Light prefabricated stair structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a light prefabricated stair structure which comprises stair flight plates arranged in an inclined plate shape. The stair steps are arranged on the stair flight plates in a step shape; the weight reduction cavity comprises a first cavity and a second cavity which are communicated with each other, the first cavity is arranged in the stair flight plate, and the second cavity is distributed in each step; the light core mold is arranged in the weight reduction cavity in a filling manner; and the reinforcing steel bar supporting part comprises an end reinforcing steel bar cage, a reinforcing beam reinforcing steel bar cage and a back side reinforcing steel bar cage. The weight reduction cavities are formed in the stair flight plates and the stair steps and matched with the light core molds, the closed weight reduction cavities can be formed during pouring, the prefabricated stair integrates weight reduction and high strength, filling construction does not need to be conducted on the weight reduction cavities, and the effects of being good in weight reduction effect and convenient to install and construct are achieved; and the appearance is the same as that of a traditional prefabricated plate type stair, the construction technology is the same as the mature technology of the traditional prefabricated plate type stair, the hoisting cost can be greatly reduced after weight reduction, and the self-weight load of the structure is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of prefabricated stairs, in particular to a light prefabricated staircase structure. Background Art

[0002] As the pace of industrialization and modernization in the construction industry accelerates, prefabricated buildings are rapidly being widely adopted in the industrial field because they can effectively reduce resource waste, promote green environmental protection concepts and achieve sustainable development goals.

[0003] As a vertical traffic artery connecting different floors of a building, stairs are not only an indispensable part of the building structure, but also an important evacuation and escape route in the event of an earthquake. However, traditional cast-in-place ordinary concrete stairs have the problems of excessive self-weight, complex construction process and long construction period.

[0004] In contrast, prefabricated lightweight stairs can reduce their own weight by adopting a hollow structure, while using lightweight and high-strength materials to increase the bearing capacity of the stairs, which is more in line with the high standards of modern buildings for green environmental protection.

[0005] There are two types of prefabricated hollow staircases widely circulated on the market. One is to penetrate the weight-reducing holes at the stair treads, but the weight-reducing effect of this type of staircase is not obvious, and both ends of the weight-reducing holes need to be blocked during installation. The other is the split staircase treads with hollow shells. Although this type of staircase has a significant weight-reducing effect, it requires cement construction and connection during installation, and the construction period is long, which needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight prefabricated staircase structure which has good weight reduction effect and is convenient for installation and construction.

[0007] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A lightweight prefabricated staircase structure, comprising: The staircase plate is arranged in an inclined plate shape, and both ends thereof are horizontally extended with connecting parts; Stair treads are arranged on the staircase board in a step-like shape; The weight-reducing cavity comprises a first cavity and a second cavity which are interconnected, wherein the first cavity is arranged in the stair section plate and passes through the upper end surface of the stair section plate, and the second cavity is distributed inside each step and has a triangular cross section; A lightweight core mold is filled and arranged in the weight-reducing cavity; The steel bar support part includes an end steel bar cage, a reinforcing beam steel bar cage and a back steel bar cage. The end steel bar cage is arranged in a pair of the connecting parts, the reinforcing beam steel bar cage is arranged between the two sides of the pair of the end steel bar cages and clamps the two sides of the lightweight core mold, and the back steel bar cage is arranged between the pair of the end steel bar cages and covers the back side of the lightweight core mold.

[0008] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the lightweight core mold includes a pair of stair segment core membranes and a plurality of step core membranes, the pair of stair segment core membranes are arranged side by side, the plurality of step core membranes are spaced apart and laterally arranged on the pair of stair segment core membranes, and the two ends are flush with the outer sides of the stair segment core membranes.

[0009] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: a pair of the stair core membranes and a plurality of the step core membranes are integrally formed.

[0010] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the surface of each of the stair core membranes is provided with a dovetail groove arranged along its length direction, and the back side of each of the step core membranes is provided with a dovetail strip arranged along its length direction and used for slidingly embedding into the dovetail groove.

[0011] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the inner side of each corner position of the stair tread and the inner side of the second cavity aligned with the corner position of the stair tread are both arranged in an arc shape.

[0012] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: a reinforcement groove is formed between two adjacent stair segment core membranes along the length direction thereof, and a reinforcement steel cage located in the reinforcement groove is provided between a pair of end steel cages to form a reinforcement beam arranged along the length direction thereof inside the stair segment plate after casting.

[0013] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: a plurality of rectangular connection holes are formed around a pair of the stair core membranes and a plurality of the step core membranes to form reinforcement columns between the stair slabs and the stair treads after casting.

[0014] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the end steel cage and the reinforcing beam steel cage are both provided with fasteners for pressing the lightweight core mold around.

[0015] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the fastener includes a ring and a pressure plate, the ring is arranged in an open shape and is used to be sleeved on the outer wall of the steel bar, and the pressure plate is arranged on the outer wall of the ring away from its open end, and is used to press the side walls around the lightweight core mold.

[0016] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: limit rods are provided in a C-shape on both sides of the opening position of the ring, the opening positions of the limit rods are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ends extend to the inside and outside of the ring respectively, and a plurality of positioning rods for piercing into the lightweight core mold are laterally and spaced apart at one end of the pressure plate away from the ring.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting interconnected weight-reducing cavities inside the stair slabs and stair treads, and matching with lightweight core molds, a closed weight-reducing cavity can be stably formed during pouring, so that the prefabricated staircase combines weight reduction and high strength. During assembly and construction, there is no need to fill the weight-reducing cavity with cement, achieving good weight reduction effect and convenient installation and construction. In addition, the appearance is the same as that of traditional prefabricated plate stairs, and the construction process is also the same as the mature process of traditional prefabricated plate stairs. After weight reduction, the hoisting cost can be greatly reduced, and the deadweight load of the structure is also reduced; 2. By setting arc-shaped chamfers in the stair treads and the second cavity, stress concentration can be prevented and the structural strength of the concrete structure can be increased; 3. By forming reinforcement grooves and connection holes on the lightweight core mold, after the concrete is poured, reinforcement beams and reinforcement columns are formed inside the concrete, thereby improving the structural strength of the entire prefabricated staircase; 4. Fasteners are provided to tighten and fix the four sides of the lightweight core mold, thereby increasing the stability of the lightweight core mold, avoiding the lightweight core mold from slipping during vibration, and achieving stable molding of the weight-reduced cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a weight-reducing cavity of an embodiment; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the embodiment; Figure 4 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lightweight core mold of an embodiment; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fastener of the embodiment.

[0019] Figure numerals: 1. stair section plate; 11. connection part; 2. stair tread; 3. weight-reducing cavity; 31. first cavity; 32. second cavity; 4. lightweight core mold; 41. stair section core membrane; 42. tread core membrane; 43. dovetail groove; 44. dovetail bar; 45. reinforcement groove; 46. connection hole; 47. reinforcement column; 5. steel bar support part; 51. end steel bar cage; 52. reinforcement beam steel bar cage; 53. back steel bar cage; 54. lateral reinforcement beam; 55. reinforcement steel bar cage; 56. reinforcement beam; 6. fastener; 61. ring; 62. pressure plate; 63. limit rod; 64. positioning rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a lightweight prefabricated staircase structure includes a stair slab 1, stair treads 2, a weight-reducing cavity 3, a lightweight core mold 4, and a steel support portion 5.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the stair section plate 1 is arranged in an inclined plate shape, and connecting parts 11 are horizontally extended at both ends, and the stair steps 2 are arranged on the stair section plate 1 in a step shape.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the weight-reducing cavity 3 includes a first cavity 31 and a second cavity 32 which are interconnected. The first cavity 31 is arranged in the stair plate 1 and passes through the upper end surface of the stair plate 1. The second cavity 32 is distributed inside each step and has a triangular cross section.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the inner side of each corner position of the stair step 2 and the inner side of the second cavity 32 aligned with the corner position of the stair step 2 are both arranged in an arc shape to prevent stress concentration and increase the structural strength of the concrete structure stairs.

[0025] like Figure 3As shown, the lightweight core mold 4 is filled and arranged in the weight-reducing cavity 3, and is in accordance with the shape of the weight-reducing cavity 3. The lightweight core mold 4 can be a lightweight solid core mold or a thin-walled hollow core mold. When the lightweight core mold 4 is a lightweight solid core mold, the material used is a lightweight material such as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam, phenolic foam, melamine foam, etc., and polystyrene foam plastics with a glass fiber reinforced cement reinforcement layer coated on the surface can also be used, and polystyrene foam plastics with steel components for isolation and support reinforcement can also be used, and the physical and mechanical properties thereof should comply with the provisions of Table 6 of the current industry standard "Filling Body for Cast-in-place Concrete Hollow Floor Slabs" JC / T952; when the lightweight core mold 4 is a thin-walled hollow core mold, thin-walled materials such as glass fiber reinforced cement, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene can be used, and glass fiber reinforced cement thin-walled materials made of admixtures such as fly ash can also be used, and the physical and mechanical properties thereof should comply with the provisions of Table 5 of the current industry standard "Filling Body for Cast-in-place Concrete Hollow Floor Slabs" JC / T 952.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the steel bar support part 5 includes an end steel bar cage 51, a reinforcing beam steel bar cage 52 and a back steel bar cage 53. The end steel bar cage 51 is arranged in a pair of connecting parts 11, and the reinforcing beam steel bar cage 52 is arranged between the two sides of the pair of end steel bar cages 51 and clamps the two sides of the lightweight core mold 4, so as to form lateral reinforcement beams 54 on both sides of the stair slab 1 and the stair tread 2 after pouring. The back steel bar cage 53 is arranged between the pair of end steel bar cages 51 and covers the back side of the lightweight core mold 4.

[0027] Therefore, by setting interconnected weight-reducing cavities 3 inside the stair section plate 1 and the stair treads 2, and matching them with lightweight core molds 4, a closed weight-reducing cavity 3 can be stably formed during construction, so that the prefabricated staircase combines weight reduction and high strength. During assembly construction, there is no need to fill the weight-reducing cavity 3 with cement, thereby achieving a good weight-reducing effect and convenient installation and construction.

[0028] At the same time, after pouring and forming, an inner beam is formed inside the stairs. As an innovative structure, the inner beam structure can meet the mechanical performance requirements of the stairs while reducing the amount of reinforced concrete, thereby improving the structural strength and load-bearing capacity of the stairs.

[0029] And the construction process is the same as the traditional prefabricated panel staircase, and the mature process of the construction process is also the same as the traditional prefabricated panel staircase. After the weight is reduced, the lifting cost can be greatly reduced, and the self-weight load of the structure is also reduced.

[0030] like Figure 4As shown, the lightweight core mold 4 includes a pair of step core membranes 41 and a plurality of step core membranes 42. The pair of step core membranes 41 are arranged side by side. In actual production and use, there may be a plurality of step core membranes 41 to meet different use requirements. The plurality of step core membranes 42 are arranged on the pair of step core membranes 41 at intervals and transversely, and the two ends are flush with the outer sides of the step core membranes 41.

[0031] A pair of stair core membranes 41 and a plurality of step core membranes 42 can be integrally formed. When manufacturing, the foam board is cut into stair core membranes 41 and a plurality of step core membranes 42 by a CNC cutting machine according to the size of the lightweight core mold 4, and then pasted together to form. The lightweight core mold 4 manufactured in this way has extremely high flexibility and customizability, and can accurately produce various complex or unique shapes according to the diverse needs of customers.

[0032] According to the size of the core mold, a foam molding machine can be used, equipped with a core mold mold, to achieve one-time molding of the lightweight core mold 4, and each set of stairs takes about 2 minutes to mold. The lightweight core mold 4 made in this way has high precision and efficient production rate, which is very suitable for large-scale batch production.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, a pair of stair core membranes 41 and a plurality of step core membranes 42 can be separately arranged, and the surface of each stair core membrane 41 is provided with a dovetail groove 43 arranged along its length direction, and the back side of each step core membrane 42 is provided with a dovetail bar 44 arranged along its length direction and used for slidingly embedding into the dovetail groove 43.

[0034] Therefore, during assembly, the dovetail block and the dovetail groove 43 can be used for snap-fit ​​assembly, and glue can be used for bonding to increase the structural strength and stability between the stair core membrane 41 and the step core membrane 42, thereby ensuring stable and precise forming of the weight-reducing cavity 3.

[0035] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a reinforcement groove 45 is formed between two adjacent stair core membranes 41 along the length direction thereof, and a reinforcement steel cage 55 located in the reinforcement groove 45 is provided between a pair of end steel cages 51 to form a reinforcement beam 56 arranged along the length direction thereof inside the stair slab 1 after casting.

[0036] Therefore, after the concrete is poured, lateral reinforcement beams 54 are formed on both sides of the precast concrete staircase, and a reinforcement beam 56 is formed in the middle. The coordination of the three beams can improve the structural strength of the entire precast staircase and ensure the load-bearing capacity of the precast staircase.

[0037] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, a plurality of rectangular connection holes 46 are formed around a pair of stair core membranes 41 and a plurality of step core membranes 42 to form reinforcement columns 47 between the stair slab 1 and the stair treads 2 after pouring.

[0038] Therefore, after the concrete is poured, mutually connected reinforcing columns 47 are formed between the stair slab 1 and the stair treads 2, thereby improving the structural strength of the entire prefabricated staircase and ensuring the load-bearing capacity of the prefabricated staircase.

[0039] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the end steel cage 51 and the reinforcing beam steel cage 52 are both provided with fasteners 6 for pressing the lightweight core mold 4 around, and the fasteners 6 include a collar 61 and a pressing plate 62 .

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the ring 61 is set in an open shape and is used to be mounted on the outer wall of the steel bar. Limit rods 63 are set in a C shape on both sides of the opening position of the ring 61. The opening positions of the limit rods 63 are arranged in opposite directions, and the two ends extend to the inside and outside of the ring 61 respectively.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the pressure plate 62 is arranged on the outer wall of the ring 61 away from its open end, and is used to press the side walls around the lightweight core mold 4. A plurality of positioning rods 64 for piercing the lightweight core mold 4 are horizontally and spaced apart at one end of the pressure plate 62 away from the ring 61.

[0042] When the lightweight core mold 4 is fixed, the sleeve of the ring 61 can be set on the corresponding steel bar, and the limit rod 63 can be used to clamp and fix the steel bar, so as to achieve the installation and fixation of the entire fastener 6. At the same time, the positioning rod 64 on the pressing plate 62 penetrates into the lightweight core mold 4, and the pressing plate 62 is used to support the lightweight core mold 4, so as to achieve the compression and fixation of the lightweight core mold 4 around, increase the stability of the lightweight core mold 4, avoid the lightweight core mold 4 from slipping during vibration, and achieve the stable molding of the weight-reduced cavity 3.

[0043] Working principle: When the staircase is cast and processed by a horizontal mold, the stair core membrane 41 and the step core membrane 42 are first assembled and fixed, and then the foam core membranes that have been glued are placed into the mold accordingly. Then, support pads are bonded and fixed at both ends and the middle of the step mold to reserve a protective layer for wrapping the foam core membrane after concrete pouring. Finally, the steel support part 5 is tied so that the position of the lightweight core mold 4 does not have a large deviation, and finally the mold is closed for casting.

[0044] The stairs cast in this way have relatively higher manufacturing accuracy, and the internal lightweight core mold 4 is more accurately positioned, which can ensure that the size and shape of the finished stairs meet the design requirements, thereby improving the overall quality.

[0045] When the staircase is cast and processed by the vertical mold, the stair core membrane 41 and the step core membrane 42 are first assembled and fixed, and then the foam core membranes that have been glued are placed into the mold accordingly, and then the support pads are glued and fixed at both ends and the middle of the step mold to reserve a protective layer for wrapping the foam core membrane after the concrete is poured. Finally, the steel support part 5 is tied, and the fasteners 6 are installed on the steel support part 5 to support and fix the lightweight core mold 4, and finally the mold is closed for casting.

[0046] The casting method of vertical mold is more convenient to use, with less surface finishing area, and generally only requires a few workers to complete the operation, which reduces the requirements for operators and improves production efficiency.

[0047] The specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the embodiments without any creative contribution as needed. However, such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight prefabricated staircase structure, characterized in that: include: The stair section plate (1) is arranged in an inclined plate shape, and both ends are provided with connecting parts (11) extending horizontally; Stair steps (2) are arranged on the stair tread (1) in a step-like shape; The weight-reducing cavity (3) comprises a first cavity (31) and a second cavity (32) which are interconnected, wherein the first cavity (31) is arranged in the stair section plate (1) and passes through the upper end surface of the stair section plate (1), and the second cavity (32) is distributed inside each step and has a triangular cross section; A lightweight core mold (4) is filled and arranged in the weight-reducing cavity (3); The steel bar support portion (5) comprises an end steel bar cage (51), a reinforcing beam steel bar cage (52) and a back steel bar cage (53), wherein the end steel bar cage (51) is arranged in a pair of the connecting portions (11), the reinforcing beam steel bar cage (52) is arranged between the two sides of the pair of the end steel bar cages (51) and clamps the two sides of the lightweight core mold (4), and the back steel bar cage (53) is arranged between the pair of the end steel bar cages (51) and covers the back side of the lightweight core mold (4).

2. A lightweight prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight core mold (4) comprises a pair of stair-section core membranes (41) and a plurality of step core membranes (42); the pair of stair-section core membranes (41) are arranged side by side, and the plurality of step core membranes (42) are arranged at intervals and transversely on the pair of stair-section core membranes (41), and the two ends thereof are flush with the outer sides of the stair-section core membranes (41).

3. A lightweight prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pair of the stair core membranes (41) and a plurality of the step core membranes (42) are integrally formed.

4. A lightweight prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of each stair core membrane (41) is provided with a dovetail groove (43) arranged along its length direction, and the back side of each step core membrane (42) is provided with a dovetail strip (44) arranged along its length direction and used for slidingly embedding into the dovetail groove (43).

5. The lightweight prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of each corner position of the stair tread (2) and the inner side of the second cavity (32) aligned with the corner position of the stair tread (2) are both arranged in an arc shape.

6. A lightweight prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reinforcement groove (45) is formed between two adjacent stair segment core membranes (41) along the length direction thereof, and a reinforcement steel cage (55) located in the reinforcement groove (45) is provided between a pair of end steel cages (51) to form a reinforcement beam (56) arranged along the length direction thereof inside the stair segment plate (1) after casting.

7. A lightweight prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of rectangular connection holes (46) are formed around a pair of the stair core membranes (41) and a plurality of the step core membranes (42) to form reinforcement columns (47) between the stair slab (1) and the stair treads (2) after casting.

8. The lightweight prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end steel cage (51) and the reinforcing beam steel cage (52) are both provided with fasteners (6) for pressing the lightweight core mold (4) around.

9. A lightweight prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fastener (6) comprises a collar (61) and a pressure plate (62); the collar (61) is arranged in an open shape and is used to be sleeved on the outer wall of the steel bar; the pressure plate (62) is arranged on the outer wall of the collar (61) away from the open end thereof and is used to press the surrounding side walls of the lightweight core mold (4).

10. A lightweight prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: Limiting rods (63) are arranged in a C shape on both sides of the opening position of the collar (61), the opening positions of the limiting rods (63) are arranged in opposite directions, and the two ends extend to the inside and outside of the collar (61) respectively, and a plurality of positioning rods (64) for piercing into the lightweight core mold (4) are arranged transversely and at intervals at one end of the pressure plate (62) away from the collar (61).

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