Organic solid waste high-temperature rapid reactor and reaction method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural organic solid waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to an organic solid waste high-temperature rapid reactor and a reaction method.The organic solid waste high-temperature rapid reactor comprises a reactor body and an equipment controller, and the equipment controller is located on one side of the reactor body. According to the organic solid waste high-temperature rapid reactor and the reaction method, by arranging the feeding mechanism and the stirring reaction mechanism, when the reactor is used, the occupied area of equipment is small, and the decomposition process is not limited by the external environment temperature field. Compared with a microbial fermentation technology, the enzyme preparation has high biological catalysis efficiency, does not need multiple propagation, carbon-nitrogen ratio adjustment and aeration, and does not generate greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide in the composting process. Compared with windrow type and trough type fermentation, enzymolysis fertilizer preparation equipment is intelligent in operation and stable in product quality. Compared with reactor type fermentation, the composting efficiency is improved by several times, aging and dark ripening are not needed, and a composted finished product can be directly used for crop planting and fertilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural organic solid waste resource utilization, and in particular to an organic solid waste high-temperature rapid reactor and a reaction method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of agricultural production, the amount of agricultural organic solid waste is increasing. These organic solid wastes include crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, dead branches and leaves, vegetable waste, agricultural product residues, etc. If they are not properly handled, they will pollute the environment and waste precious resources. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend to achieve the green and sustainable development of agriculture to treat agricultural organic solid waste as a resource, turn waste into treasure, and prepare it into organic fertilizer after composting. The organic solid waste composting process has developed from strip-stack type and trough type to reactor type or membrane type, which has greatly improved the fermentation efficiency, but in comparison, these technologies based on microbial fermentation still have many technical defects.

[0003] The strip-stack and tank-type fermentation is as follows: livestock and poultry manure and crop straw are mixed at a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25 to 30:1, and the moisture content is controlled at 60% to 65%. The mixed materials are added with microbial agents and then piled. The pile is preferably 1.5 meters high, 2 meters wide, and 2 to 4 meters long or longer. Generally, after 7 to 10 days of material accumulation in summer, the temperature rises to 50℃ to 60℃, and can reach above 65℃ on the 12th day. At this high temperature, a turning machine is used to turn the material over once. Under normal circumstances, there will be two high temperatures above 65℃ during the fermentation process. Fermentation can be completed after turning it over twice, and fermentation can be completed in about 30 days in summer. The material is dark brown, and the temperature begins to drop to room temperature, indicating that the fermentation is complete. The fermentation time in winter is about 60 to 90 days. Strip-stack and tank-type fermentation have the disadvantages of long composting time, large floor space, and low production efficiency.

[0004] Reactor fermentation is: a closed fermentation reactor consisting of feeding, power drive, reactor, stirring shaft and blades, aeration and exhaust, control cabinet and other parts. Livestock and poultry manure and crop straw are mixed with a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25-30:1, and the moisture content is controlled at 60%-65%. After adding microbial agents to the mixed materials, the materials enter the reactor from the top, and under the stirring of the driving mechanism stirring blades, a continuous stirring state is formed in the reactor. At the same time, air is transported through the aeration system to provide oxygen for the expansion of microbial agents, and heat transfer and dehumidification are carried out through the exhaust system to meet the aerobic fermentation process requirements in the reactor.

[0005] In reactor fermentation, microorganisms consume organic matter, protein and oxygen in the materials, and metabolize to produce ammonia, CO2 and water vapor. At the same time, a large amount of heat is released, which increases the temperature in the tank. The reactor fermentation cycle is 7 to 15 days, and the materials are aged for another 7 days after leaving the warehouse. The reactor fermentation has improved the efficiency, but it still has disadvantages such as high ammonia and carbon dioxide emissions.

[0006] Based on the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes a high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste and a reaction method. Summary of the invention

[0007] Based on the existing technical problems, the present invention proposes a high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste and a reaction method, which adopts intelligent equipment to add enzyme preparations to quickly enzymatically decompose the organic solid waste, solving the problems of low efficiency of microbial fermentation of agricultural organic solid waste, long production cycle, large footprint, difficult control of pathogenic microorganisms and antibiotic residues, large production and emission of harmful gases such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane, and low organic matter content in finished products. A high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste is provided, which has the effect of significantly improving the production efficiency of organic fertilizer preparation.

[0008] The invention provides an organic solid waste high-temperature rapid reactor, comprising a reactor body and a device controller. The device controller is located on one side of the reactor body and comprises a control screen.

[0009] The reactor body is composed of a feeding mechanism and a stirring reaction mechanism, and the feeding mechanism is located above the stirring reaction mechanism.

[0010] Wherein, the feeding mechanism is used to quantitatively feed the stirring reaction mechanism.

[0011] The feeding mechanism comprises an enzymolysis equipment box, and the enzymolysis equipment box is plugged into the stirring reaction mechanism.

[0012] Among them, the stirring reaction mechanism is used to carry out high-temperature stirring reaction on organic solid waste.

[0013] The stirring reaction mechanism includes a stirring reaction barrel, and a pneumatic lift electrically connected to the equipment controller through a solenoid valve is fixedly installed above the stirring reaction barrel. Multiple pneumatic lifts are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the stirring reaction barrel as the center, and one end of the pneumatic lift is fixedly connected to the surface of the enzymatic hydrolysis equipment box.

[0014] Preferably, an upper hopper and an exhaust hood are respectively provided inside the housing of the enzymolysis equipment, and both the upper hopper and the exhaust hood are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing of the enzymolysis equipment through a pneumatic valve.

[0015] Preferably, the inner wall of the stirred reaction barrel is rotatably connected to a double-screw stirring device via a bearing, and the surface of the stirred reaction barrel is provided with a reduction drive motor for driving the double-screw stirring device, and the reduction drive motor is electrically connected to the equipment controller via a cable.

[0016] Preferably, an electric heating rod electrically connected to the equipment controller via a cable is provided below the double-screw ribbon stirring device, and a plurality of the electric heating rods are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the stirring reaction barrel.

[0017] Preferably, a heat-conducting oil layer is provided below the electric heating rod, heat-conducting oil is provided inside the heat-conducting oil layer, and the heat-conducting oil layer is fixedly connected to a circulating oil pump through a circulating oil pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the circulating oil pump is electrically connected to the equipment controller via a cable, and the circulating oil pump is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the stirring reaction barrel.

[0019] Preferably, a discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the surface of the heat-conducting oil layer, and two ends of the discharge hopper respectively penetrate and extend to the inner bottom wall of the stirring reaction barrel and the lower surface of the stirring reaction barrel.

[0020] The discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the stirring reaction barrel through a pneumatic valve.

[0021] Preferably, a supporting foot is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the stirring reaction barrel, and four of the supporting feet are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the stirring reaction barrel as the center. A gravity sensor is fixedly installed on the bottom of the supporting foot, and the four gravity sensors are electrically connected to the equipment controller via cables.

[0022] An air compressor is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the heat-conducting oil layer, and the air compressor is electrically connected to the equipment controller through a cable.

[0023] Preferably, an air compressor for supplying air to drive the pneumatic valve is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the heat-conducting oil layer, and the air compressor is electrically connected to the equipment controller via a cable.

[0024] Preferably, a reaction method of an organic solid waste high temperature rapid reactor comprises the following steps: Step 1: Adjust the moisture content of agricultural organic solid waste to 50-60%, and transport it to the feed hopper and enter the equipment via a conveyor belt.

[0025] Step 2: Turn on the reduction drive motor, wait for all the materials to enter the equipment, weigh them with the gravity sensor, and then add 2% enzyme preparation of the total weight of the materials to mix with the materials.

[0026] Step 3: Turn on the electric heating rods at the same time, and the heat transfer oil starts to heat up. When the heat transfer oil temperature rises to 120°C and the material temperature rises to 80°C, turn off the electric heating rods. After the material is kept at a constant temperature for 30 minutes, vent for 10 minutes and start discharging.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: By setting up a feeding mechanism and a stirring reaction mechanism, the equipment occupies a small area when in use, and the composting process is not restricted by the external environment temperature and site. Compared with microbial fermentation technology, the biocatalytic efficiency of enzyme preparations is high, and it does not need to be expanded several times, the carbon-nitrogen ratio does not need to be adjusted, and aeration is not required. No greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are produced during the composting process. Compared with the strip-type and trough-type fermentation, the enzymatic fertilizer making equipment has intelligent operation and stable product quality. Compared with the reactor-type fermentation, the composting efficiency is increased several times, and there is no need for aging and dark maturation. The finished product after composting can be directly used for crop planting and fertilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an organic solid waste high-temperature rapid reactor and reaction method proposed by the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Reactor body; 2. Equipment controller; 3. Enzymolysis equipment box; 301. Upper hopper; 302. Exhaust hood; 4. Stirring reaction barrel; 401. Double-screw stirring device; 402. Speed ​​reduction drive motor; 403. Electric heating rod; 404. Thermal oil layer; 405. Circulating oil pump; 406. Discharge hopper; 407. Support foot; 408. Gravity sensor; 409. Air compressor; 5. Pneumatic lift. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 A high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste, the equipment is a U-shaped horizontal reaction tank steel frame structure, including a reactor body 1 and an equipment controller 2, the equipment controller 2 is located on one side of the reactor body 1, and the equipment controller 2 contains a control screen.

[0032] The reactor body 1 is composed of a feeding mechanism and a stirring reaction mechanism, and the feeding mechanism is located above the stirring reaction mechanism.

[0033] The feeding mechanism is used to quantitatively feed the stirring reaction mechanism.

[0034] The feeding mechanism comprises an enzymolysis equipment box 3, and the enzymolysis equipment box 3 is plugged into the stirring reaction mechanism.

[0035] An upper hopper 301 and an exhaust hood 302 are respectively provided inside the enzymolysis equipment housing 3 , and both the upper hopper 301 and the exhaust hood 302 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the enzymolysis equipment housing 3 through a pneumatic valve.

[0036] Among them, the stirring reaction mechanism is used to carry out high-temperature stirring reaction on organic solid waste.

[0037] The stirring reaction mechanism includes a stirring reaction barrel 4, and a pneumatic lift 5 electrically connected to the equipment controller 2 through an electromagnetic valve is fixedly installed above the stirring reaction barrel 4. Multiple pneumatic lifts 5 are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the stirring reaction barrel 4 as the center, and one end of the pneumatic lift 5 is fixedly connected to the surface of the enzymatic hydrolysis equipment box 3.

[0038] When in use, the pneumatic lift 5 drives the enzymolysis equipment box 3 to rise and fall, and plug and connect with the stirring reaction barrel 4 to seal, or separate, so as to facilitate the maintenance and cleaning of the inside of the stirring reaction barrel 4 at a later time.

[0039] The inner wall of the stirring reaction barrel 4 is rotatably connected to a double-screw stirring device 401 through a bearing, and the surface of the stirring reaction barrel 4 is provided with a reduction drive motor 402 for driving the double-screw stirring device 401, and the reduction drive motor 402 is electrically connected to the equipment controller 2 through a cable.

[0040] An electric heating rod 403 electrically connected to the device controller 2 via a cable is provided below the double-screw ribbon stirring device 401 , and a plurality of electric heating rods 403 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the stirring reaction barrel 4 .

[0041] A heat-conducting oil layer 404 is disposed below the electric heating rod 403 . Heat-conducting oil is disposed inside the heat-conducting oil layer 404 . The heat-conducting oil layer 404 is fixedly connected to a circulating oil pump 405 through a circulating oil pipe.

[0042] The circulating oil pump 405 is electrically connected to the device controller 2 via a cable, and the circulating oil pump 405 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the stirring reaction barrel 4 .

[0043] When in use, the interior of the stirring reaction barrel 4 is heated by the electric heating rod 403 and the heat-conducting oil layer 404, and the heat-conducting oil inside the heat-conducting oil layer 404 is circulated by setting a circulating oil pump 405 and a circulating oil pipe to ensure that the temperature of the heat-conducting oil layer 404 is uniform, thereby achieving a better heating effect.

[0044] A discharge hopper 406 is fixedly connected to the surface of the heat-conducting oil layer 404 , and two ends of the discharge hopper 406 respectively penetrate and extend to the inner bottom wall of the stirring reaction barrel 4 and the lower surface of the stirring reaction barrel 4 .

[0045] The discharge hopper 406 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the stirring reaction barrel 4 through a pneumatic valve.

[0046] Furthermore, the pneumatic valve is electrically connected to the device controller 2 via a cable.

[0047] A support foot 407 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the stirring reaction barrel 4. Four support feet 407 are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the stirring reaction barrel 4 as the center. A gravity sensor 408 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support foot 407. The four gravity sensors 408 are electrically connected to the device controller 2 through cables.

[0048] An air compressor 409 for supplying air to drive the pneumatic valve is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the heat-conducting oil layer 404 . The air compressor 409 is electrically connected to the device controller 2 via a cable.

[0049] When in use, the air compressor 409 and the double-screw stirring device 401 cooperate to achieve better stirring and composting effects on organic solid waste.

[0050] A reaction method of an organic solid waste high-temperature rapid reactor comprises the following steps: Step 1: Adjust the moisture content of agricultural organic solid waste to 50-60%, and transport it to the feed hopper and enter the equipment via a conveyor belt.

[0051] Step 2: Turn on the reduction drive motor 402, and after all the materials have entered the equipment and are weighed by the gravity sensor 408, add 2% of the total weight of the materials into the enzyme preparation and mix with the materials.

[0052] Step 3: Turn on the electric heating rod 403 at the same time, the heat transfer oil starts to heat up, and after about 50 minutes, the temperature of the heat transfer oil rises to 120°C, and the temperature of the material rises to 80°C, and then turn off the electric heating rod 403. After the material is kept at a constant temperature for about 30 minutes, exhaust for 10 minutes, and start to discharge the material. The whole composting process takes about 2 hours.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste, comprising a reactor body (1) and an equipment controller (2), characterized in that: The device controller (2) is located on one side of the reactor body (1), and the device controller (2) comprises a control screen; The reactor body (1) is composed of a feeding mechanism and a stirring reaction mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism is located above the stirring reaction mechanism; Wherein, the feeding mechanism is used to quantitatively feed the stirring reaction mechanism; The feeding mechanism comprises an enzymatic hydrolysis device housing (3), and the enzymatic hydrolysis device housing (3) is plugged into the stirring reaction mechanism; Among them, the stirring reaction mechanism is used to carry out high-temperature stirring reaction on organic solid waste; The stirring reaction mechanism comprises a stirring reaction barrel (4), and a pneumatic lift (5) electrically connected to the device controller (2) via a solenoid valve is fixedly installed above the stirring reaction barrel (4). A plurality of the pneumatic lifts (5) are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the stirring reaction barrel (4) as the center, and one end of the pneumatic lift (5) is fixedly connected to the surface of the enzymatic hydrolysis device casing (3).

2. The high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper hopper (301) and an exhaust hood (302) are respectively arranged inside the enzymolysis equipment housing (3), and the upper hopper (301) and the exhaust hood (302) are both fixedly connected to the inner wall of the enzymolysis equipment housing (3) via a pneumatic valve.

3. The high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the stirring reaction barrel (4) is rotatably connected to a double-screw stirring device (401) via a bearing, and a reduction drive motor (402) for driving the double-screw stirring device (401) is provided on the surface of the stirring reaction barrel (4), and the reduction drive motor (402) is electrically connected to the device controller (2) via a cable.

4. The high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: An electric heating rod (403) electrically connected to the device controller (2) via a cable is provided below the double-screw stirring device (401), and a plurality of the electric heating rods (403) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the stirring reaction barrel (4).

5. The high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: A heat-conducting oil layer (404) is provided below the electric heating rod (403), heat-conducting oil is provided inside the heat-conducting oil layer (404), and the heat-conducting oil layer (404) is fixedly connected to a circulating oil pump (405) via a circulating oil pipe.

6. The high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circulating oil pump (405) is electrically connected to the device controller (2) via a cable, and the circulating oil pump (405) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the stirring reaction barrel (4).

7. The high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: A discharge hopper (406) is fixedly connected to the surface of the heat-conducting oil layer (404), and two ends of the discharge hopper (406) respectively penetrate and extend to the inner bottom wall of the stirring reaction barrel (4) and the lower surface of the stirring reaction barrel (4); The discharge hopper (406) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the stirring reaction barrel (4) via a pneumatic valve.

8. The high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support foot (407) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the stirring reaction barrel (4), and four of the support feet (407) are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the stirring reaction barrel (4) as the center. A gravity sensor (408) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support foot (407), and the four gravity sensors (408) are electrically connected to the device controller (2) via cables.

9. The high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: An air compressor (409) for supplying air to drive the pneumatic valve is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the heat-conducting oil layer (404); the air compressor (409) is electrically connected to the device controller (2) via a cable.

10. The reaction method of a high-temperature rapid reactor for organic solid waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Adjust the moisture content of agricultural organic solid waste to 50-60%, and transport it to the feed hopper and into the equipment by a conveyor belt; Step 2: Turn on the reduction drive motor (402), wait for all the materials to enter the equipment, weigh them with the gravity sensor (408), and then add 2% of the total weight of the enzyme preparation to mix with the materials; Step 3: Turn on the electric heating rod (403) at the same time, and the heat transfer oil starts to heat up. When the heat transfer oil temperature rises to 120°C and the material temperature rises to 80°C, turn off the electric heating rod (403), keep the material at a constant temperature for 30 minutes, exhaust for 10 minutes, and start discharging.

Images