordinates of the two are consistent. The connecting plate (84) is provided with a rectangular through hole at one end for the needle tube to pass through.

7. The electrojet printing head integrated with printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nozzle fixing member (3) comprises a first axial cylindrical cavity (31), a second axial cylindrical cavity (32), a third axial cylindrical cavity (33), a fourth axial cylindrical cavity (34), a fifth axial cylindrical cavity (35), and a sixth axial cylindrical cavity (36) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the first axial cylindrical cavity (31) has a relatively large diameter and forms a clearance fit with the needle tube; the second axial cylindrical cavity (32) forms a clearance fit with the threaded portion of the needle tube, and in the second axial cylindrical cavity (32), the needle tube and the first transition section (51) of the nozzle (5) are connected via a pipe thread and sealed; the third axial cylindrical cavity (34) is a cylindrical cavity with a relatively large diameter and a fifth axial cylindrical cavity (35) formed with the threaded portion of the needle tube; The diameter of the cylindrical cavity (33) is smaller than the diameters of the second axial cylindrical cavity (32) and the fourth axial cylindrical cavity (34), for example, only the first transition section (51) of the nozzle (5) can pass through; the fourth axial cylindrical cavity (34) and the second transition section (52) are in an interference fit relationship, thereby avoiding position changes of the nozzle (55) caused by a fit gap; the diameter of the fifth axial cylindrical cavity (35) is smaller than the maximum diameter of the fourth axial cylindrical cavity (34), and the fifth axial cylindrical cavity (35) is fitted with the third transition section (53) of the nozzle (5); the metal probe contacts the third transition section (53) of the nozzle (5) to achieve electrical conduction; The sixth axial cylindrical cavity (36) cooperates with the fourth transition section (54) of the spray head (5).

8. The electrojet printing head integrated with printing and measuring for complex curved surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nozzle fixing member (3) is made of nylon and glass fiber, and is provided with a radial first chamber for fixing the nozzle (5), and an axial second chamber for a metal probe. The adapter portion of the nozzle (5) and the needle (55) are connected by threads.

9. The electrospray printing head integrated with printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The appearance of the electrostatic spray head for printing and measuring integrated with complex curved surfaces is composed of a box body, a large cover plate and a small cover plate, wherein the large cover plate is connected to the box body, the left end of the small cover plate is a rotatable connection structure with the box body, and the right end is locked by screws, and the liquid supply printing module, the distance measurement module, the electric control module (7) and the displacement adjustment module (8) are arranged inside.

10. A method for using the electrojet print head integrated with printing and measurement for complex curved surfaces as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Select a nozzle tip of suitable caliber, assemble the nozzle (5), embed a metal probe in the nozzle fixture (3) and lead out a wire, connect the metal probe wire to the circuit of the electric control module to form a conductive path, and maintain an open circuit state; The needle height and the XY coordinates of the needle tip and the laser point are roughly adjusted by adjusting the height adjustment slider (88), the Y-axis countersunk slot of the L-shaped connecting plate (82), the first horizontal adjustment slider (85), the second horizontal adjustment slider (86) and the third horizontal adjustment slider (87), and then the needle height is precisely adjusted by using the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal (83), and the XY coordinates of the needle tip and the laser point are precisely aligned; Fill the needle with printing ink and connect it to the air pipe adapter, connect the air pipe through the air pipe adapter, and connect the air pipe to the glue dispenser; connect the laser distance measurement module to the machine tool control system through the data line interface (11) to form a data transmission path, and connect the aviation plug (9) to the electrical signal function generator through a wire; Put on and fix the cover, operate the machine, set the printing height and the laser ranging height. After running the program, the machine is adjusted to the laser ranging height. The laser point is now aligned with the ranging point of the printed pattern. After ranging, the machine directly lowers the Z axis to the printing height based on the measured height data to start printing.

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