A fish passage system with both autonomous and assisted fish passage functions

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection technology, and in particular to a fish passage system with both autonomous and auxiliary fish passage functions, comprising a base and a fish passage assembly; a vertical pier is provided on the base; a temporary storage tray is provided on the upper part of the pier; the upper part of the fish passage assembly is mounted on the outer circumference of the temporary storage tray via a hinge structure; a driving mechanism is provided on the pier for driving the fish passage assembly to rotate around the pin of the hinge structure; the fish passage assembly includes a first square tube and a second square tube; a fish lifting mechanism is provided in the first square tube for vertically lifting fish into the temporary storage tray; multiple pairs of fish passage baffles are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the second square tube to form a vertical slot fish passage; a water pump is provided on the pier for replenishing water to the temporary storage tray and the second square tube; and a discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the temporary storage tray.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection technology, and in particular to a fish passage system that combines autonomous and auxiliary fish passage functions. Background Technology

[0002] Fish lifts are one of the main types of fish passage facilities in water conservancy and hydropower projects. Their working principle is similar to that of a ship lift. They mainly use fish-attracting devices to lure fish into metal net cages or water tank-type fish-collecting boxes, and then use vertical or inclined lifting methods to tilt the fish-collecting boxes, thereby achieving the purpose of fish moving upward or downward.

[0003] Fish passages are the most widely used type of fish passage facility in water conservancy and hydropower projects. They consist of partitions and guides installed on the two side walls of a water tank, forming a vertical slit between them, thus dividing the water tank into a series of pools.

[0004] In terms of practical effects, fish lifts are non-autonomous upstream fish passage facilities. They improve the efficiency of fish crossing dams through mechanical lifting and transfer processes. They are small in overall size, have low sensitivity to changes in the upstream water level of the dam, and require less physical exertion from fish crossing the dam. They are suitable for bottom-dwelling fish. However, their disadvantages include high operation and maintenance costs. Because the transfer and lifting process is mechanical, the operation has periodic characteristics, making it difficult to achieve continuous passage of large numbers of fish across the dam. Fishways, on the other hand, are autonomous upstream fish passage facilities. They mainly use fishway baffles to dissipate energy from the water flow in the fishway pool to create suitable hydraulic conditions for fish to move upstream. Fishways have the advantages of structural stability and minimal interference from human mechanical operation, enabling continuous passage of large groups of fish. However, their disadvantages include a fixed fishway outlet structure, making it difficult to adapt to large-scale changes in the upstream water level of the dam. In addition, to achieve a good energy dissipation effect, they often need to be arranged in a winding manner, occupying a large amount of site space.

[0005] In existing technologies, the structures of fish lifts or fish passages are fixed and unchanging. There is currently no fish passage facility that combines the advantages of both fish lifts and fish passages, and each has its own drawbacks. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new type of fish passage facility that can combine the advantages of fish lifts and fish passages, achieving continuous fish passage and good energy dissipation like a fish passage, while also having a small footprint and adaptability to large water level fluctuations like a fish lift. This has far-reaching and positive significance for promoting research on fish passage facilities in the water conservancy and hydropower industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to propose a fish-passing system that combines autonomous and assisted fish-passing functions, aiming to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a fish passage system with both autonomous and assisted fish passage functions, comprising a base and a fish passage assembly; a vertical support column is provided on the base; a temporary storage tray is provided on the upper part of the support column; the upper part of the fish passage assembly is mounted on the outer circumference of the temporary storage tray via a hinge structure; a driving mechanism is provided on the support column to drive the fish passage assembly to rotate around the pin of the hinge structure; the fish passage assembly includes a first square tube and a second square tube; a fish lifting mechanism is provided in the first square tube to vertically lift fish into the temporary storage tray; multiple pairs of fish passage baffles are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the second square tube to form a vertical slot fish passage; a water pump is provided on the support column to replenish water to the temporary storage tray and the second square tube; and a discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the temporary storage tray.

[0008] Preferably, the fish lifting mechanism includes a slide rail, multiple fish collection boxes, and multiple lead screws disposed inside the first square tube; the fish collection boxes are slidably engaged with the slide rail, and each fish collection box is threadedly engaged with a lead screw; multiple drive motors are disposed at the top of the first square tube, and the output shaft of each drive motor is connected to the top of a lead screw; fish collection ports at different elevations are disposed on the first square tube, and when the fish collection box is stopped at the fish collection port, the fish collection port is connected to the inlet of the fish collection box; a fish outlet is disposed at the upper part of the first square tube, and when the fish collection box is stopped at the fish outlet, the outlet of the fish collection box is connected to the fish outlet; a sliding plate is hinged at the fish outlet, and the sliding plate can be attached to the temporary storage tray.

[0009] Preferably, a first winch is provided at the top of the first square tube, and a first traction rope is wound on the first winch. The first traction rope is connected to the slide plate and is used to drive the slide plate to rotate around the hinge point.

[0010] Preferably, the fish-collecting opening is funnel-shaped and a fish-attracting device is provided on the fish-collecting opening.

[0011] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a walkway plate, a second winch, and a second wire rope wound on the second winch; the walkway plate is fixedly installed on the upper part of the pier, the second winch is installed on the cantilever end of the walkway plate, and the second wire rope is connected to the fishway assembly.

[0012] Preferably, a fixed pier is provided on the top of the pier; multiple cables are provided between the fixed pier and the walkway slab.

[0013] Preferably, the hinge structure includes a first hinge plate, a second hinge plate, and a pin; the first hinge plate is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the temporary storage disk; the second hinge plate is welded to the second square tube body; the first hinge plate and the second hinge plate are connected by a pin.

[0014] Preferably, multiple diagonal bracing rods are provided between the pier and the base.

[0015] Preferably, an inlet gate is provided at the fish inlet end of the second square tube.

[0016] Preferably, the fish transfer system further includes a transfer vehicle, and the discharge pipe is connected to the transfer vehicle.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] (1) This invention constructs an efficient and versatile fish passage mode. In this invention, by setting a fish lifting mechanism in the first square tube and a fishway partition in the second square tube, two fish passage channels with both autonomous and assisted upstream functions are constructed for the fishway assembly. In use, the entire fish passage system is installed on the river channel downstream of the dam. When the water level downstream of the dam is low, the entire fishway assembly can be adjusted to a vertical position. The fish lifting mechanism in the first square tube is used to vertically lift the fish to a temporary storage tray, and then the fish are released through the discharge pipe to form a transfer. When the water level downstream of the dam rises to a high position, the fishway assembly can be adjusted to an inclined position by the drive mechanism. The fish pass autonomously through the vertical slit fishway formed by the second square tube. The upstream fish enter the temporary storage tray through the vertical slit fishway and are then released through the discharge pipe to form a transfer. Therefore, the fish passage system provided by this invention combines autonomous and assisted fish passage modes, subverting the traditional single fish passage mode of fish passage facilities, giving full play to the comparative advantages of autonomous and assisted fish passage facilities, and has a broad prospect for promotion in the field of fish passage in high, medium and low dams.

[0019] (2) The fish passage system provided by the present invention can be applied to scenarios with large water level fluctuations downstream of the dam, and is particularly suitable for fish passage needs with large water level fluctuations downstream of the dam. When the downstream water level fluctuates frequently in the middle and low water levels, fish can be collected by fish collection ports at different elevations on the first square tube, and then the fish lifting mechanism can be used to vertically lift the fish into the temporary storage tray. When the downstream water level is high, the fish passage assembly can be adjusted to an inclined state, which can realize the fish lifting machine assisted fish passage mode to the fish passage autonomous fish passage mode, providing space for fish with strong swimming ability to migrate upstream autonomously.

[0020] (3) The fish collection system provided by the present invention collects fish through fish collection ports at different elevations on the first square tube. Each fish collection box is threaded with a screw, and the output shaft of each drive motor is connected to the top of a screw. Therefore, the lifting and lowering process of multiple fish collection boxes inside the first square tube can be realized without interference from each other, and the fish lifting operation can be completed simultaneously in parallel, ensuring the smoothness of the transfer process of multiple groups of imported fish in different water layers. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of the fish passage system provided by the present invention, with the fish passage assembly in a vertical state;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fish passage system provided by the present invention, with the fish passage assembly in a vertical state.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view of the fish passage system provided by the present invention, and the fish passage assembly is in an inclined state;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fish passage system provided by the present invention, and the fish passage assembly is in an inclined state;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the temporary storage disk and the second square tube are hinged in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical slit fishway formed by multiple pairs of fishway partitions spaced from top to bottom inside the second square tube in this invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a front view of the first square tube and its internal fish-lifting mechanism in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a rear view of the first square tube and its internal fish-lifting mechanism in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a side view of the first square tube and its internal fish-lifting mechanism in the present invention, with the slide plate in the unfolded state.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a side view of the first square tube and its internal lifting mechanism in this invention, with the slide plate in a retracted state at this time.

[0032] Figure 11 This invention comprises a three-dimensional structure of the first square tube and its internal fish-lifting mechanism. Figure 1 At this time, the skateboard is in the unfolded state.

[0033] Figure 12This invention comprises a three-dimensional structure of the first square tube and its internal fish-lifting mechanism. Figure 2 At this time, the skateboard is in the unfolded state.

[0034] Figure 13 This invention comprises a three-dimensional structure of the first square tube and its internal fish-lifting mechanism. Figure 3 At this point, the skateboard is in a retracted state.

[0035] Reference numerals: 1. Pier; 2. Fixed pier; 3. Cable; 4. Second winch; 5. Second traction rope; 6. Walkway slab; 7. First square tube; 701. Drive motor; 702. First winch; 703. First traction rope; 704. Slide plate; 705. Fish collection inlet; 706. Fish collection box; 707. Lead screw; 708. Slide rail; 709. Fish outlet; 8. Second square tube; 801. Fishway partition; 802. Inlet gate; 9. Base; 10. Discharge pipe; 11. Transfer vehicle; 12. Temporary storage tray; 13. Pin; 14a. First hinge plate; 14b. Second hinge plate; 15. Water pump; 16. Diagonal brace; 100. Fishway assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0039] Combination Figures 1 to 13As shown, a fish passage system with both autonomous and assisted fish passage functions includes a base 9 and a fish passage assembly 100. A vertical support column 1 is mounted on the base 9. A temporary storage tray 12 is mounted on the upper part of the support column 1. The upper part of the fish passage assembly 100 is mounted on the outer circumference of the temporary storage tray 12 via a hinge structure. A driving mechanism is mounted on the support column 1 to drive the fish passage assembly 100 to rotate around the pin 13 of the hinge structure, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the fish passage assembly 100. The fish passage assembly 100 includes a first square tube 7 and a second square tube 8. A fish lifting mechanism is installed inside the first square tube 7 to vertically lift fish into the temporary storage tray 12. Multiple pairs of fish passage partitions 801 are spaced from top to bottom inside the second square tube 8 to form a vertical slotted fish passage.

[0040] A water pump 15 is installed on the pier 1 to replenish water to the temporary storage tray 12 and the second square pipe 8; a discharge pipe 10 is connected to the bottom of the temporary storage tray 12. Specifically, the water pump 15 is connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The inlet end of the inlet pipe is located below the water level of the river downstream of the dam, and the outlet pipe of the water pump 15 is connected to the temporary storage tray 12 and the second square pipe 8 respectively.

[0041] The fish-lifting mechanism includes a slide rail 708, multiple fish collection boxes 706, and multiple lead screws 707 disposed inside the first square tube 7; the fish collection boxes 706 are slidably engaged with the slide rail 708, and each fish collection box 706 is threadedly engaged with a lead screw 707; multiple drive motors 701 are disposed at the top of the first square tube 7, and the output shaft of each drive motor 701 is connected to the top end of a lead screw 707; fish collection inlets 70 at different elevations are disposed on the first square tube 7. 5. When the fish collecting box 706 is positioned at the fish collecting port 705, the fish collecting port 705 is connected to the inlet of the fish collecting box 706; a fish outlet 709 is provided on the upper part of the first square tube 7, and when the fish collecting box 706 is positioned at the fish outlet 709, the outlet of the fish collecting box 706 is connected to the fish outlet 709; a sliding plate 704 is hinged at the fish outlet 709, and the sliding plate 704 can be attached to the temporary storage tray 12. By adopting the above structure, when fish enter the fish collection box 706 from the fish collection port 705, the corresponding drive motor 701 can be activated to drive the corresponding lead screw 707 to rotate, thereby vertically lifting the fish collection box 706. When the fish collection box 706 moves to the fish outlet 709 position, the drive motor 701 is turned off. At this time, the fish inside the fish collection box 706 can slide down from the fish outlet 709 through the slide plate 704 into the temporary storage tray 12, completing the fish lifting operation. Since each fish collection box 706 is threadedly connected to a lead screw 707, and the output shaft of each drive motor 701 is connected to the top of a lead screw 707, each fish collection box 706 can achieve independent lifting control. The lifting processes of multiple fish collection boxes inside the first tube body do not interfere with each other and can be connected in parallel to complete the fish lifting operation simultaneously.

[0042] A first winch 702 is installed at the top of the first square tube 7, and a first traction rope 703 is wound on the first winch 702. The first traction rope 703 is connected to the slide plate 704 and is used to drive the slide plate 704 to rotate around the hinge point. By using the first winch 702 and the first traction rope 703, the slide plate 704 can be driven to rotate around the hinge point, thereby allowing the slide plate 704 to be retracted or extended. When it is necessary to adjust the fishway assembly 100 to an inclined state, the slide plate 704 can be retracted to avoid interference. When it is necessary to adjust the fishway assembly 100 to a vertical state, the slide plate 704 can be extended and overlapped on the temporary storage tray 12 so that the fish inside the fish collection box 706 can slide from the fish outlet 709 through the slide plate 704 into the temporary storage tray 12.

[0043] The fish collection port 705 is funnel-shaped and is equipped with a fish-attracting device, which includes, but is not limited to, a fish-attracting light.

[0044] The driving mechanism includes a walkway 6, a second winch 4, and a second wire rope 5 wound on the second winch 4. The walkway 6 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the pier 1, the second winch 4 is installed on the cantilever end of the walkway 6, and the second wire rope 5 is connected to the fishway assembly 100. Specifically, the second winch 4 is used to wind up and down the second wire rope 5 to adjust the tilt angle of the fishway assembly 100. When the fishway assembly 100 needs to be set to a vertical state, the second winch 4 is used to lower the second wire rope 5, and the fishway assembly 100 rotates to a vertical state around the pin 13 of the hinge structure under its own weight. When the fishway assembly 100 needs to be set to an tilted state, the second winch 4 is used to wind up the second wire rope 5, causing the fishway assembly 100 to rotate to a tilted state around the pin 13 of the hinge structure.

[0045] A fixed pier 2 is provided on the top of the pier 1; multiple cables 3 are provided between the fixed pier 2 and the walkway slab 6. The stability of the walkway slab 6 can be improved by using the cables 3.

[0046] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the hinge structure includes a first hinge plate 14a, a second hinge plate 14b, and a pin 13; the first hinge plate 14a is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the temporary storage disk 12; the second hinge plate 14b is welded to the second square tube body 8; the first hinge plate 14a and the second hinge plate 14b are connected by the pin 13.

[0047] Multiple diagonal bracing rods 16 are installed between the pier 1 and the base 9 to improve the stability of the pier 1 and prevent swaying.

[0048] In this embodiment, an inlet gate 802 is provided at the fish inlet end of the second square tube 8. The fish inlet of the vertical slit fishway formed by the second square tube 8 is controlled to open and close by the inlet gate 802. A fish-attracting device is also provided at the fish inlet of the vertical slit fishway, including but not limited to a fish-attracting light.

[0049] In this embodiment, the fish transfer system also includes a transfer vehicle 11, and the discharge pipe 10 is connected to the transfer vehicle 11. Specifically, the bottom of the temporary storage tray 12 is concave, with the lowest point of the concave shape at the connection to the discharge pipe 10, which facilitates the transfer of fish to the transfer vehicle 11 after they gather.

[0050] The fish passage system provided in this embodiment is installed on the river channel downstream of the dam. It operates with both assisted and autonomous fish passage modes. Its specific operating principle is as follows:

[0051] (1) Assisted fish crossing mode

[0052] When the water level downstream of the dam is low, the entire fishway assembly 100 can be adjusted to a vertical position, the fish-attracting device on the fish collection port 705 can be activated, the drive motor 701 can drive the lead screw 707 to rotate, and the fish collection box 706 can be controlled to slide on the slide rail 708 to stop at the corresponding fish collection port 705 to receive the attracted fish.

[0053] After the fish enter the fish collection box 706 through the fish collection port 705, the drive motor 701 drives the lead screw 707 to rotate, lifting the fish collection box 706 upwards to the fish outlet 709 of the first square tube 1. At this time, the fish inside the fish collection box 706 can slide down from the fish outlet 709 through the slide plate 704 into the temporary storage tray 12, completing the fish lifting operation. The fish in the temporary storage tray 12 slide down through the release pipe 10 into the transfer vehicle 11, and finally are transferred by the transfer vehicle 11 to the river section above the dam for release, completing a fish crossing process.

[0054] (2) Switch from assisted fish-passing mode to autonomous fish-passing mode.

[0055] When the water level downstream of the dam rises and reaches a high level, the fishway assembly 100 needs to be adjusted to an inclined state, utilizing the vertical slit fishway formed by the second square tube 8 for fish passage. The specific operation is as follows: the second winch 4 winds up the second steel wire rope 5, causing the fishway assembly 100 to rotate around the hinge pin 13, adjusting it from a vertical state to an inclined state, switching from an assisted fish passage mode to an autonomous fish passage mode. At this time, the fish inlet of the vertical slit fishway formed by the second square tube 8 is located at a lower position on the horizontal plane. Water is replenished to the second square tube 8 using the water pump 15, and the inlet gate 802 is opened. The fish swim upstream along the various levels of the vertical slit fishway, finally entering the temporary storage tray 12 from the outlet end of the vertical slit fishway, and finally entering the transfer vehicle 11 through the discharge pipe 10, completing one fish passage across the dam.

[0056] (3) Switch from autonomous fish-crossing mode to assisted fish-crossing mode

[0057] When the downstream water level of the dam drops from a high level to a low level, the system switches back to the auxiliary fish passage mode by operating in a manner opposite to the autonomous fish passage mode.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish-passing system with both autonomous and auxiliary fish-passing functions, characterized in that, It includes a base (9) and a fishway assembly (100); a vertical pier (1) is provided on the base (9); a temporary storage plate (12) is provided on the upper part of the pier (1); the upper part of the fishway assembly (100) is mounted on the outer circumference of the temporary storage plate (12) through a hinge structure; a driving mechanism is provided on the pier (1) to drive the fishway assembly (100) to rotate around the pin (13) of the hinge structure; The fishway assembly (100) includes a first square tube (7) and a second square tube (8); a fish lifting mechanism is provided in the first square tube (7) to vertically lift the fish into the temporary storage tray (12); multiple pairs of fishway partitions (801) are arranged from top to bottom in the second square tube (8) to form a vertical slit fishway. A water pump (15) is installed on the pier (1) to replenish water to the temporary storage tray (12) and the second square pipe (8); a discharge pipe (10) is connected to the bottom of the temporary storage tray (12). The fish-lifting mechanism includes a slide rail (708) disposed inside the first square tube (7), multiple fish collection boxes (706), and multiple lead screws (707); the fish collection boxes (706) are slidably engaged with the slide rail (708), and each fish collection box (706) is threadedly engaged with a lead screw (707); multiple drive motors (701) are disposed at the top of the first square tube (7), and the output shaft of each drive motor (701) is connected to the top of a lead screw (707); fish collection ports (705) at different elevations are disposed on the first square tube (7). When the fish collection box (706) is stopped at the fish collection port (705), the fish collection port (705) is connected to the inlet of the fish collection box (706); a fish outlet (709) is provided at the upper part of the first square tube (7), and when the fish collection box (706) is stopped at the fish outlet (709), the outlet of the fish collection box (706) is connected to the fish outlet (709); a sliding plate (704) is hinged at the fish outlet (709), and the sliding plate (704) can be attached to the temporary storage tray (12); A first winch (702) is provided on the top of the first square tube (7), and a first traction rope (703) is wound on the first winch (702). The first traction rope (703) is connected to the slide plate (704) to drive the slide plate (704) to rotate around the hinge point. The drive mechanism includes a walkway plate (6), a second winch (4), and a second wire rope (5) wound on the second winch (4); the walkway plate (6) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the pier (1), the second winch (4) is installed on the cantilever end of the walkway plate (6), and the second wire rope (5) is connected to the fishway assembly (100); The hinge structure includes a first hinge plate (14a), a second hinge plate (14b), and a pin (13); the first hinge plate (14a) is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the temporary storage disk (12); the second hinge plate (14b) is welded to the second square tube body (8); the first hinge plate (14a) and the second hinge plate (14b) are connected by the pin (13).

2. A fish-passing system with both autonomous and auxiliary fish-passing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fish-collecting opening (705) is funnel-shaped, and a fish-attracting device is provided on the fish-collecting opening (705).

3. A fish-passing system with both autonomous and assisted fish-passing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed pier (2) is provided on the top of the pier (1); multiple cables (3) are provided between the fixed pier (2) and the walkway slab (6).

4. A fish-passing system with both autonomous and assisted fish-passing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple diagonal bracing rods (16) are provided between the pier (1) and the base (9).

5. A fish-passing system with both autonomous and auxiliary fish-passing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An inlet gate (802) is provided at the fish inlet end of the second square tube (8).

6. A fish-passing system with both autonomous and assisted fish-passing functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a transfer vehicle (11), to which the discharge pipe (10) is connected.

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