Fishway with movable barrier

Abstract

The application discloses a fishway with a movable baffle and belongs to the field of fishway construction in water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The fishway comprises a fixed wing plate, a movable baffle, a pushing rod bearing, a pushing ball head, a hydraulic pushing rod, a pushing rod shaft, a fixed wide baffle and an energy dissipation baffle. The fishway can help fishes with different swimming abilities to pass through a dam and shorten the passing time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fishway with a movable baffle, belonging to the field of fish passage facility construction in water conservancy and hydropower projects. Background Technology

[0002] Fishways are the most common type of structure that provides a means for migratory aquatic organisms to cross obstacles such as dams and weirs, facilitating their migration routes. Fishways can be classified according to their structural type into trough-type fishways, pool-type fishways, close-to-nature style fishways, and fishways with special structural designs.

[0003] A trough-type fishway is a roughened trough connecting upstream and downstream sections. It primarily reduces flow velocity and absorbs energy by arranging various baffles and sills closely spaced along the trough walls and bottom. Its advantages include small size, steep slope, and short length, making it relatively economical, and allowing fish to pass through at any water depth with a relatively fast passage speed. However, this type of fishway experiences intense water turbulence, is unsuitable for large differences in water level between upstream and downstream sections, and has complex roughened components that are difficult to maintain. The most typical example is the Denil fishway, invented by the Belgian engineer Daniel. This type of fishway is mainly suitable for fish with small head differences and strong current-resistance capabilities, and there are currently no application examples in my country.

[0004] Divider-type fishways are classified into four types based on the shape, location, and energy dissipation mechanism of the diaphragm's fish holes: overflow weir type, submerged orifice type, vertical slot type, and combined type. This type of fishway uses diaphragms on the channel to divide the total head difference between upstream and downstream into many stages. Energy is dissipated through water cushions, water flow counter-current, diffusion, and frictional resistance, creating a flow pattern suitable for fish to swim upstream. Its advantages include easy control of water flow conditions, simple structure, convenient maintenance, and the ability to adapt to relatively high heads. Therefore, it is currently the most widely used fishway type both domestically and internationally.

[0005] The original ecological fishway mainly relies on extending the water flow path and increasing the roughness to dissipate energy. This type of fishway is very close to the situation of natural river channels, so the fish passage effect is very ideal.

[0006] Fishways with special structural designs have unique features and are typically designed for aquatic organisms (such as juvenile eels and crabs) that can crawl, adhere, and navigate through gaps in vegetation to migrate upstream. For example, the eel channel built in 1974 on the Moses-Sanders Dam on the St. Lawrence River in Canada for American eels to migrate upstream has a steep slope of 70 degrees, a total length of 156 meters, and a climbing height of 29.3 meters. More than 3 million American eels passed through it within four years of its completion.

[0007] Vertical slotted fishways are a commonly used fishway design in engineering. For example... Figure 1As shown, the diaphragm through the fish hole is a vertical slit running from top to bottom. Based on the complexity of the slit structure, it can be divided into general vertical slit type and vertical slit type with guide plates, etc. Based on the number of slits, it can be divided into double-sided and single-sided vertical slit types, etc. The vertical slit type mainly utilizes the diffusion and counter-current effects of water flow to dissipate energy, and its energy dissipation effect is more sufficient than that of general orifice type and overflow weir type, but its flow pattern is more complex.

[0008] While vertical slotted fishways offer many advantages, some fish species still struggle to swim upstream within the enclosure. This is especially true because different fish species have varying current preferences and swimming abilities. This makes it difficult for common vertical slotted fishways to accommodate a wide range of fish species simultaneously. Therefore, sometimes it becomes necessary to sacrifice the protection of some fish species with lower swimming abilities.

[0009] Fish that have difficulty swimming upwards in vertical slit fishways generally exhibit two forms: one is that there are no obvious flow lines to lure them, so the fish cannot find a path to go upwards; the other is that the fish's sudden swimming speed is insufficient to pass through the vertical slits of the fishway. Summary of the Invention

[0010] Based on the above problems, the present invention discloses a fishway with a movable baffle, the purpose of which is to help fish with different swimming abilities pass through the fishway.

[0011] The aforementioned dynamic baffle fishway includes: a fixed wing plate, a dynamic baffle, a push rod bearing, a push ball head, a hydraulic push rod, a push rod shaft, a fixed wide baffle, and an energy dissipation baffle.

[0012] The aforementioned fixed wing plates are fixed to the fishway sidewall and fishway bottom plate by a fixed structure, and the movable baffle is fixed to the fishway sidewall by a rotating shaft; the aforementioned fixed wide baffle and movable baffle are arranged at intervals.

[0013] The aforementioned push rod bearing is fixed to the movable partition plate, the push ball head is placed in the push rod bearing, one end of the hydraulic rod is the push ball head, the other end is the push rod shaft, and the push rod shaft is fixed to the fishway side wall.

[0014] The aforementioned energy dissipation baffle includes: a longitudinal support frame for the baffle, a transverse support frame for the baffle, and a water flow adjustment plate;

[0015] The aforementioned longitudinal support frame of the baffle is fixed to the fixed wide partition plate;

[0016] The aforementioned longitudinal support frame and transverse support frame of the baffle are connected together by a threaded lifting shaft;

[0017] The aforementioned water flow adjustment plate occupies 50% to 75% of the area of ​​the transverse support frame of the baffle;

[0018] The aforementioned water flow adjustment plate consists of multiple louvered blades, with a maximum louvered blade opening angle of 90° and a single louvered blade height of 30cm. The louvers are fixed to the horizontal support frame of the baffle via a pivot.

[0019] The aforementioned threaded lifting shaft uses a wirelessly controlled servo motor to drive the crown gear for lifting.

[0020] The aforementioned louver blade cross-section curve consists of multiple straight lines and multiple curves connected together;

[0021] The aforementioned curves include: circular arcs and elliptical curves;

[0022] The elliptic curve mentioned above is the head-top water curve, and its equation is:

[0023] Connect the upper side of the cross section with a straight line segment; connect the following line segments sequentially to the lower side:

[0024] Circular arc radius 7, central angle 66°; circular arc radius 5, central angle 90°; circular arc radius 16, central angle 33°; circular arc radius 8, central angle 47°; straight line segment;

[0025] When obstructed fish appear in the fishway pool, the longitudinal support frame of the upper baffle is lowered into the water from the top of the fishway, and the transverse support frame of the baffle begins to block the water.

[0026] The width of the fixed wing plate mentioned above is the width of the narrow partition of the vertical slot fishway, and the width of the movable partition mentioned above is the sum of the width of the wide partition of the vertical slot fishway and 2 / 3 of the width of the vertical slot; when the movable partition is completely closed, the gap width between the fixed wing plate and the movable partition is 1 / 3 of the width of the vertical slot.

[0027] The operation mode of the above-mentioned movable baffle fishway is as follows:

[0028] 1) The movable baffles of the fishway are partially opened, with the width being the same as the width of the vertical slit at the fixed baffle. The energy dissipation baffle is above the water surface of the fishway. This is the normal operating mode of the movable baffle fishway.

[0029] 2) When the monitoring system detects a large number of fish unable to swim upstream in a certain pool, the following scheduling will be implemented:

[0030] 2-1) When the movable baffle is on the upstream side of the pool chamber, the downstream movable baffle of the downstream adjacent pool chamber is closed first, so that the movable baffle is in a completely closed state, that is, the downstream movable baffle of the downstream adjacent pool chamber is closed to 1 / 3 position.

[0031] The closure of the downstream movable baffle causes the water level in this chamber and the adjacent downstream chamber to rise, which reduces the water level difference between this chamber and the upstream chamber, thereby reducing the flow velocity at the movable baffle. The obstructed fish can then move upstream through the movable baffle. If, after the adjustment, there are still obstructed fish that cannot pass through the vertical gap, the energy dissipation baffle is adjusted to help the fish find the upstream passage.

[0032] 2-2) When the movable baffle is located downstream of the pool chamber, the movable baffle of the pool chamber is closed, which causes the water level of this pool chamber to rise, reduces the water level difference between this pool chamber and the upstream pool chamber, and reduces the flow velocity at the vertical gap of the fixed baffle upstream of this pool chamber; if there are still obstructed fish that cannot pass through the vertical gap after the adjustment, the energy dissipation baffle is adjusted to help the fish find the upstream passage.

[0033] 3) After completing the above scheduling, the obstructed fish enter the next level pool. If they are still obstructed, repeat the above scheduling method.

[0034] 4) Once all the obstructed fish have left the fishway from the exit, the fishway will resume its normal operation as described in 1).

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0036] The fishway proposed in this invention can help fish with different swimming abilities pass through the fishway and shorten their passage time. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of fishway layout in existing technology;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the movable baffle-type fishway proposed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the energy dissipation baffle opening as proposed in this invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the energy dissipation baffle being closed according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of streamlines and fish distribution when the energy dissipation baffle is partially open;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the energy dissipation baffle of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] The movable baffle of the movable baffle fishway includes: a fixed wing plate 11, a movable baffle 12, a push rod bearing 16, a push ball head 15, a hydraulic push rod 13, a push rod shaft 14, and an energy dissipation baffle.

[0046] The aforementioned fixed wing plate 11 is fixed to the fishway side wall and the bottom surface of the fishway through a fixed structure, and the movable partition plate 12 is fixed to the fishway side wall through a rotating shaft;

[0047] The push rod bearing 16 is fixed on the movable partition plate 12, the push ball head 15 is placed in the push rod bearing 16, one end of the hydraulic rod is the push ball head 15, the other end is the push rod shaft 14, and the push rod shaft 14 is fixed on the side wall of the fish passage.

[0048] The width of the fixed wing plate 11 is the width of the narrow partition of the vertical slot fishway, and the width of the movable partition plate 12 is the sum of the width of the wide partition of the vertical slot fishway and 2 / 3 of the designed vertical slot width; when the movable partition plate is completely closed, the gap width between the fixed wing plate 11 and the movable partition plate 12 is 1 / 3 of the vertical slot width.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The operation mode of the movable baffle fishway is as follows:

[0051] 1) The movable baffles of the fishway are partially opened, and the opening width is the vertical slit width of the fixed baffle. The energy dissipation baffle is above the water surface of the fishway. This is the normal operation mode of the movable baffle fishway.

[0052] 2) The monitoring system detected a large number of fish unable to move upstream in pool 3, and the following scheduling was implemented:

[0053] 2-1) Upstream of pool chamber 3 is the movable baffle 31 of this pool chamber. First, the downstream movable baffle 41 of the downstream adjacent pool chamber 4 is closed, so that the downstream movable baffle 41 is in a completely closed state. That is, the width of the vertical gap between the downstream movable baffle 41 and the downstream side wing wall 42 is adjusted to 1 / 3 of the designed vertical gap width. As the closure of the downstream movable baffle 41 causes the water level of pool chamber 3 and the downstream adjacent pool chamber 4 to rise, the water level difference between pool chamber 3 and upstream pool chamber 2 is reduced, thereby reducing the flow velocity at the vertical gap of the movable baffle 31 of this pool chamber. The blocked individuals can then travel upstream through the vertical gap between pool chamber 2 and pool chamber 3.

[0054] 2-2) If some individuals are still found to be unable to swim upstream in pool chamber 2, the servo motor will drive the crown gear in pool chamber 2 to lower the threaded lifting shaft 24, and the baffle horizontal support frame 22 will fall into the bottom of the fishway to start blocking the water; the energy dissipation baffle will adjust its angle until the obstructed fish successfully swim upstream.

[0055] 2-3) Lift the energy dissipation baffle, and then restore the downstream moving baffle 41 to normal operation mode;

[0056] 3) The monitoring system detected a large number of fish unable to move upstream in pool 2, and the following scheduling was implemented:

[0057] 3-1) Closing the movable baffle 31 downstream of pool chamber 2 causes the water level in pool chamber 2 to rise, reducing the water level difference between this pool chamber and the upstream pool chamber, and reducing the flow velocity at the vertical gap of the fixed baffle upstream of this pool chamber; monitoring revealed that some obstructed fish left pool chamber 2 through the vertical gap of the upstream fixed baffle; some obstructed fish could not find an upstream path in pool chamber 2.

[0058] 3-2) In pool chamber 2, the servo motor drives the crown gear, causing the threaded lifting shaft 24 to descend, and the baffle horizontal support frame 22 falls into the bottom of the fishway to begin blocking water; the energy dissipation baffle adjusts its size until the obstructed fish successfully swim upstream;

[0059] 4) After completing the above scheduling, the obstructed fish enter the next level pool. If they are still obstructed, repeat the above scheduling method. Once the obstructed fish leave the fishway from the exit, resume the normal operation mode in 1).

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A certain movable baffle fishway includes: a fixed wing plate 11, a movable baffle 12, a push rod bearing 16, a push ball head 15, a hydraulic push rod 13, a push rod shaft 14, and an energy dissipation baffle.

[0062] The aforementioned fixed wing plate 11 is fixed to the fishway side wall and the fishway bottom plate by a fixed structure, and the movable partition plate is fixed to the fishway side wall by a rotating shaft; the aforementioned fixed wide partition plate and movable partition plate are arranged at intervals.

[0063] The aforementioned push rod bearing 16 is fixed on the movable partition plate 12, the push ball head 15 is placed in the push rod bearing 16, one end of the hydraulic push rod 13 is the push ball head 15, and the other end is the push rod shaft 14, which is fixed to the side wall of the fish passage.

[0064] The aforementioned energy dissipation baffle includes: a longitudinal support frame 21, a transverse support frame 22, and a water flow adjustment plate 23;

[0065] The aforementioned longitudinal support frame 21 of the baffle is fixed to the fishway partition;

[0066] The aforementioned longitudinal support frame 21 and transverse support frame 22 of the baffle are fixed together by a threaded lifting shaft 24;

[0067] The aforementioned water flow adjustment plate 23 occupies 50% of the length of the transverse support frame 22 of the baffle;

[0068] The aforementioned water flow adjustment plate 23 consists of multiple louvered blades, with a maximum opening angle of 90° and a single louvered blade height of 30cm. It is fixed to the horizontal support frame 22 of the baffle via a pivot.

[0069] The aforementioned threaded lifting shaft 24 uses a wirelessly controlled servo motor to drive the crown gear for lifting.

[0070] The aforementioned louver blade cross-section curve consists of multiple straight lines and multiple curves connected together;

[0071] The aforementioned curves include: circular arcs and elliptical curves;

[0072] The elliptic curve mentioned above is the head-top water curve, and its equation is:

[0073] Connect the upper straight line segment;

[0074] Connect the following line segments sequentially below:

[0075] Circular arc radius 7, central angle 66°; circular arc radius 5, central angle 90°; circular arc radius 16, central angle 33°; circular arc radius 8, central angle 47°; straight line segment;

[0076] When it is necessary to adjust the flow rate distribution inside the fishway pool, the servo motor drives the crown gear, causing the threaded lifting shaft 24 to descend, and the baffle horizontal support frame 22 falls into the bottom of the fishway to begin blocking water.

Claims

1. A fish pass having a moving barrier, characterised in that: It includes: Fixed wing plate, movable baffle, push rod bearing, push ball head, hydraulic push rod, push rod shaft, fixed wide baffle, energy dissipation baffle; The fixed wing plate is fixed on the fishway side wall and fishway bottom plate through the fixed structure, and the movable baffle is fixed on the fishway side wall through the rotating shaft; The fixed wide baffle is arranged between the movable baffle; The push rod bearing is fixed on the movable baffle, the push ball head is arranged in the push rod bearing, one end of the hydraulic push rod is the push ball head, the other end is the push rod shaft, and the push rod shaft is fixed on the fishway side wall; The energy dissipation baffle includes: baffle longitudinal support frame, baffle transverse support frame, water flow adjusting plate; The baffle longitudinal support frame is fixed on the fixed wide baffle; The baffle longitudinal support frame and the baffle transverse support frame are connected together through the threaded lifting shaft; The wireless control servo motor is used on the threaded lifting shaft to push the crown gear to lift; The water flow adjusting plate accounts for 50%-75% of the area of the baffle transverse support frame; The water flow adjusting plate is a plurality of louver single leaves, the maximum opening angle of the louver single leaf is 90°, the height of the louver single leaf is 30cm, and the louver single leaf is fixed on the baffle transverse support frame through the rotating shaft; The cross section curve of the louver single leaf is a plurality of straight lines and a plurality of curves connected with each other; The plurality of curves include: circular arc curve and elliptical curve; The elliptic curve is a head top water curve, and the equation is ; The upper side of the cross section is connected with a straight line segment; The lower side is sequentially connected with the following line segments: circular arc curve with a radius of 7 and a central angle of 66°; Circular arc curve with a radius of 5 and a central angle of 90°; Circular arc curve with a radius of 16 and a central angle of 33°; Circular arc curve with a radius of 8 and a central angle of 47°; Straight line segment.

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