Ultrahigh steep slope system prevention and control structure and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrahigh steep slope system prevention and control structure. The prevention and control structure comprises a head anchor rod; the middle anchor rod is connected with the head anchor rod; the bottom anchor rod is connected with the middle anchor rod; the head anchor rod is connected with the middle anchor rod through the inserting assembly, and the middle anchor rod is connected with the bottom anchor rod through the inserting assembly; the expansion shell anchor head is arranged at one end, far away from the middle anchor rod, of the bottom anchor rod; the anti-rotation assembly is arranged between the head anchor rod and the middle anchor rod, and the anti-rotation assembly is arranged between the middle anchor rod and the bottom anchor rod. By means of the sectional type anchor rod design, the length of the finally-formed anchor rod can be determined according to design requirements, the connecting difficulty between the sections of anchor rods is reduced by designing the inserting-connecting assemblies, the construction progress can be accelerated conveniently, and the construction difficulty is reduced conveniently. And by arranging the anti-rotation assembly, the expansion shell anchor head on the bottom anchor rod can be smoothly clamped into the bottom rock, and the slope prevention and control effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope system prevention and control, and in particular to a structure and method for preventing and controlling a super-high and steep slope system. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, there is often a situation where the stability of ultra-high and steep rock slopes is low, which affects the quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects. Especially during the excavation of the reservoir spillway, it is easy to reduce the stability of the slope, which has a certain impact on the smooth progress of the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects. In order to ensure the safety of the project, the ultra-high and steep slope system prevention and control technology is applied in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects to achieve the reinforcement and management of high slopes, which is of great significance to improving the quality of the project.

[0003] In the past, the reinforcement technology of ultra-high and steep slopes generally relied on anchor rods to stabilize the slopes and improve the stability of the slopes. However, in the prior art, due to the limitation of the length of the anchor rods, it is difficult to insert the anchor rods into the underlying rock, resulting in poor anchoring effect and prone to slope deformation. Even if the prior art connects the anchor rods through connecting sleeves to increase the length of the anchor rods, the connection operation of the connecting sleeves is complicated and has poor anti-rotation ability.

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to propose a system prevention and control structure and method for ultra-high and steep slopes, which can enable the anchor rods to be inserted into the underlying rock and have simple construction steps. This has become an important technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a super-high and steep slope prevention and control structure and method, aiming to solve the problem that the anchor rod is difficult to insert into the underlying rock due to the limitation of the length of the anchor rod in the prior art, resulting in poor anchoring effect and the slope deformation is still prone to occur. Even if the prior art connects the anchor rod by connecting the anchor rod through a connecting sleeve to increase the length of the anchor rod, the connection operation of the connecting sleeve is complicated and the anti-rotation ability is poor.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application proposes a super-high and steep slope system prevention and control structure, which includes: a first anchor rod; an intermediate anchor rod, which is connected to the first anchor rod; a bottom anchor rod, which is connected to the intermediate anchor rod; a plug-in assembly, which is connected to the first anchor rod through the intermediate anchor rod, and the intermediate anchor rod is connected to the bottom anchor rod through the plug-in assembly; an expanding shell anchor head, which is arranged at one end of the bottom anchor rod away from the intermediate anchor rod; an anti-rotation assembly, which is arranged between the first anchor rod and the intermediate anchor rod, and between the intermediate anchor rod and the bottom anchor rod.

[0007] In some embodiments, the plug-in assembly includes a plug structure and a socket structure, and the plug structure includes: a plug socket, the plug socket is connected to the middle anchor rod or the first anchor rod; a plug, the plug is arranged on the plug socket; and a first clamping surface, the first clamping surface is arranged on the plug.

[0008] In some embodiments, the sleeve structure includes: an insert sleeve, which is connected to the middle anchor rod or the bottom anchor rod; a card, in which a plurality of cards are arranged circumferentially at intervals in the insert sleeve; and a second clamping surface, in which a second clamping surface is provided at one end of the card away from the insert sleeve.

[0009] In some embodiments, the anti-rotation assembly includes: an anti-rotation groove, which is arranged on the plug sleeve; and an anti-rotation key, which is arranged on the plug socket.

[0010] In some embodiments, it also includes: an exposed ring sleeve, the exposed ring sleeve is arranged on the head anchor rod; a support rope, the support rope is connected to the exposed ring sleeve; and a steel rope net, the steel rope net is connected to the support rope.

[0011] In some embodiments, it also includes: a rope clamp, through which the support rope is connected to the exposed ring sleeve; and a suture line, through which the steel rope net is connected to the support rope.

[0012] In some embodiments, it also includes: an anchor hole pit, the anchor hole pit is set in the super-steep slope, and the anchor hole is located in the anchor hole pit; a pad, the pad is screwed to the first anchor rod; a grouting plug, the grouting plug is set on the first anchor rod and abuts the pad, and grouting is provided on the grouting plug.

[0013] Based on another purpose of the present application, the present application also provides a method for preventing and controlling a super-high and steep slope system, which uses a prevention and control structure as described above, and includes: S1. Cleaning the prevention and control area and determining the anchor hole position; S2. Drilling anchor holes according to the designed depth and cleaning the holes; S3. Inserting anchor rods into the anchor holes and splicing anchor rods as required; S4. Rotating the anchor rods so that the expansion shell anchor heads of the anchor rods are stuck in the underlying rock; S5. Grouting into the anchor holes and curing the slurry after it is formed; S6. Installing support ropes; S6. Laying a steel rope net from top to bottom and connecting the steel rope net to the support ropes through sutures.

[0014] In some embodiments, in the above S4, after the anchor head of the anchor rod abuts against the bottom of the anchor hole, the anchor rod is rotated.

[0015] In some embodiments, in the above S6, the support rope includes a longitudinal support rope and a transverse support rope, and there is tension in the support rope.

[0016] The technical solution of this application proposes a super-high and steep slope system prevention and control structure, which includes: a first anchor rod; an intermediate anchor rod, which is connected to the first anchor rod; a bottom anchor rod, which is connected to the intermediate anchor rod; a plug-in assembly, in which the first anchor rod is connected to the intermediate anchor rod through the plug-in assembly, and the intermediate anchor rod is connected to the bottom anchor rod through the plug-in assembly; an expansion shell anchor head, in which the expansion shell anchor head is arranged at the end of the bottom anchor rod away from the intermediate anchor rod; an anti-rotation assembly, in which an anti-rotation assembly is arranged between the first anchor rod and the intermediate anchor rod, and an anti-rotation assembly is arranged between the intermediate anchor rod and the bottom anchor rod. The depth of the anchor hole of the super-high and steep slope is greater than 25m. The super-long anchor rod adapted to the depth of the anchor hole adopts a segmented design of the first anchor rod, the intermediate anchor rod and the bottom anchor rod, which is conducive to the production and transportation of the anchor rod. In the process of inserting the anchor rod, multiple sections of intermediate anchor rods can be inserted between the first anchor rod and the bottom anchor rod according to the design requirements, so that the total length of the anchor rod meets the design requirements and the anchor rod can form an effective connection with the bottom rock layer of the slope. Due to the complex construction environment of ultra-high and steep slopes, the use of plug-in components to achieve the connection between the first anchor rod and the middle anchor rod and the connection between the middle anchor rod and the bottom anchor rod is conducive to reducing the complexity of the connection operation, facilitating the acceleration of the construction progress and the difficulty of construction, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the construction. After the anchor rod is fully inserted into the anchor hole, it is necessary to rotate the anchor rod so that the expansion shell anchor head at the bottom of the anchor rod is inserted into the bottom rock layer to enhance the connection force between the anchor rod and the bottom rock layer. At this time, in order to avoid relative rotation between the first anchor rod and the middle anchor rod or between the middle anchor rod and the bottom anchor rod, an anti-rotation component is set to avoid relative rotation between the first anchor rod and the middle anchor rod or between the middle anchor rod and the bottom anchor rod, so that the power on the first anchor rod can be smoothly transmitted to the bottom anchor rod, so that the expansion shell anchor head can be smoothly anchored into the bottom rock. This application uses the segmented anchor rod design of the first anchor rod, the middle anchor rod and the bottom anchor rod, which is conducive to determining the length of the final anchor rod according to the design requirements, ensuring the effect of slope prevention and control, and reducing the difficulty of connection between the anchor rods by designing the plug-in component, which is convenient for accelerating the construction progress and reducing the difficulty of construction, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the construction. By setting up the anti-rotation component, the expansion shell anchor head on the bottom anchor rod can be smoothly inserted into the underlying rock, ensuring the effect of slope prevention and control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which: Figure 1 This is an end view of a super-high and steep slope in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an anchor hole in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the anchor rod and the support rope in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor rod, support rope and steel rope net in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an anchor rod in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of an anchor rod in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the middle A part; Figure 8 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the middle B part; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first anchor rod in one embodiment of the present application; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle anchor rod in one embodiment of the present application; Fig.11 for Fig.10 A partial enlarged view of the middle C part; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bottom anchor rod in one embodiment of the present application.

[0018] In the figure: super-high and steep slope 1, anchor hole pit 101, steel rope net 2, exposed ring sleeve 3, anchor rod 4, first anchor rod 41, middle anchor rod 42, bottom anchor rod 43, rope clamp 5, support rope 6, suture line 7, expansion shell anchor head 8, anti-rotation key 91, card 92, plug 93, insert tube 94, first clamping surface 95, anti-rotation groove 96, plug seat 97, pad 10, slurry stop plug 11, grouting hole 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0021] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0022] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0023] Embodiment 1 See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.12 As shown, the present application proposes a super-high and steep slope system 1 control structure, which includes: a first anchor rod 41; an intermediate anchor rod 42, which is connected to the first anchor rod 41; a bottom anchor rod 43, which is connected to the intermediate anchor rod 42; a plug-in assembly, in which the first anchor rod 41 is connected to the intermediate anchor rod 42 via a plug-in assembly, and the intermediate anchor rod 42 is connected to the bottom anchor rod 43 via a plug-in assembly; an expanding shell anchor head 8, which is arranged at one end of the bottom anchor rod 43 away from the intermediate anchor rod 42; an anti-rotation assembly, in which an anti-rotation assembly is arranged between the first anchor rod 41 and the intermediate anchor rod 42, and an anti-rotation assembly is arranged between the intermediate anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43.

[0024] Among them, the first anchor rod 41, the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43 are connected together to form the anchor rod 4. The number of the middle anchor rods 42 can be set according to the design requirements so that the length of the anchor rod 4 meets the design requirements, so that the anchor rod 4 can pass through the surface rock and extend into the bottom rock to form a connection between the surface rock and the bottom rock, thereby preventing the surface rock of the super-high and steep slope 1 from sliding. The plug-in assembly is used to realize the connection between the first anchor rod 41 and the middle anchor rod 42 or the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43. In the process of connecting the first anchor rod 41 and the middle anchor rod 42 or the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43, it is only necessary to align the first anchor rod 41 and the middle anchor rod 42, and then insert part of the first anchor rod 41 into the middle anchor rod 42 to realize the connection between the two. The connection operation is simple, which is conducive to enhancing the construction efficiency. In addition, due to the complexity of the super-high and steep slope 1 environment, simplifying the connection operation of the anchor rod 4 and the middle anchor rod 42 is also conducive to enhancing the safety of construction and avoiding safety accidents. The expansion shell anchor head 8 is used to anchor into the underlying rock of the ultra-high and steep slope 1, to enhance the connection force between the anchor rod 4 and the underlying rock, thereby enhancing the protective effect of the anchor rod 4 on the slope. In the process of the expansion shell anchor head 8 anchoring into the underlying rock of the slope, the anchor rod 4 needs to be rotated, and the rotational force of the anchor rod 4 comes from the first anchor rod 41. The first anchor rod 41 is connected to a special sleeve, and drives the entire anchor rod 4 to rotate under the drive of special equipment. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43 rotate together with the anchor rod 41 to ensure that the expansion shell anchor head 8 can be normally anchored into the underlying rock of the slope. The anti-rotation component is used to ensure that there is no relative rotation between the first anchor rod 41 and the middle anchor rod 42, and to ensure that there is no relative rotation between the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43, thereby ensuring that the rotational force on the first anchor rod 41 can be transmitted to the bottom anchor rod 43.

[0025] Specifically, the depth of the anchor hole of the ultra-high and steep slope 1 is greater than 25m, and the super-long anchor rod 4 adapted to the depth of the anchor hole adopts a segmented design of a first anchor rod 41, an intermediate anchor rod 42 and a bottom anchor rod 43, which is conducive to the production and transportation of the anchor rod 4. In the process of inserting the anchor rod 4, multiple sections of intermediate anchor rods 42 can be inserted between the first anchor rod 41 and the bottom anchor rod 43 according to design requirements, so that the total length of the anchor rod 4 meets the design requirements, so that the anchor rod 4 can form an effective connection with the bottom rock layer of the ultra-high and steep slope 1. Due to the complex construction environment of the ultra-high and steep slope 1, the use of plug-in components to achieve the connection between the first anchor rod 41 and the intermediate anchor rod 42 and the connection between the intermediate anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43 is conducive to reducing the complexity of the connection operation, facilitating the acceleration of the construction progress and construction difficulty, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the construction. After the anchor rod 4 is fully inserted into the anchor hole, the anchor rod 4 needs to be rotated so that the expansion shell anchor head 8 at the bottom of the anchor rod 4 is inserted into the bottom rock layer to enhance the connection force between the anchor rod 4 and the bottom rock layer. At this time, in order to avoid relative rotation between the first anchor rod 41 and the middle anchor rod 42 or between the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43, an anti-rotation component is set to avoid relative rotation between the first anchor rod 41 and the middle anchor rod 42 or between the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43, so that the power on the first anchor rod 41 can be smoothly transmitted to the bottom anchor rod 43, so that the expansion shell anchor head 8 can be smoothly anchored into the bottom rock. The present application uses the segmented anchor rod 4 design of the first anchor rod 41, the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43, which is conducive to determining the length of the final anchor rod 4 according to the design requirements, ensuring the effect of slope prevention and control, and reducing the difficulty of connection between the anchor rods 4 by designing the plug-in component, which is convenient for accelerating the construction progress and reducing the construction difficulty, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the construction. By providing the anti-rotation assembly, the expansion shell anchor head 8 on the bottom anchor rod 43 can be smoothly inserted into the bottom rock, thereby ensuring the effect of slope prevention and control.

[0026] In detail, the physical and mechanical properties of rocks change with increasing burial depth. Although the basic physical components and structures of rocks are similar, the density, longitudinal wave velocity, uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength and elastic modulus of rocks all increase slightly with increasing burial depth. The stability of the surface rock of the ultra-high and steep slope 1 is lower than that of the underlying rock. At this time, in order to enhance the support effect of the ultra-high and steep slope 1, it is necessary to extend the anchor hole into the underlying rock, and connect the surface rock with the underlying rock through the anchor rod 4 and the concrete structure outside the anchor rod 4, thereby enhancing the stability of the surface rock, and then enhancing the prevention and control effect of the ultra-high and steep slope 1. The depth of the anchor hole needs to be set according to the specific situation of the ultra-high steep slope 1, but the depth of the anchor hole is generally more than 25m. The production and transportation difficulties of the integrated anchor rod 4 exceeding 25m are relatively large. The segmented anchor rod 4 design is conducive to solving the problems of production and transportation difficulties. The existing segmented anchor rod 4 connector is generally realized by a connecting sleeve, and the connecting sleeve needs to be connected by screwing. The connection operation is complicated and has certain construction difficulties. The plug-in assembly in this embodiment can effectively solve the problem of complicated connection operation. In addition, the connecting sleeve is connected by screwing. When the bottom anchor rod 43 needs to be rotated, the connecting sleeve may cause the rotational force to be unable to be transmitted to the bottom anchor rod 43, affecting the connection strength between the anchor rod 4 and the underlying rock, thereby affecting the effect of slope prevention and control. The anti-rotation assembly can effectively solve this problem.

[0027] Among them, the materials of the first anchor rod 41, the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43 are all ultra-high strength steel, which is a very high strength material with a tensile strength of more than 1500MPa. It can be used to resist huge loads in special geological environments. In addition, it also has the characteristics of light weight and corrosion resistance. The first anchor rod 41, the middle anchor rod 42 and the bottom anchor rod 43 are all provided with through holes.

[0028] See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, the plug assembly includes a plug structure and a socket structure, and the plug structure includes: a plug seat 97, the plug seat 97 is connected to the middle anchor rod 42 or the first anchor rod 41, and the plug seat 97 is installed on the middle anchor rod 42 or the first anchor rod 41, preferably, the plug seat 97 is formed integrally with the middle anchor rod 42 or the first anchor rod 41; a plug 93, the plug 93 is arranged on the plug seat 97, the plug 93 and the plug seat 97 are formed integrally, the plug 93 includes a connecting section and an enlarged head, and the connecting section is connected to the plug seat 97; a first clamping surface 95, and the first clamping surface 95 is arranged on the plug 93. Since the diameter of the enlarged head is larger than the connecting section, the first clamping surface 95 is formed at the connection between the enlarged head and the connecting section. The plug-in sleeve structure includes: an insert sleeve 94, which is connected to the middle anchor rod 42 or the bottom anchor rod 43; the insert sleeve 94 is installed on the middle anchor rod 42 or the bottom anchor rod 43, and preferably, the plug socket 97 is welded on the middle anchor rod 42 or the bottom anchor rod 43; a card 92, a plurality of cards 92 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction in the insert sleeve 94; a mounting platform is provided in the insert sleeve 94, and the mounting platform is used to connect the card 92, and a gap is provided between the card 92 and the insert sleeve 94 to provide space for the deformation of the card 92, and the card 92 is provided with multiple pieces, which are arranged on the mounting platform at intervals along the circumferential direction, and there is also a gap between two adjacent cards 92, and a second card surface, and a second card surface is provided at one end of the card 92 away from the insert sleeve 94, and the second card surface is provided. The joint surface is the end surface of the card 92 away from the mounting platform. During the plugging process, the plug socket 97 is aligned with the plug sleeve 94, that is, the plug socket 97 and the plug sleeve 94 are in a coaxial state. At this time, the plug socket 97 is driven to slowly insert into the plug sleeve 94. During the insertion of the plug 93, the enlarged head forces the card 92 to deform radially outward. When the enlarged head passes over the second clamping surface of the card 92 at the maximum diameter, the enlarged head is separated from the contact with the card 92. At this time, the card 92 returns to its initial shape under the action of its own elastic force, so that the second clamping surface of the card 92 is abutted against the first clamping surface 95, and at this time, the end surface of the plug socket 97 is also abutted against the end surface of the plug sleeve 94, forming a connection between the plug socket 97 and the plug sleeve 94.

[0029] In this embodiment, a plug structure is provided at one end of the first anchor rod 41, a socket structure is provided at one end of the middle anchor rod 42, and a plug structure is provided at the other end, and a socket structure is provided at one end of the bottom anchor rod 43, and an expansion shell anchor head 8 is provided at the other end. The first anchor rod 41 and the middle anchor rod 42 are connected by making the first anchor rod 41 coaxial with the middle anchor rod 42, and inserting the plug structure of the first anchor rod 41 into the socket structure of the middle anchor rod 42. Similarly, the bottom anchor rod 43 and the middle anchor rod 42 are connected by making the bottom anchor rod 43 coaxial with the middle anchor rod 42, and inserting the plug structure of the middle anchor rod 42 into the socket structure of the bottom anchor rod 43. If multiple sections of the middle anchor rod 42 are provided, the connection method of two adjacent middle anchor rods 42 is the same as the above-mentioned connection method, which will not be repeated here. The plug seat 97, the plug 93 and the insert tube 94 are all provided with through holes.

[0030] Among them, the angle between the first clamping surface 95 and the connecting section is greater than 45° and less than or equal to 90°, and the second clamping surface is adapted to the first clamping surface 95. When the angle is 90°, it is a plane clamping, and when the angle is less than 90°, it is an inclined clamping. At this time, under the action of the pulling force, the plug 93 and the card 92 tend to be more and more tightly clamped, avoiding the situation where the card 92 and the plug 93 are separated, and further enhancing the stability of the connection. Thereby enhancing the reliability of the slope prevention and control means. Preferably, the angle between the first clamping surface 95 and the connecting section is between 60°-75°, and more preferably, the angle between the first clamping surface 95 and the connecting section is 70°.

[0031] See also Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, in some embodiments, the anti-rotation assembly includes: an anti-rotation groove 96, which is arranged on the insert tube 94; preferably, there are four anti-rotation grooves 96, which are arranged on the insert tube 94 at intervals along the circumferential direction. An anti-rotation key 91, which is arranged on the plug seat 97. The size of the anti-rotation key 91 is adapted to the anti-rotation groove 96, and the anti-rotation key 91 is inserted into the anti-rotation groove 96 during the process of the plug 93 being inserted into the insert tube 94, that is, the anti-rotation structure is formed during the process of the anchor rod 4 being plugged in, thereby enhancing the construction efficiency.

[0032] In this embodiment, the anti-rotation groove 96 can be any one of a rectangular groove, an arc groove, and a fold line groove, and no specific limitation is made here. Preferably, a flared portion is provided at the upper end of the anti-rotation groove 96 to form a guide for the anti-rotation key 91 so that the anti-rotation key 91 can be more easily inserted into the anti-rotation groove 96.

[0033] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, it also includes: an exposed ring sleeve 3, which is arranged on the first anchor rod 41; the other end of the first anchor rod 41 is equipped with the exposed ring sleeve 3, which is screwed to the first anchor rod 41, and the exposed ring sleeve 3 is the structural basis of the support rope 6, and the support rope 6 is connected to the exposed ring sleeve 3; the support rope 6 is also the structural basis of the steel rope net 2, which is used to connect the steel rope net 2, and the steel rope net 2 is connected to the support rope 6. The steel rope net 2 is preferably a 30*30 φ8 steel rope net 2, which is used to prevent the occurrence of collapse and rockfall as much as possible and limit a small part of the rockfall to move within a certain space.

[0034] In this embodiment, along the slope direction of the super-steep slope 1, a plurality of rows of anchor holes are evenly spaced on the super-steep slope 1, each row of anchor holes includes a plurality of anchor holes evenly spaced, and an anchor rod 4 is arranged in each anchor hole, so that a plurality of fixed points are formed on the slope surface of the super-steep slope 1, and the support rope 6 includes a transverse support rope 6 and a longitudinal support rope 6, and the support rope 6 is hung on the fixed point formed by the anchor rod 4. Through the above-mentioned structural design, the support rope 6 forms a plurality of grids on the slope surface of the super-steep slope 1, and a steel rope net 2 is hung in each grid.

[0035] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, it also includes: a rope clamp 5, through which the support rope 6 is connected to the exposed ring 3; after the support rope 6 is hung on the exposed ring 3, it is fixed by the rope clamp 5, and a suture line 7, through which the steel rope net 2 is connected to the support rope 6. The steel rope net 2 is fixed to the corresponding support rope 6 by the suture line 7 at its four edges.

[0036] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, in some embodiments, it also includes: an anchor hole pit 101, the anchor hole pit 101 is set in the super-steep slope 1, and the anchor hole is located in the anchor hole pit 101; in order to make the steel rope net 2 fit the slope surface more closely, the anchor hole pit 101 is processed around the anchor hole, so that the exposed ring sleeve 3 is located in the anchor hole pit 101, so that the support rope 6 fits the slope surface of the super-steep slope 1 more closely, and the pad 10 is screwed to the first anchor rod 41; the grouting plug 11 is set on the first anchor rod 41 and abuts the pad 10, and the grouting plug 11 is provided with a grouting hole 12. The slurry stopper is used to prevent the slurry from overflowing. The slurry stopper plug 11 can be deformed under the extrusion of the pad 10, so as to block the entire anchor hole. Since an anchor hole pit 101 is provided, and the shape of the anchor hole pit 101 is irregular, the slurry stopper plug 11 in this embodiment includes a plug body part for blocking the anchor hole mouth, and also includes an extension part for blocking the anchor hole pit 101. Both the plug body and the extension part can be deformed to better block the anchor hole mouth and the anchor hole pit 101, and further prevent the slurry from overflowing.

[0037] Embodiment 2 In this embodiment, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are given the same figure marks, and the same text descriptions are omitted.

[0038] This embodiment discloses a method for preventing and controlling a super-high and steep slope 1 system. The method uses the prevention and control structure in the first embodiment. The method includes: S1, cleaning the prevention and control area and determining the hole position of the anchor rod 4; removing loose soil and floating stones that threaten the construction safety in the prevention and control area of ​​the super-high and steep slope 1, and properly trimming the local terrain that is not conducive to construction and installation and affects the normal function of the prevention and control structure after installation. Such as local accumulations, protrusions, etc. Effectively cleaning the prevention and control area can ensure the prevention and control effect of the slope; S2. Drill anchor holes according to the designed depth and clean the holes; determine the hole positions of the anchor rods 4 by laying out and measuring. Within the allowable adjustment range of the hole spacing, select the anchor holes as low as possible. For the anchor holes 4 that are not low or cannot meet the requirement that the support rope 6 is as close to the slope as possible after the system is installed, an anchor hole pit 101 with a depth not less than the length of the exposed ring sleeve 3 of the anchor rod 4 should be drilled at each hole position. The diameter of the anchor hole pit 101 is generally 20 cm and the depth is 20 cm; S3, insert the anchor rod 4 into the anchor hole, and splice the anchor rod 4 as required; S4, rotate the anchor rod 4 so that the expansion shell anchor head 8 of the anchor rod 4 is stuck in the underlying rock; S5, grouting into the anchor hole, and curing it after the slurry is formed; in the process of placing the anchor rod 4, first insert the bottom anchor rod 43 into the anchor hole, and when the bottom anchor rod 43 is about to be inserted into the anchor hole, connect the middle anchor rod 42, and repeat the above operation to insert the anchor rod 4 into the anchor hole. It should be noted that a centering bracket is also provided on the anchor rod 4 to ensure that the anchor rod 4 is always in the center position of the anchor hole. The centering bracket is a mature existing technology and its structure is not specifically limited here. When grouting, cement mortar with a grade not less than M20 is used for grouting. It is advisable to use cement mortar with a cement-sand ratio of 1:1~12 and a water-cement ratio of 0.45~050 or pure cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.45~050. Cement is preferably 425 ordinary Portland cement. Medium-fine sand with a particle size of no more than 3mm is preferred to ensure that the slurry is full. The grouting body is cured for no less than three days before the next process; S6, install the support rope 6; S6, lay the steel rope net 2 from top to bottom, and connect the steel rope net 2 to the support rope 6 through the suture line 7. Both ends of the suture line 7 are connected to the steel rope net 2 through the rope clamp 5.

[0039] In some embodiments, in the above S4, after the expansion anchor head 8 of the anchor rod 4 abuts the bottom of the anchor hole, the anchor rod 4 is rotated. After the anchor rod 4 is inserted into the anchor hole, the expansion anchor head 8 on the bottom anchor rod 43 is closely attached to the bottom of the hole of the anchor rod 4. At this time, the first anchor rod 41 is connected by a special device, and the first anchor rod 41 is driven to rotate, so that the expansion anchor head 8 is inserted into the bottom rock. Since the expansion anchor head 8 is a mature existing technology, the specific structure of the expansion anchor head 8 is not limited here.

[0040] In some embodiments, in the above S6, the support rope 6 includes a longitudinal support rope 6 and a transverse support rope 6, and there is tension in the support rope 6. A wire rope net is laid in each grid formed by the support rope 6, and the support rope 6 needs to be tensioned when arranged. Each wire rope net is sutured and connected with the surrounding support ropes 6 by suture ropes, and the suture ropes are tightened. The above tensioning operation can make the steel rope net 2 and the support rope 6 apply a certain normal pre-tightening pressure to the slope surface, thereby improving the stability of the surface rock and soil mass and preventing the occurrence of collapse and rockfall as much as possible. A small grid steel wire mesh of 50X50cm can also be laid under the steel rope net 2 to prevent the collapse of small-sized rock blocks or limit the damage of local rock and soil mass.

[0041] The above description is only a partial or preferred embodiment of the present application. Neither the text nor the drawings can limit the scope of protection of the present application. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the overall concept of the present application, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. Ultra-high and steep slope system prevention and control structure, characterized by: The prevention and control structure includes: First anchor rod (41); An intermediate anchor rod (42), the intermediate anchor rod (42) being connected to the first anchor rod (41); A bottom anchor rod (43), the bottom anchor rod (43) being connected to the middle anchor rod (42); A plug-in assembly, wherein the first anchor rod (41) is connected to the middle anchor rod (42) via the plug-in assembly, and the middle anchor rod (42) is connected to the bottom anchor rod (43) via the plug-in assembly; An expansion shell anchor head (8), the expansion shell anchor head (8) being arranged at an end of the bottom anchor rod (43) away from the middle anchor rod (42); An anti-rotation component is provided between the first anchor rod (41) and the middle anchor rod (42), and an anti-rotation component is provided between the middle anchor rod (42) and the bottom anchor rod (43).

2. The super-high and steep slope system prevention and control structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plug assembly comprises a plug structure and a socket structure, and the plug structure comprises: A plug socket (97), the plug socket (97) being connected to the intermediate anchor rod (42) or the first anchor rod (41); A plug (93), the plug (93) being arranged on the plug seat (97); A first clamping surface (95), wherein the first clamping surface (95) is arranged on the plug (93).

3. The super-high and steep slope system control structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The socket structure comprises: An inserting tube (94), the inserting tube (94) being connected to the middle anchor rod (42) or the bottom anchor rod (43); A card (92), wherein a plurality of cards (92) are arranged in the inserting tube (94) at intervals along the circumferential direction; A second card-joining surface: a second card-joining surface is provided at one end of the card (92) away from the inserting tube (94).

4. The super-high and steep slope system control structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The anti-rotation component comprises: an anti-rotation groove (96), the anti-rotation groove (96) being arranged on the insert tube (94); An anti-rotation key (91), the anti-rotation key (91) being arranged on the plug socket (97).

5. The super-high and steep slope system control structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: An exposed ring sleeve (3), wherein the exposed ring sleeve (3) is arranged on the first anchor rod (41); A support rope (6), the support rope (6) being connected to the exposed ring sleeve (3); A steel rope net (2), wherein the steel rope net (2) is connected to the supporting rope (6).

6. The super-high and steep slope system control structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Also includes: A rope clamp (5), wherein the support rope (6) is connected to the exposed ring sleeve (3) via the rope clamp (5); A suture line (7), wherein the steel rope net (2) is connected to the support rope (6) via the suture line (7).

7. The super-high and steep slope system control structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: An anchor hole pit (101), the anchor hole pit (101) being arranged on the super-high steep slope (1), and the anchor hole being located in the anchor hole pit (101); A backing plate (10), the backing plate (10) being screwed to the head anchor rod (41); A grouting plug (11), the grouting plug (11) being arranged on the first anchor rod (41) and abutting against the backing plate (10), and a grouting hole (12) being arranged on the grouting plug (11).

8. A method for preventing and controlling ultra-high and steep slopes, characterized in that: The control method uses the control structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the control method comprises: S1. Clean the prevention area and determine the anchor hole position; S2. Drill anchor holes according to the designed depth and clean the holes; S3, insert the anchor rod into the anchor hole and splice the anchor rod as required; S4, rotate the anchor rod so that the anchor head of the anchor rod is stuck in the bottom rock; S5, injecting grout into the anchor hole and curing the grout after it is formed; S6. Install the support rope; S6. Lay a steel rope net from top to bottom and connect the steel rope net to the supporting rope through sutures.

9. The method for preventing and controlling super-high and steep slopes according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the above S4, after the expansion shell anchor head of the anchor rod abuts against the bottom of the anchor hole, the anchor rod is rotated.

10. The method for preventing and controlling super-high and steep slopes according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the above S6, the support ropes include longitudinal support ropes and transverse support ropes, and tension exists in the support ropes.

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