Linear fluorescent polymer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fluorescent polymers, in particular to a linear fluorescent polymer and a preparation method thereof. The solid fluorescence quantum yield of a linear fluorescent polymer obtained by reaction of tertiary amine and an activated alkyne monomer is difficult to reach 10%. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the linear fluorescent polymer, and the linear fluorescent polymer is obtained by respectively carrying out click reaction on monobasic secondary amine alcohol and an activated alkyne monomer. In the process that the monobasic secondary amine alcohol and the activated alkyne monomer are subjected to the click reaction, the amino group and the alkynyl group are subjected to the click reaction, then the hydroxyl group and the alkynyl group are subjected to the click reaction, the light quantum yield of the obtained fluorescent polymer is higher, and the obtained fluorescent polymer has the higher solid fluorescence quantum yield which is easy to reach 10% or above; and even the level of about 20% or above is reached, and a better technical effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fluorescent polymers, and in particular to a linear fluorescent polymer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, non-conjugated fluorescent polymer systems with heteroatom-rich characteristics have attracted widespread attention due to their good biocompatibility, environmental friendliness, and simple preparation. They have become ideal candidate materials for sensor, biological and medical applications. However, most non-traditional fluorescent polymer materials currently emit fluorescence mainly in the blue or green region, and it is difficult to achieve full-color luminescent polymers by structural regulation. Therefore, developing new methods to synthesize full-color non-conjugated fluorescent polymers by directly changing monomers is of great significance to enrich the types of fluorescent polymers and understand the fluorescence mechanism.

[0003] Click reaction is an efficient method for synthesizing polymers because of its advantages such as good selectivity, wide application range, mild conditions, high efficiency, no by-products, and atom economy. At present, researchers have achieved the preparation of nitrogen-containing polymers with high yields by click polymerization of nucleophilic amine monomers and unsaturated bond monomers (double bonds or triple bonds) at room temperature and without catalysis. Hydroxyl monomers, like amino monomers, are also a type of commonly used nucleophilic reagents. Compared with amines, alcohol monomers have the advantages of many types, wide sources, good stability, and non-toxicity and no irritating odor. However, the polymerization of alcohol monomers and unsaturated bond monomers usually requires the addition of additional catalysts.

[0004] Using click reactions, the research team of the present invention has developed a variety of fluorescent polymer luminescent materials, such as a fluorescent polymer and a method for regulating the luminescent color of a fluorescent polymer disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 114736363 A. This patent utilizes tertiary amines and activated alkyne monomers to react to obtain macromolecular polymers with red, blue, and green fluorescent properties. However, the solid fluorescence quantum yields of the fluorescent polymers obtained in this patent are all below 10%, which is difficult to reach the level of 10%. Summary of the invention

[0005] The problem in the prior art is that the solid fluorescence quantum yield of conventional linear fluorescent polymers obtained by reacting tertiary amines with activated alkyne monomers is difficult to reach more than 10%. In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a linear fluorescent polymer, which is generated by a click reaction between a secondary amine alcohol monomer and an activated alkyne monomer. During the reaction, the alkyne group in the alkyne monomer structure first undergoes a click reaction with the primary or secondary amine group in the amino alcohol monomer structure, and then undergoes a click reaction with the hydroxyl group in the amino alcohol monomer structure. Both ends of the activated alkyne monomer molecular chain are capped with alkyne groups, and the secondary amine alcohol monomer is a monohydric alcohol.

[0006] Preferably, the activated alkyne monomer comprises an ester-activated alkyne monomer, an amide-activated alkyne monomer or a keto-activated alkyne monomer.

[0007] Preferably, the activated acetylenic monomers include diacetylenic monomers and polyacetylenic monomers whose molecular chains are both terminated by acetylenic groups.

[0008] Preferably, the diacetylene monomer comprises the following structural formula:

[0009]

[0010] In the above structural formula, m is 1-3, and n>2.

[0011] Preferably, the activated acetylene monomer includes one or more of ethylene glycol dipropiolate, 1,4-butanediol dipropiolate, 1,6-hexanediol dipropiolate, polyethylene glycol-alkyne, ethylene glycol dipropiolate, and bispropyne acetamide.

[0012] Preferably, the polyacetylenic monomer comprises the following structural formula:

[0013]

[0014] Preferably, the secondary amine alcohol monomer comprises the following structural formula:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] In the above structural formula, R1 includes methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, alicyclic or benzene ring, and R2 includes a methylene chain having 1 or more carbon atoms.

[0018] Preferably, the secondary amine alcohol monomer includes one or more of 3-(methylamino)-1-propanol, 1-(methylamino)propan-2-ol, 4-piperidinemethanol, 2-(cyclohexylamino)ethanol or 2-benzylaminoethanol.

[0019] Preferably, the linear fluorescent polymer comprises the following chemical formula:

[0020]

[0021]

[0022] In the above chemical structure formula, the value of n is determined according to the reaction temperature and reaction time of the click reaction and the amount of the secondary amine alcohol monomer and the activated alkyne monomer.

[0023] Preferably, the secondary amine alcohol monomer in the click reaction is 3-(methylamino)-1-propanol, and the activated alkyne monomer is ethylene glycol dipropiolate.

[0024] Preferably, the click reaction occurs at room temperature and normal pressure, and the molar ratio of the secondary amine alcohol monomer to the activated alkyne monomer in the click reaction is 1:1.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The present invention obtains a series of linear fluorescent polymers by a click reaction between a monoamine alcohol and an activated alkyne monomer, and by optimizing the type of the monoamine alcohol, the obtained fluorescent polymer has a high solid fluorescence quantum yield of more than 30%, thereby achieving good technical effects;

[0027] (2) In the process of the click reaction between the monovalent secondary amine alcohol and the activated alkyne monomer in the present invention, the amino group first undergoes a click reaction with the alkyne group, and then the hydroxyl group undergoes a click reaction with the alkyne group, and the light quantum yield of the obtained fluorescent polymer is higher;

[0028] (3) The method of the present invention has high atomic utilization rate, good selectivity, and good yield, does not require the use of any catalyst, can react within the temperature range of 0-60°C, and has good market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 : is the H-NMR spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 1.

[0030] Figure 2 : is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 1.

[0031] Figure 3 : is the H-NMR spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 2.

[0032] Figure 4 : is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 2.

[0033] Figure 5 : is the H-NMR spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 3.

[0034] Figure 6 : is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 3.

[0035] Figure 7 : is the H-NMR spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 4.

[0036] Figure 8 : is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 4.

[0037] Fig. 9 : is the H-NMR spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 5.

[0038] Fig.10: is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 5.

[0039] Fig.11 : is the H-NMR spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 6.

[0040] Fig.12 : is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 6.

[0041] Fig.13 : is the H-NMR spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 7.

[0042] Fig.14 : is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 7.

[0043] Fig.15 : is the H-NMR spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 8.

[0044] Fig.16 : is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 8.

[0045] Fig.17 : is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 9.

[0046] Fig.18 : is the fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 10.

[0047] Fig.19 : This is the ion-responsive fluorescence spectrum of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 4.

[0048] Fig. 20 : This is the intracellular imaging of the fluorescent polymer obtained in Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the examples. However, it should be understood that the following examples are only illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0050] The activated alkyne monomers used in the following examples of the present invention can be purchased on the market or can be easily synthesized. It can be synthesized according to the method reported in the reference (ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2024, 6, 4127-4137).

[0051] Example 1

[0052] 3-(Methylamino)-1-propanol (0.089 g, 1 equiv) and ethylene glycol dipropiolate (0.166 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle, placed at 25°C, stirred in air for 24 h, and after the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (LP-1) with a yield of 97% and an E configuration of 100%. The structure of the target polymer was confirmed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as shown in the attached manual. Figure 1 The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography is 29000 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution is 1.73, indicating that this method can prepare linear polymers with higher molecular weight. Figure 2 As shown, the excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of LP-1 fluorescence test are 572nm and 615nm respectively, showing red fluorescence characteristics, and the solid fluorescence quantum yield is 30.28%. The pattern and QR code formed by LP-1 solution (solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide) are invisible under visible light, but clearly visible under ultraviolet light, indicating that LP-1 is a potentially safe anti-counterfeiting fluorescent material.

[0053] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Example 2

[0056] 3-(Methylamino)-1-propanol (0.089 g, 1 equiv) and 1,4-butanediol dipropiolate (0.194, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle and placed at 25°C. The reaction was stirred in air for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (LP-2) with a yield of 90% and an E configuration of 98%. The structure of the target polymer was confirmed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as shown in the attached manual. Figure 3 The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 30300 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.86, indicating that this method can prepare a linear fluorescent polymer with a relatively high molecular weight. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the fluorescent polymer were 472 nm and 549 nm, respectively (see the attached manual). Figure 4 As shown), it exhibits green fluorescence characteristics, and the solid fluorescence quantum yield is 19.88%. The pattern and QR code formed by the fluorescent polymer solution (the solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide) are invisible under visible light, but clearly visible under ultraviolet light, indicating that it is a potentially safe anti-counterfeiting fluorescent material.

[0057] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] Example 3

[0060] 3-(Methylamino)-1-propanol (0.089 g, 1 equiv) and 1,6-hexanediol dipropiolate (0.222 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle and stirred in air at 25 ° C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (LP-3) with a yield of 89% and an E configuration of 100%. The target polymer was confirmed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR) (see the attached manual). Figure 5 The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 49300 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.84, indicating that this method can prepare a fluorescent polymer with a relatively high molecular weight. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the fluorescent test polymer were 423 nm and 476 nm, respectively (see the attached manual). Figure 6 As shown), it exhibits blue fluorescence characteristics, and the solid fluorescence quantum yield is 18.04%. The pattern and QR code formed by the fluorescent polymer solution (the solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide) are invisible under visible light, but clearly visible under ultraviolet light, indicating that it is a potentially safe anti-counterfeiting fluorescent material.

[0061] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Example 4

[0064] 3-(Methylamino)-1-propanol (0.089 g, 1 equiv) and polyethylene glycol-alkyne (0.904 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle and stirred in air at 60 ° C for 24 h. The mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (LP-4) with a yield of 80% and an E configuration of 100%. The structure of the target polymer was confirmed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (see the attached manual). Figure 7 The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 9800 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.77, indicating that this method can prepare a linear fluorescent polymer with a relatively high molecular weight. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 490 nm and 556 nm, respectively (see the attached manual). Figure 8 The solid fluorescence quantum yield was 9.54%. A 2 mg / ml aqueous solution of the fluorescent polymer (obtained in Example 4) was mixed with different metal ions (ion concentration of 10 -3 mol) after mixing, Fe 3+ The fluorescence of Fe was rapidly quenched, indicating that the fluorescent polymer can effectively detect Fe 3+(As attached to the instruction manual Fig.19 As shown), it is an ideal Fe 3+ Sensor. Cell experiments have shown that the fluorescent polymer can be imaged inside cells (see the attached manual). Fig. 20 ), is a fluorescent material with potential biomedical applications.

[0065] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] In the above chemical formula, m=18.

[0068] Example 5

[0069] 1-(Methylamino)propan-2-ol (0.089 g, 1 equiv) and ethylene glycol dipropiolate (0.166 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle and stirred in air at 25°C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (LP-5) with a yield of 96% and an E configuration of 98%. The structure of the target polymer was confirmed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (see the attached manual). Fig. 9 As shown). The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 12300 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.55, indicating that this method can prepare a linear fluorescent polymer with a higher molecular weight. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 505 nm and 559 nm, respectively, showing orange fluorescence characteristics ( Fig.10 ), the solid fluorescence quantum yield is 24.57%.

[0070] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Example 6

[0073] 4-Piperidinemethanol (0.115 g, 1 equiv) and ethylene glycol dipropiolate (0.166 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle and stirred in air at 25°C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (LP-6) with a yield of 85% and an E configuration of 95%. The structure of the linear polymer was confirmed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR). Fig.11The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 5300 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.17, indicating that this method can prepare a linear fluorescent polymer with a relatively high molecular weight. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 487 nm and 544 nm, respectively, showing yellow fluorescence characteristics (see the attached manual). Fig.12 The solid fluorescence quantum yield is 15.98%.

[0074] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Example 7

[0077] 2-(Cyclohexylamino)ethanol (0.143 g, 1 equiv) and ethylene glycol dipropiolate (0.166 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle and stirred in air at 45°C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (LP-7) with a yield of 80% and an E configuration of 94%. The structure of the linear polymer was confirmed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (see the attached manual). Fig.13 The weight average molecular weight of the polymer was 6000 g / mol and the molecular weight distribution was 1.21 by size exclusion chromatography, indicating that this method can prepare a linear fluorescent polymer with a relatively high molecular weight. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 450 nm and 509 nm, respectively, showing cyan fluorescence characteristics (as shown in the attached manual). Fig.14 The solid fluorescence quantum yield is 14.62%.

[0078] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0079]

[0080] Example 8

[0081] 2-Benzylaminoethanol (0.151 g, 1 equiv) and ethylene glycol dipropiolate (0.166 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle and stirred in air at 45°C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (LP-8) with a yield of 80% and an E configuration of 90%. The structure of the linear polymer was confirmed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (see the attached manual). Fig.15The weight average molecular weight of the polymer was 7300 g / mol and the molecular weight distribution was 1.46 by size exclusion chromatography, indicating that the method can prepare a linear fluorescent polymer with a relatively high molecular weight. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the fluorescent polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 458 nm and 497 nm, respectively, showing blue fluorescence characteristics (see the attached manual). Fig.16 The solid fluorescence quantum yield is 24.47%.

[0082] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] Example 9

[0085] 3-(Methylamino)-1-propanol (0.089 g, 1 equiv) and dipropiolic acid ethylenedione (0.134 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle and stirred at 25 ° C in an air environment for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (LP-9) with a yield of 85% and an E configuration of 95%. The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 19600 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.69, indicating that this method can prepare a linear fluorescent polymer with a higher molecular weight. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the fluorescent polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 522 nm and 574 nm, respectively, showing orange fluorescence characteristics (as shown in the attached manual Fig.17 The solid fluorescence quantum yield is 20.74%.

[0086] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Example 10

[0089] 3-(Methylamino)-1-propanol (0.089 g, 1 equiv) and dipropynyl acetamide (0.134 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle, and the reaction was stirred at 25 ° C in an air environment for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a fluorescent polymer (LP-10) with a yield of 88%. The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 17300 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.48, indicating that this method can prepare a linear fluorescent polymer with a higher molecular weight. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the fluorescent polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 582 nm and 627 nm, respectively, showing red fluorescence characteristics (as shown in the attached manual Fig.18 The solid fluorescence quantum yield is 23.98%.

[0090] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] N-methyldiethanolamine (0.119 g, 1 equiv) and 1,6-hexanediol dipropiolate (0.222 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle and stirred for reaction. The reaction was stirred at room temperature at 25 ° C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer with a yield of 96% and an E configuration of 100% (the preparation method of the fluorescent polymer is the same as Example 1 in the Chinese invention patent CN114716659A previously applied by the research team of the present invention). The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 26800 g / mol and the molecular weight distribution was 2.35. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the fluorescent polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 380 nm and 460 nm, respectively, showing blue fluorescence characteristics, and the solid fluorescence quantum yield was 4.82%.

[0094] Comparative Example 2

[0095] N-methyldiethanolamine (0.119 g, 1 equiv) and 1,6-hexanediol dipropiolate (0.222 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 5 mL single-mouth polymerization bottle, stirred and reacted at 60 ° C in air for 24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (the preparation method of the fluorescent polymer is the same as Example 4 in the Chinese invention patent CN114716659A previously applied for by the research team of the present invention), with a yield of 99%. The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 71700 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution was 2.75. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the fluorescent polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 380 nm and 460 nm, respectively, showing blue fluorescence characteristics, and the solid fluorescence quantum yield was 8.39%.

[0096] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] Comparative Example 3

[0099] N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine (0.174 g, 1 equiv) and 1,6-hexanediol dipropiolate (0.222 g, 1 equiv) were added to a 10 mL single-necked polymerization bottle, and a water / dimethyl sulfoxide mixed solvent (0.5 mL, volume ratio 1:4) was added. The mixture was incubated at 60 °C in air. ℃The reaction was stirred for 24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the polymer was precipitated with n-hexane to obtain a linear fluorescent polymer (the preparation method of the fluorescent polymer is the same as Example 8 in the Chinese invention patent CN114716659A previously applied for by the research team of the present invention), with a yield of 82% and an E configuration of 97%. The weight average molecular weight of the polymer characterized by size exclusion chromatography was 11585 g / mol, and the molecular weight distribution was 1.50. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the fluorescent polymer tested by fluorescence spectrometer were 360 ​​nm and 415 nm, respectively, showing blue fluorescence characteristics, and the solid fluorescence quantum yield was 4.39%.

[0100] The chemical formula involved in the above reaction is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A linear fluorescent polymer, characterized in that It is generated by a click reaction between a secondary amine alcohol monomer and an activated alkyne monomer. During the reaction, the alkyne group in the alkynyl monomer structure first undergoes a click reaction with the primary or secondary amine group in the amino alcohol monomer structure, and then undergoes a click reaction with the hydroxyl group in the amino alcohol monomer structure. Both ends of the activated alkyne monomer molecular chain are capped with alkynyl groups, and the secondary amine alcohol monomer is a monohydric alcohol.

2. A linear fluorescent polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activated alkyne monomer includes an ester activated alkyne monomer, an amide activated alkyne monomer or a ketone activated alkyne monomer.

3. A linear fluorescent polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activated acetylenic monomers include diacetylenic monomers and polyacetylenic monomers whose molecular chains are both terminated by acetylenic groups.

4. A linear fluorescent polymer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diacetylenic monomer comprises the following structural formula: In the above structural formula, m is 1-3, and n>2.

5. A linear fluorescent polymer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The activated acetylene monomer includes one or more of ethylene glycol dipropiolate, 1,4-butanediol dipropiolate, 1,6-hexanediol dipropiolate, polyethylene glycol-acetylene, ethylene glycol dipropiolate, and bispropiolacetamide.

6. A linear fluorescent polymer according to claim 3, characterized in that: Polyacetylenic monomers include the following structural formulas:

7. A linear fluorescent polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary amine alcohol monomer comprises the following structural formula: In the above structural formula, R1 includes methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, alicyclic or benzene ring, and R2 includes a methylene chain having 1 or more carbon atoms.

8. A linear fluorescent polymer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The secondary amine alcohol monomer includes one or more of 3-(methylamino)-1-propanol, 1-(methylamino)propan-2-ol, 4-piperidinemethanol, 2-(cyclohexylamino)ethanol or 2-benzylaminoethanol.

9. A linear fluorescent polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear fluorescent polymer comprises the following chemical structural formula: In the above chemical structure formula, the value of n is determined according to the reaction temperature and reaction time of the click reaction and the amount of the secondary amine alcohol monomer and the activated alkyne monomer.

10. The linear fluorescent polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary amine alcohol monomer in the click reaction process is 3-(methylamino)-1-propanol, and the activated alkyne monomer is ethylene glycol dipropiolate.

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