Downward-folding emergency evacuation door
The design of multiple gear transmission and dampers solves the impact problem caused by the uneven movement speed of the downward-flipping emergency evacuation door pedal, achieves smooth unfolding and folding of the pedal, and improves evacuation efficiency and passenger safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510007985.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2045-01-03
AI Technical Summary
During the deployment and retraction process of existing downward-flipping emergency evacuation doors, the movement speed of the pedals is uneven, resulting in impacts, affecting passenger safety and evacuation efficiency.
A combination of a multi-gear transmission structure and a damper is adopted, and through the coordinated action of the differential and the damper, the flip pedal can be smoothly unfolded and folded to avoid impact.
The pedal can move without impact throughout its entire range, ensuring the effective width of the evacuation passage and the safety of passengers, and improving evacuation efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN119872621B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a rail transit door leaf, in particular to a downward-flipping emergency evacuation door. Background Art
[0002] A flip-down emergency door deploys downward, serving as a passageway from the train to the platform. It then retracts upward, forming a closed space within the train. As a passageway, the door requires a step that covers the inner wall of the door leaf. However, when used as a door leaf, the step also needs to leave space for a viewing window. Therefore, the steps on the door are typically multi-piece. When the door is retracted as a door leaf, the steps fold to form a viewing window.
[0003] In order to realize the lowering and recovery of the evacuation door and the automatic flattening and folding of the pedal, a transmission component is usually provided on the evacuation door. For example, the invention patent application with publication number CN 118107618 A discloses a downward-flipping integrated escape door, in which the bottom of the door leaf is connected to the bottom of the vehicle body by a connecting rod, which drives it away from the vehicle body and lowers and unfolds it. The flip pedal is rotatably connected to the middle part of the inner side of the door leaf. Gears are connected to both sides of the flip pedal on the hinge shaft between the connecting rod and the door leaf, and the inner side wall of the door leaf is slidably connected to the rack. The gears are driven by the rack, thereby realizing the automatic flattening and folding of the pedal.
[0004] Considering the passengers in the car, when the evacuation door is lowered, the folding pedal needs to be slowed down or delayed. That is, the folding pedal can only obtain the deployment power after the door leaf is a certain distance away from the car body or tilted a certain distance relative to the car body, or the folding pedal can be deployed significantly slower than the door leaf. A disclosed solution can achieve this differential by disengaging the gear and rack, that is, when the door leaf is lowered, the gear and rack at the flip pedal end are disengaged, and the gear and rack resume meshing after the door leaf is unfolded to a certain angle. However, since the rotation angle of the gear at the door leaf end is smaller than that at the flip pedal end, the rotation speed of the flip pedal end needs to be greater than that of the door leaf end. On the one hand, there is an impact when the gear and rack resume meshing. On the other hand, the rotation speed of the flip pedal end may continue to increase in the later stage to make up for the stroke difference of the delayed disengagement state. The increase in speed will increase the instantaneous impact of the gear and rack re-engaging. Furthermore, when the folding pedal is folded, the gear and rack are already disengaged before the folding pedal resumes folding, and the flip pedal loses its constraint. The acceleration of its own gravity causes the folding pedal to hit the fixed pedal on the door leaf, which has a large impact on the door leaf and cannot achieve smooth flattening or folding of the flip pedal. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a downward-folding emergency evacuation door that can achieve structural concealment and ensure that the folding pedal is unfolded and folded without impact throughout the entire process.
[0006] Technical solution: The downward-flipping emergency evacuation door described in the present invention includes a door leaf, a connecting rod connecting the door leaf and the bottom of the vehicle body, and a flip pedal rotatably connected to the middle part of the inner side of the door leaf. The connecting rod rotates relative to the door leaf to drive the door leaf away from the vehicle body and lower it. A first gear is provided at one end connected to the connecting rod and the bottom of the door leaf. The door leaf is rotated to connect the transmission shaft and the second gear. The first gear and the second gear are located at both ends of the transmission shaft and are meshed with the transmission shaft through the third gear, the fourth gear, and the second gear is connected to the flip pedal through a differential. The interface is the vertical transition state of the flip pedal and the door leaf. The second gear drives the flip pedal to cross the interface through the differential. A damper is provided between the door leaf and the flip pedal.
[0007] Preferably, first bevel gears are provided at both ends of the transmission shaft, and the third gear and the fourth gear include second bevel gears, which are meshed with the first bevel gears.
[0008] Preferably, in order to hide the transmission assembly under the fixed pedal, the third gear and the fourth gear further include at least one spur gear, and one of the spur gears is coaxially connected to the second bevel gear.
[0009] Preferably, in order to reduce the space of the differential connection and avoid affecting the width of the folding pedal, thereby ensuring the width of the evacuation channel, the differential includes a slide groove and a pin shaft. The pin shaft and the slide groove are respectively connected to the second gear and the flip pedal. The pin shaft abuts against one end of the slide groove, the second gear drives the flip pedal to rotate, the flip pedal crosses the interface, and the pin shaft slides in the slide groove.
[0010] Preferably, the pin is connected to the side of the second gear, the slide is connected to the side of the flip pedal, the slide is an arc-shaped slide, and the central angle of the slide is less than 90°.
[0011] Preferably, an elastic buffer is sleeved outside the pin shaft or inside the sliding groove.
[0012] Preferably, to ensure smooth rotation of the flip pedal throughout its entire rotational range, the pedal's rotating shaft is connected to a damper located on the door leaf, with the damper's damping proportional to the input speed. As the flip pedal passes over the interface, the pin slides along the chute, accelerating the flip pedal under its own gravity. The damper's damping proportional to the input speed reduces the impact of gravitational acceleration.
[0013] Preferably, in order to amplify the damping of the damper, a fifth gear is provided on the rotating shaft of the flip pedal, the damper has a damping pinion, the fifth gear is meshed with the damping pinion, and the radius of the fifth gear is larger than that of the damping pinion.
[0014] Preferably, the transmission ratio between the first gear end and the second gear end is 1.3-1.0:1.
[0015] Preferably, the transmission ratio of the first gear and the second gear is 1.3-1.1:1.
[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. It realizes structural concealment and ensures that the folding pedal is unfolded and folded without impact throughout the whole process: through multi-gear transmission, the transmission structure can be hidden under the fixed pedal, eliminating the need to occupy the evacuation channel space, ensuring the effective width of the evacuation ramp, the gears and the transmission shaft are fully engaged, avoiding the impact caused by the return engagement, and after the flip pedal is driven by its own weight, the damper slows down the impact, reducing the impact and achieving no impact throughout the whole process; 2. The damping is proportional to the speed, and the flip pedal can self-adjust the damping during the acceleration stage of its own weight; 3. The folding pedal is unfolded and folded smoothly throughout the whole process: the present invention In the Mingzhong section, the movement of the flip pedal is divided into two sections. The first section is driven by the first gear. The constrained first section is driven by its own weight, and the second section is unconstrained. The first section is decelerated by the reduction ratio. The folding pedal is unfolded much slower than the door leaf, which reduces the impact and avoids the damper from increasing the resistance to the door leaf in reverse, avoiding affecting the passengers in the car; in order to ensure that the flip pedal is flattened, the second section is the gravity acceleration stage, which is unfolded quickly. This process is regulated by the damper to avoid the folding pedal from hitting the door leaf at the moment of unfolding or folding, causing impact. The folding pedal is unfolded and folded smoothly throughout the whole process; 4. The pedal system is adapted to narrow working conditions, with a simple method and convenient debugging and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the downward-folding emergency evacuation door of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the downward-flipping emergency evacuation door when the flip pedal is flattened;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical transition state structure of the flip pedal;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the damping structure of the downward-flipping emergency evacuation door of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022] like Figure 1As shown, the downward-folding emergency evacuation door of the present invention is mainly composed of a door leaf 23, a frame 24 is set on the inner side of the door leaf 23, and a pedal is installed on the frame 24. After the door leaf 23 is lowered, the pedal forms an evacuation ramp. The pedal is divided into a fixed pedal 22 and a flip pedal 15. The fixed pedal 22 is located in the lower half of the inner side of the door leaf 23, and the flip pedal 15 is a movable pedal, which is hinged to the middle of the frame 24 and can be rotated to the same plane as the fixed pedal 22, that is, in a flattened state, or it can be rotated to overlap above the fixed pedal 22, in a folded state, to leave space for the window in the upper half of the door leaf 23. The lower half of the door leaf 23 is connected to the bottom of the vehicle body (not shown) via a connecting rod 1. The connecting rod 1 can rotate about a frame 24. The connecting rod 1 folds toward the door leaf 23, causing it to retract and retract into the vehicle body opening to form a door leaf. The connecting rod 1 rotates away from the door leaf 23, lowering it to form an evacuation ramp. During lowering, the angle between the connecting rod 1 and the door leaf 23 / frame 24 is less than 180°. A mounting base 2 is located at the bottom / lower middle portion of the door leaf 23. The connecting rod 1 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 2 via a pin (not shown). The pin is coaxially connected to a gear 3. Rotation of the connecting rod 1 about the door leaf 23 synchronously drives the gear 3.
[0023] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 , a transmission shaft 8 and a gear 12 are installed on the inner side wall of the door leaf 23. The transmission shaft 8 is used to transmit the movement of the gear 3 to the gear 12. The transmission shaft 8 is connected to the inner side of the door leaf 23 through the bearing seat 7, and a drum-shaped gear coupling 9 is provided between the transmission shaft 8; the gear 12 is used to drive the flip pedal 15 to rotate. A differential is provided between the gear 12 and the flip pedal 15, and the gear 12 drives the flip pedal 15 to rotate through the differential. The differential has two contact ends, and the gear 12 abuts against one of the contact ends, which can drive the flip pedal 15 in one direction, such as clockwise, to rotate a certain angle, with the transition state where the flip pedal 15 and the door leaf 23 are perpendicular as the interface, and the gear 12 drives the flip pedal 15 to cross the interface through the differential. After crossing the interface, the flip pedal 15 is driven by its own weight, the speed is accelerated, and the differential loses its function. After the flip pedal 15 rotates, the contact end of the gear 12 and the differential is replaced so that the gear 12 can drive the flip pedal 15 to rotate counterclockwise across the interface. A damper 21 is provided between the door leaf 23 and the flip pedal 15. The flip pedal 15 is accelerated by its own weight. When it is flattened or folded, it will quickly hit the frame 24 or the fixed pedal 22. The damper 21 is used to reduce the impact of this part of the impact.
[0024] Bevel gears 6 are provided at each end of transmission shaft 8. Gears 3 and 12 are located at both ends of transmission shaft 8 and mesh with transmission shaft 8 through bevel gear 5. Bevel gear 5 could be directly connected to gears 3 and 12 coaxially, but this would occupy space in the width direction of the evacuation ramp and reduce the width of the ramp. Therefore, gears 3 and 12 are meshed with both ends of transmission shaft 8 through gears 4 and 11 respectively. Gears 4 and 11 are both spur gears, and there are at least one of them. One of the spur gears is coaxially connected to bevel gear 5. Multiple gear transmission allows the transmission components to be hidden under fixed pedal 22. Gears 12 and 11 are connected to frame 24 via mounting base 10.
[0025] The differential primarily consists of a chute 14 and a pin 13. The chute 14 is closed at both ends, allowing the pin 13 to slide along it. The pin 13 and chute 14 are connected to the sides of the gear 12 and the flip pedal 15, respectively. When the connecting rod 1 is used as the driving force, the pin 13 is located at one end of the chute 14. The gear 12 drives the flip pedal 15 to rotate through the differential, and the flip pedal 15 passes the interface. After passing the interface, the flip pedal 15 is driven by its own weight, which drives the chute 14 to rotate, allowing the pin 13 to slide within the chute 14. An elastic buffer can be installed outside the pin 13 or inside the chute 14 to further reduce impact in addition to the damper 21. The pin 13 can be connected to the side of the flip pedal 15, and a slide groove 14 can be opened on the gear 12. However, the gear 12 is not easy to process. It is best to connect the pin 13 and the gear 12, and connect the slide groove 14 to the side of the flip pedal 15. The slide groove 14 is an arc-shaped slide groove. To ensure that the flip pedal 15 crosses the interface, the central angle corresponding to the slide groove 14 is less than 90°.
[0026] like Figure 4 A damper 21 is provided on the inner sidewall of the door leaf 23. The rotating shaft of the flip pedal 15 is connected to the damper 21, and the damping of the damper 21 is proportional to the input speed. The flip pedal is accelerated by its own gravity, and the damping of the damper 21 is proportional to the input speed, reducing the impact caused by gravity acceleration. Gear 17 is provided on the other sidewall of the flip pedal 15 away from the gear 12. The damper 21 has a damping pinion 19, which meshes with the damping pinion 19. The radius of gear 17 is larger than that of the damping pinion 19 to amplify the damping of the damper 21.
[0027] The damping of damper 21 is proportional to the input speed, and is designed to accommodate the weight-accelerated acceleration of the reversing pedal 11. Gear 3 transmits driving force to gear 12. There are two situations: Gear 3's speed is greater than that of gear 12, and Gear 3's speed is less than that of gear 12. When the speed of gear 12 increases, gear 12 needs to be disengaged from the drive shaft for a period of time to prevent the reversing pedal 11 from rising prematurely when the door leaf 23 is lowered. This would cause meshing shock, which is inconsistent with the present invention. Even if disengagement is not achieved, the speed of gear 12 increases, and the damping of damper 21 increases due to the increased speed of gear 12. After feedback to gear 3, it also acts as resistance to the lowering of the door leaf 23, hindering its lowering. To avoid this problem, and to prevent the reversing pedal 15 from rising prematurely or too quickly when the door leaf 23 is lowered, which could affect passengers, the speed of gear 12 needs to be reduced. Therefore, the reduction ratio between gear 3 and gear 12 is set to 1.3-1.0:1, with 1.3-1.1:1 being preferred.
[0028] Door page 23 recovery operation: connecting rod 1 rotates around gear mounting seat 2, driving gear 3, gear 4 to rotate, driving bevel gear 5 to change the direction of power, and transmit the power to bevel gear 6. Bevel gear 6 transmits the driving force through connecting shaft 8 and drum gear coupling 9 to transmit the power to bevel gear 6 and bevel gear 5 at the other end, and then transmits the power to gear 11 and gear 12. The pin 13 on gear 12 abuts against one end of the slide 14, and drives the flip pedal 15 to rotate through the slide 14, starting from the flat position and folding toward the fixed pedal 22 until the flip pedal 15 crosses the interface. The flip pedal 15 is driven to rotate by its own weight, and the slide 14 rotates with the flip pedal 15, and the pin 13 It slides in the slide groove 14; the other side of the flip pedal 15 is connected to the damper 21, and the damper 21 controls the final speed of the flip pedal 15 to prevent the flip pedal 15 from hitting the fixed pedal 22; when the door leaf 23 is lowered, the evacuation door is unlocked and pushed out of the door frame, and the door leaf 23 is continuously released under the action of gravity, which is similar to the transmission method when unfolding. The pin shaft 13 on the gear 12 abuts against the other end of the slide groove 14, and the flip pedal 15 is driven by the slide groove 14 to rotate from a folded state to a flattened state until the flip pedal 15 crosses the interface. The flip pedal 15 is driven by its own weight to rotate to flatten. After the flip pedal 15 is driven by its own weight, its speed is controlled by the damper 21 to prevent it from hitting the frame 24.
Claims
1. A downward-folding emergency evacuation door, comprising a door leaf (23), a connecting rod (1) connecting the door leaf (23) and the bottom of a vehicle body, and a turning pedal (15) rotatably connected to the middle portion of the inner side of the door leaf (23), wherein the connecting rod (1) rotates relative to the door leaf (23) to drive the door leaf (23) away from the vehicle body and downward, and is characterized in that: The end where the connecting rod (1) and the bottom of the door leaf (23) are connected is provided with a first gear (3). The door leaf (23) is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft (8) and the second gear (12). The first gear (3) and the second gear (12) are located at both ends of the transmission shaft (8) and are meshed with the transmission shaft (8) through the third gear (4) and the fourth gear (11). The second gear (12) and the flip pedal (15) are connected via a differential. The differential includes a slide groove (14) and a pin shaft (13). The pin shaft (13) is connected to the side of the second gear (12). The chute (14) and the flip pedal (15) are connected at the side, the pin shaft (13) and one end of the chute (14) are in contact, and the transition state where the flip pedal (15) and the door leaf (23) are perpendicular is used as the interface. The second gear (12) drives the flip pedal (15) to cross the interface through the differential member. When the flip pedal (15) crosses the interface, the pin shaft (13) slides in the chute (14). The chute (14) is an arc chute, and the central angle corresponding to the chute (14) is less than 90 degrees. A damper (21) is provided between the door leaf (23) and the flip pedal (15).
2. The downward-folding emergency evacuation door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (8) is provided with a first bevel gear at both ends, and the third gear (4) and the fourth gear (11) include a second bevel gear, which is meshed with the first bevel gear.
3. The downward-folding emergency evacuation door according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third gear (4) and the fourth gear (11) further include at least one spur gear, one of which is coaxially connected to the second bevel gear.
4. The downward-folding emergency evacuation door according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic buffer is sleeved on the outside of the pin shaft (13) or inside the slide groove (14).
5. The downward-folding emergency evacuation door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft of the flip pedal (15) is connected to a damper (21) located on the door leaf, and the damping of the damper (21) is proportional to the input speed.
6. The downward-folding emergency evacuation door according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fifth gear (17) is provided on the rotating shaft of the flip pedal (15), and the damper (21) has a damping sub-gear (19). The fifth gear and the damping sub-gear are meshed, and the radius of the fifth gear is larger than that of the damping sub-gear.
7. The downward-folding emergency evacuation door according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission ratio between the first gear (3) end and the second gear (12) end is 1.3-1.0:
1.
8. The downward-folding emergency evacuation door according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission ratio between the first gear (3) and the second gear (12) is 1.3-1.1:1.